CN221079153U - Optical digital-to-analog converter and optical digital-to-analog conversion device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application discloses an optical digital-to-analog converter and an optical digital-to-analog conversion device, wherein the optical digital-to-analog converter comprises a laser, a 1 XN beam splitter, N optical amplifiers, N intensity modulation modules and a beam combiner; the laser periodically outputs light pulses, the 1 XN beam splitter splits the light pulses with single wavelength to form N light beams, the N light amplifiers amplify the energy of the received light beams in sequence in an equal ratio increasing mode respectively, the N intensity modulation modules modulate the corresponding intensities of the amplified different light beams based on digital signals input from the outside, and the modulated light beams are combined to form analog light signals through the beam combiner, so that the digital signals can be converted into analog signals by only one laser, the laser utilization rate is improved, and the cost and the power consumption are reduced. The application can realize binary weighted digital-to-analog conversion and arbitrary M-ary weighted digital-to-analog conversion (M is more than or equal to 3).
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of signal processing, and particularly relates to an optical digital-to-analog converter and an optical digital-to-analog conversion device.
Background
The digital-to-analog converter (Digital Analog Converter) is a key component in electronic and photoelectric signal processing and data transmission, and has the function of converting a digital signal into an analog signal and identifying the analog signal by the outside (including people or external equipment). However, the conventional electronic DAC cannot increase the conversion rate and the conversion accuracy at the same time due to the inherent electronic limitations such as radio frequency delay, time jitter, electromagnetic interference, and the like, and cannot meet the requirements of the existing signal processing system for large bandwidth and high accuracy.
With the development of photonic devices and technologies, photonic DACs can avoid the drawbacks of conventional electronic DACs in terms of energy efficiency versus bandwidth tradeoff. The use of an optical chip to realize the DAC function is a new technical path, and the optical DAC has the advantages of low time delay, high bandwidth, electromagnetic interference resistance and the like. At present, most of the existing optical DAC schemes adopt a plurality of lasers to respectively generate light with different wavelengths and different intensities, then the light with different wavelengths is subjected to intensity modulation and then is combined by a wavelength division multiplexer to realize signal conversion, such as the technology in CN111208690 a; or the multiple lasers emit light with the same wavelength and the same intensity, and then the light is attenuated respectively to realize signal conversion, such as the technical scheme in CN104133336B, however, the method has the problems of more required lasers, low energy utilization rate of the lasers, larger overall power consumption and the like, and the cost and the difficulty of full-chip integration are increased.
Disclosure of utility model
In order to solve the problems, the application provides an optical digital-to-analog converter and an optical digital-to-analog conversion device, which are used for splitting optical pulses output by a single laser and amplifying the split beams in different proportions respectively, then modulating the amplified different beams in corresponding intensity based on an externally input digital signal, and combining the modulated multiple beams to form an analog optical signal, so that the conversion of the digital signal into the analog signal can be completed by only one laser, the laser utilization rate is improved, and the cost and the power consumption are reduced. The specific scheme is as follows:
The application discloses an optical digital-to-analog converter, which comprises a laser, a1 XN beam splitter, N optical amplifiers, N intensity modulation modules and a beam combiner, wherein the beam splitter is arranged on the beam splitter;
The laser is used for periodically outputting light pulses; the 1 XN beam splitter is provided with N output ends for equally dividing each received light pulse into N beams, and each output end is used for outputting one beam; the input ends of the N optical amplifiers are connected with the N output ends of the 1 XN beam splitter in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the N optical amplifiers respectively amplify the energy of the received light beams in sequence in an equal ratio increasing manner; the input ends of the N intensity modulation modules are connected with the output ends of the N optical amplifiers in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the intensity modulation modules carry out intensity modulation on received light beams based on digital signals input from the outside; the beam combiner is used for combining the light beams output by the N intensity modulation modules, and is provided with N input ends which are connected with the output ends of the N intensity modulation modules in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
Further, the laser, the 1 xn beam splitter, the N optical amplifiers, the N intensity modulation modules, and the beam combiner are integrated on one optical chip.
Preferably, the 1 xn splitter is a 1 xn fiber optic coupler or a 1 xn multimode interferometer.
Preferably, the intensity modulation module is an MZ interferometer or an intensity modulator.
Preferably, the beam combiner is a mode division multiplexer or is composed of a plurality of Y-shaped waveguide cascade.
Preferably, the optical amplifier is a semiconductor optical amplifier.
Preferably, the laser is a group iii-v semiconductor laser.
Further, the mode division multiplexer comprises N bent waveguides and a bus straight waveguide, wherein the bus straight waveguide is composed of N straight waveguides with sequentially increasing widths, and each bent waveguide and one straight waveguide form an evanescent coupling region.
In a second aspect, the application discloses an optical digital-to-analog conversion device, which comprises a photodetector and the optical digital-to-analog converter, wherein the photodetector is connected with the optical digital-to-analog converter and is used for converting an optical energy signal output by the optical digital-to-analog converter into an analog current signal.
Further, the optical digital-to-analog conversion device further comprises a transimpedance amplifier, and the transimpedance amplifier is connected with the photoelectric detector and used for converting an analog current signal output by the photoelectric detector into an analog voltage signal.
In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present application, compared with the prior art, enable the following beneficial effects to be obtained:
The application provides an optical digital-to-analog converter and an optical digital-to-analog conversion device, wherein the optical digital-to-analog converter comprises a laser, a 1 XN beam splitter, N optical amplifiers, N intensity modulation modules and a beam combiner, the single laser outputs single-wavelength light pulses to split beams and respectively amplifies the N beams formed by the splitting beams in different proportions, then the N intensity modulation modules correspondingly modulate the amplified different beams based on digital signals input from the outside, and the modulated multiple beams are combined by the beam combiner to form analog optical signals, so that the conversion of the digital signals into the analog signals can be completed by only one laser, the laser utilization rate is improved, and the cost and the power consumption are reduced. In addition, the laser, the 1 XN beam splitter, the N optical amplifiers, the N intensity modulation modules and the beam combiner can be integrally manufactured on the substrate by adopting a single-chip integration process and integrated on one optical chip, so that the stability of the system is improved. The application can realize binary weighted digital-to-analog conversion and arbitrary M-ary weighted digital-to-analog conversion (M is more than or equal to 3).
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate this embodiment or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are required for the description of the embodiment or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical digital-to-analog converter according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a beam combiner according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a beam combiner according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a beam combiner according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an optical digital-to-analog converter according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an optical digital-to-analog conversion device according to the present application based on the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical digital-to-analog conversion device according to another embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of embodiments of the application will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended drawings. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, but the present application may be practiced in other ways other than those described herein, and persons skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
In order to facilitate understanding and explanation of the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application, the following description will first explain the background art of the present application.
With the development of photonic devices and technologies, photonic DACs can avoid the drawbacks of conventional electronic DACs in terms of energy efficiency versus bandwidth tradeoff. The use of an optical chip to realize the DAC function is a new technical path, and the optical DAC has the advantages of low time delay, high bandwidth, electromagnetic interference resistance and the like. At present, most of the existing optical DAC schemes adopt a plurality of lasers to respectively generate light with different wavelengths and different intensities, then the light with different wavelengths is subjected to intensity modulation and then is combined by a wavelength division multiplexer to realize signal conversion, such as the technology in CN111208690 a; or the multiple lasers emit light with the same wavelength and the same intensity, and then the light is attenuated respectively to realize signal conversion, such as the technical scheme in CN104133336B, however, the method has the problems of more required lasers, low energy utilization rate of the lasers, larger overall power consumption and the like, and the cost and the difficulty of full-chip integration are increased.
Based on this, the present application provides an optical digital-to-analog converter, as shown in fig. 1, comprising a laser, a 1×n beam splitter, N optical amplifiers, N intensity modulation modules, and a beam combiner.
The laser is used for periodically outputting light pulses; the 1 XN beam splitter is provided with N output ends for equally dividing each received light pulse into N beams, and each output end is used for outputting one beam; the input ends of the N optical amplifiers are connected with the N output ends of the 1 XN beam splitter in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the N optical amplifiers respectively amplify the energy of the received light beams in sequence in an equal ratio increasing manner; the input ends of the N intensity modulation modules are correspondingly connected with the output ends of the N optical amplifiers one by one, and the intensity modulation modules carry out intensity modulation on received light beams based on digital signals input from the outside; the beam combiner is used for combining the light beams output by the N intensity modulation modules, and is provided with N input ends which are connected with the output ends of the N intensity modulation modules in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
In the application, the frequency of the output light pulse of the laser is consistent with the frequency of an external input digital signal, and the laser is preferably a III-V semiconductor laser for easy integration.
The 1 XN beam splitter equally divides the received light pulse into N paths, and each path of light pulse is sequentially transmitted to the corresponding optical amplifier and the intensity modulation module. The 1 xn splitter is a1 xn fiber optic coupler or a1 xn multimode interferometer. For ease of integration, the 1 xn beam splitter is preferably a1 xn multimode interferometer.
The optical amplifiers are used for amplifying the received light beam energy, and the N optical amplifiers are used for amplifying the received light beam energy respectively in a mode of equal ratio increasing, wherein the N optical amplifiers are different in amplification factor. When constructing a binary digital to analog converter, the energy amplification ratio of the first to nth optical amplifiers to the received light beam is sequentially 2 0、21、22……2N-1. When constructing other digital-to-analog converters of the system, such as M system (M.gtoreq.3), the energy amplification ratio of the first to Nth optical amplifiers to the received light beam is M 0、M1、M2……MN-1 in sequence. Specifically, the optical amplifiers can be uniformly controlled by an external control chip, and the external control chip changes the amplification factor of each optical amplifier to the received light beam by controlling the input current of each optical amplifier, so that the light intensity values of the light beams received by the intensity modulation modules are different. If for the binary digital to analog converter, the light intensity of each beam after the light pulse is split is assumed to be I, after the light pulse is amplified by the corresponding optical amplifier, the light intensity output by the first optical amplifier is I 1 =i, the light intensity output by the second optical amplifier is I 2 =2i, and so on, the light intensity output by the nth optical amplifier is I N＝2N-1 I. In the present application, the optical amplifier is preferably a semiconductor optical amplifier, and the regulation accuracy is high. The N semiconductor optical amplifiers amplify the received light beams in an equal ratio increasing mode, and the light intensities of the light beams input to the corresponding intensity modulation modules after the N light beams are amplified by corresponding amplification factors are different.
The intensity modulation module intensity-modulates the received light beam based on an externally input digital signal. Specifically, the N intensity modulation modules can also be uniformly controlled by an external control chip, and after the digital signals are fed back to the control chip, the control chip regulates and controls the intensity modulation modules based on the received digital signals. The intensity modulation module is an MZ interferometer or an intensity modulator. When constructing a binary digital to analog converter, the digital signal has only two states, 0 and 1. When the digital signal is in a 0 state, the control chip modulates the intensity modulation module to ensure that all light beams output by the optical amplifier do not pass through, namely the light intensity output by the intensity modulation module is 0; when the digital signal is in the 1 state, the control chip modulates the intensity modulation module to enable the light beams output by the optical amplifier to pass through, namely the light intensity output by the intensity modulation module is consistent with the light intensity of the input end of the light intensity modulation module. When the M-ary digital-analog converter is constructed (M is more than or equal to 3), the control chip controls the light intensity output by the intensity modulation module to be 0 or 1/M, 2/M and 3/M … … (M-1)/M of the input light intensity. Specifically, when a ternary digital-to-analog converter is constructed, the control chip controls the light intensity output by the intensity modulation module to be 0 or 1/3 and 2/3 of the input light intensity, and when the input digital signal is 0, the control chip controls the light intensity output by the corresponding intensity modulation module to be 0; when the input digital signal is 1, the control chip controls the light intensity output by the corresponding intensity modulation module to be 1/3 of the input light intensity; when the input digital signal is 2, the control chip controls the light intensity output by the corresponding intensity modulation module to be 2/3 of the input light intensity. When the quaternary digital-to-analog converter is constructed, the control chip controls the light intensity output by the intensity modulation module to be 0 or 1/4, 2/4 and 3/4 of the input light intensity, and when the input digital signal is 0, the control chip controls the light intensity output by the corresponding intensity modulation module to be 0; when the input digital signal is 1, the control chip controls the light intensity output by the corresponding intensity modulation module to be 1/4 of the input light intensity; when the input digital signal is 2, the control chip controls the light intensity output by the corresponding intensity modulation module to be 2/4 of the input light intensity; when the input digital signal is 3, the control chip controls the light intensity output by the corresponding intensity modulation module to be 3/4 of the input light intensity. Similarly, when an M-ary digital-to-analog converter is constructed, the control chip controls the light intensity output by the intensity modulation module to be 0 or 1/M, 2/M and 3/M … … (M-1)/M of the input light intensity, and when the input digital signal is 0, the control chip controls the light intensity output by the corresponding intensity modulation module to be 0; when the input digital signal is 1, the control chip controls the light intensity output by the corresponding intensity modulation module to be 1/M of the input light intensity; when the input digital signal is 2, the control chip controls the light intensity output by the corresponding intensity modulation module to be 2/M of the input light intensity; when the input digital signal is 3, the control chip controls the light intensity output by the corresponding intensity modulation module to be 3/M of the input light intensity, … …, and when the input digital signal is M-1, the control chip controls the light intensity output by the corresponding intensity modulation module to be (M-1)/M of the input light intensity.
In the present application, the intensity modulation module is an MZ interferometer or an intensity modulator. The external control chip modulates the MZ interferometer or the intensity modulator by regulating and controlling the voltage acted on the MZ interferometer or the intensity modulator, so as to achieve the effect of attenuating the energy of the input light beam.
All the light output by the intensity modulation modules is combined by a beam combiner. The beam combiner can be a mode division multiplexer or consists of a plurality of Y-shaped waveguide cascade connection. Specifically, when the beam combiner is a mode division multiplexer, the mode division multiplexer includes N curved waveguides and a bus straight waveguide, the bus straight waveguide is composed of N straight waveguides with sequentially increasing widths, and each curved waveguide and one straight waveguide form an evanescent coupling region. The mode division multiplexer shown in fig. 2 is composed of 6 curved waveguides and one bus straight waveguide, the bus straight waveguide is composed of 6 straight waveguides with sequentially increasing widths, and each curved waveguide and one straight waveguide form an evanescent coupling region. Of course, the beam combiner may also be formed by a plurality of Y-shaped waveguide cascades, if n=6, the beam combiner is formed by 5Y-shaped waveguide cascades, as shown in fig. 3, it should be noted here that when n=5, the beam combiner may still be formed by 5Y-shaped waveguide cascades, only in the first cascade structure, one of the input ends is set as an invalid input end, and is not connected with the output end of the emphasis modulation module; if n=8, the combiner consists of a cascade of 7Y-waveguides, as shown in fig. 4.
In the case of a binary digital to analog converter, the input digital signal a 1a2a3……aN is an N-bit binary digital, and the combined light intensity is IT＝a1*20I+a2*21I+...+aN*2N-1I,a1、a2、a3……aN to represent the state of each binary bit in the digital signal, which is 0 or 1.
When an M-ary digital-to-analog converter is constructed (M is more than or equal to 3), the light intensity after beam combination is IT＝a1*M0I+a2*M1I+...+aN*MN-1I,a1、a2、a3……aN, which represents the intensity modulation coefficient of the intensity modulation module to the input light beam, and each intensity modulation coefficient has M conditions, and is particularly related to the state of each M-ary bit in the input digital signal. For the sake of understanding, assuming that m=4 and n=6, that is, a six-bit quaternary digital-to-analog converter is constructed, the light intensity after beam combination is IT＝a1*40I+a2*41I+a3*42I+a4*43I+a5*44I+a6*45I,, and assuming that a six-bit quaternary digital signal input in one period is 203123, after the external control chip receives the digital signal, the external control chip modulates the six intensity modulation modules, after modulation, the light intensity modulation coefficients of the corresponding six intensity modulation modules on the input light beam are 2/4, 0, 3/4, 1/4, 2/4, 3/4 in sequence, and corresponding a 1＝2/4、a2＝0、a3＝3/4、a4＝1/4、a5＝2/4、a6 =3/4. After beam combination, the externally input digital signal is converted into an optical energy signal.
In the application, when the laser is a III-V semiconductor laser, the 1 XN beam splitter is a1 XN multimode interferometer, the optical amplifier is a semiconductor optical amplifier, the intensity modulation module is an MZ interferometer or an intensity modulator, the beam combiner is a mode division multiplexer or is formed by cascading a plurality of Y-shaped waveguides or is formed by cascading a plurality of directional couplers, the laser, the 1 XN beam splitter, the N optical amplifiers, the N intensity modulation modules and the beam combiner can be integrally manufactured on a substrate by adopting a monolithic integration process and integrated on an optical chip, such as an InP optical chip, so that the stability of the system is improved.
For ease of understanding, taking n=4 as an example, the optical digital-to-analog converter includes a laser, 1×4 beam splitters, 4 optical amplifiers, 4 intensity modulation modules and a beam combiner, and if the intensity modulation modules are MZ interferometers, in this implementation, the structure of the optical digital-to-analog converter is shown in fig. 5, and the laser is used for periodically outputting optical pulses; the 1 x 4 beam splitter has 4 output ends for dividing each received light pulse into 4 beams equally, each output end for outputting a light beam; the input ends of the 4 optical amplifiers are connected with the 4 output ends of the 1X 4 beam splitter in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the 4 optical amplifiers respectively amplify the energy of the received light beams in sequence in an equal ratio increasing manner; the input lower ends of the 4 MZ interferometers are connected with the output ends of the 4 optical amplifiers in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the intensity modulation module carries out intensity modulation on received light beams based on digital signals input from the outside; the beam combiner is used for combining the beams output by the output lower ends of the 4 MZ interferometers, and is provided with 4 input ends, and the 4 input ends are connected with the output lower ends of the 4 MZ interferometers in a one-to-one correspondence mode. The external control chip adjusts the intensity of the light beam input to the MZ interferometers by regulating the phase modulators on the MZ interferometers, and the phase modulators on the 4 MZ interferometers are all connected with the external control chip.
When n=4, i.e. the optical digital-to-analog converter is a four-bit optical digital-to-analog converter. In the application, the period of the output light pulse of the laser is consistent with the period of an external input digital signal, if a four-bit octal (M=8) optical digital-to-analog converter is constructed, four-bit octal numbers are input in each digital signal input period, and each bit octal number corresponds to one intensity modulation module. After the light pulse output by the laser is split by the 1×4 beam splitter, the light pulse is equally divided into 4 light beams, the 4 light beams are respectively input into the corresponding optical amplifiers and the MZ interferometer, the 4 optical amplifiers amplify the energy of the received light beams respectively in an equal-ratio increasing manner, the optical amplifiers are ordered in sequence from top to bottom, the energy amplification ratio of the received light beam by the first optical amplifier is 8 0, the energy amplification ratio of the received light beam by the second optical amplifier is 8 1, the energy amplification ratio of the received light beam by the third optical amplifier is 8 2, and the energy amplification ratio of the received light beam by the fourth optical amplifier is 8 3. In one period, the input four-bit octal numbers are represented by X 1X2X3X4, and X 1、X2、X3 and X 4 are eight possible, namely, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 states respectively. In one period, four-bit octal numbers are input to an external control chip, the control chip regulates and controls four MZ interferometers based on the received digital signals, specifically, if the input four-bit octal numbers are X 1X2X3X4, the control chip regulates and controls the light intensity modulation coefficients of the four MZ interferometers on input light beams to be X 1/8、X2/8、X3/8 and X 4/8 in sequence, namely, after modulation, the light intensity of the light beam output by the first MZ interferometer is X 1/8 of the light intensity of the input light beam, the light intensity of the light beam output by the second MZ interferometer is X 2/8 of the light intensity of the input light beam, The light intensity of the output beam of the third MZ interferometer is X 3/8 of the light intensity of the input beam, and the light intensity of the output beam of the fourth MZ interferometer is X 4/8 of the light intensity of the input beam. The 4 paths of light beams are modulated by corresponding MZ interferometers and then are combined by a beam combiner, and the light intensity after beam combination is as follows:
After passing through the beam combiner, the externally input digital signal is converted into an optical energy signal.
As can be seen from the above, according to the application, by splitting a single laser to output a single wavelength light pulse and amplifying the N beams formed by splitting in different proportions, respectively, then the N intensity modulation modules modulate the amplified different beams in corresponding intensity based on the digital signal input from the outside, and the modulated multiple beams are combined by the beam combiner to form an analog light signal, so that only one laser is required to convert the digital signal into an analog signal, and the cost and the power consumption are reduced while the laser utilization rate is improved. In addition, the laser, the 1 XN beam splitter, the N optical amplifiers, the N intensity modulation modules and the beam combiner can be integrally manufactured on the substrate by adopting a single-chip integration process and integrated on one optical chip, so that the stability of the system is improved. The application can realize binary weighted digital-to-analog conversion and arbitrary M-ary weighted digital-to-analog conversion (M is more than or equal to 3).
Based on the optical digital-to-analog converter, the application also provides an optical digital-to-analog converter, as shown in fig. 6, comprising a photodetector and the optical digital-to-analog converter, wherein the photodetector is connected with the optical digital-to-analog converter and is used for converting the optical energy signal output by the optical digital-to-analog converter into an analog current signal.
The photodetector may be a photodiode integrated on an optical digital-to-analog converter optical chip.
In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 7, the optical digital-to-analog conversion device further includes a transimpedance amplifier connected to the photodetector for converting the analog current signal output by the photodetector into an analog voltage signal. And the transimpedance amplifier and the optical chip are mixed and packaged to form a photoelectric mixed digital-to-analog conversion chip.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such article or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in an article or device comprising the element.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. An optical digital-to-analog converter is characterized by comprising a laser, a 1 XN beam splitter, N optical amplifiers, N intensity modulation modules and a beam combiner;
The laser is used for periodically outputting light pulses; the 1 XN beam splitter is provided with N output ends for equally dividing each received light pulse into N beams, and each output end is used for outputting one beam; the input ends of the N optical amplifiers are connected with the N output ends of the 1 XN beam splitter in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the N optical amplifiers respectively amplify the energy of the received light beams in sequence in an equal ratio increasing manner; the input ends of the N intensity modulation modules are connected with the output ends of the N optical amplifiers in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the intensity modulation modules carry out intensity modulation on received light beams based on digital signals input from the outside; the beam combiner is used for combining the light beams output by the N intensity modulation modules, and is provided with N input ends which are connected with the output ends of the N intensity modulation modules in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
2. An optical digital-to-analog converter according to claim 1, characterized in that the laser, the 1 xn beam splitter, N of the optical amplifiers, N of the intensity modulation modules and the beam combiner are integrated on one optical chip.
3. An optical digital to analog converter according to claim 1, characterized in that said 1 xn splitter is a1 xn fiber coupler or a1 xn multimode interferometer.
4. An optical digital-to-analog converter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the intensity modulation module is an MZ interferometer or an intensity modulator.
5. An optical digital-to-analogue converter as claimed in claim 1 or 2 in which the combiner is an analogue-to-digital multiplexer or is formed by a cascade of Y-shaped waveguides.
6. An optical digital-to-analog converter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the optical amplifier is a semiconductor optical amplifier.
7. An optical digital-to-analogue converter as claimed in claim 1 or 2 in which the laser is a group iii-v semiconductor laser.
8. An optical digital-to-analog converter according to claim 5, characterized in that said mode multiplexer comprises N curved waveguides and a bus-bar waveguide, said bus-bar waveguide being composed of N straight waveguides of successively increasing width, each of said curved waveguides forming an evanescent coupling region with one of said straight waveguides.
9. An optical digital-to-analog conversion device comprising a photodetector and an optical digital-to-analog converter according to any one of claims 1-8, said photodetector being coupled to said optical digital-to-analog converter for converting an optical energy signal output by said optical digital-to-analog converter into an analog current signal.
10. The optical digital to analog conversion device according to claim 9, further comprising a transimpedance amplifier connected to the photodetector for converting an analog current signal output by the photodetector to an analog voltage signal.
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