CN221032422U

CN221032422U - Geothermal drilling device for carbon dioxide jet rotary drilling

Info

Publication number: CN221032422U
Application number: CN202322938960.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑君; 颜谢材; 窦斌; 田红; 赖孝天
Original assignee: China University of Geosciences
Current assignee: China University of Geosciences
Priority date: 2023-11-01
Filing date: 2023-11-01
Publication date: 2024-05-28
Anticipated expiration: 2033-11-01

Abstract

The utility model discloses a geothermal drilling device for carbon dioxide jet rotary drilling, which relates to the technical field of drilling and comprises a drilling system, a jet system, a control system and a control system, wherein the drilling system comprises a drill bit, a drill rod, a drilling machine, a drilling tower and a slurry pump; the drill bit is provided with a flushing fluid port and a jet water port, a drilling fluid channel and a jet channel which are respectively communicated with the flushing fluid port and the jet water port are arranged in the drill bit, and the drill bit is connected with the drill rod through a connector; the dry ice grinding machine is communicated with the inner pipe of the drill pipe through the heating pressurizer, the slurry pump is communicated with the gap between the inner pipe and the outer pipe of the drill pipe through the heating pressurizer, and the control valve is arranged on a pipeline connecting the heating pressurizer and the inner pipe of the drill pipe; the control valve, the slurry pump, the drilling machine, the dry ice grinding machine and the heating pressurizer are respectively and electrically connected with the control center. The utility model can reduce the abrasion of the drill bit, improve the drilling efficiency and reduce the production cost.

Description

Geothermal drilling device for carbon dioxide jet rotary drilling

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of drilling, in particular to a geothermal drilling device for carbon dioxide jet rotary drilling.

Background

As drilling depths increase, so does the extremely hard rock formations encountered during drilling. Particularly in the dry hot rock exploitation process, as the dry hot rock is mostly high-temperature hard rock, on one hand, the influence of the hard rock is received during drilling, the drilling speed is low, the drill bit is seriously worn, and on the other hand, the working environment of the drill bit is severe due to the high-temperature environment, so that the service life of the drill bit is shortened, the efficiency of the dry hot rock exploitation is seriously influenced by more frequent shutdown and bit replacement, and the exploitation cost is increased. In recent years, PDC drill bits are mainly used abroad, and this problem is solved by optimizing the drill bit structure, improving the quality of diamond and increasing the weight on bit in the drilling process. However, the method has higher requirements on the processing technology of the drill bit, increases the manufacturing cost of the drill bit, and cannot avoid the problems of cracking and falling of the PDC surface layer during the drilling of hard rock. At present, the method for solving the hard rock stratum in China mainly uses a soft matrix body to weld a high-strength blade, and uses a high-bit pressure drilling method to improve the drilling speed, but still has the problem that the blade is easy to fall off. In order to accelerate the drilling efficiency in hard rock, a new technique is needed to solve these problems.

Disclosure of utility model

The utility model aims to provide a geothermal drilling device for carbon dioxide jet rotary drilling, which solves the problems of the prior art, can reduce drill bit abrasion, improve drilling efficiency and reduce production cost.

In order to achieve the above object, the present utility model provides the following solutions:

The utility model provides a geothermal drilling device for carbon dioxide jet rotary drilling, which comprises a drilling system, a jet system and a control system, wherein the drilling system comprises a drill bit, a drill rod, a drilling machine, a drilling tower and a slurry pump, and the jet system comprises a dry ice grinding machine, a control valve, a heating pressurizer and a control center;

The drilling end of the drill bit is provided with a flushing fluid port and a jet water port, the drill bit is internally provided with a drilling fluid channel and a jet channel which are respectively communicated with the flushing fluid port and the jet water port, and the drill bit is connected with the drill rod through a connector; the connector comprises a connector inner pipe and a connector outer pipe, the drill rod comprises a drill rod inner pipe and a drill rod outer pipe, the drilling fluid channel is communicated with the inner pipe gap and the outer pipe gap of the drill rod through the inner pipe gap and the outer pipe gap of the connector, and the jet channel is communicated with the drill rod inner pipe through the connector inner pipe;

The dry ice grinding machine is connected with the heating pressurizer and is communicated with the inner pipe of the drill pipe through the heating pressurizer, the slurry pump is connected with the heating pressurizer and is communicated with the gap between the inner pipe and the outer pipe of the drill pipe through the heating pressurizer, and the control valve is arranged on a pipeline connecting the heating pressurizer and the inner pipe of the drill pipe;

the control valve, the slurry pump, the drilling machine, the dry ice grinding machine and the heating pressurizer are respectively and electrically connected with the control center.

Preferably, the drill bit is a cemented carbide full-face drilling drill bit, three cemented carbide blades are arranged at the drilling end of the drill bit, and a plurality of cemented carbide blades which are uniformly distributed are arranged on each cemented carbide blade.

Preferably, the flushing fluid water gap is respectively arranged between two adjacent cemented carbide blades, the jet water gap is arranged in the middle of the drill bit, the inner and outer pipe gaps of the drill bit form the drilling fluid channel, and the inner pipe inner cavity of the drill bit forms the jet channel.

Preferably, a nozzle is arranged between the jet channel and the jet water gap, and a filter screen is arranged between the nozzle and the jet water gap.

Preferably, the lower extreme of connector inner tube with the connector outer tube all is equipped with the internal thread, be used for respectively with the inner tube and the outer tube threaded connection of drill bit, the upper end of connector outer tube be equipped with the internal thread, be used for with drilling rod outer tube lower extreme threaded connection, the inside joint spare that is equipped with of upper end of connector inner tube, the inside joint spare that is equipped with of lower extreme of drilling rod inner tube with joint spare complex joint, joint spare cooperation joint with connect the connector inner tube with the drilling rod inner tube.

Preferably, the drill rod outer tube is close to its lower extreme screw thread department and is equipped with sliding part, the cover is equipped with drill rod spring and two spring holders on the sliding part, the drill rod spring set up in two between the spring holder, the spring holder can be followed sliding part axial slip, the upper end of drill rod outer tube is equipped with flange, the upper end of drill rod outer tube still is equipped with the bumper shock absorber.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following technical effects:

According to the geothermal drilling device for rotary drilling of the carbon dioxide jet, in the dry and hot rock exploitation process, the carbon dioxide jet can break the rock, so that the crack development is staggered and the strength is greatly reduced in the rock, the broken rock and the drilling efficiency of rotary drilling are further improved directly, the abrasion of a drill bit is reduced, the exploitation cost is reduced, on the other hand, the supercritical carbon dioxide after breaking the rock can cool the drill bit, so that the drill bit is protected from being damaged by high temperature, the service life of the drill bit is prolonged, and in addition, rock chips can be carried in a suspending manner, and the well wall is stabilized.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a geothermal drilling device for rotary drilling with carbon dioxide jet provided by the utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a drill rod according to the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a connector according to the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a drill bit according to the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of a drill bit according to the present utility model;

Fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a geothermal drilling method by carbon dioxide jet rotary drilling.

In the figure: 1-drilling tower, 2-control center, 3-control valve, 4-drilling machine, 5-dry ice grinding machine, 6-heating pressurizer, 7-slurry pump, 8-slurry pond, 9-annular space, 10-jet channel, 11-drilling fluid channel, 12-well wall, 13-broken rock stratum, 14-connecting flange, 15-damper, 16-drill pipe inner pipe, 17-drill pipe spring, 18-clamping head, 19-clamping piece, 20-nozzle, 21-filter screen, 22-carbide blade, 23-flushing fluid mouth, 24-jet water mouth, 25-drill bit, 26-drill pipe, 27-connector, 28-connector inner pipe, 29-connector outer pipe, 30-drill pipe outer pipe, 31-carbide blade, 32-sliding part, 33-spring seat.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

The utility model aims to provide a geothermal drilling device for carbon dioxide jet rotary drilling, which solves the problems in the prior art, can reduce drill bit abrasion, improve drilling efficiency and reduce production cost.

In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present utility model will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the utility model will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the embodiment provides a geothermal drilling device for carbon dioxide jet rotary drilling, which comprises a drilling system, wherein the drilling system comprises a drill bit 25, a drill rod 26, a drilling machine 4, a drilling tower 1 and a slurry pump 7, and also comprises a jet system, and the jet system comprises a dry ice grinding machine 5, a control valve 3, a heating pressurizer 6 and a control center 2;

The drilling end of the drill bit 25 is provided with a flushing fluid port 23 and a jet water port 24, the drill bit 25 is internally provided with a drilling fluid channel 11 and a jet channel 10 which are respectively communicated with the flushing fluid port 23 and the jet water port 24, and the drill bit 25 is connected with a drill rod 26 through a connector 27; the connector 27 comprises a connector inner tube 28 and a connector outer tube 29, the drill rod 26 comprises a drill rod inner tube 16 and a drill rod outer tube 30, the drilling fluid channel 11 is communicated with the inner tube gap and the outer tube gap of the drill rod 26 through the inner tube gap and the outer tube gap of the connector 27, and the jet channel 10 is communicated with the drill rod inner tube 16 through the connector inner tube 28;

The dry ice grinding machine 5 is connected with the heating pressurizer 6 and is communicated with the drill pipe inner pipe 16 through the heating pressurizer 6, the slurry pump 7 is connected with the heating pressurizer 6 and is communicated with the gap between the inner pipe and the outer pipe of the drill pipe 26 through the heating pressurizer 6, and the control valve 3 is arranged on a pipeline for connecting the heating pressurizer 6 and the drill pipe inner pipe 16;

The control valve 3, the slurry pump 7, the drilling machine 4, the dry ice grinding machine 5 and the heating pressurizer 6 are respectively and electrically connected with the control center 2.

The device can control the dry ice grinding machine 5 and the heating pressurizer 6 to generate high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide through the control center 2 in the rotary drilling process, and the high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide is emitted from the jet water gap 24 through the drill pipe inner pipe 16 and the jet flow channel 10 in the drill bit 25, so that broken rock at the bottom of a hole is formed, the drilling efficiency is quickened, the drill bit abrasion can be reduced, the energy consumption is reduced, the production cost is reduced, and because a special pipeline is designed for jet flow, the circulation of drilling fluid is not influenced in the jet flow process, and the device has great significance for the stability of the well wall, the clearing of rock chips at the bottom of the hole and the lubrication and cooling of the drill bit. The adoption carbon dioxide jet is more efficient and environment-friendly, the efficiency of the carbon dioxide jet is far higher than that of a water jet and a nitrogen jet, the consumption of resources can be greatly reduced, carbon dioxide generated by the jet is environment-friendly and does not react with drilling fluid and stratum, and the effects of cleaning and cooling a drill bit and stabilizing a well wall are achieved, so that the drill bit is prevented from being scrapped due to the excessively high temperature. In addition, the device can be well utilized in other fields such as geological exploration, petroleum exploration and the like.

In this embodiment, the drill bit 25 is a cemented carbide full-face drilling drill bit, the drilling end of the drill bit 25 is provided with three cemented carbide blades 31, the three cemented carbide blades 31 are uniformly arranged at 120 ° intervals, and each cemented carbide blade 31 is provided with a plurality of cemented carbide blades 22 uniformly distributed for cutting rock.

In this embodiment, a flushing fluid nozzle 23 is respectively disposed between two adjacent cemented carbide blades 31, a jet fluid nozzle 24 is disposed in the middle of a drill bit 25, a drilling fluid channel 11 is formed by a gap between an inner tube and an outer tube of the drill bit 25, and a jet fluid channel 10 is formed by an inner tube cavity of the drill bit 25. The multi-nozzle hard alloy drill bit in the embodiment has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design, convenient use and low cost, can adjust and select whether to perform jet work according to actual working conditions, is mutually independent and is not influenced by the jet water nozzle 24 and the flushing fluid nozzle 23, and can effectively reduce the weakening of drilling fluid on jet rock breaking.

In this embodiment, a nozzle 20 is disposed between the jet channel 10 and the jet nozzle 24, and a filter screen 21 is disposed between the nozzle 20 and the jet nozzle 24. The high pressure supercritical carbon dioxide fluid can be sprayed out through the nozzle 20 to form high pressure jet flow, and the filter screen 21 plays a role in filtering the fluid.

In this embodiment, the lower ends of the inner connector pipe 28 and the outer connector pipe 29 are respectively provided with internal threads for being in threaded connection with the inner pipe and the outer pipe of the drill bit 25, the upper end of the outer connector pipe 29 is provided with internal threads for being in threaded connection with the lower end of the outer drill pipe 30, the inside of the upper end of the inner connector pipe 28 is provided with a clamping piece 19, the inside of the lower end of the inner drill pipe 16 is provided with a clamping joint 18 matched with the clamping piece 19, and the clamping joint 18 is matched and clamped with the clamping piece 19 to connect the inner connector pipe 28 and the inner drill pipe 16. Adopt threaded connection mode, simple to operate is swift. The clamping connection between the clamping piece 19 and the clamping connector 18 facilitates the simultaneous clamping connection between the connector inner tube 28 and the drill rod inner tube 16 when the connector outer tube 29 and the drill rod outer tube 30 are in threaded connection. The clamping connector 18 is a conical head, the clamping piece 19 comprises two clamping rods which are connected through rotation of a rotating shaft, a clamping protrusion is arranged at one end, close to the clamping connector 18, of each clamping rod, a torsion spring is arranged at the rotating shaft, after the clamping connector 18 is inserted between the two clamping rods, the clamping connector 18 is clamped by the clamping protrusions at the end parts of the two clamping rods under the action of the torsion springs, and therefore the inner pipe 28 of the connector is connected with the inner pipe 16 of the drill rod in a clamping mode.

In this embodiment, the screw thread of the outer pipe 30 of the drill pipe near the lower end thereof is provided with a sliding part 32, the sliding part 32 is sleeved with a drill pipe spring 17 and two spring seats 33, the drill pipe spring 17 is arranged between the two spring seats 33, the spring seats 33 can axially slide along the sliding part 32, the upper end of the outer pipe 30 of the drill pipe is provided with a connecting flange 14, and the upper end of the outer pipe 30 of the drill pipe is also provided with a shock absorber 15. The drill rod spring 17 and the spring seat 33 can reduce the inertia impact on the drill rod during the operation of lifting and putting the drill rod, and also play a role in buffering and protecting parts such as a lifter, a steel wire rope, a main winch and the like; the connecting flange 14 at the upper end of the outer pipe 30 is used for connecting with other sections of drill pipes above the connecting flange. The shock absorber 15 can reduce the shaking, vibration and the like of the drill rod 26 in the drilling process, thereby playing a role in stabilizing the drilling tool.

A geothermal drilling method of carbon dioxide jet rotary drilling, based on the geothermal drilling device of carbon dioxide jet rotary drilling, comprising the following steps:

S1: determining a drilling hole to be measured, installing a drilling tower 1, a drilling machine 4 and a control center 2, excavating a slurry pool 8, arranging a slurry pump 7, and then installing a dry ice grinding machine 5 and a heating pressurizer 6; connecting a slurry pump 7 and a dry ice grinding machine 5 to the heating pressurizer 6 by using pipelines, connecting the heating pressurizer 6 to the drill pipe inner pipe 16 and the drill pipe outer pipe 30 by using concentric pipelines, enabling pressurized carbon dioxide and drilling fluid to flow into inner pipe gaps and outer pipe gaps of the drill pipe inner pipe 16 and the drill pipe 26 respectively, and installing a control valve 3 between the drill pipe inner pipe 16 and the inner pipe of the concentric pipelines;

S2: connecting the drill bit 25 with the connector 27 and mounting the connector 27 to the drill rod 26, mounting the drill rod 26 on the drilling machine 4 and hanging from the derrick 1;

S3: starting a slurry pump 7, circulating drilling fluid through a gap between an inner pipe and an outer pipe of a drill rod 26 and an annular space 9 in a drilled hole, enabling the drill rod 26 to descend to the bottom of the hole by operating a winch of a drilling machine 4, and operating a gyrator of the drilling machine 4 to perform rotary rock breaking; the annular space 9 refers to the annular gap formed between the borehole wall 12 and the drill rod 26 and the drill bit 25;

s4: starting a dry ice grinding machine 5 to manufacture carbon dioxide required by jet flow, and conveying the carbon dioxide to a heating pressurizer 6; the control valve 3 is controlled to be opened through the control center 2, high-pressure carbon dioxide fluid is transported to the drill rod inner pipe 16, high-pressure jet flow is generated at the bottom of the hole, rock is crushed, jet flow work is stopped after the rock is crushed for a period of time, and the drilling machine 4 is operated to perform rotary drilling;

S5: and (4) repeating the step (S4) and repeating the carbon dioxide jet rotary drilling.

During drilling, the jet intensity and interval are adjusted by the control centre 2 according to the nature of the hole bottom rock. The control center 2 can adjust the drilling fluid and the carbon dioxide flow by using the control valve 3 according to the actual condition of the hole bottom, so that jet flow-drilling circulation is realized, the drilling efficiency is improved, and the use of carbon dioxide is reduced.

In step S1, a slurry pond 8 is excavated at a position adjacent to a water source and a drill hole, and a slurry pump 7 is arranged at the side of the pond.

Compared with other jet flows, the supercritical carbon dioxide jet flow adopted by the utility model has the advantages that compared with the water jet flow, the supercritical carbon dioxide jet flow has lower nozzle pressure energy loss and higher thermal cracking effect; compared with nitrogen jet, the supercritical carbon dioxide jet has higher jet impact shear force, ablation force and thermal cracking effect. In addition, the carbon dioxide generated by jet flow can wash and cool the drill bit, so that the damage of rock debris to the drill bit is reduced, and the service life of the drill bit is prolonged.

According to the utility model, through designing concentric pipe drilling tool equipment, a jet flow channel is arranged in the drilling tool, so that jet flow work can be performed while drilling fluid is used for circulation, and the problem of shallow application depth can be solved; and jet media are not limited to carbon dioxide, and can be replaced by connecting other instruments and equipment, so that the device is more flexible.

According to the utility model, a working mode of periodic adjustment is adopted, the jet intensity and the interval are adjusted at intervals by using a control center according to the actual drilling condition of the hole bottom, so that the use requirement of actual engineering is met as much as possible, and the working efficiency is improved; and the consumption of jet flow can be reduced to the minimum, and the consumption of resources is reduced.

The method is suitable for the exploitation of the dry hot rock, not only can solve the problem that the dry hot rock is hard and difficult to exploit, but also can solve the problem that the exploitation environment temperature is too high, thereby improving the exploitation efficiency, reducing the exploitation cost and improving the feasibility of the exploitation of the dry hot rock.

The principles and embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present utility model; also, it is within the scope of the present utility model to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the utility model.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a geothermal drilling device of carbon dioxide efflux rotary drilling, includes the drilling system, the drilling system includes drill bit, drilling rod, rig, derrick and slush pump, its characterized in that: the system also comprises a jet system, wherein the jet system comprises a dry ice grinding machine, a control valve, a heating pressurizer and a control center;

2. The geothermal drilling apparatus for rotary drilling of carbon dioxide jets of claim 1 wherein: the drill bit is a hard alloy full-face drilling drill bit, three hard alloy blades are arranged at the drilling end of the drill bit, and a plurality of uniformly distributed hard alloy blades are arranged on each hard alloy blade.

3. The geothermal drilling device for rotary drilling of carbon dioxide jets of claim 2 wherein: the flushing fluid water gap is arranged between two adjacent cemented carbide blades, the jet water gap is arranged in the middle of the drill bit, the gap between the inner pipe and the outer pipe of the drill bit forms the drilling fluid channel, and the inner cavity of the inner pipe of the drill bit forms the jet fluid channel.

4. The geothermal drilling apparatus for rotary drilling of carbon dioxide jets of claim 1 wherein: and a nozzle is arranged between the jet channel and the jet water gap, and a filter screen is arranged between the nozzle and the jet water gap.

5. A geothermal drilling apparatus for rotary drilling of carbon dioxide jets according to claim 3 wherein: the inner pipe of the connector with the lower extreme of the outer pipe of the connector is equipped with the internal thread respectively be used for with the inner pipe and the outer pipe threaded connection of drill bit, the upper end of the outer pipe of the connector be equipped with the internal thread, be used for with the outer pipe lower extreme threaded connection of drilling rod, the inside joint spare that is equipped with of upper end of the inner pipe of the connector, the inside joint spare complex joint that is equipped with of lower extreme of the inner pipe of the drilling rod, joint spare with joint spare cooperation joint is in order to connect the inner pipe of the connector with the inner pipe of the drilling rod.

6. The geothermal drilling apparatus of claim 5, wherein: the drill rod outer tube is close to its lower extreme screw thread department and is equipped with the sliding part, the cover is equipped with drill rod spring and two spring holders on the sliding part, the drill rod spring set up in two between the spring holder, the spring holder can be followed the sliding part axial slip, the upper end of drill rod outer tube is equipped with flange, the upper end of drill rod outer tube still is equipped with the bumper shock absorber.