CN221095231U - An anchor pile reaction frame with built-in safety detection system - Google Patents
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Abstract
本实用新型提供一种自带安全检测系统的锚桩反力架，能够在采用锚桩反力架进行锚桩法静载试验时实时监测锚桩钢筋的受力状态以及反力架的倾角，保障锚桩法静载试验的安全。该自带安全检测系统的锚桩反力架包括：锚桩反力架本体和安全检测系统；安全检测系统包括：应变计和倾角传感器；在锚桩反力架本体的每个锚桩的锚桩钢筋上安装应变计，用于实时监测试验过程中锚桩钢筋的应变；在锚桩反力架本体的每个锚盘的中心安装所述倾角传感器，用于实时监测试验过程中锚盘的倾角。
The utility model provides an anchor pile reaction frame with a built-in safety detection system, which can monitor the stress state of the anchor pile reinforcement and the inclination angle of the reaction frame in real time when the anchor pile method static load test is performed using the anchor pile reaction frame, thereby ensuring the safety of the anchor pile method static load test. The anchor pile reaction frame with a built-in safety detection system comprises: an anchor pile reaction frame body and a safety detection system; the safety detection system comprises: a strain gauge and an inclination sensor; a strain gauge is installed on the anchor pile reinforcement of each anchor pile of the anchor pile reaction frame body, for real-time monitoring of the strain of the anchor pile reinforcement during the test; the inclination sensor is installed at the center of each anchor plate of the anchor pile reaction frame body, for real-time monitoring of the inclination angle of the anchor plate during the test.
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本实用新型涉及一种锚桩反力架，尤其涉及一种自带安全检测系统的锚桩法反力架，属于建筑工程技术领域。The utility model relates to an anchor pile reaction frame, in particular to an anchor pile reaction frame with a self-contained safety detection system, and belongs to the technical field of construction engineering.
背景技术Background technique
锚桩法是桩基静载试验最常用的方法之一。锚桩法试验装置的反力架由反力主梁和反力次梁组成，通过千斤顶把力施加到试桩的桩顶，同时将反力传给反力架，反力架传递过来的力再由锚桩受拉构件(枕头和拉杆)传给锚桩。The anchor pile method is one of the most commonly used methods for pile foundation static load test. The reaction frame of the anchor pile method test device consists of a reaction main beam and a reaction secondary beam. The force is applied to the top of the test pile through the jack, and the reaction force is transmitted to the reaction frame at the same time. The force transmitted by the reaction frame is then transmitted to the anchor pile by the anchor pile tension member (pillow and tie rod).
锚桩的反力梁装置是通过临近工程桩或者是预设桩来提供反力的，安装过程简便快捷，效率高，相比于堆在法能大幅度节约成本，尤其是对于大吨位的桩基进行试验，优点更为突出。The reaction beam device of the anchor pile provides reaction force through the adjacent engineering piles or preset piles. The installation process is simple, fast and efficient. Compared with the piling method, it can save costs significantly, especially for testing large-tonnage pile foundations, the advantages are more prominent.
锚桩法采用钢梁与锚桩联合来提供反力，但是在实际工程，由于施工质量的差异，往往会出现各个锚桩受力不均匀的现象，导致锚桩钢筋受力不对称或者是锚桩钢筋局部过度受拉的现象；锚桩受力不均匀时会造成单根或多根锚桩过度上拔，反力架倾斜失稳，严重者会造成局部钢筋拉断，进而导致反力架发生崩塌现象，轻则百分表受损，试验失败；严重时，还威胁到工作人员的人身安全，甚至造成严重安全事故。The anchor pile method uses a combination of steel beams and anchor piles to provide reaction force. However, in actual projects, due to differences in construction quality, the anchor piles are often subjected to uneven force, resulting in asymmetric force on the anchor pile reinforcement or local excessive tension on the anchor pile reinforcement. When the anchor piles are subjected to uneven force, it will cause a single or multiple anchor piles to be excessively pulled up, and the reaction frame will tilt and become unstable. In severe cases, it will cause local steel bars to break, leading to the collapse of the reaction frame. In mild cases, the dial indicator will be damaged and the test will fail. In severe cases, it will threaten the personal safety of the staff and even cause serious safety accidents.
因此，在锚桩法试验过程中实时监测锚桩钢筋的受力状态以及反力架的倾角具有重要意义，可避免发生锚桩及设备损坏以及人员伤亡事故。Therefore, it is of great significance to monitor the stress state of the anchor pile reinforcement and the inclination angle of the reaction frame in real time during the anchor pile method test, which can avoid damage to the anchor piles and equipment and casualties.
实用新型内容Utility Model Content
有鉴于此，本实用新型提供一种自带安全检测系统的锚桩反力架，能够在采用锚桩反力架进行锚桩法静载试验时实时监测锚桩钢筋的受力状态以及反力架的倾角，保障锚桩法静载试验的安全。In view of this, the utility model provides an anchor pile reaction frame with a built-in safety detection system, which can monitor the stress state of the anchor pile steel bars and the inclination angle of the reaction frame in real time when the anchor pile method static load test is carried out using the anchor pile reaction frame, thereby ensuring the safety of the anchor pile method static load test.
本实用新型的所采用的技术方案是：一种自带安全检测系统的锚桩反力架，包括：锚桩反力架本体；所述锚桩反力架本体包括：锚桩、试桩、承压板、千斤顶、反力主梁、反力次梁、拉杆、基准梁和锚盘；其特征在于：还包括安全检测系统；所述安全检测系统包括：应变计和倾角传感器；The technical solution adopted by the utility model is: an anchor pile reaction frame with a self-contained safety detection system, comprising: an anchor pile reaction frame body; the anchor pile reaction frame body comprises: anchor piles, test piles, pressure plates, jacks, reaction main beams, reaction secondary beams, pull rods, reference beams and anchor plates; it is characterized in that: it also comprises a safety detection system; the safety detection system comprises: a strain gauge and an inclination sensor;
在每个所述锚桩的一个以上锚桩钢筋上安装应变计，用于实时监测试验过程中对应锚桩钢筋的应变；在每个所述锚盘的中心安装所述倾角传感器，用于实时监测试验过程中锚盘的倾角。A strain gauge is installed on one or more anchor reinforcement bars of each anchor pile to monitor the strain of the corresponding anchor reinforcement bars in real time during the test; and the inclination sensor is installed at the center of each anchor plate to monitor the inclination of the anchor plate in real time during the test.
进一步的，所述安全检测系统还包括报警模块；所述应变计和倾角传感器分别与报警模块电连接，用于将检测的信号发送给报警模块；所述报警模块内部预设有反力架倾角报警值与锚板钢筋应变报警值。Furthermore, the safety detection system also includes an alarm module; the strain gauge and the inclination sensor are electrically connected to the alarm module respectively, for sending the detection signal to the alarm module; the alarm module is preset with a reaction frame inclination alarm value and an anchor plate steel bar strain alarm value.
进一步的，所述应变计和倾角传感器内置无线传输模块，通过所述无线传输模块与所述报警模块无线连接。Furthermore, the strain gauge and the tilt sensor have built-in wireless transmission modules, and are wirelessly connected to the alarm module via the wireless transmission module.
进一步的，每个锚桩上沿锚桩的中心对称的两根锚桩钢筋上均安装应变计。Furthermore, strain gauges are installed on two anchor reinforcement bars symmetrically along the center of each anchor.
进一步的，所述锚盘的中心加工有倾角传感器安装槽，将倾角传感器集成安装在锚盘上。Furthermore, a tilt sensor installation groove is processed at the center of the anchor plate, and the tilt sensor is integrated and installed on the anchor plate.
进一步的，所述千斤顶的油缸顶部放置有力传感器。Furthermore, a force sensor is placed on the top of the oil cylinder of the jack.
进一步的，所述锚桩反力架本体的基座梁上安装位移计。Furthermore, a displacement meter is installed on the base beam of the anchor pile reaction frame body.
有益效果：Beneficial effects:
(1)本实用新型中在锚桩反力架中设置安全检测系统，在锚桩法试验过程中实时能够实时监测锚桩钢筋的应变以及反力架的倾角，由此能够监控试验过程中锚桩钢筋的受力状态以及反力架的倾角，免发生锚桩及设备损坏以及人员伤亡事故。(1) In the present invention, a safety detection system is provided in the anchor pile reaction frame, which can monitor the strain of the anchor pile reinforcement and the inclination angle of the reaction frame in real time during the anchor pile method test. Thus, the stress state of the anchor pile reinforcement and the inclination angle of the reaction frame can be monitored during the test to avoid damage to the anchor piles and equipment and casualties.
(2)本实用新型中，设置内部预设有反力架倾角报警值与锚板钢筋应变报警值声学报警模块，以便在试验过程中及时发出预警，保障锚桩法静载试验的安全。(2) In the present invention, an acoustic alarm module is provided with an internal preset alarm value for the reaction frame inclination angle and the anchor plate reinforcement strain, so as to issue a warning in time during the test to ensure the safety of the static load test using the anchor pile method.
(3)本实用新型中，在每个锚桩上的多根锚桩钢筋上安装应变计，实时监测锚桩钢筋的应变，但其中一个应变计的监测值达到锚板钢筋应变报警值时就发出报警，提高安全性。(3) In the present invention, strain gauges are installed on the multiple anchor reinforcement bars on each anchor pile to monitor the strain of the anchor reinforcement bars in real time. When the monitoring value of one of the strain gauges reaches the anchor reinforcement strain alarm value, an alarm is issued to improve safety.
(4)本实用新型中，各传感器内置无线传输模块，将采集的监测数据采用无线的方式发送给声学报警模块，避免数据线现场缠绕，影响试验安全。(4) In the present invention, each sensor has a built-in wireless transmission module, which sends the collected monitoring data to the acoustic alarm module wirelessly, avoiding data cables from being entangled on site and affecting test safety.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为本实用新型的自带安全检测系统的锚桩反力架的结构示意图；FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an anchor pile reaction frame with a built-in safety detection system of the utility model;
图2为倾角传感器在锚盘上的安装示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the tilt sensor on the anchor plate.
其中：1-锚桩；2-试桩；3-基准梁；4-承压板；5-千斤顶；6-反力主梁；7-位移计；8-力传感器；9-应变计；10-倾角传感器；11-锚桩钢筋；12-锚盘；13-拉杆；14-反力次梁；15-枕头；16-声学报警器；17-声学报警模块；18-倾角传感器安装槽。Among them: 1-anchor pile; 2-test pile; 3-reference beam; 4-pressure plate; 5-jack; 6-reaction main beam; 7-displacement meter; 8-force sensor; 9-strain gauge; 10-tilt sensor; 11-anchor pile steel bar; 12-anchor plate; 13-pull rod; 14-reaction secondary beam; 15-pillow; 16-acoustic alarm; 17-acoustic alarm module; 18-tilt sensor installation slot.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图及具体实施方式对本实用新型作进一步详细描述。The utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.
本实施例提供一种自带安全检测系统的锚桩反力架，能够在锚桩法试验过程中实时监测锚桩钢筋的受力状态以及反力架的倾角，保障锚桩法静载试验的安全。This embodiment provides an anchor pile reaction frame with a built-in safety detection system, which can monitor the stress state of the anchor pile reinforcement and the inclination angle of the reaction frame in real time during the anchor pile method test, thereby ensuring the safety of the anchor pile method static load test.
如图1所示，该锚桩反力架包括：锚桩反力架本体以及安装在锚桩反力架本体上的安全检测系统；其中锚桩反力架本体(即为常规锚桩法试验装置中的锚桩反力架本体)包括：锚桩1、试桩2、基准梁3、承压板4、千斤顶5(本例中采用液压千斤顶)、反力主梁6、反力次梁14、拉杆13和锚盘12；安全检测系统包括：位移计7、力传感器8、应变计9、倾角传感器10以及声学报警模块。As shown in Figure 1, the anchor pile reaction frame includes: an anchor pile reaction frame body and a safety detection system installed on the anchor pile reaction frame body; wherein the anchor pile reaction frame body (that is, the anchor pile reaction frame body in a conventional anchor pile method test device) includes: an anchor pile 1, a test pile 2, a reference beam 3, a pressure plate 4, a jack 5 (a hydraulic jack is used in this example), a reaction main beam 6, a reaction secondary beam 14, a pull rod 13 and an anchor plate 12; the safety detection system includes: a displacement meter 7, a force sensor 8, a strain gauge 9, an inclination sensor 10 and an acoustic alarm module.
首先为方便描述，令反力主梁6的长度方向为纵向，则反力次梁14的长度方向为横向，即反力主梁6和反力次梁14相互垂直。First, for the convenience of description, the length direction of the reaction main beam 6 is assumed to be longitudinal, and the length direction of the reaction secondary beam 14 is assumed to be transverse, that is, the reaction main beam 6 and the reaction secondary beam 14 are perpendicular to each other.
千斤顶5通过承压板4放置在试桩2桩顶(即承压板4放置于试桩2顶面正中央位置，承压板4上部放置千斤顶5)；在千斤顶5的油缸顶部放置力传感器8；通过力传感器8实时监测试验过程中千斤顶5对试桩2的作用力(桩基静载试验时所需监测的数据)；反力主梁6中心与试桩2对齐(初始时，通过临时支撑装置支撑反力主梁6)。两道反力次梁14放置于反力主梁6长度方向两端，且沿横向设置在反力主梁6上方；每道反力次梁14两端对应的地面上各设置一个锚桩1，自带倾角传感器10的锚盘12与锚桩钢筋11固定，由此共四个锚盘12。如图2所示，在锚盘12的中心加工有倾角传感器安装槽18，将倾角传感器10集成安装在锚盘12上。倾角传感器10用于实时监测试验过程中锚桩反力架本体的倾角(具体为反力次梁14的倾角)。The jack 5 is placed on the top of the test pile 2 through the pressure plate 4 (that is, the pressure plate 4 is placed in the center of the top surface of the test pile 2, and the jack 5 is placed on the upper part of the pressure plate 4); a force sensor 8 is placed on the top of the oil cylinder of the jack 5; the force acting on the test pile 2 by the jack 5 during the test is monitored in real time by the force sensor 8 (the data required to be monitored during the static load test of the pile foundation); the center of the reaction beam 6 is aligned with the test pile 2 (initially, the reaction beam 6 is supported by a temporary support device). Two reaction secondary beams 14 are placed at both ends of the reaction beam 6 in the length direction, and are arranged above the reaction beam 6 in the transverse direction; an anchor pile 1 is set on the ground corresponding to the two ends of each reaction secondary beam 14, and the anchor plate 12 with the inclination sensor 10 is fixed to the anchor pile steel bar 11, so there are four anchor plates 12 in total. As shown in Figure 2, a tilt sensor installation groove 18 is processed in the center of the anchor plate 12, and the tilt sensor 10 is integrated and installed on the anchor plate 12. The inclination sensor 10 is used to monitor the inclination of the anchor pile reaction frame body (specifically the inclination of the reaction secondary beam 14) in real time during the test.
反力次梁14的中线和与之对应的两个锚桩1的中线对齐。枕头15放置于反力次梁14两端顶部与锚桩1对应的位置，拉杆13穿过枕头15与锚盘12，并用螺栓拧紧在锚盘12上。The center line of the reaction secondary beam 14 is aligned with the center lines of the two corresponding anchor piles 1. The pillow 15 is placed at the top of both ends of the reaction secondary beam 14 corresponding to the anchor piles 1, and the pull rod 13 passes through the pillow 15 and the anchor plate 12 and is tightened on the anchor plate 12 with bolts.
基准梁3与地面固定，基准梁3上安装位移计7，位移计7的监测端朝向试桩2，用于实时监测试验过程中试桩2的位移(桩基静载试验时所需监测的数据)。The reference beam 3 is fixed to the ground, and a displacement meter 7 is installed on the reference beam 3. The monitoring end of the displacement meter 7 faces the test pile 2 and is used to monitor the displacement of the test pile 2 in real time during the test (data required to be monitored during the pile foundation static load test).
每个锚桩1的锚桩钢筋11上安装应变计9，用于实时监测试验过程中锚桩钢筋11的应变；应变计9与锚桩钢筋11通过粘贴或者其他方式连接。作为一种示例，在每个锚桩1的多根锚桩钢筋11上均安装有应变计9，监测锚桩1上不同位置处锚桩钢筋11的应变。作为一种示例，在沿锚桩1的中心对称的两根锚桩钢筋11上安装应变计9，因此共设置8个应变计9。A strain gauge 9 is installed on the anchor reinforcement 11 of each anchor pile 1 to monitor the strain of the anchor reinforcement 11 in real time during the test; the strain gauge 9 is connected to the anchor reinforcement 11 by gluing or other means. As an example, strain gauges 9 are installed on multiple anchor reinforcements 11 of each anchor pile 1 to monitor the strain of the anchor reinforcement 11 at different positions on the anchor pile 1. As an example, strain gauges 9 are installed on two anchor reinforcements 11 symmetrically along the center of the anchor pile 1, so a total of 8 strain gauges 9 are set.
上述位移计7、力传感器8、应变计9和倾角传感器10分别与声学报警模块17(如采用安装有声学报警器16的主机箱)连接，用于将检测的信号发送给声学报警模块17；声学报警模块17中预设试验前确定的反力架倾角报警值与锚板钢筋应变报警值，其中锚板钢筋应变报警值可以为锚板钢筋的极限拉应变或临近极限拉应变。作为一种示例，位移计7、倾角传感器10以及力传感器8内置无线传输模块，各传感器采集的监测数据通过无线传输模块实时传入声学报警模块17；当所检测的锚桩反力架本体的倾角或锚桩钢筋拉应变(任意一个应变计9所监测的锚桩钢筋11的拉应变)超过对应的报警值时，声学报警模块17中的声学报警器16报警。The displacement meter 7, force sensor 8, strain gauge 9 and inclination sensor 10 are respectively connected to the acoustic alarm module 17 (such as a main box equipped with an acoustic alarm 16) to send the detected signal to the acoustic alarm module 17; the acoustic alarm module 17 presets the reaction frame inclination alarm value and the anchor plate steel bar strain alarm value determined before the test, wherein the anchor plate steel bar strain alarm value can be the ultimate tensile strain or near-ultimate tensile strain of the anchor plate steel bar. As an example, the displacement meter 7, the inclination sensor 10 and the force sensor 8 are built-in wireless transmission modules, and the monitoring data collected by each sensor is transmitted to the acoustic alarm module 17 in real time through the wireless transmission module; when the detected inclination of the anchor pile reaction frame body or the tensile strain of the anchor pile steel bar (the tensile strain of the anchor pile steel bar 11 monitored by any strain gauge 9) exceeds the corresponding alarm value, the acoustic alarm 16 in the acoustic alarm module 17 alarms.
作为一种示例，手机端或PC端与声学报警模块17无线连接，由此手机端或PC端也可实时接收各传感器监测的数据以及报警信息，还可以通过手机端或PC端设置声学报警模块17中预设的反力架倾角报警值与锚板钢筋应变报警值。As an example, a mobile phone or PC is wirelessly connected to the acoustic alarm module 17, so that the mobile phone or PC can also receive the data and alarm information monitored by each sensor in real time, and can also set the reaction frame inclination angle alarm value and anchor plate steel bar strain alarm value preset in the acoustic alarm module 17 through the mobile phone or PC.
该装置为锚桩法试验安全设置双道防线，同时检测锚桩反力架本体的倾角与锚桩钢筋的应变(拉应变)，并及时发出预警，保障锚桩法静载试验的安全。The device sets up a double line of defense for the safety of the anchor pile method test. It simultaneously detects the inclination of the anchor pile reaction frame body and the strain (tensile strain) of the anchor pile reinforcement, and issues early warning in time to ensure the safety of the static load test of the anchor pile method.
在实际使用时，当锚桩反力架本体的倾角达到反力架倾角报警值时进行初次报警，此时继续试验，并重点关注应变计9监测的锚桩钢筋11应变，当锚桩钢筋11应变值达到锚板钢筋应变报警值时再次进行报警，且自动控制千斤顶5停止加压。In actual use, when the inclination angle of the anchor pile reaction frame body reaches the reaction frame inclination angle alarm value, the initial alarm is issued. At this time, the test is continued, and the strain of the anchor pile reinforcement 11 monitored by the strain gauge 9 is focused. When the strain value of the anchor pile reinforcement 11 reaches the anchor plate reinforcement strain alarm value, the alarm is issued again, and the jack 5 is automatically controlled to stop pressurizing.
采用该自带安全检测系统的锚桩反力架可保障锚桩法静载试验的安全，能够在其发生崩塌可能险情前发出预警，以便及时采取措施保证人员财产的安全。The anchor pile reaction frame with its own safety detection system can ensure the safety of the static load test using the anchor pile method, and can issue an early warning before a possible collapse occurs, so that timely measures can be taken to ensure the safety of personnel and property.
在该锚桩反力架上安装自带安全检测系统的过程为：The process of installing the self-contained safety detection system on the anchor pile reaction frame is as follows:
第一步：安装力传感器8、位移计7与应变计9Step 1: Install force sensor 8, displacement meter 7 and strain gauge 9
将承压板4放置于试桩2顶面正中央位置，承压板4上部放置千斤顶5，并将力传感器8放置于液压千斤顶油缸顶部；将基准梁3与地面固定，并在基准梁3上安装位移计7；在每个锚桩1对称的两根锚桩钢筋11上安装应变计9，应变计9与锚桩钢筋11通过粘贴或者其他方式连接。Place the pressure plate 4 at the center of the top surface of the test pile 2, place the jack 5 on the top of the pressure plate 4, and place the force sensor 8 on the top of the hydraulic jack cylinder; fix the reference beam 3 to the ground, and install the displacement meter 7 on the reference beam 3; install strain gauges 9 on two symmetrical anchor steel bars 11 of each anchor pile 1, and the strain gauges 9 are connected to the anchor steel bars 11 by gluing or other means.
第二步：安装锚盘12与倾角传感器10Step 2: Install the anchor plate 12 and the tilt sensor 10
锚盘12自带倾角传感器10，将锚盘12与锚桩钢筋11固定。The anchor plate 12 is provided with a tilt sensor 10 , and the anchor plate 12 is fixed to the anchor pile reinforcement 11 .
第三步：安装反力主梁6与反力次梁14Step 3: Install the main reaction beam 6 and the secondary reaction beam 14
先安装反力主梁6，反力主梁6正中心与试桩2正中心对齐，反力主梁6两端设置临时支撑，两道反力次梁14放置于反力主梁6纵向两端，反力次梁14中线与锚桩1中线平行。First, the reaction main beam 6 is installed, and the center of the reaction main beam 6 is aligned with the center of the test pile 2. Temporary supports are set at both ends of the reaction main beam 6. Two reaction secondary beams 14 are placed at the longitudinal ends of the reaction main beam 6. The center line of the reaction secondary beam 14 is parallel to the center line of the anchor pile 1.
第四步：固定拉杆13，连接反力次梁14与锚盘12Step 4: Fix the tie rod 13 and connect the reaction beam 14 and the anchor plate 12
将枕头15放置于反力次梁14两端，拉杆13穿过枕头15与锚盘12，用螺栓拧紧。Place the pillow 15 at both ends of the reaction secondary beam 14, and the pull rod 13 passes through the pillow 15 and the anchor plate 12 and is tightened with bolts.
第五步：设置声学报警模块17的技术参数Step 5: Set the technical parameters of the acoustic alarm module 17
试验前确定反力架倾角报警值与锚板钢筋应变报警值，在声学报警模块17中预设反力架倾角报警值与锚板钢筋应变报警值。Before the test, the reaction frame inclination angle alarm value and the anchor plate steel bar strain alarm value are determined, and the reaction frame inclination angle alarm value and the anchor plate steel bar strain alarm value are preset in the acoustic alarm module 17.
以上内容是结合具体的实施方式对本实用新型所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本实用新型的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本实用新型所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本实用新型构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换，都应当视为属于本实用新型的保护范围。The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific implementation methods, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.
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