CN2210261Y

CN2210261Y - Wear-resistant guide blade structure of water turbine

Info

Publication number: CN2210261Y
Application number: CN94227330U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 涂建炎; 涂永忠
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1994-03-21
Filing date: 1994-03-21
Publication date: 1995-10-18
Anticipated expiration: 2004-03-21

Abstract

The utility model relates to the new wear-resistant guide blade structure of a water turbine. The utility model is characterized in that a silt guiding skirt edge with an inclined curved surface is additionally arranged outside the two end surfaces of the guide blade in a symmetric shape, and the inside of the lower end surface of the silt guiding skirt edge is drilled and slotted for loading a compression spring and a cross slide block. The adjustable elastic slide block is utilized to make the end surface of the guide blade cling to the upper and the lower wear-resistant plates of the water turbine. When the utility model is operated, the clearance of the end surface is automatically controlled and kept to be the minimum value, the serious abrasion and the damage of the position of the guide blade are effectively lightened, an overhaul period is extended, and the utility model has obvious economical and social benefits for the technical reformation, the popularization and the application of a mixed flow type machine with medium and high water heads and multiple silt water quality.

Description

Wear-resistant guide blade structure of water turbine

A kind of novel anti abrasion guide vane structure of high head high concentration of sediment water quality Francis turbine during the utility model relates to.

Be that the serious abrasion at center destroys with the water distributor being the difficult common fault that contains husky multiphase flow water quality, middle high head hydroelectric power plant Francis turbine, jeopardizing the power plant safety economical operation for a long time, is to produce to go up technical problem anxious to be solved.

Traditional design centering high head mixed-flow unit often recommends to adopt asymmetrical positive and negative curvature stator, but shows from High Speed Photography.Because flow velocity is high in the gate vane channel, not only its flow conductivity is extremely low, isolates a series of vortexs and " cavitation cloud " on the contrary sensitively, causes the overcurrent effective section " to silt up ", forms local turbulent eddy backwater district.Therefore, in order to reduce hydraulic loss, should adopt the symmetric form stator.

Usually when volute does not fill press water, gap, stator upper and lower end face is evenly to reach designing requirement, but in running, hydraulic pressure makes top cover, base ring distortion, produce " wedge gap " that enlarge, occur gap " secondary channelling " thus, cavitation of clearance and silt high frequency high attack angle bump are superimposed, and disturb main flow and cause serious consequence.In order to avoid " wedge gap " to occur as far as possible.Generally make precision and the measure that strengthens top cover and base ring structural rigidity (corresponding increase material weight) with improving stator in recent years, this just means that the equipment replacement investment cost increases severely; As break down, must rely on and return manufactory's repairing, just can reach design accuracy, obviously management, operation production and the technological improvement to existing water power plant all is extremely uneconomic.

The purpose of this utility model is that a kind of water turbine novel anti abrasion guide vane structure is provided at the deficiencies in the prior art, it is under the prerequisite that does not change existing passage component rigidity and size, set up the curved surface facilities such as " shirt rims " of inclination in two ends of stator, by improving waterpower fluidised form and sediment movement track, automatically the way that keeps minimum end clearance realizes slowing down abrasion and decreases ring.

The water turbine novel anti abrasion guide vane structure that the utility model provides as shown in Figure 1.

Fig. 1 is water turbine novel anti abrasion stator unitary side cut-away view,

(1) bolt, (2) nut, (3) soft spring, (4) cross slide block, (5) hard spring, (6) spacer, (7) training for sediment shirt rim, (8) axle journal on the stator, (9) locking bolt, (10) bolt center hole, (11) connecting bolt, (12) wearing plate, facing plate on the top cover, wearing plate, facing plate under (13) base ring

Fig. 2 is the whole A-A cut-away view of stator

Fig. 3 is that stator lower end surface (bottom) worm's eye view Fig. 4 is a stator lower end surface C-C cut-away view

Fig. 5 is that stator shirt rim partial sectional view Fig. 6 is a stator shirt rim B-B cut-away view

Wear-resistant guide blade structure of water turbine is the curved surface training for sediment shirt rim (7) of setting up inclination in two ends of stator, the one-sided width of shirt rim is 20-200mm, apart from lower surface 16-160mm place stator is cut into two sections at lower axle journal, at stator lower surface boring fluting, need in porous, be respectively charged into spacer (6) and compression hard spring (5) according to design, the cross slide block (4) of in groove, packing into, two sections that stator are cut into connecting bolt (11) and seam location connect into integral body, regulating spring (5) pressure makes under cross slide block (4) and the base ring wearing plate, facing plate (13) be close to, and the reaction force by spring (5), wearing plate, facing plate on stator upper surface and the top cover (12) is close to, in the hole slot of guide-vane lower shaft neck, insert locking bolt (9), locking bolt length equals lower axle journal diameter, locking bolt (9) is affixed on the lower surface of cross slide block (4) by slinky spring in the hole (3) top, by locking with nut (2) behind bolt (1) adjusting slinky spring (3) pressure, be drilled with the through hole (10) of φ 6-φ 12 at the central axis of bolt (1), in order to discharge ponding and the silt of seepage.

The utility model is to realize like this, spacer (6) and compression hard spring (5) are packed in the hole of stator lower end, in groove, be pressed into crosshead shoe (4), two sections that stator are cut into connecting bolt (11) and seam location connect into integral body, regulating spring (5) pressure makes under cross slide block (4) and the base ring wearing plate, facing plate (13) be close to, and by the reaction force of spring (5) wearing plate, facing plate on stator upper surface and the top cover (12) is close to, insert locking bolt (9) in the hole slot of guide-vane lower shaft neck, locking bolt (9) is affixed on the lower surface of cross slide block (4) by slinky spring in the hole (3) top. During installation, first adjusting bolt (1) extends upward its cylinder polished rod, by holding out against locking bolt (9) cross slide block (4) is pressed in the groove, with nut (2) locking; During work, again bolt (1) is transferred pine, made the cross slide block (4) can be up and down in groove. Make the end clearance automatically control and remain on minimum value, play sealing function, thereby tackle and automatically seal each to the secondary channelling of (positive side), comprehensively realized eliminating the local separation of flow, silt high energy impact as far as possible, the abrasion such as gap channelling and cavitation interference damage root.

The utlity model has following advantage:

1. under the rigidity that does not change existing unit parts and stator dirivig member, size prerequisite, two ends of stator are set up the curved surface training for sediment shirt rim of inclination, eliminated the axle journal bulge from structure, slowed down the bump of the intensive high attack angle of silt, enlarged the topped area in slit, the serious abrasion that alleviates the stator position effectively damages, and has prolonged the overhaul life greatly.

2. the axle journal place cuts into two sections with it under stator, and it is easy to processing with meaning, and can not influence the own intensity of usability and structure after the assembling formation integral body.Following axle journal is bent, twisting stress is less because of the bottom stator reaches, and following axle journal is short, can not relate to assembly precision and fit dimension.

3. adopt bolt and spacer to regulate elastic force, when rotating with the assurance stator, upper-end surface and bottom cross slide block can be close to wearing plate, facing plate, reach the effect of interception gap secondary channelling.

4. descend set locking bolt extraction mechanism of axle journal and bolt puller mechanism to make the maintenance loading and unloading very convenient; During dismounting, only need locking bolt is extracted from the side, the cross slide block falls under the hard spring effect automatically, takes out and changes, and is very easy.

5. the main and supporting use of symmetric form stator of the utility model structure can reach the optimum state; When being used for asymmetric positive and negative curvature stator, also having obvious anti-abrasion and damage effect, and improve it and stream the waterpower state.Therefore, to the transformation of existing middle and high head high concentration of sediment water quality mixed-flow unit and apply, remarkable economic efficiency and social benefit are arranged.

Embodiment

The water turbine novel anti abrasion guide vane structure that the utility model provides as shown in Figure 1, it has simple in structure, easily manufactured, non-standard components such as movable guide vane, wearing plate, facing plate, cross slide block and locking bolt can be in enginerring works' casting and machining manufacturing, standard piece and link etc. can be bought in market, and those skilled in the art can be pressed drawing assembling, debugging and normal running.

Claims

A kind of water turbine novel anti abrasion guide vane structure, contain movable guide vane, base ring wearing plate, facing plate and top cover wearing plate, facing plate, it is characterized in that this water turbine novel anti abrasion guide vane structure is the curved surface training for sediment shirt rim (7) of setting up inclination in two ends of stator, the one-sided width of shirt rim is 20-200mm, apart from lower end surface 16-160mm place stator is cut into two sections at following axle journal, boring fluting on the stator lower end surface, need in porous, be respectively charged into spacer (6) and compression hard spring (5) according to design, the cross slide block (4) of in groove, packing into, two sections that stator are cut into connecting bolt (11) and seam location connect into integral body, Regulation spring (5) pressure makes under cross slide block (4) and the base ring wearing plate, facing plate (13) be close to, and the reaction force by spring (5), wearing plate, facing plate on stator upper-end surface and the top cover (12) is close to, under stator, insert locking bolt (9) in the hole slot of axle journal, locking bolt length equals axle journal diameter down, locking bolt (9) is affixed on the lower end surface of crosshead shoe (4) by soft spring in the hole (3) top, by locking with nut (2) behind bolt (1) adjusting soft spring (3) pressure, on the central axis of bolt (1), be drilled with the through hole (10) of φ 6-φ 12.