CN221050855U - Automatic overturning and pouring mechanism for crucible conveying - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an automatic overturning and pouring mechanism for crucible conveying, which comprises a pouring box (1) and a hooked conveyer belt (2) which are arranged front and back, wherein a crucible (5) is arranged on the hooked conveyer belt (2), and an overturning guide mechanism (11) matched with the crucible (5) is arranged in the feeding box (1). The crucible conveying automatic overturning and dumping mechanism can realize automatic overturning and dumping of the crucible, greatly reduces labor intensity of workers and improves production efficiency.

Description

Automatic overturning and pouring mechanism for crucible conveying

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an automatic overturning and pouring mechanism for crucible conveying, and belongs to the technical field of metal 3D printing.

Background

With the development of society and the continuous progress of scientific technology, the application of metal 3D printing technology is becoming more popular, and the metal 3D printing technology rapidly occupies an important position in the metal manufacturing industry due to the characteristics of high material utilization rate, short manufacturing period, high flexibility and the like. The metal 3D printing technology is to directly apply laser beams (or electron beams, etc.) to metal powder, rapidly melt the metal powder by using a high-energy source to form a high-temperature molten pool or sintered powder, and form a lap-joint solid melt channel by rapid movement and cooling, so as to continuously finish the processing on the formed metal processing plane. The metal 3D printing technology can print some metal parts with small volume, complex structure and high precision, plays a key role in improving the quality and efficiency of the whole industrial production, provides more possibility in the process of manufacturing the metal parts and promotes the development of metal manufacturing industry.

Currently, the main current metal 3D printing technology for manufacturing metal parts in the market comprises the following steps: selective Laser Sintering (SLS) technology, selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology, direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) technology, laser near net shape forming (LENS) technology, electron Beam Selective Melting (EBSM) technology, and the like, all of which are powder materials. The production process of these powder materials is complicated, and there are many steps of pouring out the powder treated in the heat treatment furnace from a small crucible and then mixing, washing, filtering or sieving. In the actual production of a certain company, the number of small crucibles processed in each heat treatment furnace is 144-198, and a plurality of heat treatment furnaces are operated at the same time, so that hundreds or thousands of crucible dumping actions are needed in the production of each batch of materials, and automation is needed to be realized to reduce the labor intensity, improve the labor condition and reduce the environmental pollution.

Disclosure of utility model

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem of providing the crucible conveying automatic overturning and pouring mechanism aiming at the prior art, which can realize automatic overturning and pouring of a crucible, greatly reduce the labor intensity of workers and improve the production efficiency.

The utility model solves the problems by adopting the following technical scheme: the utility model provides an automatic upset pouring mechanism is carried to crucible, it includes the pouring box and the belt hook conveyer belt that arrange around, be provided with the crucible on the belt hook conveyer belt, be provided with in the pouring box with crucible matched with upset guiding mechanism.

Optionally, the pouring box comprises a pouring box body, an opening is formed in the rear side of the pouring box body, and the front end of the conveyor belt with the hook stretches into the opening.

Optionally, the belt hook conveyer belt includes preceding cylinder and back cylinder, around having set the conveyer belt between preceding cylinder and the back cylinder, the conveyer belt outside evenly is provided with a plurality of pothooks.

Optionally, the hook includes two left and right sides hook board, the draw-in groove has been seted up to hook board rear side.

Optionally, the draw-in groove includes the guide chute that arranges along fore-and-aft direction, guide chute front end is provided with draw-in groove and lower draw-in groove respectively from top to bottom both sides.

Optionally, the guide sliding groove is gradually arranged in an upward inclination mode from back to front.

Optionally, the turnover guide mechanism comprises a left guide slideway and a right guide slideway, and a hollowed-out area is arranged between the left guide slideway and the right guide slideway.

Optionally, the crucible comprises a crucible body, wherein a hook is arranged on the front side of the crucible body, and the hook is matched with the clamping hook.

Optionally, the couple includes preceding couple pole, preceding couple pole is arranged along left and right directions, preceding couple pole middle part is connected with the crucible body through the connecting rod.

Optionally, the front hook rod is clamped in the left clamping groove and the right clamping groove.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:

The crucible conveying automatic overturning and dumping mechanism can realize automatic overturning and dumping of the crucible, greatly reduces labor intensity of workers and improves production efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an environment-friendly automatic production line for overturning, pouring and directional recycling of a crucible.

Fig. 2 is a top view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion B of fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the drop-out slide of fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the matching relationship between the crucible and the hook in fig. 1.

Wherein:

Pouring box 1

Pouring box 1.1

Opening 1.2

Conveyor belt with hooks 2

Front roller 2.1

Rear roller 2.2

Drive belt 2.3

Hook 2.4

Hook plate 2.4.1

Clamping groove 2.4.2

Guide chute 2.4.2.1

Upper clamping groove 2.4.2.2

Lower clamping groove 2.4.2.3

Pushing mechanism 3

Push platform 3.1

Push cylinder frame 3.2

Push cylinder 3.3

Push head 3.4

First crucible holder 4

Crucible 5

Crucible body 5.1

Hook 5.2

Front hook rod 5.2.1

Connecting rod 5.2.2

First gantry robot arm 6

Drop slide 7

Slideway bottom plate 7.1

Upper riser 7.1.1

Middle circular arc plate 7.1.2

Lower horizontal plate 7.1.3

Baffle 7.2

Lifting conveyor 8

Lower horizontal section 8.1

Intermediate inclined section 8.2

Upper horizontal section 8.3

Second crucible holder 9

Second row rack mechanical arm 10

Turnover guide mechanism 11

Guide slide 11.1

Dust collector 12

A discharge opening 13.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, an environment-friendly automatic production line for overturning, dumping and directional recycling of crucibles in the embodiment comprises a dumping box 1, a hooked conveyer 2 and a pushing mechanism 3 which are sequentially arranged from front to back, wherein one side of the pushing mechanism 3 is provided with a first crucible frame 4, a plurality of crucibles 5 which are filled with powder and need to be dumped are arranged on the first crucible frame 4, a first frame mechanical arm 6 is arranged at the position of the first crucible frame 4, a falling slide way 7 is arranged below the rear end of the hooked conveyer 2, a lifting conveyer 8 is arranged below the falling slide way 7, the lifting conveyer 8 extends backwards to the rear of the pushing mechanism 3, one side of the lifting conveyer 8 is provided with a second crucible frame 9, and a second frame mechanical arm 10 is arranged at the position of the second crucible frame 9;

A turnover guide mechanism 11 is arranged in the material pouring box 1;

the dust removing device 12 is arranged on the material pouring box 1;

the bottom of the material pouring box 1 is provided with a material outlet 13;

The pouring box 1 comprises a pouring box body 1.1, an opening 1.2 is formed in the rear side of the pouring box body 1.1, and the front end of the conveyor belt 2 with the hook stretches into the opening 1.2;

The conveyor belt 2 with hooks comprises a front roller 2.1 and a rear roller 2.2, a conveyor belt 2.3 is wound between the front roller 2.1 and the rear roller 2.2, and a plurality of hooks 2.4 are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the conveyor belt 2.3;

The clamping hook 2.4 comprises a left clamping hook plate 2.4.1 and a right clamping hook plate 2.4.1, and a clamping groove 2.4.2 is formed in the rear side of the clamping hook plate 2.4.1;

The clamping groove 2.4.2 comprises a guide chute 2.4.2.1 which is arranged along the front-back direction, and an upper clamping groove 2.4.2.2 and a lower clamping groove 2.4.2.3 are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the front end of the guide chute 2.4.2.1;

the guide sliding grooves 2.4.2.1 are gradually and upwards inclined from back to front;

The pushing mechanism 3 comprises a pushing platform 3.1, a pushing cylinder frame 3.2 is arranged on the pushing platform 3.1, a pushing cylinder 3.3 is arranged on the pushing cylinder frame 3.2 along the front-back direction, and a pushing head 3.4 is arranged at the front end of the pushing cylinder 3.3;

The upper surface of the pushing platform 3.1 is flush with the upper surface of the driving belt 2.3;

The crucible 5 comprises a crucible body 5.1, wherein a hook 5.2 is arranged at the front side of the crucible body 5.1, and the hook 5.2 is matched with the hook 2.4;

The whole crucible body 5.1 is in a square box shape with a certain wall thickness and an opening at the front;

The hook 5.2 comprises a front hook rod 5.2.1, the front hook rod 5.2.1 is arranged along the left-right direction, and the middle part of the front hook rod 5.2.1 is connected with the crucible body 5.1 through a connecting rod 5.2.2;

the front hook rod 5.2.1 is clamped in the left clamping groove 2.4.2 and the right clamping groove 2.4.2;

the falling slide way 7 comprises a slide way bottom plate 7.1, the slide way bottom plate 7.1 comprises an upper vertical plate 7.1.1, a middle circular arc plate 7.1.2 and a lower horizontal plate 7.1.3 which are sequentially connected, the lower horizontal plate 7.1.3 is positioned in front of the upper vertical plate 7.1.1, and baffle plates 7.2 are arranged on the left side and the right side of the upper vertical plate 7.1.1 and the middle circular arc plate 7.1.2;

the width of the crucible body 5.1 is larger than that of the lower horizontal plate 7.1.3;

The lifting conveyor belt 8 comprises a lower horizontal section 8.1, a middle inclined section 8.2 and an upper horizontal section 8.3, wherein the lower horizontal section 8.1 is positioned behind the upper horizontal section 8.3;

The upper surface of the upper horizontal section 8.3 is flush with the upper surface of the pushing platform 3.1;

The overturning guide mechanism 11 comprises a left guide slideway 11.1 and a right guide slideway 11.1, and a hollowed-out area is arranged between the left guide slideway 11.1 and the right guide slideway 11.1;

The guide slideway 11.1 is arc-shaped (nearly circular arc);

The width of the crucible body 5.1 is larger than the distance between the left guide slideway 11.1 and the right guide slideway 11.1.

Working principle:

The two crucible holders are respectively used for accommodating the crucible containing the powdery substances and the empty crucible after the material is poured; the two traveling frame mechanical arms are respectively used for grabbing the crucible onto the conveyor belt with the hook before pouring and grabbing the crucible onto the crucible frame after pouring; the conveyor belt with the hook is used for conveying the fully loaded crucible into the dumping area, and the crucible is dragged and hung by the hook on the conveyor belt to turn over and return, and the crucible is automatically unhooked when the lower end of the crucible returns to the end; the pushing mechanism has the function that after the former row frame mechanical arm is used for fully loading the crucible to the conveyor belt with the hook, the crucible is pushed from the rear to move forward on the conveyor belt with the hook for a certain distance, so that the hook at the front end of the crucible is embedded into the hook on the conveyor belt; the overturning guide mechanism is used for restraining overturning actions of the crucible so as to control rotation angle change and a sliding track in the overturning process of the crucible and prevent the crucible from unhooking; the dust removing device is used for preventing dust from escaping when the powder in the crucible is poured out; the falling slide way is a sliding track for controlling a normally unhooked crucible, and the overturning orientation of the crucible is realized at the tail end of the slide way; besides helping the crucible falling down along the falling slide ways to finish overturning and orientation, the lifting conveyor mainly conveys the crucible to a crucible recovery position, and then the crucible is stacked on a crucible frame by a travelling frame mechanical arm.

The connecting principle of the crucible and the clamping hook of the conveyor belt is as follows:

The front end of the crucible is provided with an extending cross rod which is used as a hook, and the height of the hook is matched with the height of the hook on the conveyor belt. The clamping hook is fixedly connected to the surface of the conveyor belt and is designed into a bidirectional groove structure with an inclined chute. When the crucible is pushed forward under the action of the pushing mechanism, the hook slides along the inclined chute and is clamped into the lower clamping groove of the clamping hook downwards under the action of gravity.

Principle of crucible overturning and pouring actions:

The overturning and dumping actions of the crucible are realized under the combined action of the dragging and overturning guide mechanism of the upper clamping hook when the conveyor belt runs to the end part. The pulling of the clamping hook provides power, and the track of overturning and dumping is controlled by the overturning guide mechanism. The overturning guide mechanism consists of two slide ways with certain tracks, and a hollowed-out area is arranged between the two slide ways, so that powder can be poured out without obstruction.

Principle of unhooking crucible:

After the crucible is poured, the crucible is hooked to the turning part at the other end of the conveyor belt, the clamping hook is in an inverted state and continuously rotates clockwise, and the sliding groove of the clamping hook gradually begins to incline downwards, so that the crucible is in a state of easy unhooking and sliding. When the crucible rotates clockwise along with the clamping hook, the crucible is pushed forward under the blocking of the rear side vertical plate, so that unhooking is realized.

Principle of overturning orientation before crucible recovery:

After the crucible is unhooked, the opening of the crucible slides downwards along the falling slide way. The front section of the slideway is an integral curved surface and can always support the edge of the crucible to keep the opening to slide downwards, forwards and downwards. The crucible can be regarded as a square box with a wall thickness and one side open. The tail end (namely the lower horizontal section) of the falling slide rail is designed to be hollowed out at two sides, so that when the crucible slides to the position, the front vertical plate and the two side walls in the sliding direction start to lose support, fall downwards and start to rotate clockwise. As the crucible continues to slide, the back wall of the crucible is still supported on the slideway, the clockwise rotation angle is larger and larger, and when the front end touches the lifting conveyor belt which runs reversely below the slideway, the crucible further rotates clockwise until the crucible turns 180 degrees, so that the opening of the crucible upwards falls on the lifting conveyor belt, and the overturning orientation of the crucible is realized.

Dedusting and dust recovery principle:

The powder material is poured to generate dust inevitably, and consideration must be given to preventing the dust from polluting the environment. The dust removing device is arranged at the powder pouring position in the production line and is equivalent to a conventional dust-free feeding station, and the dust-free feeding station comprises a housing, a draught fan, an air filter element and a back blowing system. The induced draft fan provides the power of negative pressure induced draft, and the air containing dust is pumped to a fixed direction so as to be discharged out of the housing through the air filter element; the air filter element has the function of filtering dust in the air, clean air can pass through the filter element and the dust is left in the inner layer of the filter element; the back blowing system blows the filter element in a blasting mode according to a certain frequency, blows excessive dust stored on the air filter element, recovers the dust, and simultaneously achieves self-cleaning of the air filter element.

The whole flow and steps are as follows:

Step one, a first crucible frame is positioned: the first crucible frame is taken out from a heat treatment furnace fork by an AGV fork truck, and the crucibles (8-11 layers, 9 layers each) filled with powder are conveyed to a first frame mechanical arm and positioned and placed at a fixed point;

Step two, positioning a crucible: the first gantry mechanical arm is used for grabbing and placing the crucibles on a platform in front of the pushing mechanism one by one through continuous movement in three directions X, Y, Z; the time (condition) for placing is that the pushing mechanism is in situ, the platform is in a vacancy state, and the crucibles in the first crucible rack are not completely taken out and pushed;

Pushing the crucible to be hooked: when the hooks of the conveyor belt with hooks are transferred to a proper position (detected by a position sensor), the crucible is pushed by the pushing mechanism to move forwards, so that the hooks (cross bars) at the front end of the crucible are embedded into the hook clamping grooves on the conveyor belt, and the hooks are hooked;

Step four, pouring materials from a crucible: the conveying belt hooks the crucible to move forward to the turning position of the end part, the crucible is lifted and turned over, and the turning track is controlled by the turning guide mechanism;

Step five, unhooking the crucible: after the crucible is poured, the crucible is hooked to the turning part at the other end of the conveyor belt, the hook is in an easily unhooked state, and the crucible is unhooked under the blocking of the vertical plate;

Step six, crucible sliding, overturning and orienting: the crucible opening is downward, the crucible slides down along the falling slide way, and the end of the slide way is turned 180 degrees to enable the opening to be upward to realize orientation;

Step seven, conveying the empty crucible to a collecting place: lifting the conveyor belt to convey the empty crucible to a crucible collection position;

Step eight, stacking the empty crucible onto a second crucible frame: the second row frame mechanical arm grabs and stacks the empty crucibles in the second crucible frame one by one through continuous movement in X, Y, Z three directions;

Repeating the second step to the eighth step until the pouring work of the crucibles in all the first crucible frames is completed.

In addition to the above embodiments, the present utility model also includes other embodiments, and all technical solutions that are formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent substitution should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. Automatic upset pouring mechanism is carried to crucible, its characterized in that: the automatic feeding device comprises a pouring box (1) and a hooked conveyer belt (2), wherein the pouring box (1) and the hooked conveyer belt (2) are arranged front and back, a crucible (5) is arranged on the hooked conveyer belt (2), and a turnover guide mechanism (11) matched with the crucible (5) is arranged in the pouring box (1).

2. The crucible conveying automatic overturning and pouring mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: the material pouring box (1) comprises a material pouring box body (1.1), an opening (1.2) is formed in the rear side of the material pouring box body (1.1), and the front end of the conveyor belt (2) with the hook stretches into the opening (1.2).

3. The crucible conveying automatic overturning and pouring mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: the conveyor belt with hooks (2) comprises a front roller (2.1) and a rear roller (2.2), a conveyor belt (2.3) is wound between the front roller (2.1) and the rear roller (2.2), and a plurality of hooks (2.4) are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the conveyor belt (2.3).

4. A crucible conveying automatic overturning and pouring mechanism according to claim 3, wherein: the clamping hooks (2.4) comprise a left clamping hook plate (2.4.1) and a right clamping hook plate (2.4.1), and clamping grooves (2.4.2) are formed in the rear sides of the clamping hook plates (2.4.1).

5. The crucible conveying automatic overturning and dumping mechanism according to claim 4, wherein: the clamping groove (2.4.2) comprises a guide chute (2.4.2.1) which is arranged along the front-back direction, and an upper clamping groove (2.4.2.2) and a lower clamping groove (2.4.2.3) are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the front end of the guide chute (2.4.2.1).

6. The crucible conveying automatic overturning and dumping mechanism according to claim 5, wherein: the guide chute (2.4.2.1) is gradually and upwards inclined from back to front.

7. The crucible conveying automatic overturning and pouring mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: the overturning guide mechanism (11) comprises a left guide slideway and a right guide slideway (11.1), and a hollowed-out area is arranged between the left guide slideway and the right guide slideway (11.1).

8. A crucible conveying automatic overturning and pouring mechanism according to claim 3, wherein: the crucible (5) comprises a crucible body (5.1), a hook (5.2) is arranged on the front side of the crucible body (5.1), and the hook (5.2) is matched with the hook (2.4).

9. The crucible conveying automatic overturning and dumping mechanism according to claim 8, wherein: the front hook rod (5.2.1) is arranged along the left-right direction, and the middle part of the front hook rod (5.2.1) is connected with the crucible body (5.1) through the connecting rod (5.2.2).

10. The crucible conveying automatic overturning and dumping mechanism according to claim 9, wherein: the front hook rod (5.2.1) is clamped in the left clamping groove and the right clamping groove (2.4.2).