CN221081094U

CN221081094U - Motor with split labyrinth structure, power assembly and electric vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN221081094U
Application number: CN202322556617.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 田野; 杨力镔; 余添龙; 杨研
Original assignee: Huawei Digital Power Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Digital Power Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-09-20
Filing date: 2023-09-20
Publication date: 2024-06-04
Anticipated expiration: 2033-09-20

Abstract

The application provides a motor with a split labyrinth structure, a power assembly and an electric vehicle. The wiring cover plate comprises an oil blocking boss, and the oil blocking boss protrudes towards the motor end cover along the axial direction of the motor. The cover plate fixing boss comprises a groove structure and an air vent, the notch of the groove structure faces to the oil blocking boss along the axial direction of the motor, the air vent is used for fixing the ventilation valve, and the oil blocking boss is used for blocking oil mist from being accumulated in the ventilation valve through the air vent. The groove structure is used for communicating the inner sides of the ventilation holes and the cover plate fixing boss along the radial direction of the motor, and the groove structure is also used for accommodating the oil retaining boss. According to the application, the oil blocking boss is matched with the air holes, so that the requirements of ventilation and oil blocking are met, the accumulation and leakage of cooling oil can be avoided, the utilization rate of the cooling oil can be improved, and the heat dissipation effect can be enhanced.

Description

Motor with split labyrinth structure, power assembly and electric vehicle

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of motors, in particular to a motor with a split labyrinth structure, a power assembly and an electric vehicle.

Background

The powertrain typically includes a motor, a motor controller, and a decelerator. In the new energy automobile industry, the power assembly is a power source of the whole automobile and plays an important role in the running process of the automobile. When the power assembly is in a working state, more heat is generated in the power assembly, so that internal gas is heated and expanded, and therefore, a ventilation valve is required to be arranged in the power assembly, and the balance of internal and external air pressure is ensured. Meanwhile, in order to avoid the overhigh internal temperature of the power assembly, cooling oil is usually introduced to cool and dissipate heat of the heating device. The cooling oil can evaporate into oil mist at high temperature, and the oil mist is easy to accumulate on the breather valve, so that the breather valve cannot ventilate. When the oil mist that the breather valve piled up is more, still probably lead to the seepage of cooling oil, and then reduce the utilization ratio of cooling oil, weaken the radiating effect.

Disclosure of utility model

The application provides a motor with a split labyrinth structure, a power assembly and an electric vehicle.

In a first aspect, the application provides a motor with a split labyrinth structure, the motor comprises a motor end cover and a wiring cover plate, the motor end cover and the wiring cover plate are axially arranged along the motor, the motor end cover comprises a cover plate fixing boss, the cover plate fixing boss protrudes towards the wiring cover plate along the motor axial direction, and the cover plate fixing boss is used for fixing the wiring cover plate. The wiring cover plate comprises an oil blocking boss, and the oil blocking boss protrudes towards the motor end cover along the axial direction of the motor. The cover plate fixing boss comprises a groove structure and an air vent, the notch of the groove structure faces the oil retaining boss along the axial direction of the motor, the air vent is used for fixing the air ventilation valve, the groove structure is used for communicating the air vent and the cover plate fixing boss along the radial inner side of the motor, and the groove structure is further used for accommodating the oil retaining boss.

In the embodiment of the application, the motor end cover comprises a cover plate fixing boss, the air holes and the groove structures are positioned on the cover plate fixing boss, the air holes are used for installing the air ventilation valves, and the air holes are communicated with the inner side of the cover plate fixing boss through the groove structures along the radial direction of the motor. After the inside gas of motor is influenced by the device that generates heat and expands, gets into the space between wiring apron and the motor end cover, bleeder vent and breather valve can balance the inside and outside atmospheric pressure of motor, and the volume expanded gas can leave the motor through groove structure, bleeder vent and breather valve in proper order, avoids high atmospheric pressure to cause mechanical damage to the motor. The inner side of the cover plate fixing boss is the side, away from the vent holes, of the cover plate fixing boss along the radial direction of the motor.

In the embodiment of the application, the wiring cover plate comprises the oil blocking boss, the protruding direction of the oil blocking boss faces to the notch of the groove structure, and part of the oil blocking boss is positioned in the groove structure. In order to realize the temperature rise control to the internal device of motor, need let in the cooling oil in the motor, partial cooling oil can form the oil mist under high temperature environment, the oil mist is at the in-process that moves to the bleeder vent along with the gas of inflation, need pass through the labyrinth structure that forms jointly by groove structure and fender oily boss, compared with gas, the density of oil mist is great and the easier cooling condensation becomes liquid, consequently keep off oily boss and can form the blocking to the removal of oil mist, reduce the accumulation of cooling oil in bleeder vent and breather valve, avoid the breather valve to block up, and the gas of inflation then can bypass labyrinth structure and get into in the bleeder vent. Even if a small part of oil mist enters the vent holes, after the oil mist is condensed into cooling oil, the cooling oil can flow back to the inner side of the motor along the inner wall of the groove structure, so that the recycling of the cooling oil is realized.

In the embodiment of the application, the oil retaining boss and the groove structure are respectively positioned on two different structures of the wiring cover plate and the motor end cover, namely the oil retaining boss and the groove structure form a split labyrinth structure. Because the labyrinth structure usually involves a plurality of spare parts and alternately or imbeds, be difficult to arrange labyrinth structure on a single casing, even can keep off oily boss and recess structure design as the labyrinth structure of integral type, the degree of difficulty of processing manufacturing will also increase, because receive the restriction of die casting technology when casting integral type labyrinth structure, relatively easily produce casting defect, be difficult to realize in industry volume production. The oil retaining boss and the groove structure in the embodiment of the application can be respectively processed, the die drawing difficulty is small, the industrial mass production is easy to realize, and the practicability is high. The split labyrinth structure can be flexibly adjusted according to the structure and arrangement characteristics of the ventilation holes and the adjacent devices, and the structure limit is small.

In addition, the cover plate fixing boss of the motor end cover is used for fixing the wiring cover plate, the groove structure and the air holes are also formed in the cover plate fixing boss, a plurality of functions are integrated in the motor end cover, the number of structural members in the motor can be reduced, the manufacturing cost and the size of the motor are further reduced, and the motor end cover is favorable for realizing the miniaturization design of the power assembly, so that the whole vehicle layout is optimized.

It should be noted that, when the motor is applied to the power assembly, if the ventilation holes are arranged on the end cover of the speed reducer, the cooling oil may be thrown to the ventilation holes after flowing through the gear assembly due to the high-speed rotation state of the gear assembly in the speed reducer during operation, and the mutually meshed gear assemblies also generate heat, which also causes the problem that oil mist blocks the ventilation holes, so that the difficulty of balancing the internal and external air pressures is suddenly increased. The breather hole provided by the embodiment of the application is positioned on the motor end cover, so that the problem of oil throwing of the gear assembly can be avoided, the accumulated oil in the breather hole is reduced, and the air flow in the breather hole is ensured to be smooth.

The embodiment of the application comprises the following steps of: the breather hole positioned on the motor end cover is used for installing the breather valve, the breather hole, the groove structure and the inner side of the cover plate fixing boss are sequentially communicated, so that heated and expanded gas can be discharged out of the motor, the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the motor is reduced, the breather hole is far away from a gear and other high-speed rotating devices, and splashing cooling oil can be prevented from entering the breather hole. The groove structure is used for containing the oil retaining boss, the groove structure and the oil retaining boss form a split labyrinth structure, the labyrinth structure can prevent oil mist formed by heating cooling oil from entering the air holes, cooling oil is prevented from piling up and leaking in the air holes, meanwhile, oil in the air holes can flow back in time through the groove structure due to the fact that the groove structure is communicated with the air holes, the motor is cooled again, and the utilization rate of the cooling oil is improved. The labyrinth structure is split, which is beneficial to reducing the processing and manufacturing difficulty and is easy to realize mass production in industry.

In one embodiment, the groove width along the radial groove structure of the motor is greater than the length of the oil retaining boss, the groove width along the circumferential groove structure of the motor is greater than the length of the oil retaining boss, and the groove width along the circumferential groove structure of the motor is greater than the groove width along the radial groove structure of the motor.

In the embodiment of the application, the groove width of the groove structure is larger than the length of the oil baffle boss in the radial direction of the motor and the circumferential direction of the motor, so that the groove structure can conveniently accommodate the oil baffle boss, and abrasion of the groove structure and the oil baffle boss is avoided when the motor end cover and the wiring cover plate are installed. The groove width of the groove structure along the radial direction of the motor is smaller than the groove width along the circumferential direction of the motor, the groove width of the groove structure along the radial direction of the motor is relatively smaller, the moving paths of gas and cooling oil are shortened, and the difficulty of ventilation and oil return at the labyrinth structure is reduced.

In one embodiment, the groove structure includes an outer groove wall and an inner groove wall, the inner groove wall is arranged on the inner side of the outer groove wall along the radial direction of the motor, two ends of the outer groove wall along the circumferential direction of the motor are respectively connected with two ends of the inner groove wall, and the outer groove wall is used for fixing the wiring cover plate. The motor radial ventilation holes penetrate through the outer groove wall, the motor radial inner groove wall, the oil baffle boss and the outer groove wall are sequentially arranged at intervals, and the motor axial oil baffle boss is spaced from the ventilation holes.

In the embodiment of the application, the outer side groove wall and the inner side groove wall are connected along the circumferential direction of the motor, and the outer side groove wall and the inner side groove wall enclose a groove structure. Along the radial direction of the motor, the inner side groove wall is positioned at one side of the outer side groove wall far away from the ventilation holes. The air holes penetrate through the inner side and the outer side of the outer side groove wall, so that the air holes are communicated with the groove structure, and air circulation and cooling oil backflow are facilitated. The oil baffle boss has gaps with the outer side groove wall and the inner side groove wall in the radial direction of the motor, so that cooling oil in the air holes can flow back to the inner side of the cover plate fixing boss through the gaps between the oil baffle boss and the groove structure, and gas can also move to the air holes through the gaps. The oil baffle boss is mainly used for blocking the cooling oil from flowing to the air holes, and the oil baffle boss and the air holes are arranged at intervals on the motor shaft, so that the oil baffle boss can not block the cooling oil flowing out of the air holes.

In one embodiment, the projection of the oil baffle boss along the radial direction of the motor overlaps with the projection of the air vent, and the draft angle of the outer surface of the oil baffle boss along the radial direction of the motor is greater than the draft angle of the inner surface of the oil baffle boss. In the embodiment of the application, although the cooling oil flowing out of the air holes can fall on the outer surface of the oil baffle boss along the radial direction of the motor, for the oil baffle boss, the draft angle of the outer surface is larger than that of the inner surface, so that the cooling oil can flow to the groove structure under the guidance of the outer surface of the oil baffle boss. In addition, the projection of the oil baffle boss in the radial direction of the motor is overlapped with the projection part of the air holes, which shows that the length of the oil baffle boss along the axial direction of the motor is longer, the contact area of the oil baffle boss and oil mist is increased, and the oil baffle effect is improved.

In one embodiment, a gap is arranged between the inner groove wall and the wiring cover plate along the axial direction of the motor, and the gap is used for communicating the inside of the groove structure and the inner side of the inner groove wall along the radial direction of the motor. In the embodiment of the application, the oil mist is condensed into cooling oil in the ventilation holes and then flows to the inner side groove wall of the groove structure. A gap is formed between the inner side groove wall and the wiring cover plate along the axial direction of the motor, so that cooling oil can continuously flow to the inner side of the inner side groove wall along the radial direction of the motor through the gap, and gas positioned on the inner side of the inner side groove wall can also move to the air holes through the gap, thereby being beneficial to ensuring smooth oil paths and air paths.

In one embodiment, the length of the outer slot wall is greater than the length of the inner slot wall along the motor circumference, and the thickness of the outer slot wall is greater than the thickness of the inner slot wall along the motor radial direction. The outside slot wall is recessed away from the inside slot wall along the radial direction of the motor. The average radius of curvature of the outer groove wall is smaller than the average radius of curvature of the inner groove wall.

In the embodiment of the application, the circumferential length of the outer side groove wall is longer than that of the inner side groove wall, so that the two ends of the outer side groove wall along the circumferential direction of the motor are conveniently connected with the inner side groove wall. The outside cell wall is used for being fixed with the wiring apron, and the radial thickness of outside cell wall is greater than the radial thickness of inboard cell wall, can provide sufficient space for installation wiring apron on the outside cell wall. Meanwhile, as the contact area between the outer groove wall and the wiring cover plate is large, the connection stability of the cover plate fixing boss and the wiring cover plate is enhanced, and further, the fact that the oil blocking boss and the groove structure are not easy to generate relative displacement is ensured, and the labyrinth structure can stably play the roles of ventilation and oil blocking.

In the embodiment of the application, the groove structure is required to contain the oil retaining boss, and gaps are reserved between the oil retaining boss and the groove structure along the radial direction of the motor and the circumferential direction of the motor, so that the size of the groove structure is required. The outside cell wall is sunken along the radial inboard cell wall that deviates from of motor, and the crooked degree of outside cell wall is greater than the crooked degree of inboard cell wall for the space in the groove structure is enough to hold and keeps off oily boss, avoids groove structure and keeps off oily boss and take place wearing and tearing.

In one embodiment, the end face of the groove wall facing the wiring cover plate along the axial inner side of the motor is a blank face, and the end face of the groove wall facing the wiring cover plate along the axial outer side of the motor is a machining face. The blank surface is a surface formed after die casting, the inner wall of the blank surface has no cutting trace, the inner wall of the machined surface has cutting trace, and the surface roughness of the blank surface is larger than that of the machined surface. The surface roughness means that the surface has smaller pitch and unevenness of minute peaks and valleys, and the smaller the surface roughness is, the smoother the surface is.

In the embodiment of the application, the outer side groove wall is fixedly connected with the wiring cover plate, the end face of the outer side groove wall, which faces the wiring cover plate along the axial direction of the motor, is a machining surface, and the surface roughness of the machining surface is small, so that the outer side groove wall and the wiring cover plate can be tightly attached, and the connection strength and the assembly precision of the outer side groove wall and the wiring cover plate are improved. And the inboard cell wall need not be connected with the wiring apron, because easily produces the gas pocket in the die-casting part simultaneously, if carry out the machine tooling to the terminal surface of inboard cell wall along motor axial towards the wiring apron, the cutting operation can lead to exposing certain gas pocket, when the cooling oil flows to inboard cell wall, in the possible inlet port for the cooling oil can't in time obtain recycle. According to the embodiment of the application, the end face of the inner side groove wall, which faces the wiring cover plate along the axial direction of the motor, is a blank surface, so that cooling oil can be prevented from flowing into the air holes, and the utilization rate of the cooling oil is improved.

In one embodiment, the draft angle of the outer surface of the inner slot wall is greater than the draft angle of the inner surface of the inner slot wall along the radial direction of the motor, and the draft angle of the outer surface of the inner slot wall is greater than the draft angle of the inner surface of the outer slot wall along the radial direction of the motor. In the embodiment of the application, the outer surface and the inner surface of the inner side groove wall along the radial direction of the motor respectively play roles of oil guiding and oil blocking. The inner side groove wall faces the ventilation holes along the radial outer surface of the motor, and the cooling oil flowing out of the ventilation holes firstly flows to the outer surface of the inner side groove wall. The inner surface of the inner side groove wall along the radial direction of the motor is away from the vent holes, and the oil mist can sequentially contact the inner surface of the inner side groove wall and the oil blocking boss in the process of leading to the vent holes. In the radial direction of the motor, the draft angle of the outer surface of the inner side groove wall is larger than that of the inner surface of the inner side groove wall and larger than that of the inner surface of the outer side groove wall, so that oil can flow to the inner side of the motor quickly. The draft angle of the inner surface of the inner side groove wall is relatively small, so that the oil mist is difficult to move towards the ventilation holes.

In one embodiment, the draft angle of the outer surface of the radially inner slot wall of the motor has a value greater than or equal to 3 ° and less than or equal to 5 °. In the embodiment of the application, the value of the draft angle of the outer surface of the inner side groove wall is in the range of 3-5 degrees, so that the outer surface of the inner side groove wall is beneficial to guiding oil to quickly flow to the inner side of the motor.

In an embodiment, the wiring cover plate further comprises an oil blocking rib protruding towards the motor end cover along the motor axial direction, wherein the oil blocking rib, the inner side groove wall and the oil blocking boss are sequentially arranged at intervals along the motor radial direction, and the projection of the oil blocking rib and the projection of the inner side groove wall or the outer side groove wall at least partially overlap along the motor radial direction.

In the embodiment of the application, the oil baffle boss and the oil baffle rib are both protruded towards the motor end cover along the motor axial direction, and the oil baffle rib, the groove structure and the oil baffle boss form a labyrinth structure together. In motor radial direction, inboard cell wall is located keeps off between oil rib and the fender oil boss, keeps off the projection of oil rib and the projection of inboard cell wall or outside cell wall at least partially overlap, and the oil mist needs to contact in proper order and keeps off oil rib, inboard cell wall, keeps off oil boss and outside cell wall, just can get into the bleeder vent, and labyrinth structure has increased the degree of difficulty that the oil mist got into the bleeder vent.

In one embodiment, the length of the oil dam along the motor circumference is greater than the length of the oil dam boss, and the length of the oil dam along the motor circumference is greater than the groove width of the groove structure along the motor circumference. In the embodiment of the application, the length of the oil baffle rib is longer than the length of the oil baffle boss and longer than the groove width of the groove structure in the circumferential direction of the motor. The groove structure is used for accommodating the oil retaining boss, the circumferential length of the oil retaining boss is relatively small, and the oil retaining boss and the groove structure are convenient to be arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the motor. The oil baffle ribs are not located in the groove structures, so that the circumferential length of the oil baffle ribs is not limited by the circumferential length of the groove structures. The oil baffle ribs and the inner side groove walls are arranged along the radial direction of the motor, cooling oil flows to the oil baffle ribs under the guidance of the inner side groove walls, the circumferential length of the oil baffle ribs is relatively large, the oil baffle ribs are favorable for bearing the cooling oil flowing down from the inner side groove walls, and the flow direction of the cooling oil is further guided.

In one embodiment, the wiring cover plate further comprises an oil guiding groove, wherein the oil guiding groove is arranged between the oil blocking boss and the oil blocking rib, the oil guiding groove is recessed back to the motor end cover, and the oil guiding groove is arranged opposite to the gap between the inner groove wall and the oil blocking boss along the axial direction of the motor. In the embodiment of the application, the cooling oil has inertia when flowing on the inner side groove wall, and after the cooling oil leaves the inner side groove wall, the inertia can enable the cooling oil to continuously enter a gap between the inner side groove wall and the oil baffle boss along the axial direction of the motor, and the oil guide groove and the gap are oppositely arranged along the axial direction of the motor, so that the oil guide groove is positioned on a reflux path of the cooling oil, and is beneficial to guiding the flow direction of the cooling oil.

In one embodiment, the oil retaining boss, the oil retaining rib and the oil guide groove are all integrally formed. The embodiment of the application is beneficial to improving the structural strength of the oil blocking boss, the oil blocking rib and the oil guide groove, prolonging the service life of the wiring cover plate and ensuring that the labyrinth structure stably plays roles of blocking oil mist, recovering oil liquid and balancing air pressure for a long time.

In one embodiment, the wiring cover plate comprises two oil guide grooves, one of the oil guide grooves is connected with the oil blocking boss along the radial direction of the motor, the other oil guide groove is connected with the oil blocking rib, and the two oil guide grooves are recessed away from the motor end cover along the axial direction of the motor. In the embodiment of the application, the two oil guide grooves are used as a transition structure between the oil baffle boss and the oil baffle rib, so that cooling oil on the inner side groove wall can be guided to flow to the oil baffle rib.

In one embodiment, the surfaces of the oil baffle boss and the oil baffle rib are blank surfaces. The inner surface of the groove wall along the radial outer side of the motor, the inner surface of the groove wall and the outer surface of the groove wall are blank surfaces.

In the embodiment of the application, the blank surface has no cutting mark, so that the air holes in the blank surface are not exposed due to cutting, and the blank surface is suitable for the surface through which cooling oil flows. On the wiring apron, the oil mist can with keep off the oil boss and keep off the surface contact of oil rib, the cooling oil that flows from the bleeder vent can with keep off the surface contact of oil rib, keep off the oil boss and keep off the surface of oil rib and be the blank face, can avoid cooling oil to ooze into in the wiring apron through the gas pocket, be favorable to reducing the loss of cooling oil. Similarly, on the motor end cover, the inner surface of the groove wall at the radial outer side of the motor, the inner surface and the outer surface of the groove wall at the inner side can be contacted with at least one of oil liquid and oil mist, and the blank surface is favorable for preventing cooling oil from penetrating into the motor end cover. Because the surfaces of the oil retaining boss and the oil retaining rib, the inner surface of the groove wall along the radial outer side of the motor, and the inner surface and the outer surface of the groove wall of the inner side are not fixedly connected with other devices, the surfaces are not subjected to cutting operation, and the structural stability of the motor is not negatively influenced.

In one embodiment, the motor end cover further comprises a motor shaft hole and a three-phase line fixing hole, the motor shaft hole and the three-phase line fixing hole penetrate through the motor end cover along the motor shaft direction, the motor shaft hole is used for accommodating a motor shaft, the three-phase line fixing hole is used for fixing a connecting piece between a winding of the motor and the motor controller, and the cover plate fixing boss surrounds the outer sides of the motor shaft hole and the three-phase line fixing hole. The projection of the wiring cover plate along the axial direction of the motor covers the area surrounded by the cover plate fixing boss. The groove width of the groove structure along the circumferential direction of the motor is smaller than the inner diameter of the motor shaft hole.

According to the embodiment of the application, the motor shaft hole, the three-phase line fixing hole and the cover plate fixing boss are integrated in the motor end cover, so that the arrangement is regular and compact, the volume of the motor end cover is saved, the motor layout is further optimized, and the lightweight design of the motor is realized.

In the embodiment of the application, the outer groove wall of the cover plate fixing boss is used for being fixed with the wiring cover plate, and the projection of the wiring cover plate in the axial direction of the motor covers the area surrounded by the cover plate fixing boss, so that devices and structures in the area surrounded by the cover plate fixing boss can be protected.

In the embodiment of the application, the groove structure is used as a part of the labyrinth structure and mainly plays roles of oil return and exhaust, the groove width of the groove structure in the circumferential direction of the motor is relatively smaller, excessive residual cooling oil can be prevented from adhering to the inner wall of the groove structure, the moving paths of the cooling oil and the gas are shortened, the difficulty of oil return and exhaust is reduced, and meanwhile, the occupied volume of the groove structure on the motor end cover is reduced. The inner diameter of the motor shaft hole is relatively large, so that the motor shaft hole can meet the requirement of accommodating a motor shaft.

In one embodiment, the projection of the wiring cover along the motor axis covers the motor shaft bore, the three phase wire fixing bore, and the groove structure. In the embodiment of the application, the wiring cover plate can protect the connecting piece, the motor winding and the motor shaft from external environment, prevent impurities from entering the motor shaft hole, the three-phase line fixing hole and the groove structure, reduce negative influence on the electric connection and transmission process in the motor, and simultaneously prevent the impurities from entering the ventilation holes or the inner side of the inner side groove wall along the radial direction of the motor by mixing cooling oil.

In one embodiment, the motor end cover further comprises a rotation fixing boss protruding towards the wiring cover plate along the motor axial direction, wherein the rotation fixing boss is used for fixing the rotation sensor, and the rotation fixing boss, the inner side groove wall of the groove structure and the outer side groove wall of the groove structure are sequentially arranged along the motor radial direction. Along the motor axial direction, the projection of the oil retaining rib of the wiring cover plate is overlapped with the projection part of the rotary-change fixing boss.

In the embodiment of the application, the rotary-change fixing boss and the cover plate fixing boss are both protruded towards the wiring cover plate along the axial direction of the motor, wherein the rotary-change fixing boss is used for fixing the rotary-change sensor, and the rotary-change sensor is used for monitoring the rotating speed of the motor shaft so as to control the rotating speed of the motor shaft, thereby improving the safety performance of the power assembly and the electric vehicle. The rotary-change fixing boss, the inner side groove wall of the groove structure and the outer side groove wall of the groove structure are sequentially arranged along the radial direction of the motor, and the rotary-change fixing boss and the rotary-change sensor are located in the area surrounded by the cover plate fixing boss, so that the wiring cover plate can play a role in protecting the rotary-change sensor.

In the embodiment of the application, the oil baffle rib and the groove structure are part of a labyrinth structure, the oil baffle rib and the groove structure are arranged along the radial direction of the motor, the rotary-change fixing boss and the groove structure are positioned on the motor end cover, and the projection of the oil baffle rib along the axial direction of the motor is overlapped with the projection part of the rotary-change fixing boss, so that the rotary-change fixing boss and the groove structure are compactly distributed along the radial direction of the motor, and the volume of the motor end cover is reduced.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a power assembly, where the power assembly includes a motor controller and a motor according to any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, and the motor further includes a motor housing, where the motor housing and the motor end cover form a motor accommodating cavity, where the motor accommodating cavity is used to accommodate a motor winding, where the motor controller is used to convert direct current into alternating current and provide the alternating current to the motor winding, and where a connection between the motor controller and the motor winding is fixed in a three-phase line fixing hole of the motor end cover.

In an embodiment of the application, the motor controller is configured to transmit electrical energy to the motor, and the motor is configured to receive the electrical energy and convert the electrical energy to mechanical energy. The motor controller is connected with the motor winding through a connecting piece, converts direct current into alternating current, and then transmits the alternating current to the motor winding through the connecting piece. In the motor, the motor housing and the motor end cover enclose a synthetic motor accommodating cavity which can protect internal devices of the motor. The motor according to any one of the embodiments of the first aspect is applied to a power assembly, and the labyrinth structure of the motor can play roles in ventilation, oil return and oil blocking, so that leakage of cooling oil is unlikely to occur in the power assembly, the heat dissipation effect of the cooling oil on the power assembly is enhanced, and the working efficiency of the power assembly is improved.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electric vehicle, including a vehicle body, a battery pack, wheels, and a power assembly according to the second aspect, the vehicle body being configured to fix the battery pack and the power assembly, the battery pack being configured to provide direct current to a motor controller, the motor being configured to drive the wheels, and a height of the ventilation holes along a gravitational direction being greater than a height of a motor shaft hole of the motor.

In the embodiment of the application, the cooling oil flows from the ventilation holes to the labyrinth structure. When the motor is applied to a vehicle scene, because the flow of the cooling oil is influenced by gravity, the ventilation holes are required to be arranged to be higher than the motor shaft holes along the gravity direction, so that the flow path of the cooling oil between the ventilation holes and the motor shaft holes conforms to the gravity direction, and the flow resistance is reduced. In addition, the air holes are higher than the motor shaft holes along the gravity direction, so that the cooling oil can be prevented from flowing backwards, and the risk of oil leakage is reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly describe the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be described below.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a powertrain according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of an electric motor provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion N1 of the motor shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a motor end cap according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a patch panel according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged partial view of the portion N2 of the motor end cap of FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of a motor end cap and wiring cover plate provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9 is a partial enlarged view of a portion N3 of the wiring cover plate shown in fig. 6.

Detailed Description

The following description of the technical solutions according to the embodiments of the present application will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments.

In this document, directional terms "upper", "lower", etc. are defined with respect to the orientation in which the structure is schematically disposed in the drawings, and it should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts that are used for description and clarity with respect thereto, and that may be varied accordingly with respect to the orientation in which the structure is disposed.

Furthermore, references herein to "an embodiment" or "an implementation" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or implementation may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those of skill in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

For convenience of understanding, the following description will explain and describe related technical terms related to the embodiments of the present application.

Draft angle: refers to the angle of the die to the face of the molded part of the die.

Surface roughness: refers to the small pitch and the unevenness of the minute peaks and valleys that the surface has.

And (3) vertical: the vertical defined in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to an absolute vertical intersection (the included angle is 90 degrees), and allows a small angle range of error, for example, an assembly error range ranging from 80 degrees to 100 degrees, to be understood as a vertical relationship in a relation other than an absolute vertical intersection due to factors such as assembly tolerance, design tolerance, and structural flatness.

The existing motor has the problems that cooling oil is easy to leak and the utilization rate of the cooling oil is low. The embodiment of the application provides a motor with a split labyrinth structure, which comprises a motor end cover and a wiring cover plate, wherein the motor end cover and the wiring cover plate are axially arranged along the motor, the motor end cover comprises a cover plate fixing boss, the cover plate fixing boss protrudes towards the wiring cover plate along the motor axial direction, and the cover plate fixing boss is used for fixing the wiring cover plate. The wiring cover plate comprises an oil blocking boss, and the oil blocking boss protrudes towards the motor end cover along the axial direction of the motor. The cover plate fixing boss comprises a groove structure and an air vent, the notch of the groove structure faces to the oil blocking boss along the axial direction of the motor, the air vent is used for fixing the ventilation valve, and the oil blocking boss is used for blocking oil mist from being accumulated in the ventilation valve through the air vent. The groove structure is used for communicating the inner sides of the ventilation holes and the cover plate fixing boss along the radial direction of the motor, and the groove structure is also used for accommodating the oil retaining boss to form a labyrinth structure. According to the embodiment of the application, the oil retaining boss and the groove structure form a labyrinth structure, and the labyrinth structure is matched with the air holes, so that the accumulation and leakage of cooling oil in the air holes can be avoided on the premise of not affecting the air circulation, the utilization rate of the cooling oil is improved, and the heat dissipation effect is enhanced.

The motor provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to a power assembly, and the power assembly comprising the motor provided by the application can be applied to an electric vehicle.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle 1 according to an embodiment of the application, in one embodiment, the electric vehicle 1 includes a vehicle body 20, a battery pack 30, wheels 40 and a power assembly 10, wherein the vehicle body 20 is used for fixing the battery pack 30 and the power assembly 10, and the power assembly 10 is used for receiving power supplied by the battery pack 30 and driving the wheels 40. In the embodiment of the present application, the electric vehicle 1 refers to a wheeled apparatus that is driven or towed by a power device. The battery pack 30 is also referred to as a power battery.

Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a powertrain 10 according to an embodiment of the present application, in which the powertrain 10 includes a motor controller 200 and a motor 100, a battery pack is used to provide dc power to the motor controller 200, and the motor controller 200 is used to convert the dc power into ac power and provide ac power to the motor 100. In one embodiment, the powertrain 10 further includes a speed reducer 300, the motor 100 is in driving connection with the speed reducer 300, the motor 100 is configured to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy for transmission to the speed reducer 300, and the speed reducer 300 receives the mechanical energy to drive the wheels 40 to rotate.

During the running process of the vehicle, the motor 100 in the power assembly 10 generates heat, so as to avoid the expansion of internal gas, a ventilation valve is required to be installed to balance the internal pressure and the external pressure, and meanwhile, in order to avoid the overhigh temperature of the internal devices of the power assembly 10, cooling oil is required to be introduced to cool the heating devices. The cooling oil is easy to be converted into oil mist at high temperature, and if the oil mist is accumulated in the air-permeable valve, the air-permeable valve is blocked, and the cooling oil is possibly leaked out of the air-permeable valve.

According to the embodiment of the application, through improving the motor, the requirements of oil blocking and ventilation are met, the blocking of the ventilation valve and the leakage of cooling oil are avoided, and the utilization rate of the cooling oil is improved.

The motor 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail.

Referring to fig. 3 to 6, fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of an electric motor 100 according to an embodiment of the present application, fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view of an N1 portion of the electric motor 100 shown in fig. 3, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an end cover 110 of the electric motor according to an embodiment of the present application, and fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a patch cover 120 according to an embodiment of the present application.

In one embodiment, the motor 100 includes a motor end cover 110 and a wiring cover 120 (as shown in fig. 5 and 6), the motor end cover 110 and the wiring cover 120 are aligned along a motor axial direction O (as shown in fig. 3 and 4), the motor end cover 110 includes a cover fixing boss 111 (as shown in fig. 4 and 5), the cover fixing boss 111 protrudes toward the wiring cover 120 along the motor axial direction O (as shown in fig. 4), and the cover fixing boss 111 serves to fix the wiring cover 120. The wiring cover 120 includes an oil blocking boss 121 (as shown in fig. 4 and 6), and the oil blocking boss 121 protrudes toward the motor end cover 110 along the motor axial direction O (as shown in fig. 4). The cover plate fixing boss 111 includes a groove structure 1111 and an air vent 1112 (as shown in fig. 4 and 5), the notch of the groove structure 1111 faces the oil blocking boss 121 (as shown in fig. 4) along the axial direction O of the motor, the air vent 1112 is used for fixing the air vent 130 (as shown in fig. 3), the groove structure 1111 is used for communicating the air vent 1112 and the inner side of the cover plate fixing boss 111 along the radial direction R of the motor (as shown in fig. 4), and the groove structure 1111 is also used for accommodating the oil blocking boss 121 to form a labyrinth structure M (as shown in fig. 3).

Wherein the electric machine 100 is used to convert electric energy into mechanical energy. Specifically, in one embodiment, the motor 100 further includes a motor housing 101, a motor shaft 140, a motor stator 150, a motor rotor 160, and a motor winding 170 (as shown in fig. 2 and 3), wherein alternating magnetic flux is generated by the motor winding 170 after alternating current is supplied to the motor winding 170, and interaction between the alternating magnetic flux generated by the motor winding 170 and permanent magnetic flux generated by the motor rotor 160 causes the motor rotor 160 to rotate relative to the motor stator 150, the motor rotor 160 is fixedly connected with the motor shaft 140, such that the motor shaft 140 follows the motor rotor 160 to rotate, the motor stator 150 is rotationally connected with the motor shaft 140, such that the motor shaft 140 can rotate relative to the motor stator 150, electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy, and an output end of the motor shaft 140 is used for transmitting the mechanical energy.

In an embodiment of the present application, the motor end cap 110 is used to cover an opening of the motor housing 101 (as shown in fig. 2 and 3), and the motor end cap 110 and the motor housing 101 form a motor accommodating cavity for accommodating the motor shaft 140, the motor stator 150, the motor rotor 160 and the motor windings 170. Along the motor axial direction O, the motor end cover 110 is fixedly connected with the wiring cover 120 through the cover plate fixing boss 111. A space is formed between the wiring cover plate 120 and the motor end cover 110, and an electronic device is arranged on the end surface of the motor end cover 110 facing away from the motor rotor 160, the wiring cover plate 120 is used for sealing the electronic device between the motor end cover 110 and the wiring cover plate 120, the wiring cover plate 120 is also used for sealing a motor shaft hole, and the electronic device comprises a rotation sensor, a grounding copper sheet, a three-phase line used for connecting the motor winding 170 and the like. The space between the wiring cover plate 120 and the motor end cover 110 is communicated with the inner cavity of the motor 100 for accommodating the motor stator 150 and the motor rotor 160 through the motor shaft hole, so that the cooling oil in the motor accommodation can enter the space between the wiring cover plate 120 and the motor end cover 110 through the motor shaft hole after being heated and vaporized.

In the embodiment of the present application, the motor end cover 110 includes a cover plate fixing boss 111, the air vent 1112 and the groove structure 1111 are located on the cover plate fixing boss 111, the air vent 1112 is used for installing the air vent 130, and the air vent 1112 is communicated with the inner side of the cover plate fixing boss 111 through the groove structure 1111 along the motor radial direction R. After the gas in the motor 100 is affected by the heating device and expands into the space between the wiring cover plate 120 and the motor end cover 110, the air holes 1112 and the air-permeable valve 130 can balance the air pressure inside and outside the motor 100, and the gas with volume expansion can leave the motor 100 through the groove structure 1111, the air holes 1112 and the air-permeable valve 130 in sequence, so that the mechanical damage to the motor 100 caused by high air pressure is avoided. The inner side of the cover plate fixing boss 111 refers to the side of the cover plate fixing boss 111 away from the ventilation hole 1112 along the radial direction R of the motor.

In the embodiment of the present application, the wiring cover 120 includes the oil blocking boss 121, the protruding direction of the oil blocking boss 121 faces the notch of the groove structure 1111, and part of the oil blocking boss 121 is located in the groove structure 1111. In order to realize temperature rise control to the internal components of the motor 100, cooling oil is required to be introduced into the motor 100, part of the cooling oil forms oil mist under a high-temperature environment, the oil mist is required to pass through a labyrinth structure M formed by a groove structure 1111 and an oil blocking boss 121 together in the process of moving to the ventilation hole 1112 along with the expanded gas, compared with the gas, the oil mist has higher density and is easier to cool and condense into liquid, so that the oil blocking boss 121 can block the movement of the oil mist, the accumulation of the cooling oil in the ventilation hole 1112 and the ventilation valve 130 is reduced, the ventilation valve 130 is prevented from being blocked, and the expanded gas can bypass the labyrinth structure M to enter the ventilation hole 1112. Even if a small part of oil mist enters the ventilation holes 1112, after the oil mist is condensed into cooling oil, the cooling oil can flow back to the inner side of the motor 100 along the inner wall of the groove structure 1111, so that the cooling oil can be recycled.

In the embodiment of the present application, the oil blocking boss 121 and the groove structure 1111 are respectively located in two different structures of the wiring cover plate 120 and the motor end cover 110, that is, the oil blocking boss 121 and the groove structure 1111 form a split labyrinth structure M. Since the labyrinth structure M usually involves a plurality of parts to be crossed or embedded, it is difficult to arrange the labyrinth structure M on a single housing, and even if the oil retaining boss 121 and the groove structure 1111 can be designed as an integrated labyrinth structure, the difficulty of processing and manufacturing will be increased, and when the integrated labyrinth structure is cast, casting defects are relatively easy to occur due to the limitation of the die casting process, and it is difficult to realize mass production industrially. The oil retaining boss 121 and the groove structure 1111 in the embodiment of the application can be respectively processed, the die drawing difficulty is small, the industrial mass production is easy to realize, and the practicability is high. The split labyrinth structure M can be flexibly adjusted according to the structure and arrangement characteristics of the ventilation holes 1112 and the adjacent devices, and the structure limitation is small.

In addition, the cover plate fixing boss 111 of the motor end cover 110 is used for fixing the wiring cover plate 120, the groove structure 1111 and the air holes 1112 are also located in the cover plate fixing boss 111, and a plurality of functions are integrated in the motor end cover 110, so that the number of structural members in the motor 100 can be reduced, the manufacturing cost and the size of the motor 100 are further reduced, and the miniaturized design of the power assembly 10 is facilitated, so that the whole vehicle layout is optimized.

It should be noted that, when the motor 100 is applied to the power assembly 10, if the air holes 1112 are disposed on the end cover of the reducer 300, since the gear assembly inside the reducer 300 is in a high-speed rotating state during operation, the cooling oil may be thrown to the air holes 1112 after flowing through the gear assembly, and the intermeshing gear assembly may generate heat, which may also cause a problem that the oil mist blocks the air holes 1112, so that the difficulty of balancing the internal and external air pressures is suddenly increased. The ventilation holes 1112 of the embodiment of the application are positioned on the motor end cover 110, so that the problem of oil throwing of a gear assembly can be avoided, the accumulated oil in the ventilation holes 1112 is reduced, and the smooth air flow in the ventilation holes 1112 is ensured.

The embodiment of the application is provided with a motor 100: the air holes 1112 positioned on the motor end cover 110 are used for installing the air ventilation valves 130, the air holes 1112, the groove structures 1111 and the inner sides of the cover plate fixing bosses 111 are sequentially communicated, so that heated and expanded gas can be discharged out of the motor 100, the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the motor 100 is reduced, the air holes 1112 are far away from devices rotating at high speed such as gears, and splashing cooling oil can be prevented from entering the air holes 1112. Groove structure 1111 is used for holding and keeps off oily boss 121, groove structure 1111 and keeps off oily boss 121 and form split type labyrinth structure M, and labyrinth structure M can block the oil mist that the cooling oil is heated and get into bleeder vent 1112, avoids cooling oil to pile up and leak at bleeder vent 1112, simultaneously because groove structure 1111 and bleeder vent 1112 communicate for the fluid in bleeder vent 1112 can be through groove structure 1111 timely backward flow, cools off motor 100 again, is favorable to promoting the utilization ratio of cooling oil. The labyrinth structure M is split, so that the processing and manufacturing difficulty is reduced, and mass production is easy to realize in industry.

Referring to fig. 4 to 7 in combination, fig. 7 is a partial enlarged view of the N2 portion of the motor end cover 110 shown in fig. 5, in one embodiment, the groove width of the R groove structure 1111 in the motor radial direction is larger than the length of the oil baffle boss 121 (as shown in fig. 4), the groove width of the C groove structure 1111 in the motor circumferential direction is larger than the length of the oil baffle boss 121 (in combination with fig. 5 and 6), and the groove width of the C groove structure 1111 in the motor circumferential direction is larger than the groove width of the R groove structure 1111 in the motor radial direction (as shown in fig. 5 and 7).

In the embodiment of the application, the groove width of the groove structure 1111 in the radial direction R of the motor is denoted as L1 (as shown in fig. 4), the length of the oil baffle boss 121 in the radial direction R of the motor is denoted as L2, the groove width of the groove structure 1111 in the circumferential direction C of the motor is denoted as L3 (as shown in fig. 7), and the groove widths of the groove structure 1111 in the radial direction R of the motor and the circumferential direction C of the motor are both larger than the length of the oil baffle boss 121, so that the groove structure 1111 can accommodate the oil baffle boss 121, and abrasion of the groove structure 1111 and the oil baffle boss 121 is avoided when the motor end cover 110 and the wiring cover 120 are mounted. The groove width L1 of the groove structure 1111 along the radial direction R of the motor is smaller than the groove width L3 along the circumferential direction C of the motor, the groove width L1 of the groove structure 1111 along the radial direction R of the motor is relatively smaller, the moving paths of gas and cooling oil can be shortened, and the difficulty of ventilation and oil return at the labyrinth structure M can be reduced. In one embodiment, the groove wall of the groove structure 1111 far away from the ventilation hole 1112 is used for blocking oil along the radial direction R of the motor, the groove width L3 of the groove structure 1111 along the circumferential direction C of the motor is relatively large, which is beneficial to increasing the contact area between cooling oil and the groove wall, improving the oil blocking effect, and enabling oil mist to be cooled and drop down, and reducing the oil mist to push and accumulate at the ventilation valve 130.

With continued reference to fig. 4 and 7, in one embodiment, the groove structure 1111 includes an outer groove wall 1111a and an inner groove wall 1111b (as shown in fig. 4 and 7), the inner groove wall 1111b is arranged inside the outer groove wall 1111a (as shown in fig. 4 and 7) along the radial direction R of the motor, and two ends of the outer groove wall 1111a are respectively connected to two ends of the inner groove wall 1111b (as shown in fig. 7) along the circumferential direction C of the motor, and the outer groove wall 1111a is used for fixing the wiring cover plate 120. The ventilation holes 1112 penetrate through the outer groove wall 1111a (as shown in fig. 4 and 7) along the radial direction R of the motor, and the inner groove wall 1111b, the oil baffle boss 121 and the outer groove wall 1111a are sequentially arranged at intervals (as shown in fig. 4) along the radial direction R of the motor, and the oil baffle boss 121 is spaced from the ventilation holes 1112 (as shown in fig. 4) along the axial direction O of the motor.

In the embodiment of the present application, the outer slot wall 1111a and the inner slot wall 1111b are connected along the machine circumferential direction C, and the outer slot wall 1111a and the inner slot wall 1111b enclose a synthetic groove structure 1111. In the motor radial direction R, the inner groove wall 1111b is located on the side of the outer groove wall 1111a remote from the ventilation hole 1112. The ventilation holes 1112 penetrate through the inner and outer sides of the outer groove wall 1111a, so that the ventilation holes 1112 are communicated with the groove structure 1111, thereby facilitating gas circulation and cooling oil backflow. The oil baffle boss 121 has gaps with the outer side groove wall 1111a and the inner side groove wall 1111b in the motor radial direction R, so that the cooling oil in the air holes 1112 flows back to the inner side of the cover plate fixing boss 111 through the gaps between the oil baffle boss 121 and the groove structure 1111, and the air can also move to the air holes 1112 through the gaps. The oil baffle boss 121 is mainly used for blocking the cooling oil from flowing to the air vent 1112, and the oil baffle boss 121 and the air vent 1112 are arranged at intervals in the axial direction O of the motor, so that the oil baffle boss 121 cannot block the cooling oil flowing out of the air vent 1112.

Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of a motor end cover 110 and a wiring cover 120 according to an embodiment of the application, in an embodiment, a projection of an R oil baffle boss 121 along a radial direction of the motor overlaps with a projection of an air vent 1112, and a draft angle of an outer surface of the R oil baffle boss 121 along the radial direction of the motor is greater than a draft angle of an inner surface of the oil baffle boss 121. In the embodiment of the present application, although the cooling oil flowing out of the air holes 1112 may fall on the outer surface of the oil baffle boss 121 in the radial direction R of the motor, for the oil baffle boss 121, the draft angle of the outer surface is greater than that of the inner surface, so that the cooling oil may flow to the groove structure 1111 under the guidance of the outer surface of the oil baffle boss 121. In addition, the projection of the oil baffle boss 121 on the radial direction R of the motor is partially overlapped with the projection of the air vent 1112, which indicates that the length of the oil baffle boss 121 along the axial direction O of the motor is longer, so that the contact area between the oil baffle boss 121 and oil mist is increased, and the oil baffle effect is improved.

In the embodiment of the present application, the projection along the motor radial direction R refers to the projection along the motor radial direction R on the projection plane perpendicular to the motor radial direction R. Wherein, the projection plane along motor radial R is perpendicular with motor radial R. In the embodiment of the present application, the projection of the ventilation hole 1112 refers to the projection of the area surrounded by the hole wall of the ventilation hole 1112.

With continued reference to fig. 4, in one embodiment, there is a gap between the inside slot wall 1111b and the wiring cover 120 along the motor axial direction O, the gap being used to communicate the inside of the groove structure 1111 with the inside of the inside slot wall 1111b along the motor radial direction R. In the embodiment of the present application, the oil mist is condensed into cooling oil in the air vent 1112, and then flows to the inner groove wall 1111b of the groove structure 1111. A gap is formed between the inner side groove wall 1111b and the wiring cover plate 120 along the axial direction O of the motor, so that the cooling oil can continuously flow to the inner side of the inner side groove wall 1111b along the radial direction R of the motor through the gap, and similarly, the gas located in the inner side of the inner side groove wall 1111b can also move to the air holes 1112 through the gap, which is beneficial to ensuring the smooth flow of the oil path and the air path.

With continued reference to fig. 7, in one embodiment, the length of the outer slot wall 1111a is greater than the length of the inner slot wall 1111b along the machine circumferential direction C, and the thickness of the outer slot wall 1111a is greater than the thickness of the inner slot wall 1111b along the machine radial direction R. The outer groove wall 1111a is recessed away from the inner groove wall 1111b in the motor radial direction R. The average radius of curvature of the outside groove wall 1111a is smaller than the average radius of curvature of the inside groove wall 1111 b.

In the embodiment of the present application, the circumferential length of the outer slot wall 1111a is greater than the circumferential length of the inner slot wall 1111b, so that both ends of the outer slot wall 1111a in the motor circumferential direction C are connected with the inner slot wall 1111 b. The outer groove wall 1111a is used for fixing with the patch panel 120, and the radial thickness of the outer groove wall 1111a is greater than the radial thickness of the inner groove wall 1111b, so that sufficient space can be provided on the outer groove wall 1111a for installing the patch panel 120, and for example, a screw hole can be formed in the outer groove wall 1111a, and the screw hole is used for fixing the patch panel 120. Meanwhile, the contact area between the outer groove wall 1111a and the wiring cover plate 120 is larger, so that the connection stability of the cover plate fixing boss 111 and the wiring cover plate 120 is enhanced, and the oil blocking boss 121 and the groove structure 1111 are not easy to generate relative displacement, so that the labyrinth structure M can stably play the roles of ventilation and oil blocking.

In the embodiment of the present application, the groove structure 1111 needs to accommodate the oil blocking boss 121, and gaps are formed between the oil blocking boss 121 and the groove structure 1111 along the motor radial direction R and the motor circumferential direction C, so that the size of the groove structure 1111 is required. The outer groove wall 1111a is recessed away from the inner groove wall 1111b along the radial direction R of the motor, and the bending degree of the outer groove wall 1111a is greater than that of the inner groove wall 1111b, so that the space in the groove structure 1111 is enough to accommodate the oil baffle boss 121, and abrasion of the groove structure 1111 and the oil baffle boss 121 is avoided.

In one embodiment, the end face of the inner groove wall 1111b facing the terminal cover plate 120 in the motor axial direction O is a blank face, and the end face of the outer groove wall 1111a facing the terminal cover plate 120 in the motor axial direction O is a machined face. The blank surface is a surface formed after die casting, the inner wall of the blank surface has no cutting trace, the inner wall of the machined surface has cutting trace, and the surface roughness of the blank surface is larger than that of the machined surface. The surface roughness means that the surface has smaller pitch and unevenness of minute peaks and valleys, and the smaller the surface roughness is, the smoother the surface is.

In the embodiment of the application, because the outer groove wall 1111a needs to be fixedly connected with the wiring cover plate 120, the end surface of the outer groove wall 1111a facing the wiring cover plate 120 along the motor axial direction O is a machined surface, and because the surface roughness of the machined surface is small, the outer groove wall 1111a and the wiring cover plate 120 can be tightly attached, and the connection strength and the assembly precision of the outer groove wall 1111a and the wiring cover plate 120 are improved. The inner slot wall 1111b does not need to be connected to the wiring cover 120, and air holes are easily generated in the die-casting component, if the inner slot wall 1111b is machined along the motor axial direction O toward the end face of the wiring cover 120, some air holes will be exposed during the cutting operation, and when the cooling oil flows to the inner slot wall 1111b, the cooling oil may flow into the air inlet holes, so that the cooling oil cannot be recycled in time. In the embodiment of the application, the end surface of the inner groove wall 1111b facing the wiring cover plate 120 along the axial direction O of the motor is a blank surface, so that cooling oil can be prevented from flowing into the air holes, and the utilization rate of the cooling oil can be improved.

With continued reference to fig. 4, in one embodiment, the draft angle of the outer surface of the inner slot wall 1111b is greater than the draft angle of the inner surface of the inner slot wall 1111b in the radial direction of the motor R, and the draft angle of the outer surface of the inner slot wall 1111b is greater than the draft angle of the inner surface of the outer slot wall 1111a in the radial direction of the motor R.

In the embodiment of the present application, the inner groove wall 1111b functions as an oil guide and an oil blocking along the outer and inner surfaces of the motor radial direction R, respectively. Specifically, the inner groove wall 1111b faces the air vent 1112 along the outer surface of the motor radial direction R, and the cooling oil flowing out of the air vent 1112 first flows toward the outer surface of the inner groove wall 1111 b. The inner surface of the inner groove wall 1111b along the motor radial direction R is away from the ventilation hole 1112, and the oil mist sequentially contacts the inner surface of the inner groove wall 1111b and the oil blocking boss 121 during the process of leading to the ventilation hole 1112. In the motor radial direction R, the draft angle of the outer surface of the inner groove wall 1111b is greater than the draft angle of the inner surface of the inner groove wall 1111b and greater than the draft angle of the inner surface of the outer groove wall 1111a, which is advantageous in that the oil can rapidly flow to the inside of the motor 100 from the outer surface of the inner groove wall 1111 b. The draft angle of the inner surface of the inner groove wall 1111b is relatively small, so that the oil mist is difficult to move toward the breather hole 1112 on the inner surface of the inner groove wall 1111 b. Illustratively, in one embodiment, the draft angle of the outer surface of the inner slot wall 1111b along the radial direction R of the motor is greater than or equal to 3 ° and less than or equal to 5 °. The embodiment of the application is beneficial to improving the oil guiding effect of the groove structure 1111.

With continued reference to fig. 4 and 6, in one embodiment, the patch panel 120 further includes an oil baffle 122, where the oil baffle 122 protrudes toward the motor end cover 110 along the motor axial direction O, and the oil baffle 122, the inner slot wall 1111b, and the oil baffle boss 121 are sequentially arranged at intervals along the motor radial direction R, and the projection of the oil baffle 122 and the projection of the inner slot wall 1111b or the outer slot wall 1111a at least partially overlap along the motor radial direction R.

In the embodiment of the application, the oil baffle boss 121 and the oil baffle rib 122 are both protruded towards the motor end cover 110 along the motor axial direction O, and the oil baffle rib 122, the groove structure 1111 and the oil baffle boss 121 together form a labyrinth structure M. Specifically, in the radial direction R of the motor, the inner groove wall 1111b is located between the oil baffle rib 122 and the oil baffle boss 121, the projection of the oil baffle rib 122 at least partially overlaps with the projection of the inner groove wall 1111b or the projection of the outer groove wall 1111a, the oil mist needs to contact the oil baffle rib 122, the inner groove wall 1111b, the oil baffle boss 121 and the outer groove wall 1111a in sequence, so that the oil mist can enter the air hole 1112, and the labyrinth structure M increases the difficulty of the oil mist entering the air hole 1112.

Referring to fig. 6 and 9 in combination, fig. 9 is a partial enlarged view of a portion N3 of the wiring cover 120 shown in fig. 6, in an embodiment, a length of the oil blocking rib 122 along the motor circumferential direction C is greater than a length of the oil blocking boss 121 (as shown in fig. 6 and 9), and a length of the oil blocking rib 122 along the motor circumferential direction C is greater than a groove width of the groove structure 1111 along the motor circumferential direction C (not shown).

In the embodiment of the present application, in the motor circumferential direction C, the length of the oil blocking rib 122 is greater than the length of the oil blocking boss 121 and greater than the groove width of the groove structure 1111. The groove structure 1111 is used for accommodating the oil baffle boss 121, and the circumferential length of the oil baffle boss 121 is relatively small, so that the oil baffle boss 121 and the groove structure 1111 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction C of the motor. The oil deflector 122 is not located within the groove structure 1111, and thus the circumferential length of the oil deflector 122 is not limited by the circumferential length of the groove structure 1111. The oil baffle rib 122 and the inner side groove wall 1111b are arranged along the radial direction R of the motor, and the cooling oil will flow to the oil baffle rib 122 under the guidance of the inner side groove wall 1111b, and the circumferential length of the oil baffle rib 122 is relatively large, so that the oil baffle rib 122 is beneficial to receiving the cooling oil flowing down from the inner side groove wall 1111b, and further guiding the flow direction of the cooling oil.

With continued reference to fig. 4 and 9, in one embodiment, the wiring cover 120 further includes an oil guiding groove 123 (as shown in fig. 4 and 9), the oil guiding groove 123 is arranged between the oil blocking boss 121 and the oil blocking rib 122 (as shown in fig. 4 and 9), the oil guiding groove 123 is recessed away from the motor end cover 110 (as shown in fig. 4), and a gap between the groove wall 1111b and the oil blocking boss 121 along the motor axial direction O is arranged opposite to the oil guiding groove 123 (as shown in fig. 4).

In the embodiment of the present application, it can be understood that the cooling oil has inertia when flowing on the inner side groove wall 1111b, and after the cooling oil leaves the inner side groove wall 1111b, the inertia can make the cooling oil continuously enter the gap between the inner side groove wall 1111b and the oil baffle boss 121 along the axial direction O of the motor, and the oil guiding groove 123 is arranged opposite to the gap along the axial direction O of the motor, so that the oil guiding groove 123 is located on the back flow path of the cooling oil, which is beneficial to guiding the flow direction of the cooling oil.

In one embodiment, the oil blocking boss 121, the oil blocking rib 122, and the oil guide groove 123 are integrally formed. The embodiment of the application is beneficial to improving the structural strength of the oil baffle boss 121, the oil baffle rib 122 and the oil guide groove 123, prolonging the service life of the wiring cover plate 120 and ensuring that the labyrinth structure M stably plays roles of blocking oil mist, recovering oil liquid and balancing air pressure for a long time.

With continued reference to fig. 9, in one embodiment, the wiring cover 120 includes two oil guiding grooves 123, one of the oil guiding grooves 123 is connected to the oil blocking boss 121 along the motor radial direction R, the other oil guiding groove 123 is connected to the oil blocking rib 122, and both the oil guiding grooves 123 are recessed away from the motor end cover 110 along the motor axial direction O. In the embodiment of the present application, the two oil guide grooves 123 serve as a transition structure between the oil baffle boss 121 and the oil baffle rib 122, and can guide the cooling oil on the inner groove wall 1111b to flow to the oil baffle rib 122.

In one embodiment, the surfaces of the oil baffle boss 121 and the oil baffle rib 122 are blank surfaces. The inner surface of the outer groove wall 1111a, the inner surface of the inner groove wall 1111b, and the outer surface in the motor radial direction R are blank surfaces.

In the embodiment of the application, the blank surface has no cutting mark, so that the air holes in the blank surface are not exposed due to cutting, and the blank surface is suitable for the surface through which cooling oil flows. On wiring apron 120, the oil mist can with keep off oil boss 121 and keep off the surface contact of oil rib 122, and the cooling oil that flows out from bleeder vent 1112 can with keep off the surface contact of oil rib 122, keeps off oil boss 121 and keep off the surface of oil rib 122 and be the blank face, can avoid cooling oil to ooze into wiring apron 120 through the gas pocket in, is favorable to reducing the loss of cooling oil. Similarly, on the motor end cover 110, the inner surface of the outer groove wall 1111a, the inner surface of the inner groove wall 1111b and the outer surface of the inner groove wall 1111b in the radial direction R of the motor are contacted with at least one of oil and oil mist, and the blank surface is beneficial to preventing cooling oil from penetrating into the motor end cover 110. It should be noted that, since the surfaces of the oil blocking boss 121 and the oil blocking rib 122, the inner surface of the outer groove wall 1111a along the motor radial direction R, and the inner surface and the outer surface of the inner groove wall 1111b are not used for the fixed connection with other devices, the cutting operation is not performed on these surfaces, and the structural stability of the motor 100 is not negatively affected.

With continued reference to fig. 3 and 5, in one embodiment, the motor end cover 110 further includes a motor shaft hole 112 and a three-phase wire fixing hole 113 (shown in fig. 5), and the motor shaft hole 112 and the three-phase wire fixing hole 113 extend through the motor end cover 110 (shown in fig. 5) along the motor axial direction, wherein the motor shaft hole 112 is configured to receive a motor shaft 140 (shown in fig. 3), and the three-phase wire fixing hole 113 is configured to fix a connection member (not shown) between a winding of the motor 100 and a motor controller. In the embodiment of the present application, the motor controller 200 is connected to the motor winding 170 through a connection member, and the motor controller 200 converts the direct current input from the battery pack into the alternating current and transmits the alternating current to the motor winding 170 through the connection member. According to the embodiment of the application, the motor shaft hole 112, the three-phase line fixing hole 113 and the cover plate fixing boss 111 are integrated in the motor end cover 110, so that the arrangement is regular and compact, the volume of the motor end cover 110 is saved, the motor layout is further optimized, and the lightweight design of the motor 100 is realized.

With continued reference to fig. 5, the cover fixing boss 111 surrounds the motor shaft hole 112 and the three-phase line fixing hole 113, and the projection of the O-wire cover 120 along the motor shaft covers the area surrounded by the cover fixing boss 111. In the embodiment of the present application, the outer groove wall 1111a of the cover plate fixing boss 111 is used for fixing with the wiring cover plate 120, and the projection of the wiring cover plate 120 in the motor axial direction O covers the area surrounded by the cover plate fixing boss 111, so that devices and structures in the area surrounded by the cover plate fixing boss 111 can be protected.

With continued reference to fig. 5, in one embodiment, the projection of the O-wire cover 120 along the motor axis covers the motor shaft bore 112, the three-phase wire mounting bore 113, and the groove structure 1111. In the embodiment of the present application, the connection cover 120 can protect the connection member, the motor winding and the motor shaft from the external environment, prevent impurities from entering the motor shaft hole 112, the three-phase line fixing hole 113 and the groove structure 1111, reduce the negative influence on the electric connection and transmission process in the motor 100, and simultaneously prevent impurities from entering the ventilation holes 1112 or the inner side groove wall 1111b along the radial direction R of the motor by mixing in cooling oil. In the embodiment of the present application, the projection along the motor axial direction O refers to the projection along the motor radial direction R on the projection plane perpendicular to the motor axial direction O. Wherein, the projection plane along motor axial direction O is perpendicular with motor axial direction O.

With continued reference to fig. 5, the groove width of the groove structure 1111 in the motor circumferential direction C is smaller than the inner diameter of the motor shaft hole 112. In the embodiment of the present application, the groove structure 1111 is used as a part of the labyrinth structure M, which mainly plays roles of oil return and exhaust, and the groove width of the groove structure 1111 in the motor circumferential direction C is relatively small, so that excessive residual cooling oil can be prevented from adhering to the inner wall of the groove structure 1111, the moving path of the cooling oil and gas can be shortened, the difficulty of oil return and exhaust can be reduced, and the volume occupied by the groove structure 1111 on the motor end cover 110 can be reduced. The inner diameter of the motor shaft hole 112 is relatively large so that the motor shaft hole 112 can meet the requirement of accommodating a motor shaft.

In one embodiment, the height of the ventilation holes 1112 is greater than the height of the motor shaft hole 112 in the direction of gravity. It will be appreciated that the flow of cooling oil is affected by gravity. In the embodiment of the present application, the cooling oil flows from the air vent 1112 to the inner groove wall 1111b, the oil guide groove 123, and the oil deflector 122, wherein the oil deflector 122 is located between the inner groove wall 1111b and the motor shaft hole 112 in the motor radial direction R. When the motor 100 is applied to a vehicle, the ventilation holes 1112 are required to be higher than the motor shaft holes 112 along the gravity direction, so that the flow path of the cooling oil between the ventilation holes 1112 and the motor shaft holes 112 conforms to the gravity direction, which is beneficial to reducing the flow resistance. In addition, the ventilation holes 1112 are higher than the motor shaft hole 112 along the gravity direction, so that the backflow of cooling oil is avoided, and the risk of oil leakage is reduced.

With continued reference to fig. 3 and 5, in one embodiment, the motor end cover 110 further includes a rotational fixing boss 114 (as shown in fig. 3 and 5), the rotational fixing boss 114 protrudes toward the wiring cover 120 along the motor axial direction O (as shown in fig. 5), and the rotational fixing boss 114 is used for fixing the rotational sensor, wherein the rotational fixing boss 114, an inner groove wall 1111b of the groove structure 1111, and an outer groove wall 1111a of the groove structure 1111 are sequentially arranged along the motor radial direction R (as shown in fig. 3).

In the embodiment of the application, the rotary-variable fixing boss 114 and the cover plate fixing boss 111 are both protruded towards the wiring cover plate 120 along the motor axial direction O, wherein the rotary-variable fixing boss 114 is used for fixing a rotary-variable sensor, and the rotary-variable sensor is used for monitoring the rotating speed of the motor 100 shaft so as to control the rotating speed of the motor 100 shaft, thereby improving the safety performance of the power assembly 10 and the electric vehicle 1. The rotation fixing boss 114, the inner side groove wall 1111b of the groove structure 1111 and the outer side groove wall 1111a of the groove structure 1111 are sequentially arranged along the radial direction R of the motor, and the rotation fixing boss 114 and the rotation sensor are located in an area surrounded by the cover plate fixing boss 111, so that the wiring cover plate 120 can protect the rotation sensor.

With continued reference to fig. 3, along the motor axial direction O, the projection of the oil rib 122 of the wiring cover 120 overlaps the projection of the rotary fixing boss 114. In the embodiment of the application, the oil baffle ribs 122 and the groove structures 1111 are part of the labyrinth structure M, the oil baffle ribs 122 and the groove structures 1111 are arranged along the radial direction R of the motor, the rotary-change fixing boss 114 and the groove structures 1111 are positioned on the motor end cover 110, and the projection of the oil baffle ribs 122 along the axial direction O of the motor overlaps with the projection of the rotary-change fixing boss 114, which indicates that the rotary-change fixing boss 114 and the groove structures 1111 are compactly arranged along the radial direction R of the motor, thereby being beneficial to reducing the volume of the motor end cover 110.

The motor, the power assembly and the electric vehicle with the split labyrinth structure provided by the embodiment of the application are described in detail, and specific examples are applied to illustrate the principle and the embodiment of the application, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the application; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will have variations in specific embodiments and application scope in light of the ideas of the present application, the present description should not be construed as limiting the present application.

Claims

1. The motor with the split labyrinth structure is characterized by comprising a motor end cover and a wiring cover plate, wherein the motor end cover and the wiring cover plate are axially arranged along the motor, the motor end cover comprises a cover plate fixing boss, the cover plate fixing boss protrudes towards the wiring cover plate along the motor axial direction, and the cover plate fixing boss is used for fixing the wiring cover plate; wherein:

The wiring cover plate comprises an oil blocking boss, and the oil blocking boss protrudes towards the motor end cover along the axial direction of the motor;

The cover plate fixing boss comprises a groove structure and an air vent, the notch of the groove structure faces the oil baffle boss along the axial direction of the motor, the air vent is used for fixing an air ventilation valve, the groove structure is used for communicating the air vent with the cover plate fixing boss along the radial inner side of the motor, and the groove structure is further used for accommodating the oil baffle boss.

2. The motor of claim 1, wherein the groove width of the groove structure is greater than the length of the oil baffle boss in the radial direction of the motor, the groove width of the groove structure is greater than the length of the oil baffle boss in the circumferential direction of the motor, and the groove width of the groove structure is greater than the groove width of the groove structure in the radial direction of the motor.

3. The motor of claim 1, wherein the groove structure includes an outer groove wall and an inner groove wall, the inner groove wall being arranged inside the outer groove wall in a radial direction of the motor, both ends of the outer groove wall being connected to both ends of the inner groove wall in a circumferential direction of the motor, respectively, the outer groove wall being for fixing the wiring cover plate; wherein:

The air holes penetrate through the outer groove wall along the radial direction of the motor, the inner groove wall, the oil baffle boss and the outer groove wall along the radial direction of the motor are sequentially arranged at intervals, and the oil baffle boss is spaced from the air holes along the axial direction of the motor.

4. A motor as claimed in claim 3, wherein there is a gap between the inner side groove wall and the wiring cover plate in the motor axial direction, the gap being for communicating the inside of the groove structure and the inner side of the inner side groove wall in the motor radial direction.

5. A motor as claimed in claim 3, wherein the length of the outer slot wall is greater than the length of the inner slot wall in the circumferential direction of the motor, and the thickness of the outer slot wall is greater than the thickness of the inner slot wall in the radial direction of the motor;

The outer groove wall is recessed away from the inner groove wall along the radial direction of the motor;

the average radius of curvature of the outer groove wall is smaller than the average radius of curvature of the inner groove wall.

6. A motor as claimed in claim 3, wherein an end face of the inner side groove wall facing the wiring cover plate in the motor axial direction is a blank face, and an end face of the outer side groove wall facing the wiring cover plate in the motor axial direction is a machined face.

7. A motor as claimed in claim 3, wherein the draft angle of the outer surface of the inner slot wall is greater than the draft angle of the inner surface of the inner slot wall in the radial direction of the motor, and the draft angle of the outer surface of the inner slot wall is greater than the draft angle of the inner surface of the outer slot wall in the radial direction of the motor; or the value of the draft angle of the outer surface of the inner side groove wall along the radial direction of the motor is more than or equal to 3 degrees and less than or equal to 5 degrees.

8. The motor of claim 3, wherein the wiring cover plate further comprises an oil deflector protruding toward the motor end cap along the motor axial direction, wherein:

The oil baffle ribs, the inner side groove walls and the oil baffle bosses are sequentially arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the motor, and the projection of the oil baffle ribs and the projection of the inner side groove walls or the outer side groove walls at least partially overlap along the radial direction of the motor.

9. The motor of claim 8, wherein the length of the oil deflector is greater than the length of the oil deflector boss along the motor circumference, and the length of the oil deflector is greater than the groove width of the groove structure along the motor circumference.

10. The motor of claim 8, wherein the wiring cover further comprises an oil guiding groove arranged between the oil retaining boss and the oil retaining rib, the oil guiding groove being recessed away from the motor end cover, and a gap between the inner groove wall and the oil retaining boss along the motor axial direction being arranged opposite to the oil guiding groove.

11. The motor of claim 8, wherein the surfaces of the oil baffle boss and the oil baffle rib are blank surfaces; the inner surface of the outer groove wall, the inner surface of the inner groove wall and the outer surface of the inner groove wall are blank surfaces along the radial direction of the motor.

12. The electric machine of any one of claims 1-11, wherein the electric machine end cap further comprises a machine shaft bore and a three-phase wire fixing bore, the machine shaft bore for receiving a machine shaft, the three-phase wire fixing bore for fixing a connection between a winding of the electric machine and a machine controller, the machine shaft bore and the three-phase wire fixing bore extending through the electric machine end cap along the machine axis, wherein:

The cover plate fixing boss surrounds the outer sides of the motor shaft hole and the three-phase line fixing hole;

the projection of the wiring cover plate along the axial direction of the motor covers the area surrounded by the cover plate fixing boss, or the projection of the wiring cover plate along the axial direction of the motor covers the motor shaft hole, the three-phase line fixing hole and the groove structure;

the groove width of the groove structure along the circumferential direction of the motor is smaller than the inner diameter of the motor shaft hole.

13. The motor of claim 12, wherein the motor end cap further comprises a rotational-change fixation boss protruding toward the wiring cover plate along the motor axial direction, the rotational-change fixation boss for fixing a rotational-change sensor, wherein:

The rotary fixing boss, the inner side groove wall of the groove structure and the outer side groove wall of the groove structure are sequentially arranged along the radial direction of the motor;

Along the motor axial direction, the projection of the oil retaining rib of the wiring cover plate is overlapped with the projection part of the rotary fixing boss.

14. A powertrain comprising a motor controller and a motor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13, the motor further comprising a motor housing, the motor housing and the motor end cap forming a motor receiving cavity for receiving a motor winding, the motor controller being adapted to convert dc power to ac power and to provide the ac power to the motor winding, a connection between the motor controller and the motor winding being secured in a three phase wire mounting hole in the motor end cap.

15. An electric vehicle, characterized in that the electric vehicle comprises a vehicle body, a battery pack, wheels and the power assembly of claim 14, wherein the vehicle body is used for fixing the battery pack and the power assembly, the battery pack is used for providing direct current to a motor controller, the motor is used for driving the wheels, and the height of the ventilation holes is larger than the height of motor shaft holes of the motor along the gravity direction.