CN221057647U - Multi-capacitive loading-based miniaturized multimode patch resonator and filter - Google Patents
Multi-capacitive loading-based miniaturized multimode patch resonator and filter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model provides a miniaturized multimode patch resonator and a filter based on multi-capacitive loading. The resonator includes: the first metal layer, the first dielectric substrate, the second metal layer, the second dielectric substrate and the third metal layer are sequentially stacked; two first metal patches and two second metal patches are arranged on the edge of the second metal layer; and, the two second metal patches and the two third metal patches are symmetrical with respect to the center of the second metal layer; and metal through holes are formed in the first metal patch and the second metal patch, and penetrate through the second dielectric substrate to be connected with the third metal layer. The filter realized by the resonator designed based on the utility model has high selectivity while realizing miniaturization.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of electromagnetic fields and microwaves, in particular to a radio frequency filter, and especially relates to a miniaturized multimode patch resonator based on multi-capacitive loading and a filter.
Background
The filter is one of key devices of a modern wireless communication system, and the performance quality of the filter directly influences the quality of the whole system, including indexes such as channel capacity, signal-to-noise ratio, distortion degree and the like. Therefore, in the face of shortage of spectrum resources and increasing clutter of electromagnetic signal environments, comprehensive research on high-performance filters to match with wireless communication systems developed with light weight, high reliability, versatility, high integration and low cost is extremely necessary.
Common microwave filter designs are implemented using single-mode resonators. However, when a higher order filter is constructed with further improvement in passband selectivity, the number of resonators needs to be increased, which results in an increase in the size of the filter, which is disadvantageous for miniaturization of the device. In recent years, there are also bandpass filters such as half-cavities, quarter-cavities, eighth-cavities, and the like, which achieve miniaturization using a resonant cavity of an incomplete mode. However, these designs tend to be at the expense of the quality factor of the filter and increased insertion loss. Worse, they also have a large radiation loss, which results in poor electromagnetic compatibility, which is detrimental to the development of high performance wireless communication systems.
In order to achieve miniaturization and high performance of devices, there have been also designs of bandpass filters using multimode resonators in recent years. Compared with a single-mode resonator structure, the multimode resonator can support multiple modes of resonance in one cavity, and is therefore equivalent to a plurality of single-mode resonators, so that miniaturization of the device can be achieved. The design of the multimode resonant cavity filter can realize the regulation and control of resonant modes by adjusting the geometric shape and the size of the resonant cavity, so that the resonant modes are similar and separated, and a passband or a wide stopband is formed. The multimode resonator filter reduces the number of resonators to some extent compared to conventional single-mode filter designs, thereby reducing the size. The design of a multimode resonator filter requires consideration of mutual interference between resonant modes and isolation between frequency bands to ensure that the filter is capable of achieving high performance requirements. Therefore, how to construct a single-cavity multimode resonator structure and realize the controllable characteristics of a plurality of mode frequencies, modes and the like, and the transmission zero and the passband are controllable, which is a technical difficulty of the current filter design.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to further achieve miniaturization and high performance of the filter, the utility model provides a miniaturized multimode patch resonator and a filter based on multi-capacitive loading, and the miniaturized dual-mode and three-mode patch resonator is achieved by utilizing a plurality of capacitive loading patches. On the basis, a single-cavity dual-mode, three-mode patch filter and a dual-cavity dual-mode quadrupole filter with high selectivity are provided.
In a first aspect, the present utility model provides a miniaturized multimode patch resonator based on capacitive loading, comprising: the first metal layer, the first dielectric substrate, the second metal layer, the second dielectric substrate and the third metal layer are sequentially stacked;
Two first metal patches and two second metal patches are arranged on the edge of the second metal layer; and, the two first metal patches and the two second metal patches are symmetrical with respect to the center of the second metal layer;
And metal through holes are formed in the first metal patch and the second metal patch, and penetrate through the second dielectric substrate to be connected with the third metal layer.
Further, a third metal patch is further arranged on the second metal layer, the third metal patch is positioned in the center of the second metal layer, and two first metal patches and two second metal patches are arranged on the periphery of the third metal patch; and a metal via hole is arranged on the third metal patch, and penetrates through the second dielectric substrate to be connected with the third metal layer.
Further, the first metal layer, the first dielectric substrate, the second metal layer, the second dielectric substrate and the third metal layer are square, so that the whole resonator is square.
Further, the first metal patch and the second metal patch are in a quarter circle shape, and the first metal patch and the second metal patch respectively take four vertexes of the second metal layer as circle centers.
Further, the third metal patch is circular.
In a second aspect, the present utility model provides a miniaturized multimode patch filter based on capacitive loading, comprising any one of the resonators described above and two feeding structures arranged on a first metal layer; each feed structure comprises a microstrip arm, a feeder line positioned outside the microstrip arm and connected with the microstrip arm, and three connecting lines positioned inside the microstrip arm and connected with the microstrip arm; and the three connecting wires are used for connecting the resonators.
Further, two feed structures are located on two adjacent sides of the first metal layer.
Further, the three connecting lines are uniformly distributed.
In a third aspect, the present utility model provides a miniaturized multimode patch filter based on capacitive loading, comprising at least two resonators as provided in the first aspect, and two feeding structures and at least two connecting structures arranged on a first metal layer;
The two feed structures are respectively connected with two resonators, each feed structure comprises a first microstrip arm, a feeder line positioned outside the first microstrip arm and connected with the first microstrip arm, and two first connecting lines positioned inside the first microstrip arm and connected with the first microstrip arm, and the first connecting lines are used for connecting the resonators;
One resonator corresponds to one connecting structure, and each connecting structure comprises two second microstrip arms and two pairs of first connecting wires which are respectively positioned at the inner sides of the two second microstrip arms, and the two pairs of first connecting wires are respectively connected with the corresponding resonators;
Two adjacent connection structures are used for connecting two adjacent resonators through a second connecting line.
Further, the filter is centrally symmetrical as a whole.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
1. The resonant cavity provided by the utility model can realize a dual-mode or three-mode resonant cavity for filter design. Meanwhile, the resonance mode of the multimode resonant cavity can be accurately regulated and controlled by regulating and controlling the patch parameters in the loaded capacitive patch layer (the second metal layer), so that the pole is adjustable. In addition, the resonant frequency of the whole resonant cavity can be effectively reduced by the capacitive patch layer, so that the characteristic advantage of size reduction is realized. Therefore, the proposed patch resonator has more highly selective and miniaturized characteristics.
2. The feeder line structure provided by the utility model can well control the external quality factor Q e of the use mode in the resonant cavity, thereby realizing the characteristics of controllable zero point and adjustable bandwidth of the filter, and further improving the high selectivity of the filter. Meanwhile, the feed structure is realized by adopting a microstrip structure, the characteristic impedance of the port is kept to be 50 ohms, the port has the characteristic of easy cascading, and the application range and the use value of the port are expanded.
3. The multimode single-cavity filter structure provided by the utility model is realized by adopting a box-type coupling topological structure. The box topology structure has the characteristic of introducing N controllable finite frequency transmission zero positions in N steps. Introducing more finite frequency transmission zeros can greatly improve the sideband suppression capability of the filter. Thus, the proposed filter still further promotes high selectivity.
4. The high-pole filter based on single-cavity multimode cascade implementation has the characteristic of wide stop band. The wide stop band means that the filter can provide a larger rejection value in the frequency response, thereby achieving a stronger band isolation capability. The filter with high selectivity and wide stop band is very useful for filtering out unwanted frequency components or interference signals, and can effectively improve the purity and reliability of the signals. This characteristic makes the filter more valuable for use in various application scenarios.
5. The utility model adopts the PCB structure, the processing technology is mature and simple, and no special medium substrate is needed for realization, thus realizing low-cost processing and batch production and further improving the market application value.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a miniaturized multimode patch resonator based on multi-capacitive loading according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a second metal layer according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a cut-away view of a miniaturized multimode patch resonator based on capacitive loading according to an embodiment of the utility model;
FIG. 4 shows electric field distribution of the first four resonant modes in a miniaturized multimode patch resonator based on capacitive loading according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of mode adjustment of a miniaturized multimode patch resonator based on capacitive loading according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
Fig. 6 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a miniaturized multimode patch filter based on multi-capacitive loading according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 7 illustrates the mode control of a feed structure in a resonant cavity provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 8 is an S-parameter response curve of the filter of example 3 according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 9 is a plot of S-parameter response of the filter of example 4 provided by an example of the present utility model;
Fig. 10 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of a filter in embodiment 5 according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 11 is an S-parameter response curve of the filter of example 5 provided in an example of the present utility model;
Fig. 12 is a broadband S-parameter response curve of the filter in example 5 provided in an embodiment of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
Example 1
The embodiment of the utility model provides a miniaturized multimode patch resonator based on multi-capacitive loading, which comprises a first metal layer, a first dielectric substrate, a second metal layer, a second dielectric substrate and a third metal layer which are sequentially stacked; two first metal patches and two second metal patches are arranged on the edge of the second metal layer; and, the two first metal patches and the two second metal patches are symmetrical with respect to the center of the second metal layer; and metal through holes are formed in the first metal patch and the second metal patch, and penetrate through the second dielectric substrate to be connected with the third metal layer.
As an implementation manner, in the embodiment of the present utility model, the first metal layer, the first dielectric substrate, the second metal layer, the second dielectric substrate, and the third metal layer are all square, so that the resonator is entirely square; the first metal patch and the second metal patch are in a quarter circle shape, and the four vertexes of the second metal layer are used as circle centers respectively.
Example 2
On the basis of the above embodiment 1, the difference between the embodiment of the present utility model and the embodiment 1 is that in the embodiment of the present utility model, a third metal patch is further disposed on the second metal layer, the third metal patch is located at the center of the second metal layer, and two first metal patches and two second metal patches are disposed on the outer periphery of the third metal patch; and a metal via hole is arranged on the third metal patch, and penetrates through the second dielectric substrate to be connected with the third metal layer. As an implementation manner, in an embodiment of the present utility model, the third metal patch is circular. The three-dimensional structure of the resonator of the embodiment of the utility model is shown in fig. 1, and the tangential structure is shown in fig. 3; the positional relationship of the first metal patch P 1 (radius R 1), the second metal patch P 2 (radius R 2), and the third metal patch P 3 (radius R 3) on the first metal layer is shown in fig. 2.
Further, the first four resonant modes of the multimode patch resonator in the embodiment of the present utility model are shown in fig. 4, and fig. 4 (a) to 4 (d) are mode 1 to mode 4, respectively. Figure 5 shows the mode tuning of the resonator and its effect on its quality factor. As shown in fig. 5 (a), as R 2 increases, the resonant frequencies of mode 2 and mode 3 decrease primarily, and the corresponding Q u decreases, because patch P 2 affects primarily the electric fields of mode 2 and mode 3. Likewise, due to the symmetrical nature, patch P 1 affects mainly the electric fields of mode 1 and mode 3, which are not given here. As shown in fig. 5 (b), when R 3 increases, mainly the resonance of mode 4 decreases, and the corresponding Q u decreases, because patch P 3 mainly affects the electric field of mode 4, and when R 3 is sufficiently small, the resonance frequency of mode 4 is far from the resonance frequencies of modes 1 and 2. Thus, a dual mode cavity can be implemented using mode 1 and mode 2. When R 1 is equal to R 2, mode 1 and mode 2 are a pair of degenerate modes. Therefore, the control of the first four modes in the single cavity can be realized by regulating and controlling the size parameters of each patch in the second metal layer, so that the multi-mode resonant cavity capable of realizing filter design is formed. Meanwhile, based on the existence of a plurality of capacitance load patches, compared with a traditional double-mode square patch cavity, the size of the resonant cavity can be reduced to a large extent, and therefore miniaturization is achieved.
Example 3
On the basis of the above embodiment 1, the embodiment of the present utility model provides a miniaturized multimode patch filter based on capacitive loading (the filter in this embodiment is a diode filter), and the structure of the miniaturized multimode patch filter may be shown in fig. 6 (it should be noted that, the first metal layer of the filter provided in the embodiment of the present utility model does not include a third metal patch), and the miniaturized multimode patch filter includes the resonator described in embodiment 1 and two feeding structures disposed on the first metal layer. Each feed structure comprises a microstrip arm, a feeder line positioned outside the microstrip arm and connected with the microstrip arm, and three connecting lines positioned inside the microstrip arm and connected with the microstrip arm; and the three connecting wires are used for connecting the resonators.
As an implementation manner, in the embodiment of the present utility model, two feeding structures are located on two adjacent sides of the first metal layer; the three connecting lines are uniformly distributed.
In particular, the feed line for the input or output signal may be offset from the central position of the resonant cavity by a distance denoted D. As the total length of the microstrip arm in the feed line structure (i.e., L 1) increases, Q e for each of the three modes decreases, as shown by the blue line in fig. 7. When the feed line is located off center from the cavity, mode 1Q e may be greater or less than mode 2Q e, as shown by the red line in fig. 7. Mode 4 has a weaker electric field density than modes 1 and 2, so mode 4 has a Q e that is less than modes 1 and 2. The external quality factor of the filter is regulated and controlled, and the bandwidth and the frequency position of the limited frequency transmission zero point can be effectively controlled. Therefore, the feeder line structure provided by the embodiment of the utility model can well control the Q e of three modes in the resonant cavity, thereby realizing the zero point control and the bandwidth adjustment.
In the embodiment of the utility model, the dual-mode patch resonant cavity can be realized by adjusting the size parameters of the multi-capacitively loaded patch layers. Preferably, in order to better realize the dual-mode patch resonant cavity, a quasi-elliptic function dual-mode filter with the Bandwidth (BW) of 80 MHz and the Return Loss (RL) of 20 dB is designed. Wherein two finite Frequency Transmission Zeros (FTZs) are located at 1.65 GHz and 2.11 GHz, respectively. The dielectric substrate is preferably Rogers5880, has a relative permittivity of 2.2, and a thickness of h 2=0.508 mm,h1 =0.254 mm. Other major dimensions are as follows ：W0=2.33、W1=1、W2=3、D=0.9、L0=29、L1=24.5、R1=9.98、R2=9.51、R3=0, units: millimeter. L 0 denotes a side length of the metal layer or the dielectric substrate, h 1 denotes a thickness of the second dielectric substrate, h 2 denotes a thickness of the first dielectric substrate, W 0 denotes a width of the feeder line, W 1 denotes a width of the connection line, W 2 denotes a length of the connection line, and L 1 denotes a length of the microstrip arm.
Fig. 8 (a) shows simulation results of scattering parameters of the band-pass filter and fitting results of the coupling matrix in the above embodiment of the present utility model. To further illustrate the controllability of the FTZ position of the proposed filter, fig. 8 (b) shows the S 21 response variation with D, as shown by the fact that the frequency positions of the two FTZs can be well controlled.
Example 4
On the basis of the above embodiment 2, the embodiment of the present utility model provides a miniaturized multimode patch filter based on multi-capacitive loading (the filter in this embodiment is a tripolar filter). The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that the resonator described in embodiment 2 is adopted in the resonator in the embodiment of the present utility model, and the other embodiments are the same as embodiment 3, and are not described here again. The filter structure in an embodiment of the present utility model is shown in fig. 6.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the utility model, the three-mode resonant cavity is realized by adjusting the size parameters of the multi-capacitively loaded patch layers. When the radius R 3 of the third metal patch P 3 is set to a proper value, the resonance frequency of mode 4 can be close to the resonance frequencies of mode 1 and mode 2. Thus, a single cavity, three-mode patch resonator can be implemented using mode 1, mode 2, and mode 4.
Preferably, in order to better realize the three-mode resonant cavity, a quasi-elliptical three-mode filter with BW of 100 MHz and RL of 20 dB is designed. The frequency positions of 3 FTZs are located at 1.66, 1.87 and 1.95 GHz, respectively. The parameters of the dielectric substrate are the same as described above. Other major dimensions of the structure are as follows ：W0=2.33、W1=1、W2=3、D=1.2、L0=29、L1=28、R1=9.99、R2=9.69、R3=8.38, units: millimeter.
Fig. 9 (a) shows simulation results of scattering parameters of the band pass filter and fitting results of the coupling matrix in the above embodiment of the present utility model. To further illustrate the controllability of FTZ position, fig. 9 (b) shows the S 21 response variation with D, as shown, the frequency positions of three FTZs can be well controlled.
Example 5
On the basis of the above embodiment 1, the embodiment of the present utility model provides a miniaturized multimode patch filter based on capacitive loading (the filter in this embodiment is a quadrupole filter), which includes two resonators described in embodiment 1, and two feeding structures and two connecting structures disposed on a first metal layer;
The two feed structures are respectively connected with two resonators, each feed structure comprises a first microstrip arm, a feeder line positioned outside the first microstrip arm and connected with the first microstrip arm, and two first connecting lines positioned inside the first microstrip arm and connected with the first microstrip arm, and the first connecting lines are used for connecting the resonators;
One resonator corresponds to one connecting structure, and each connecting structure comprises two second microstrip arms and two pairs of first connecting wires which are respectively positioned at the inner sides of the two second microstrip arms, and the two pairs of first connecting wires are respectively connected with the corresponding resonators; the two connection structures are used for connecting the two resonators through one second connection line.
As an embodiment, the feed structure and the connection structure on the same resonator are located on two adjacent sides of the first metal layer, and the filter is centrally symmetrical as a whole. In this embodiment, the lengths of the first microstrip arm and the second microstrip arm are the same, and are both L 1.
Specifically, the structure of the quadrupole filter is formed by combining two dual-mode resonant cavities in embodiment 1. A specific three-dimensional schematic is shown in fig. 10. The four-pole filter consists of two single-cavity dual-mode filters, and a second connecting line is arranged between the two single cavities. The second connection line has a length L 2 and a width W 3, and is used to control the coupling between the dual mode patch cavities. For a single cavity, the pass band of the filter is realized by adopting a mode 1 and a mode 2 in the single cavity, the center patch P 3 and the metal via thereof are removed, and the mode 4 is moved away from resonance of the pass band.
Preferably, a design is made with f 0 of 1.8 GHz, BW of 120 MHz and RL of 15 dB.4 FTZs are located at the quadrupole filters of 1.45, 1.71, 1.94 and 2.60 GHz, respectively. The parameters of the dielectric substrate are the same as described above. Other major dimensions of the structure are as follows ：W0=2.33、W1=1、W2=3、W3=3、D=1.2、L0=29、L1=26.5、L2=3.5、R1=9.99、R2=9.51、R3=0, units: millimeter. In the embodiment of the present utility model, W 1 represents the width of the second microstrip arm, and W 2 represents the length of the first connection line.
Fig. 11 shows the frequency scattering parameter results in the narrow band range of the band pass filter in the above embodiment of the present utility model. Fig. 12 shows frequency scattering parameters in the wideband range of the band pass filter in the above embodiment of the present utility model. As can be seen from the figure, the proposed filter has 4 transmission zeros of finite frequency; at the upper stop band, the frequency location with the out-of-band rejection level greater than 20 dB is approximately 6.47 GHz, which is 3.57 times the passband center frequency. The data also directly indicate that the proposed four-pole patch filter has a wider stopband performance. Therefore, the band-pass filter realized based on the utility model has the advantages of miniaturization, high selectivity and the like.
It should be noted that, according to the present utility model, more advanced filters may be implemented by cascading more resonators as described in embodiment 1 according to the present utility model, which will not be described here.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model, and are not limiting; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. Miniaturized multimode patch resonator based on multi-capacitive loading, characterized in that it comprises: the first metal layer, the first dielectric substrate, the second metal layer, the second dielectric substrate and the third metal layer are sequentially stacked;
Two first metal patches and two second metal patches are arranged on the edge of the second metal layer; and, the two first metal patches and the two second metal patches are symmetrical with respect to the center of the second metal layer;
And metal through holes are formed in the first metal patch and the second metal patch, and penetrate through the second dielectric substrate to be connected with the third metal layer.
2. The miniaturized multimode patch resonator based on capacitive loading according to claim 1, characterized in that a third metal patch is further provided on the second metal layer, the third metal patch being located at the center of the second metal layer, two first metal patches and two second metal patches being provided at the outer periphery of the third metal patch; and a metal via hole is arranged on the third metal patch, and penetrates through the second dielectric substrate to be connected with the third metal layer.
3. The miniaturized multimode patch resonator based on capacitive loading of claim 2, wherein the first metal layer, the first dielectric substrate, the second metal layer, the second dielectric substrate, and the third metal layer are all square such that the resonator is generally square.
4. A miniaturized multimode patch resonator based on capacitive loading as in claim 3, wherein the first metal patch and the second metal patch are each quarter-circular and each of the first metal patch and the second metal patch is centered on four vertices of the second metal layer.
5. The miniaturized multimode patch resonator based on capacitive loading according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the third metal patch is circular.
6. Miniaturized multimode patch filter based on multi-capacitive loading, characterized in that it comprises a resonator according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and two feeding structures arranged on a first metal layer; each feed structure comprises a microstrip arm, a feeder line positioned outside the microstrip arm and connected with the microstrip arm, and three connecting lines positioned inside the microstrip arm and connected with the microstrip arm; and the three connecting wires are used for connecting the resonators.
7. The multi-capacitive loading based miniaturized multimode patch filter of claim 6 wherein two feed structures are located on two adjacent sides of the first metal layer.
8. The miniaturized multimode patch filter based on capacitive loading according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that three of said connection lines are uniformly distributed.
9. A miniaturized multimode patch filter based on multi-capacitive loading, characterized in that it comprises at least two resonators as claimed in claim 1 or 3 or 4, and two feeding structures and at least two connecting structures arranged on a first metal layer;
The two feed structures are respectively connected with two resonators, each feed structure comprises a first microstrip arm, a feeder line positioned outside the first microstrip arm and connected with the first microstrip arm, and two first connecting lines positioned inside the first microstrip arm and connected with the first microstrip arm, and the first connecting lines are used for connecting the resonators;
One resonator corresponds to one connecting structure, and each connecting structure comprises two second microstrip arms and two pairs of first connecting wires which are respectively positioned at the inner sides of the two second microstrip arms, and the two pairs of first connecting wires are respectively connected with the corresponding resonators;
Two adjacent connection structures are used for connecting two adjacent resonators through a second connecting line.
10. The miniaturized multimode patch filter based on capacitive loading of claim 9, wherein the filter is centrally symmetric throughout.
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