CN221039608U

CN221039608U - Quick switching polarizing device and microscope

Info

Publication number: CN221039608U
Application number: CN202322861195.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陶素华
Original assignee: Motic China Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Motic China Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-10-24
Filing date: 2023-10-24
Publication date: 2024-05-28
Anticipated expiration: 2033-10-24

Abstract

A quick-switching polarizing device and a microscope comprise a polarizing component, a polarization detection component, a bracket, a control component and a first transmission component; the polarizing component can be rotatably arranged relative to the bracket; the polarization component can be rotatably arranged relative to the bracket, and the polarization component is also connected with the polarization component; the first transmission assembly is connected with the polarizing assembly; the control assembly is movably connected to the bracket along a first direction, is also in transmission connection with the first transmission assembly, can be controlled to move relative to the bracket and drive the first transmission assembly to move, the first transmission assembly moves to drive the polarization assembly to rotate to a working position or a non-working position, and the polarization assembly rotates to drive the polarization assembly to rotate to the working position or the non-working position. The utility model can realize fast light path cutting-in or light path moving-out, and the polarization component are linked, so that the operation is simple.

Description

Quick switching polarizing device and microscope

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of microscopes, in particular to a rapidly-switched polarizing device and a microscope.

Background

The polarized light microscope is a microscope for observing and precisely measuring the details of a specimen or changing physical parameters of a light beam by a transparent object according to the principle of fluctuation optics so as to judge the structure of a substance. The most central component of the polarized microscope is the polarized light module. The polarizing module is divided into two parts: a polarizing group and a analyzing group, wherein the polarizing group is generally located in the illumination light path and the analyzing group is located in the imaging light path.

At present, the existing polarizing module of the polarizing microscope is fixed in a light path and can only be used as special equipment with single purpose, and the purpose is not wide, so that the manufacturing cost is high.

Disclosure of utility model

The utility model aims to overcome the defect of single use of the existing polarized light microscope, and provides a polarized light device and a microscope capable of being switched rapidly.

The utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

The utility model provides a quick switching's polarizing device, includes polarizing component and analysis partial component, its characterized in that: the device also comprises a bracket, a control assembly and a first transmission assembly; the polarizing component can be rotatably arranged relative to the bracket; the polarization component can be rotatably arranged relative to the bracket, and the polarization component is also connected with the polarization component; the first transmission assembly is connected with the polarizing assembly; the control assembly is movably connected to the bracket along a first direction, is also in transmission connection with the first transmission assembly, can be controlled to move relative to the bracket and drive the first transmission assembly to move, the first transmission assembly moves to drive the polarization assembly to rotate to a working position or a non-working position, and the polarization assembly rotates to drive the polarization assembly to rotate to the working position or the non-working position.

Preferably, the control assembly comprises a sliding frame and at least one guide rod; the sliding frame is provided with a driving groove which is perpendicular to the first direction; the guide rod is fixed on the sliding frame and can be movably penetrated in the bracket along a first direction; the first transmission component penetrates through the driving groove, and one end in the axial direction is connected with the polarizing component.

Preferably, the sliding frame comprises a first fixed block, a second fixed block and a switching handle; the first fixed block and the second fixed block are arranged at intervals to form the driving groove; the switching handle is connected with the first fixed block and the second fixed block; the two ends of the guide rod are respectively fixed on the first fixed block and the second fixed block; the support is also provided with a through groove extending along the first direction, and the guide rod movably penetrates through the through groove.

Preferably, a first positioning groove and a second positioning groove distributed along a first direction are formed in one guide rod; the positioning device is fixed on the support, a positioning piece is arranged on one side of the positioning device, which faces the guide rod, and the positioning of the polarizing component and the deviation detecting component at the working position or the non-working position is realized by clamping the end part of the positioning piece in the first positioning groove or the second positioning groove.

Preferably, the bracket is provided with a first rotating shaft which can rotate around a second direction; the polarizing component comprises a first mounting seat and a polarizing sheet, wherein the first mounting seat is rotatably sleeved outside the first rotating shaft, and the polarizing sheet is arranged on the first mounting seat; one end in the axial direction of the first transmission assembly is connected with the first mounting seat.

Preferably, the device further comprises a second transmission assembly, wherein the second transmission assembly is in transmission connection between one end of the first rotating shaft and the polarizing plate; the other end of the first transmission component in the axial direction is in transmission fit with the other end of the first rotating shaft and can be controlled to rotate to drive the second transmission component to drive the polarizing plate to rotate so as to adjust the phase.

Preferably, the first transmission assembly comprises a transmission rod, a thumb wheel and a first gear; the driving rod penetrates through the control assembly, one end of the driving rod is connected with the first mounting seat, the other end of the driving rod is connected with the first gear, and the dial wheel is fixedly connected with the first gear in a coaxial manner; the other end of the first rotating shaft is connected with a second gear to be meshed with the first gear for transmission; and a window is arranged at the position of the control component opposite to the thumb wheel.

Preferably, the second transmission assembly comprises a first wheel, a second wheel and a transmission belt; the first wheel and the second wheel are rotatably arranged on the first mounting seat, and the first wheel and the first rotating shaft are relatively fixed; the second wheel is relatively fixed with the polarizing plate, and the transmission belt is tensioned between the first wheel and the second wheel to transmit.

Preferably, the bracket is provided with a second rotating shaft which can rotate around a second direction; the deflection-detecting assembly comprises a second mounting seat, a connecting rod and a deflection-detecting sheet, wherein the connecting rod is distributed along a second direction and is connected between the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat; the second mounting seat is rotatably sleeved outside the second rotating shaft.

The utility model provides a microscope of quick switch, includes the microscope body, the microscope body is equipped with illumination light path and imaging light path, its characterized in that: the fast switching polarizing device is characterized by further comprising a fast switching polarizing device, the support is fixed relative to the microscope body, the polarizing component is located on the illumination light path when rotating to the working position, and the polarization detecting component is located on the imaging light path when rotating to the working position.

As can be seen from the above description of the present utility model, compared with the prior art, the present utility model has the following advantages:

1. According to the utility model, the polarizing component, the polarization detection component, the bracket, the control component, the first transmission component and the like are arranged, the control component can be controlled to move relative to the bracket and drive the first transmission component to move, the first transmission component drives the polarizing component to rotate to the working position or the non-working position, the polarizing component is driven to rotate to the working position or the non-working position, the polarizing component can be rapidly cut into or moved out of a light path, and the polarizing component and the polarization detection component are linked, so that the operation is simple.

2. According to the utility model, the control assembly comprises the sliding frame and the guide rod, the guide rod is movably arranged on the bracket in a penetrating manner, and the sliding frame is provided with the first fixed block and the second fixed block to form the driving groove so as to drive the first transmission assembly to move, so that the movement operation of the control assembly is smoother and more reliable.

3. The utility model also comprises a positioning device, wherein the guide rod is provided with a first positioning groove and a second positioning groove, the positioning device is provided with a positioning piece, and the positioning polarizing component and the polarization-detecting component are positioned at the working position or the non-working position through the end part of the positioning piece being clamped in the first positioning groove or the second positioning groove.

4. The utility model also comprises a second transmission assembly, wherein the second transmission assembly is connected between the first rotating shaft and the polarizing plate in a transmission way; and the first transmission assembly is in transmission fit with the first rotating shaft and can be controlled to rotate to drive the second transmission assembly to drive the polarizing plate to rotate so as to adjust the phase when the polarizing assembly and the polarization detection assembly are positioned at the working position, and the operation is simple and convenient.

5. In the utility model, the first transmission component comprises a transmission rod, a shifting wheel and a first gear, the transmission rod is in transmission connection with the first rotating shaft through the first gear and the second gear, the shifting wheel is relatively fixed with the first gear, and a window is arranged on a switching handle of the control component so that the shifting wheel is exposed, and the shifting operation is convenient.

6. In the utility model, the microscope comprises a microscope body and a rapidly switched polarizing device, and the rapid switching of bright field observation and polarized light observation functions can be realized by operating the control component, so that the microscope can be used for multiple purposes.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a D-D cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 (working position);

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a diagram of a stent structure;

FIG. 8 is a front view (non-operative position) of the present utility model;

FIG. 9 is a top view (non-operative position) of the present utility model

FIG. 10 is a D-D sectional view of FIG. 8;

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 9;

FIG. 12 is a view of the internal structure of the microscope of the present utility model;

Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view (working position) of fig. 9.

10. The device comprises a bracket, 11, a through groove, 12, a through hole, 13, a first rotating shaft, 14, a second rotating shaft, 15, a rotating shaft sleeve, 16, a rotating shaft hole, 17, a bearing, 18, a second gear, 19, a fixed hole, 20, a polarizing component, 21, a first mounting seat, 22, a polarizing plate, 23, a first gasket, 24, a clamping ring, 30, a polarizing component, 31, a second mounting seat, 32, a connecting rod, 33, a polarizing plate, 34, an antifriction gasket, 35, a locking nut, 40, a control component, 41, a sliding frame, 42, a guide rod, 43, a driving groove, 44, a first fixed block, 45, a second fixed block, 46, a switching handle, 47, a first positioning groove, 48, a second positioning groove, 49, a window, 50, a first transmission component, 51, a transmission rod, 52, a deflector wheel, 53, a first gear, 60, a positioning device, 61, a positioning member, 70, a second transmission component, 71, a first wheel, 72, a second wheel, 73, a transmission belt, 74, a second gasket, a second body, a light path, 81, an imaging microscope, an optical path, and an optical path.

Detailed Description

The utility model is further described below by means of specific embodiments.

The terms "first," "second," and the like in the present utility model are merely for convenience of description to distinguish between different constituent components having the same name, and do not denote a sequential or primary or secondary relationship.

In the description of the present utility model, the directions or positional relationships indicated by "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front" and "rear", etc. are used for convenience of description of the present utility model based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the apparatus referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present utility model.

In addition, in the description of the present application, unless otherwise indicated, "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or", describes an association relationship of an association object, and indicates that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B, and may indicate: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the context-dependent object is an "or" relationship.

Referring to fig. 1 to 12, a fast switching polarizer includes a polarizer 20, a polarization analyzer 30, a bracket 10, a control 40, a first transmission 50, and the like. The polarizing component 20 can be rotatably arranged relative to the bracket 10, the polarization component 30 can be rotatably arranged relative to the bracket 10, and the rotating shafts of the polarizing component 20 and the polarization component 30 can be misaligned. The polarizing assembly 20 is further connected to the polarization analyzer assembly 30, i.e., the polarizing assembly 20 is further coupled to the polarization analyzer assembly 30, such that when the polarizing assembly 20 rotates, the polarization analyzer assembly 30 also rotates. So that the polarizing assembly 20 and the analyzer assembly 30 can be switched between the active and inactive positions simultaneously. The bracket 10 may be used to attach a polarizing device to a microscope in addition to the polarizing assembly 20, the analyzer assembly 30, and the control assembly 40.

The first transmission assembly 50 is coupled to the polarizing assembly 20. The control assembly 40 is movably connected to the bracket 10 along a first direction, the control assembly 40 is further in transmission connection with the first transmission assembly 50, the control assembly 40 can be controlled to move relative to the bracket 10 and drive the first transmission assembly 50 to move, the first transmission assembly 50 moves to drive the polarizing assembly 20 to rotate to the working position or the non-working position, and the polarizing assembly 20 rotates to drive the polarizing assembly 30 to rotate to the working position or the non-working position.

The control assembly 40 includes a sliding frame 41 and at least one guiding rod 42, wherein a driving slot 43 is disposed on the sliding frame 41, the driving slot 43 is used for driving the first transmission assembly 50, and the first transmission assembly 50 can be disposed through the driving slot 43. The guide rod 42 is fixed to the carriage 41, and the guide rod 42 is movably provided through the bracket 10 in the first direction. To ensure a stable and reliable sliding movement between the guide rods 42 and the support frame 10, the control assembly 40 may include two guide rods 42, wherein the guide rods 42 are spaced apart in parallel and are movably engaged with the support frame 10.

In the present utility model, the carriage 41 may be of an integrally formed structure or a split structure, and may be set according to actual conditions. Taking a split structure as an example in the drawing, the carriage 41 includes a first fixed block 44, a second fixed block 45, a switching handle 46, and the like. The first and second fixing blocks 44 and 45 are spaced apart to form the driving groove 43, i.e., the driving groove 43 is formed between opposite sides of the first and second fixing blocks 44 and 45, and the driving groove 43 may be perpendicular to the first direction, which may be rectangular. The switching handle 46 is connected to the first fixed block 44 and the second fixed block 45, and is used for performing a manipulation operation, that is, the switching handle 46 is manipulated to move along a first direction, so that the first fixed block 44, the second fixed block 45 and the driving slot 43 thereof are driven to synchronously move along the first direction, and since one end of the first transmission assembly 50 is connected to the polarizing assembly 20, the first transmission assembly 50 can move along both the first direction and the extending direction of the driving slot 43 under the driving action of the driving slot 43. The switching handle 46 is fastened with the first fixed block 44 and the second fixed block 45 by screws. The two ends of the guide rod 42 are respectively fixed on the first fixed block 44 and the second fixed block 45, and the guide rod 42 and the first fixed block 44 and the second fixed block 45 can be fastened by screws.

The bracket 10 is also provided with a through slot 11 for one of the guide rods 42 to pass through, and the through slot 11 can be positioned on the side of the bracket 10 close to the control assembly 40. The through groove 11 extends in the first direction and penetrates the bracket 10, and when the two ends of the guide rod 42 penetrate the through groove 11, the through groove 11 and the guide rod 42 can be in clearance fit and can slide relatively freely. The guide rod 42 is partially exposed by arranging the through groove 11, and the radial cross section of the through groove 11 can be rectangular. For other guide rods 42, corresponding through holes 12 may be provided in the bracket 10, such that the other guide rods 42 are in movable engagement with the through holes 12, ensuring that the control assembly 40 is movably connected to the bracket 10. The radial cross-section of the through hole 12 may be circular.

After the control module 40 controls the switching, in order to ensure that the polarizing module 20 and the analyzer module 30 are positioned in the current state, a first positioning slot 47 and a second positioning slot 48 distributed along the first direction may be provided on the partially exposed guide rod 42, and configured to: the first positioning groove 47 corresponds to the working position, and the second positioning groove 48 corresponds to the non-working position. The positioning device 60 is fixed on the bracket 10, a positioning piece 61 is arranged on one side of the positioning device 60 facing the guide rod 42 with the first positioning groove 47 and the second positioning groove 48, the positioning piece 61 can move relative to the positioning device 60, and the positioning of the polarizing component 20 and the polarizing component 30 is realized by clamping the end part of the positioning piece 61 in the first positioning groove 47 or the second positioning groove 48 at the working position or the non-working position. When the control assembly 40 moves to the position that the end of the positioning piece 61 is clamped in the first positioning groove 47, the polarizing assembly 20 and the polarization-detecting assembly 30 are positioned at the working positions; when the control assembly 40 moves to the position where the end of the positioning member 61 is clamped in the second positioning groove 48, the polarizing assembly 20 and the analyzer assembly 30 are located at the non-working position.

In practical applications, the shapes of the first positioning groove 47 and the second positioning groove 48 may correspond to the shapes of the end portions of the positioning member 61, and in the drawing, the positioning member 61 may be a common elastic positioning member structure, such as a spring or a ball screw.

Further, the support 10 is provided with a first rotating shaft 13 rotatable around a second direction, the second direction can be perpendicular to the first direction, the support 10 can be provided with a rotating shaft hole 16 for the first rotating shaft 13 to pass through, a rotating shaft sleeve 15 can be fixed in the rotating shaft hole 16, two ends of the rotating shaft sleeve 15 in the second direction can be provided with bearings 17, two ends of the first rotating shaft 13 can be in interference fit with the bearings 17, and two ends of the first rotating shaft 13 pass through end faces of the bearings 17. The rotating shaft sleeve 15 and the rotating shaft hole 16 can be fastened by adopting screws.

The polarizing assembly 20 includes a first mounting seat 21 and a polarizing plate 22, where the first mounting seat 21 is rotatably sleeved outside the first rotating shaft 13, that is, the first mounting seat 21 can rotate around the first rotating shaft 13, and the end of the first rotating shaft 13 can pass through the first mounting seat 21. Two first gaskets 23 can be sleeved at one end of the rotating shaft sleeve 15 opposite to the first mounting seat 21, the two first gaskets 23 are located on the upper side and the lower side of the first mounting seat, the two first gaskets 23 are located between the first mounting seat 21 and the rotating shaft sleeve 15 respectively, and the contact surface between the first mounting seat 21 and the bracket 10 is formed. The rotation axis of the first mount 21 coincides with the rotation axis of the first shaft 13.

After passing through the driving slot 43, one end of the first transmission assembly 50 in the axial direction is connected to the first mounting seat 21. The polarizer 22 is disposed on the first mounting base 21, and the polarizer 22 may be located on a side of the first mounting base 21 away from the first transmission assembly 50. The first shaft 13 is located between the first transmission assembly 50 and the polarizing plate 22.

The utility model further comprises a second transmission assembly 70, wherein the second transmission assembly 70 is in transmission connection between one end of the first rotating shaft 13 penetrating through the first mounting seat 21 and the polarizing plate 22. The other end of the first transmission assembly 50 in the axial direction is in transmission fit with the other end of the first rotating shaft 13, so that the first transmission assembly 50 can be controlled to rotate to drive the second transmission assembly 70 to drive the polarizing plate 22 to rotate to adjust the phase.

Further, the first transmission assembly 50 includes a transmission rod 51, a thumb wheel 52, a first gear 53, and the like. The transmission rod 51 is disposed through the control assembly 40, one end of the transmission rod 51 is connected to the first mounting seat 21, the other end is connected to the first gear 53, the transmission rod 51 can be disposed through the driving slot 43, and the transmission rod 51 is parallel to the first rotating shaft 13. The dial wheel 52 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the first gear 53, and when the dial wheel 52 is rotated, the first gear 53 is also rotated. The other end of the first rotating shaft 13 is connected with a second gear 18, when the transmission rod 51 is driven to move by the driving groove 43, the first gear 53 can rotate around the first rotating shaft 13 to keep meshed transmission with the second gear 18, and meshed transmission between the second gear 18 and the first gear 53 forms a gear transmission structure with a fixed transmission ratio. The second gear 18 and the first shaft 13 can be coaxially rotated by screw fastening. The thumb wheel 52 may also be opposite the switch handle 46, and a window 49 may be disposed at the control assembly 40 opposite the thumb wheel 52, such that the thumb wheel 52 is exposed to the switch handle 46 for easy pulling, and the window 49 may be rectangular.

The second transmission assembly 70 includes a first wheel 71, a second wheel 72, a belt 73, and the like. The first wheel 71 and the second wheel 72 are rotatably disposed on the first mounting seat 21, and corresponding mounting holes are formed in the first mounting seat 21. The first wheel 71 and the first rotating shaft 13 pass through one end of the first mounting seat 21 to be fixed relatively, so that the first wheel 71 can be driven to rotate synchronously when the first rotating shaft 13 rotates. The polarizer 22 is fixed to the second wheel 72 by a clamp ring 24. The belt 73 is tensioned between the first wheel 71 and the second wheel 72 to drive. Wherein, the two end surfaces of the first wheel 71 are respectively provided with a second gasket 74, and one end surface of the second wheel 72 is also provided with a second gasket 74, and the position of the driving belt 73 on the first wheel 71 and the second wheel 72 is limited by the second gasket 74.

Further, the support 10 of the present utility model is further provided with a second rotating shaft 14 rotatable around a second direction, the second rotating shaft 14 is arranged in parallel with the first rotating shaft 13 at intervals, and the support 10 is provided with a rotating shaft hole for installing the second rotating shaft 14. The polarization maintaining assembly 30 includes a second mount 31, a link 32, a polarization maintaining plate 33, and the like. The connecting rod 32 is arranged along the second direction and connected between the first mounting seat 21 and the second mounting seat 31, the connecting rod 32 and the first mounting seat 21 can be relatively fixed, and the connecting rod 32 and the second mounting seat 31 can be connected through grooved pulley transmission, namely, the connecting rod 32, the first rotating shaft 13 and the second rotating shaft 14 are all arranged in parallel. The second mounting seat 31 is rotatably sleeved outside the second rotating shaft 14. When the first mounting seat 21 rotates around the first rotating shaft 13, the second mounting seat 31 is driven to rotate around the second rotating shaft 14 due to the action of the connecting rod 32.

The second mounting seat 31 may be located at one end of the second rotating shaft 14 and the connecting rod 32 away from the first mounting seat 21, and antifriction shims 34 are disposed on two sides of the second rotating shaft 14 and the connecting rod 32 of the second mounting seat 31 in the second direction, and locking nuts 35 are screwed on corresponding ends of the second rotating shaft 14 and the connecting rod 32 to limit displacement of the second mounting seat 31 in the second direction. The second mounting seat 31 is further provided with a plate glass, and the layout of the plate glass and the polarizer 22 on the second mounting seat 31 may be set according to practical situations, which is not limited herein.

Referring to fig. 12-13, the present utility model further provides a fast-switching microscope, which includes a microscope body 80, the microscope body 80 is provided with an illumination light path 81 and an imaging light path 82, and further includes the fast-switching polarizing device, the support 10 is fixed relative to the microscope body 80, the support 10 is provided with a fixing hole 19 for fixing the support 10 to the microscope body 80, the polarizing component 20 is located on the illumination light path 81 when rotating to the working position, and the polarizing component 30 is located on the imaging light path 82 when rotating to the working position.

The specific working principle is as follows:

When the microscope starts polarized light observation, the switching handle 46 is pushed along the first direction, so that the end of the positioning piece 61 is clamped into the first positioning groove 47, the driving groove 43 drives the transmission rod 51 to move, the first mounting seat 21 is driven to rotate until the polarizing plate 22 is at the working position, namely, enters the illumination light path 81 of the microscope body 80, the connecting rod 32 drives the second mounting seat 31 to synchronously rotate until the polarizing plate 33 is at the working position, namely, enters the imaging light path 82 of the microscope body 80, and the microscope body 80 can perform polarized light observation, see fig. 12-13.

When the phase of the polarizing plate 22 is to be adjusted during polarized light observation, the dial wheel 52 can be shifted, and the first wheel 71 of the second transmission assembly 70 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the first rotating shaft 13 due to the meshing transmission of the first gear 53 and the second gear 18, and the second wheel 72 is driven to follow the motion and drive the polarizing plate 22 to synchronously rotate so as to realize the adjustment of the phase of the polarizing plate 22.

When the microscope starts bright field observation, the switching handle 46 is pushed along the first direction, so that the end of the positioning piece 61 is clamped into the second positioning groove 48, the driving groove 43 drives the transmission rod 51 to move, the first mounting seat 21 is driven to rotate until the polarizing plate 22 is at the non-working position, namely, leaves the illumination light path 81 of the microscope body 80, and the connecting rod 32 drives the second mounting seat 31 to synchronously rotate until the polarizing plate 33 is at the non-working position, namely, leaves the imaging light path 82 of the microscope body 80, so that the microscope body 80 can perform bright field observation, and see fig. 8-11.

The foregoing is merely illustrative of specific embodiments of the present utility model, but the design concept of the present utility model is not limited thereto, and any insubstantial modification of the present utility model by using the design concept shall fall within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a quick switching's polarizing device, includes polarizing component and analysis partial component, its characterized in that: the device also comprises a bracket, a control assembly and a first transmission assembly; the polarizing component can be rotatably arranged relative to the bracket; the polarization component can be rotatably arranged relative to the bracket, and the polarization component is also connected with the polarization component; the first transmission assembly is connected with the polarizing assembly; the control assembly is movably connected to the bracket along a first direction, is also in transmission connection with the first transmission assembly, can be controlled to move relative to the bracket and drive the first transmission assembly to move, the first transmission assembly moves to drive the polarization assembly to rotate to a working position or a non-working position, and the polarization assembly rotates to drive the polarization assembly to rotate to the working position or the non-working position.

2. A fast switching polarizer according to claim 1, wherein: the control assembly comprises a sliding frame and at least one guide rod; the sliding frame is provided with a driving groove which is perpendicular to the first direction; the guide rod is fixed on the sliding frame and can be movably penetrated in the bracket along a first direction; the first transmission component penetrates through the driving groove, and one end in the axial direction is connected with the polarizing component.

3. A fast switching polarizer according to claim 2, wherein: the sliding frame comprises a first fixed block, a second fixed block and a switching handle; the first fixed block and the second fixed block are arranged at intervals to form the driving groove; the switching handle is connected with the first fixed block and the second fixed block; the two ends of the guide rod are respectively fixed on the first fixed block and the second fixed block; the support is also provided with a through groove extending along the first direction, and the guide rod movably penetrates through the through groove.

4. A fast switching polarizer according to claim 2, wherein: one of the guide rods is provided with a first positioning groove and a second positioning groove which are distributed along a first direction; the positioning device is fixed on the support, a positioning piece is arranged on one side of the positioning device, which faces the guide rod, and the positioning of the polarizing component and the deviation detecting component at the working position or the non-working position is realized by clamping the end part of the positioning piece in the first positioning groove or the second positioning groove.

5. A fast switching polarizer according to claim 1, wherein: the bracket is provided with a first rotating shaft which can rotate around a second direction; the polarizing component comprises a first mounting seat and a polarizing sheet, wherein the first mounting seat is rotatably sleeved outside the first rotating shaft, and the polarizing sheet is arranged on the first mounting seat; one end in the axial direction of the first transmission assembly is connected with the first mounting seat.

6. The fast switching polarizer of claim 5, wherein: the second transmission assembly is in transmission connection between one end of the first rotating shaft and the polarizing plate; the other end of the first transmission component in the axial direction is in transmission fit with the other end of the first rotating shaft and can be controlled to rotate to drive the second transmission component to drive the polarizing plate to rotate so as to adjust the phase.

7. The fast switching polarizer of claim 5, wherein: the first transmission assembly comprises a transmission rod, a thumb wheel and a first gear; the driving rod penetrates through the control assembly, one end of the driving rod is connected with the first mounting seat, the other end of the driving rod is connected with the first gear, and the dial wheel is fixedly connected with the first gear in a coaxial manner; the other end of the first rotating shaft is connected with a second gear to be meshed with the first gear for transmission; and a window is arranged at the position of the control component opposite to the thumb wheel.

8. The fast switching polarizer of claim 6, wherein: the second transmission assembly comprises a first wheel, a second wheel and a transmission belt; the first wheel and the second wheel are rotatably arranged on the first mounting seat, and the first wheel and the first rotating shaft are relatively fixed; the second wheel is relatively fixed with the polarizing plate, and the transmission belt is tensioned between the first wheel and the second wheel to transmit.

9. The fast switching polarizer of claim 5, wherein: the bracket is provided with a second rotating shaft which can rotate around a second direction; the deflection-detecting assembly comprises a second mounting seat, a connecting rod and a deflection-detecting sheet, wherein the connecting rod is distributed along a second direction and is connected between the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat; the second mounting seat is rotatably sleeved outside the second rotating shaft.

10. The utility model provides a microscope of quick switch, includes the microscope body, the microscope body is equipped with illumination light path and imaging light path, its characterized in that: the fast switching polarizing device of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the bracket is fixed relative to the microscope body, the polarizing component is positioned on the illumination light path when rotating to the working position, and the polarization component is positioned on the imaging light path when rotating to the working position.