CN221040716U - Proportional electromagnetic driving device and two-position three-way valve - Google Patents

Proportional electromagnetic driving device and two-position three-way valve Download PDF

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Publication number
CN221040716U
CN221040716U CN202290000406.8U CN202290000406U CN221040716U CN 221040716 U CN221040716 U CN 221040716U CN 202290000406 U CN202290000406 U CN 202290000406U CN 221040716 U CN221040716 U CN 221040716U
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armature
inlet
inlet valve
electromagnetic drive
permanent magnet
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S·科尔本施拉格
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Samson AG
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Samson AG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/10—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with two or more closure members not moving as a unit
    • F16K11/14—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with two or more closure members not moving as a unit operated by one actuating member, e.g. a handle
    • F16K11/16—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with two or more closure members not moving as a unit operated by one actuating member, e.g. a handle which only slides, or only turns, or only swings in one plane
    • F16K11/161—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with two or more closure members not moving as a unit operated by one actuating member, e.g. a handle which only slides, or only turns, or only swings in one plane only slides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/10—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with two or more closure members not moving as a unit
    • F16K11/14—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with two or more closure members not moving as a unit operated by one actuating member, e.g. a handle
    • F16K11/18—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with two or more closure members not moving as a unit operated by one actuating member, e.g. a handle with separate operating movements for separate closure members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0603—Multiple-way valves
    • F16K31/0606—Multiple-way valves fluid passing through the solenoid coil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0675—Electromagnet aspects, e.g. electric supply therefor
    • F16K31/0679—Electromagnet aspects, e.g. electric supply therefor with more than one energising coil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/08—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid using a permanent magnet
    • F16K31/082—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid using a permanent magnet using a electromagnet and a permanent magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/13—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures characterised by pulling-force characteristics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
    • H01F7/1615—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/04—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor
    • F15B13/044—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor operated by electrically-controlled means, e.g. solenoids, torque-motors
    • F15B13/0442—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor operated by electrically-controlled means, e.g. solenoids, torque-motors with proportional solenoid allowing stable intermediate positions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/04—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor
    • F15B13/044—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor operated by electrically-controlled means, e.g. solenoids, torque-motors
    • F15B2013/0448—Actuation by solenoid and permanent magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
    • H01F2007/086—Structural details of the armature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1692—Electromagnets or actuators with two coils

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Abstract

The present utility model relates to a proportional electromagnetic drive device and a two-position three-way valve, for example, an electromagnetic drive device for a two-position three-way valve having a housing, a movable armature composed of a soft magnetic material, a coil arranged radially outside the armature and firmly connected to the housing, and an annular permanent magnet fixedly arranged outside the coil, the permanent magnet being magnetized axially. The armature is in a desired position in the permanent magnet field according to the current flowing through the coil. The drive means allows sensitive proportional control of the valve. It is also simple, easy and inexpensive to manufacture. The shape and mass of the armature can also be optimized.

Description

Proportional electromagnetic driving device and two-position three-way valve
Technical Field
The present utility model relates to an electromagnetic drive device for, for example, a two-position three-way valve and a two-position three-way valve. Directional valves are used in fluid engineering to route working media (e.g., compressed air or hydraulic fluid) to open, block, or change flow direction. The directional valve is described in terms of the number of connections and the number of switch positions. For example, a two-position three-way valve has three positions of communication and two switch positions. The directional valve is typically electromagnetically driven.
Position control of pneumatic control valves, particularly those with "smart" positioners, is typically accomplished by an IP transducer (current-pressure transducer) with a downstream pneumatic amplifier that consumes very little power (a few milliwatts max). The main reason for this is the standardized input signal (4-20 ma) in the process control technology, which also provides energy for the IP transducer (so-called two-wire technology), but also puts demands on explosion protection.
However, modern developments in process control technology mean that such low power consumption will not be a requirement in the future. So-called 4-conductor technology and bus systems allow higher power consumption by control or regulation components. Such systems providing higher electrical performance will become more and more popular as modern communication interfaces (e.g. APL, bluetooth) are increasingly used.
The increased available power allows new approaches to be taken in pneumatically driven control valve position control. A directional valve, in particular a two-position three-way valve, can preferably be used for this purpose.
Background
Electromagnetically driven two-position three-way valves are disclosed, for example, in publications DE102015005369A1 or DE102018124310A 1. These two-position three-way valves use a drive device, but they are not suitable for stepless proportional control of the valve. This is a permanent magnet that is stationary and is placed in a ring between two coils around the valve housing. The permanent magnets are magnetized radially and the resulting magnetic field is used to hold the magnetically controlled armature in the corresponding end position even when de-energized. By energizing the appropriate coil, the armature is pulled out of the respective end position against the magnetic field and then suddenly changed to the other end position, so that one of the two valve seats is alternately opened and closed. The two valve seats are always either fully open or fully closed; the proportional control cannot be realized.
Document DE3905992A1 discloses an electromagnetic drive for a valve, in this case an injection valve, with a similar function. There is also an external radially magnetized annular magnet for holding the magnetic valve needle in the respective end position. The use of energizable coils allows for as rapid a change as possible between these end positions. Proportional control is not possible nor desirable.
From publication DE102015122229A1 an electromagnetically driven valve is known, which can be controlled proportionally. Two coils are used here, which are surrounded by a cylindrical reset sleeve. The armature position can be finely scaled according to the current flowing through the coil. Such an armature is designed as a cylindrical permanent magnet with axial magnetization. This limits the possible armature designs and valve actuation. Because of its design as a permanent magnet, the armature is also quite heavy, which is disadvantageous in terms of impact resistance.
Disclosure of utility model
The object of the present utility model is to provide an improved electromagnetic drive for a valve, in particular a two-position three-way valve, which has proportional properties and is of a construction which is as simple as possible.
Solution scheme
The use of the singular is not intended to exclude the plural and vice-versa, unless otherwise specified.
In order to solve this problem, an electromagnetic drive apparatus for, for example, a two-position three-way valve is proposed. It has a housing and a cylinder axis and an armature. The armature is movable along the cylinder axis and is made of a soft magnetic material. The electromagnetic drive also has at least one coil which is arranged radially outside the armature as seen from the cylinder axis and is firmly connected to the housing. The electromagnetic drive also has a permanent magnet which is arranged radially outside the at least one coil, as seen from the cylinder axis. The permanent magnet is firmly connected to the housing. It is annular and axially magnetized. The permanent magnet and the at least one coil are arranged offset from each other along the cylinder axis. The armature is in a desired position in the permanent magnet field according to the current flowing through the at least one coil.
Such a drive has a very simple construction and still enables sensitive proportional control of the valve. Since the armature is made of a soft magnetic material, many of the limitations and disadvantages of permanent magnet armatures are eliminated. In particular, the armature is simpler to manufacture and therefore more cost effective. The armature may be made by turning, if desired. The special shape of the improved valve drive design is easy to implement, such as holes and/or channels, fastening points for connectors, drives, springs etc. The armature can also be made much lighter than a permanent magnet armature. This reduces the force and thus the electrical energy required for valve actuation. In particular, this also makes the valve drive less sensitive to shocks and/or vibrations.
The shape of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet can be particularly advantageously designed if the permanent magnet extends axially through the annular pole piece in at least one direction. The magnetic field lines may thus be concentrated at a desired location, preferably at the location of the at least one coil. If only one coil is axially offset with respect to the permanent magnet, one pole shoe is sufficient.
It is particularly advantageous if the outer edge of the at least one pole shoe is remote from the permanent magnet and is beveled in the radial direction, to guide the magnetic field through the at least one pole shoe. This helps redirect the field lines and advantageously affects the proportional movement behavior of the armature.
These advantages are enhanced if less than half of the side of the at least one pole shoe facing away from the permanent magnet is not beveled. The chamfer angle is preferably between 30 ° and 60 °, preferably 45 °.
The drive is particularly advantageous with two coils and two pole shoes. One pole shoe and one coil are arranged axially on each side of the permanent magnet. The coils are wound in opposite directions or connected opposite to each other. The coils are ideally arranged in and along the axis at the level of the pole shoes, so that the permanent magnet field is particularly strongly influenced by the coils when they are energized.
Such a drive is largely symmetrical and enables particularly precise and sensitive control of the armature movement.
The drive device is particularly suitable for safety-critical applications if the drive device has a spring connected to the armature, which spring is pretensioned so that the armature is in a safe position when no current flows through the at least one coil. The type of safety position depends on the exact design and use of the valve for which the actuator is used in the individual case. If, for example, a drive device is used in a two-position three-way valve in the control of a compressed air system to position the control valve, the safety position can be set by an armature device, which allows the pressure in the system to drop to, for example, the ambient pressure at which the pressure-reducing valve element opens to its maximum extent. The spring connected to the armature must be stronger than other springs that may be present on the actuated valve.
The proportional movement behaviour of the drive is further improved if the armature has a conical recess at its end. These can be regarded as essentially equivalent or reflecting the inclination of the pole shoes towards the axis, for example preferably with an opening angle of 90 °. The magnetic field is generated by an armature of such a design bundled therein.
The object is also achieved by a two-position three-way valve for controlling and/or regulating a fluid control pressure at an inlet pressure by means of an electrical signal. The two-position three-way valve has three fluid communication: an inlet for fluid at an inlet pressure, a control outlet for fluid at a control pressure, and a reduced pressure outlet for fluid at a base pressure lower than the inlet pressure. Using a two-position three-way valve, fluid communication may be established between the inlet and the control outlet and between the control outlet and the reduced pressure outlet. An inlet valve seat having an inlet valve member is disposed downstream of the inlet, and a pressure relief valve seat having a pressure relief valve member is disposed upstream of the pressure relief outlet. Both the inlet valve member and the pressure relief valve member have closed positions. The two-position three-way valve has a drive arrangement as described above, with the armature actuating the inlet valve member and the pressure relief valve member.
In an advantageous development of the two-position three-way valve, the armature is separated from the inlet valve element and the pressure relief valve element, so that the inlet valve element and the pressure relief valve element only follow the movement of the armature to the respective closed positions. This facilitates proportional actuation of the valve member by the armature.
It is particularly advantageous for the separation that the inlet valve seat is arranged along the cylinder axis, in which case the inlet valve seat and the inlet valve member are oriented such that the inlet valve member is lifted away from the inlet valve seat so as to open in a direction away from the armature. To this end, the two-position three-way valve has an inlet valve actuator that engages around an inlet valve seat from the armature and actuates the inlet valve member rearward. This takes into account the fact that the inlet pressure may be significantly higher than the control pressure.
For the fluid flow in the valve, it is particularly advantageous if the armature has at least one bore extending parallel to the cylinder axis. Fluid may then flow through the aperture.
The armature is preferably designed such that it can directly actuate the pressure relief valve element and/or the inlet valve actuating element. Thus eliminating the need for special actuation caps or other accessories.
Particularly preferred are two-position three-way valve embodiments in which the pressure relief valve member and/or the inlet valve member is pressure relieved. For this purpose, there is typically at least one inlet pressure relief channel providing fluid communication from the inlet to the piston or piston-like element on the inlet valve actuating member and/or at least one outlet pressure relief channel providing fluid communication from the area of the armature to the side of the pressure relief valve member facing away from the armature.
The two-sided pressure relief means that the required magnetic force and thus the control current is almost independent of the fluid supply pressure and the pressure in the area where the armature is located. In particular, it is not necessary to overcome the pressure difference for regulation, which means that the force requirements of the drive device and thus the power consumption are significantly reduced.
Further details and features come from the following description of preferred embodiments with reference to the figures.
The individual features may be implemented individually or in combination with each other. The possible ways for accomplishing the task are not limited to the embodiments. For example, the range information always includes all unrecited intermediate values and all possible sub-ranges.
Drawings
The figure schematically illustrates one embodiment. Specifically, it shows:
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a two-position three-way valve.
List of reference numerals
100. Two-position three-way valve
103. Shell body
106. An inlet
109. Pressure reducing outlet
112. Control room
115. Armature
118. Center hole
121,124 Conical recess
127,130 Tabs or actuating lugs
133,136 Coil
139. Permanent magnet
142,145 Pole pieces
148. Armature spring
151. Pressure reducing valve
154. Inlet valve actuator
157. Inlet valve member
160. Connecting rod
163. Inlet valve seat
166. Spring on inlet valve actuator
169. Inlet pressure relief channel
172. Spring on pressure relief valve element
175. Pressure reducing valve seat
178. Outlet pressure relief channel
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows a two-position three-way valve 100 having a housing 103, an inlet 106 for pressurized fluid and a reduced pressure outlet 109. The control outlet is located on the back side in the illustration and is not visible. Compressed air at a pressure of up to 8bar is generally used as fluid. Within the housing 103 is an inner cavity or control chamber 112, which may be substantially cylindrical and in which the fluid has a set control pressure. The control outlet is in clear communication with the control room 112. In this connection, for example, pneumatic drives for process control valves or the like can be connected directly.
The control chamber has a generally cylindrical armature 115 made of soft magnetic material. Typically, the armature is a turning piece made of magnetizable stainless steel 1.4104 or 1.4105, for example. It has a central bore 118 and conical recesses 121, 124 through which compressed air can flow and protrusions, i.e. actuating lugs 127, 130, at its ends. The armature 115 can smoothly move up and down in the control chamber 112.
The two coils 133, 136 are arranged in a ring and spaced apart from each other around the control chamber 112 and are firmly connected to the housing 103. Outside the housing, a ring-shaped permanent magnet 139 is also firmly connected to the housing 103. It is magnetized axially, in which case the north pole is above and the south pole is below.
Above and below the permanent magnet 139 are two annular pole shoes 142, 145. Each pole piece has a large area bevel on its outer edge. Their shape causes them to concentrate the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 139 and deflect it inwardly in an advantageous manner so that the magnetic field passes through the coils 133, 136 and the armature 115, with the result that the effectiveness of these elements is maximized.
The two coils 133, 136 of the electromagnetic drive are electrically connected in series and wound opposite to each other, or wound in the same direction but connected opposite to each other, which means that current flows through the two coils in opposite directions to each other. If they are energized, a magnetic field is generated that enhances the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 139 on one coil and attenuates it on the other, depending on the direction of the current. Since the armature 115 is made of a soft magnetic material, this causes the force on the armature 115 to pull it to the strongest point of the resulting magnetic field. Thus, the armature 115 position can be arbitrarily adjusted by the current intensity in the coils 133, 136.
The armature 115 is connected to an armature spring 148 which urges the armature 115 into an upper position when the drive means is de-energized. This represents a safety function.
The protrusions or actuation lugs 127, 130 may transfer the armature 115 motion to the pressure relief valve member 151 and the inlet valve actuator 154. The inlet valve actuating member 154 actuates an inlet valve member 157, which in this case is designed as a ball.
The inlet valve actuator 154 has a plurality of arms, i.e., links 160. Preferably there are three such links, but not all of them are visible in the cross-sectional view of the figure. These links engage around the inlet valve seat 163 so that the inlet valve member 157 can be actuated from the side facing away from the armature 115. The spring 166 on the inlet valve actuator also acts on the inlet valve actuator 154 and is biased such that when the inlet valve actuator is not actuated, the spring 166 on the inlet valve actuator urges the inlet valve actuator 154 upward and thus the inlet valve member 157 into the inlet valve seat 163.
The inlet relief passage 169 establishes fluid communication from the inlet 106 to the side of the inlet valve actuator 154 opposite the armature 115. Thus, the inlet pressure acts not only on the inlet valve member 157 but also on the inlet valve actuating member 154, whereby actuation of the inlet valve member 157 requires only a small force of the electromagnetic drive means as no pressure differential has to be overcome.
When the relief valve member 151 is not actuated, the relief valve member 151 is also pressed into the relief valve seat 175 by a spring 172 on the correspondingly preloaded relief valve member. The outlet relief passage 178 establishes fluid communication between the back side of the relief valve member 151 and the control chamber 112, whereby the relief valve member 151 is relieved and thus becomes substantially free of force. Thus, actuation of the pressure relief valve member 151 requires only a small force.
By properly controlling the position of the armature 115, the pressure within the control chamber 112 can be set anywhere between a maximum inlet pressure (e.g., 8 bar) and a base pressure (e.g., 1bar, ambient pressure). The corresponding sensitive position adjustment even allows for adjusting the pressure change rate by ensuring that the inlet valve member 157 and/or the pressure relief valve member 151 are opened further or less widely, whereby differently sized cross sections are opened.
The design of the armature 115 made of soft magnetic material may be, for example, turned, allowing a high degree of flexibility in the particular design of the armature shape for the intended use. In particular, the armature mass can be optimized, which makes the valve drive less sensitive to vibrations and/or shocks. Furthermore, this reduces the drive power consumption during valve actuation.
Vocabulary list
Armature
In electrical engineering, in a narrow sense, an armature refers to a rotor or a rotor electrically active part in a direct current motor and a single-phase series motor, and thus the rotor does not necessarily mean that part rotates. The movable core of the relay, contactor and electromagnet is also called the armature (according to https:// de. Wikipedia/wiki/anker_ (Elektrotechnik)).
Basic pressure
The base pressure refers to the minimum pressure that the fluid contained in the system, device or component can withstand. In many cases this is ambient or atmospheric pressure, typically around 1 bar.
Inlet valve element and pressure relief valve element
The valve member is the element that closes the valve flow opening when pressed against the valve seat. The inlet valve member closes or opens the inlet valve seat behind the inlet of the two-position three-way valve, and the pressure relief valve member closes or opens the pressure relief valve seat in front of the pressure relief outlet of the two-position three-way valve.
Inlet valve seat, pressure relief valve seat
The valve seat generally surrounds the valve flow opening. The valve seat typically forms a counterpart of the valve member, the shape of which is coordinated therewith. This ensures, on the one hand, that the valve is closed and, on the other hand, that the flow cross-section may be associated with the valve member position in a desired manner. The inlet valve seat surrounds the flow opening behind the inlet of the two-position three-way valve, and the relief valve seat surrounds the flow opening in front of the relief outlet of the two-position three-way valve.
Electric (input) signal
The electrical input signal may be a voltage from a voltage source or a current from a power source. The input signal may also be generated by a resistor, a switch or a binary contact. They may be either analog or digital in nature.
Fluid body
Fluid is a generic term for gases and liquids
Permeability of magnetic material
The permeability mu determines the ability of the material to adapt to a magnetic field or, more precisely, the magnetization of the material in an external magnetic field. It therefore determines the permeability of the substance to the magnetic field. Permeability μ is the ratio of magnetic flux density B to magnetic field strength H:
μ＝B/H。
The magnetic field constant mu 0 is a physical constant and represents the vacuum permeability. Vacuum is also imparted to the permeability as magnetic fields may also occur there or electromagnetic fields may propagate. The values of the magnetic field constants in international system of units (SI) are:
μ0＝1.2566…*10-6N/A2≈4π*10-7N/A2。
The permeability value mu r, also known in the past as relative permeability, is the ratio:
μr＝μ/μ0。
This results in a vacuum permeability value of 1.
Magnetic materials can be classified based on their permeability values:
a) Diamagnetic material: mu r is more than or equal to 0 and less than 1
The diamagnetic substance has a slightly lower permeability than vacuum, such as nitrogen, copper or water. Diamagnetic substances tend to squeeze the magnetic field out of their inner row. They are magnetized against the external magnetic field direction.
B) Paramagnetic substances: mu r >1
For most materials the permeability value is slightly larger than 1 (e.g. oxygen, air), a so-called paramagnetic material. In paramagnetic materials, the atomic magnetic moments are oriented in an external magnetic field, thus enhancing the internal magnetic field of the material. So that the magnetization is positive.
C) Ferromagnetic substance: mu r is far greater than 1
Ferromagnetic or soft magnetic materials (iron and ferrite, cobalt, nickel) are particularly important because of their permeability of 300000 > mu r > 300. These substances are often used in electrical engineering (e.g. coils, motors, transformers). The magnetic moment of the ferromagnetic body is oriented parallel to the external magnetic field but in a significantly enhanced manner (according to https:// de. Wikipedia. Org/wiki/MAGNETISCHE _ Permeabilit% C3% A4 t).
Pole shoe
Pole pieces are parts made of materials with high magnetic permeability, such as iron. High permeability means 300000 > mu r > 300. The pole shoes are used to present and distribute the magnetic field lines of the permanent magnets or windings in a defined manner (according to https:// de. Wikipedia org/wiki/Polschuh).
Coil
Coils are windings and winding materials suitable for generating or detecting magnetic fields. They are part of an electrical component or device such as a transformer, relay, motor or speaker. Most coils are made of at least one current conductor winding made of wire, enamelled copper wire, silver-plated copper wire or high-frequency strands, which is usually wound on a coil former (coil carrier) and is mainly equipped with a soft magnetic core (according to https:// de. Wikipedia. Org/wiki/Spule _ (electrical engineering)).
Soft magnetic material
Soft magnetic materials refer to materials that are easily magnetized in a magnetic field. Many soft magnetic materials are ferromagnetic. The soft magnetic material has a relatively low coercivity of less than 1000A/m. The direction of the magnetic flux in the material can be changed only when the external magnetic field exceeds the coercive force.
Hysteresis losses in soft magnetic materials are reduced when the magnetization is reversed compared to hard magnetic materials such as permanent magnets, e.g. kept small in transformers or in alternating fields of generators and motors. As eddy current losses should be reduced in addition to hysteresis losses, resistance increasing alloying additives such as silicon and aluminum (for ferroalloys) are used in soft magnetic materials at typical grid frequencies. At high frequencies, little or no conductive ferrite (ceramic material) is used. The main application of soft magnetic materials is mainly in the field of electrical engineering (according to https:// de. Wikipedia. Org/wiki/WEICHMAGNETISCHE _ Werkstoffe).
Cited documents
Cited patent literature
DE3905992A1，DE102015005369A1，DE102015122229A1，DE102018124310A1。

Claims (16)

1. A proportional electromagnetic drive apparatus, characterized in that the proportional electromagnetic drive apparatus has: the housing and cylinder axis, the armature, at least one coil and the permanent magnet,
Wherein the armature is movable along the cylinder axis;
wherein the armature is composed of a soft magnetic material;
Wherein the at least one coil is arranged radially outside the armature as seen from the cylinder axis;
wherein the at least one coil is fixedly connected to the housing;
Wherein the permanent magnet is arranged radially outside the at least one coil as seen from the cylinder axis;
Wherein the permanent magnet is fixedly connected to the housing;
wherein the permanent magnet is annular;
wherein the permanent magnet is axially magnetized;
wherein the permanent magnet and the at least one coil are arranged in a staggered manner along the axis of the cylinder;
Wherein the armature is in any desired position in the magnetic field of the permanent magnet according to the current flowing through the at least one coil.
2. A proportional electromagnetic drive as claimed in claim 1, wherein the permanent magnets extend in at least one direction in an axial direction through annular pole pieces.
3. A proportional electromagnetic drive as claimed in claim 2, wherein an outer edge of at least one of the pole pieces radially away from the permanent magnet is beveled.
4. A proportional electromagnetic drive as claimed in claim 3, wherein less than half of the side of at least one of the pole shoes facing away from the permanent magnet is not beveled.
5. A proportional electromagnetic drive as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein the chamfer angle is between 30 ° and 60 °.
6. The proportional electromagnetic drive of claim 2, wherein the electromagnetic drive is configured to control the electromagnetic drive,
The proportional electromagnetic driving device is provided with two coils and two pole shoes;
wherein a pole shoe and a coil, respectively, are arranged axially on each side of the permanent magnet; and
Wherein the coils are wound in opposite directions or are connected in opposite directions to each other.
7. The proportional electromagnetic drive of claim 1 having a spring connected to the armature, the spring being preloaded such that the armature is in a safe position when no current is flowing through the at least one coil.
8. The proportional electromagnetic drive of claim 1, wherein the armature has a tapered recess at an end thereof.
9. The proportional electromagnetic drive of claim 1, wherein the proportional electromagnetic drive is designed for a two-position three-way valve.
10. A proportional electromagnetic drive as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein the angle of chamfer is 45 °.
11. A two-position three-way valve for controlling and/or regulating a control pressure of a fluid at an inlet pressure by means of an electrical signal, characterized in that,
The two-position three-way valve has three fluid communication:
An inlet for fluid at an inlet pressure;
a control outlet for fluid at a control pressure;
a reduced pressure outlet for overcoming a fluid of a base pressure lower than the inlet pressure;
Wherein a pressure difference between the inlet and the control outlet and between the two-position three-way valve
Fluid communication between the control outlet and the reduced pressure outlet;
an inlet valve seat with an inlet valve member is connected to the downstream of the inlet;
Wherein, the upstream of the decompression outlet is connected with a decompression valve seat with a decompression valve element;
Wherein the inlet valve member and the pressure relief valve member each have a closed position;
the two-position three-way valve having a proportional electromagnetic drive according to claim 1;
Wherein the armature actuates the inlet valve member and the pressure relief valve member.
12. The two-position three-way valve of claim 11, wherein the armature is separate from the inlet valve member and the pressure relief valve member, i.e., the inlet valve member and the pressure relief valve member follow only movement of the armature to respective closed positions.
13. The two-position three-way valve according to claim 12,
Characterized in that said inlet valve seat is arranged along said cylinder axis;
Wherein the inlet valve seat and the inlet valve member are oriented such that the inlet valve member lifts off the inlet valve seat so as to open in a direction away from the armature; and
Wherein the two-position three-way valve has an inlet valve actuator;
Wherein the inlet valve actuator engages around the inlet valve seat from the armature and actuates the inlet valve member rearwardly.
14. The two-position three-way valve of claim 11, wherein the armature has at least one aperture extending parallel to the cylinder axis.
15. The two-position three-way valve according to claim 13, wherein the armature is designed such that the pressure relief valve element and/or the inlet valve element and/or inlet valve actuating element can be actuated directly.
16. The two-position three-way valve of claim 11, wherein the pressure relief valve member and/or the inlet valve member is pressure relieved.
CN202290000406.8U 2021-04-29 2022-04-29 Proportional electromagnetic driving device and two-position three-way valve Active CN221040716U (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021111032.7A DE102021111032A1 (en) 2021-04-29 2021-04-29 Electromagnetic drive for example for a 3/2-way valve and 3/2-way valve
DEDE102021111032.7 2021-04-29
PCT/EP2022/061501 WO2022229396A1 (en) 2021-04-29 2022-04-29 Electromagnetic drive for a 3/2-way valve, for example, and 3/2-way valve

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN221040716U true CN221040716U (en) 2024-05-28

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202290000406.8U Active CN221040716U (en) 2021-04-29 2022-04-29 Proportional electromagnetic driving device and two-position three-way valve

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Country Link
EP (1) EP4330994A1 (en)
CN (1) CN221040716U (en)
DE (1) DE102021111032A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2022229396A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3119940A (en) * 1961-05-16 1964-01-28 Sperry Rand Corp Magnetomotive actuators of the rectilinear output type
DE3905992A1 (en) 1989-02-25 1989-09-21 Mesenich Gerhard ELECTROMAGNETIC HIGH PRESSURE INJECTION VALVE
US7078833B2 (en) * 2002-05-31 2006-07-18 Minebea Co., Ltd. Force motor with increased proportional stroke
FR2929753B1 (en) * 2008-04-03 2013-09-27 Cedrat Technologies CONTROLLED MAGNETIC ACTUATOR WITH MOBILE IRON.
DE102015005369A1 (en) 2015-04-25 2016-10-27 Wabco Gmbh Bistable solenoid valve for a fluid system, solenoid valve assembly and method of switching the solenoid valve
DE102015005333A1 (en) * 2015-04-25 2016-10-27 Wabco Gmbh Circuit arrangement and method for driving a bistable solenoid valve for a fluid system
DE102015122229A1 (en) 2015-12-18 2017-06-22 Samson Ag Valve
DE102018124310B4 (en) 2018-10-02 2020-08-20 Swoboda Wiggensbach KG Solenoid valve

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WO2022229396A1 (en) 2022-11-03
EP4330994A1 (en) 2024-03-06

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