CN221007187U - Solid-state hydrogen storage testing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a solid-state hydrogen storage testing device which comprises a temperature monitoring unit, a first pressure flow control unit, a second pressure flow control unit, a stress strain monitoring unit and an exhaust unit. The solid hydrogen storage testing device can test the performances of hydrogen absorption and desorption amount, hydrogen absorption and desorption rate, temperature change and the like of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed under the condition of limiting pressure and limiting flow, can test stress strain data of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed in the hydrogen absorption and desorption process, and has better application guidance significance for hydrogen utilization systems (such as fuel cells).

Description

Solid-state hydrogen storage testing device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a solid-state hydrogen storage testing device.

Background

Hydrogen energy is an important component in future energy systems. The use of hydrogen energy is an important way for achieving the aim of double carbon in China. Solid-state hydrogen storage is attracting attention in all areas as a safer hydrogen storage mode, and is also an important way for developing and using hydrogen energy.

The hydrogen storage material is filled in the reaction vessel, and the hydrogen storage material and the reaction vessel form a solid hydrogen storage reaction bed. The solid hydrogen storage reaction bed needs to solve the problem of rapid heat exchange in the hydrogen storage material hydrogen absorption and desorption process, prevents the deformation of devices or the failure of pipelines caused by the local accumulation of powdery materials, and ensures the stable and efficient operation of equipment devices. In the research and development process of the reaction bed, a corresponding testing device is needed to realize the testing and evaluation of the hydrogen absorption and desorption performance, the heat transfer quality and the temperatures of different areas of the reaction bed. Meanwhile, the utility model discovers that the hydrogen flow injection with set pressure and flow rate is needed for some hydrogen utilization systems, so that the hydrogen absorption and desorption process of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed under the pressure and flow limitation is needed to be researched. In addition, the utility model also finds that the expansion and contraction exist in the hydrogen absorption and desorption processes of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed, so that the research on the strain change trend of the reaction bed is necessary.

CN104181075A discloses a comprehensive testing device for performance of a hydrogen storage bed, which comprises a first air source, a second air source, a pipeline collecting panel, a hydrogen storage bed, a metering tank, a buffer tank, a tail gas bed for hydrogen recovery, a quadrupole mass spectrometer, a pressurizing bed for providing hydrogen, a data collector, a temperature controller, a vacuum pump, a first pipeline, a second pipeline, a third pipeline, a fourth pipeline, a fifth pipeline, a sixth pipeline, a seventh pipeline, an eighth pipeline, a ninth pipeline and a tenth pipeline. The test device cannot conduct hydrogen absorption and desorption tests under the pressure limiting and flow limiting conditions, and the hydrogen desorption tests cannot be stopped at the set pressure value. In addition, the testing device cannot replace the filter element on line; the device is suitable for hydrogen storage beds with a plurality of gas inlets and outlets, and has a relatively complex structure.

CN108730760a discloses a hydrogen storage tank hydrogen charging and discharging performance detection system, which comprises a hydrogen source module (a), an exhaust module (B), a measurement recording module (C), a cold and heat source module (D) and a region to be detected (E), wherein the hydrogen source module (a) is provided with a main pipeline initial section, a main pipeline middle section and a main pipeline end section which are connected from the hydrogen source module (a) to the region to be detected (E) in the direction. The detection system is not provided with a one-way valve; the hydrogen release test cannot be stopped at a set pressure value, and the hydrogen release test under limited pressure cannot be performed; and the stress and strain monitoring function is not realized. In addition, the detection system cannot replace the filter element on line.

CN114778378a discloses a hydrogen storage testing device and method, the hydrogen storage testing device comprises a reaction system, a gas pipeline system, a data acquisition system, a gas source pipeline, an exhaust collecting pipeline and a vacuum pump, the gas pipeline system comprises a main gas pipeline and a branch gas pipeline, one end of the main gas pipeline is connected with the reaction system, a third filtering device and a ninth throttle valve are arranged between the main gas pipeline and the reaction system, the other end of the main gas pipeline is respectively connected with the gas source pipeline, the exhaust collecting pipeline and the vacuum pump, and the gas source pipeline is formed by connecting a pipeline connected with a hydrogen source and a pipeline connected with an argon source in parallel. The hydrogen storage testing device of the patent document cannot perform a pressure-limiting and current-limiting hydrogen absorption and desorption test, and has no stress strain monitoring function. In addition, the hydrogen storage testing device has no back pressure valve and can not change the filter element on line.

Disclosure of utility model

Therefore, the present utility model aims to provide a solid-state hydrogen storage testing device, which not only can test the performances of the solid-state hydrogen storage reaction bed, such as hydrogen absorption and desorption amount, hydrogen absorption and desorption rate, temperature change, etc. under constant pressure and unlimited flow, but also can test the performances of the solid-state hydrogen storage reaction bed, such as hydrogen absorption and desorption amount, hydrogen absorption and desorption rate, temperature change, etc. under pressure and limited flow, and can also test the stress strain data of the solid-state hydrogen storage reaction bed in the hydrogen absorption and desorption process. In addition, it can change the filter core on line.

The utility model achieves the aim through the following technical scheme.

The utility model provides a solid-state hydrogen storage testing device which is used for testing the performance of a solid-state hydrogen storage reaction bed, wherein the solid-state hydrogen storage reaction bed is provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet;

The solid-state hydrogen storage testing device comprises a temperature monitoring unit, a first pressure flow control unit, a second pressure flow control unit, a stress strain monitoring unit and an exhaust unit;

The gas inlet and outlet of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed are communicated with a hydrogen gas source through the first pressure flow control unit, and are communicated with a hydrogen utilization system through the second pressure flow control unit, and are also communicated with the exhaust unit;

The first pressure flow control unit is used for controlling the pressure and flow of the hydrogen when the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed absorbs the hydrogen from a hydrogen source;

The second pressure flow control unit is used for controlling the pressure and flow of the hydrogen when the hydrogen is discharged from the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed to the hydrogen utilization system;

The temperature monitoring unit is used for monitoring the temperatures of different parts of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed in the hydrogen absorption or desorption process;

the stress strain monitoring unit is used for monitoring strains of different parts of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed in the hydrogen absorption or desorption process; the stress-strain monitoring unit comprises a strain gauge and a stress-strain data collector; the strain gauge is distributed on the surface of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed; the stress-strain data acquisition unit is used for acquiring strain data monitored by the strain gauge.

The solid-state hydrogen storage testing device according to the present utility model preferably further comprises a filtering apparatus; one end of the filtering equipment is connected with the gas inlet and outlet of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed, the other end of the filtering equipment is communicated with a hydrogen gas source through a first pressure flow control unit and is simultaneously communicated with a hydrogen utilization system through a second pressure flow control unit, and the other end of the filtering equipment is also communicated with the exhaust unit.

According to the solid-state hydrogen storage testing device of the present utility model, preferably, the filtering apparatus includes a filter body, a filter element, and a cap; the filter element is arranged to be accommodated in the filter body, the filter body is provided with an inlet end, an outlet end and a filter element exchanging port end, the inlet end and the outlet end are symmetrically arranged, central axes of the inlet end and the outlet end coincide, and the inlet end is connected with the gas inlet and outlet; the central axis of the filter core exchanging port end is vertical to the central axis of the inlet end or the outlet end; the cap is used for closing the mouth end of the filter element.

According to the solid-state hydrogen storage testing device of the present utility model, preferably, the first pressure-flow control unit includes a first valve, a plurality of pressure-reducing valves, a first mass flow controller, a first back pressure valve, a first check valve, and a second valve that are sequentially disposed; one end of the second valve, which is far away from the first one-way valve, is connected with the filtering equipment; one end of the first valve, which is far away from the pressure reducing valve, is connected with a hydrogen gas source.

According to the solid-state hydrogen storage testing device of the present utility model, preferably, the pressure reducing valves are provided in two, namely, a first pressure reducing valve and a second pressure reducing valve.

According to the solid-state hydrogen storage testing device of the present utility model, preferably, the second pressure-flow control unit includes a third valve, a third pressure-reducing valve, a second mass flow controller, a second back pressure valve, a fourth valve and a second check valve, which are sequentially arranged; one end of the third valve, which is far away from the second mass flow controller, is connected with the filtering equipment; the end of the second one-way valve, which is far away from the fourth valve, is connected with a hydrogen utilization system.

According to the solid-state hydrogen storage testing device of the present utility model, preferably, the exhaust unit is configured to exhaust the gas in the solid-state hydrogen storage reaction bed to the atmosphere; the exhaust unit comprises a fifth valve and a vacuum pump which are sequentially arranged, and one end of the fifth valve is connected with the filtering equipment.

According to the solid-state hydrogen storage testing device, preferably, the temperature monitoring unit comprises a temperature measuring couple and a temperature data collector; the plurality of temperature measuring thermocouples are distributed on the central part and the surface of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed; the temperature data acquisition unit is used for acquiring temperature data measured by the temperature measuring couple.

According to the solid-state hydrogen storage testing device of the present utility model, preferably, the solid-state hydrogen storage testing device further includes a temperature control unit configured to heat or cool the solid-state hydrogen storage reaction bed; the temperature control unit comprises a temperature controller.

According to the solid-state hydrogen storage testing device of the present utility model, preferably, the fifth valve is a needle valve or a ball valve.

The solid-state hydrogen storage testing device not only can test the performances of the solid-state hydrogen storage reaction bed such as hydrogen absorption and desorption amount, hydrogen absorption and desorption rate, temperature change and the like under constant pressure and unlimited flow, but also can test the performances of the solid-state hydrogen storage reaction bed such as hydrogen absorption and desorption amount, hydrogen absorption and desorption rate, temperature change and the like under pressure and limited flow, and can test stress strain data of the solid-state hydrogen storage reaction bed in the hydrogen absorption and desorption process, thereby having better application guidance significance for hydrogen utilization systems (such as fuel cells). Furthermore, the filter element can be replaced on line; and a constant-temperature or variable-temperature testing environment can be realized. The solid-state hydrogen storage testing device can fully meet the research, development and testing requirements of the solid-state hydrogen storage reaction bed in many aspects, has a simple structure, and is favorable for popularization and application.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a solid-state hydrogen storage testing device according to the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a filtration apparatus of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the strain gage of the present utility model.

Fig. 4 is a graph formed by recording temperature data of a certain part of a solid-state hydrogen storage reaction bed by a temperature monitoring unit in the hydrogen absorption process of embodiment 1 of the present utility model.

Fig. 5 is a graph showing the results of the stress-strain monitoring unit recording the strain data of a certain portion of the solid-state hydrogen storage reaction bed during the hydrogen absorption process according to embodiment 1 of the present utility model.

Fig. 6 is a graph showing the change of the hydrogen discharge amount with time under the pressure and flow limiting conditions in the hydrogen discharge process of example 1 of the present utility model.

Fig. 7 is a graph showing the change of the hydrogen discharge amount with time under the condition of pressure limitation and no flow limitation in the hydrogen discharge process of example 2 of the present utility model.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing the change of the hydrogen release rate with time under the condition of pressure limitation and no flow limitation in the hydrogen release process of example 2 of the present utility model.

The reference numerals are explained as follows:

1-a hydrogen gas source, 2-a first valve, 3-a first pressure reducing valve, 4-a second pressure reducing valve, 5-a first mass flow controller, 6-a first back pressure valve, 7-a first one-way valve and 8-a second valve; 9-third valve, 10-third pressure reducing valve, 11-second mass flow controller, 12-second back pressure valve, 13-fourth valve, 14-second one-way valve, 15-vacuum pump, 16-filtration device, 161-filter body, 162-filter cartridge, 163-cap; 17-a reaction vessel; 18-fifth valve, 191-strain gauge; 20-a hydrogen utilization system; 30-connecting pipe.

Detailed Description

The utility model will be further described with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments, but the scope of the utility model is not limited thereto.

The solid-state hydrogen storage testing device in the prior art generally measures the temperature change, the hydrogen absorption amount and the hydrogen release amount of the solid-state hydrogen storage reaction bed. In practice, the present utility model has found that the pressure and flow rate of the hydrogen gas to be supplied are different for some hydrogen systems (e.g., fuel cells). And the solid-state hydrogen storage reaction bed supplies hydrogen gas for the hydrogen system of the fuel cell. If the hydrogen absorption and desorption performance of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed can be measured under the set pressure and the set flow, the method has better application guidance significance for a hydrogen utilization system (such as a fuel cell), and a user can clearly know which fuel cell a certain solid hydrogen storage reaction bed can be applied to. I.e. the application of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed is more targeted and applicable. And the problem is not obvious.

In addition, the present utility model has also found that since the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed expands and contracts during the hydrogen absorption and desorption process, if the expansion and contraction are too great, the service life of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed is disadvantageous. The above problem is not easily addressed.

Furthermore, the utility model also discovers that the existing filtering equipment can be blocked in the using process, and after the blocking, the pipeline and the filtering equipment can only be replaced together, so that the labor and material consumption and the time consumption are both high, and the cost is high.

In order to solve the above problems, the present utility model provides a solid-state hydrogen storage testing device for testing the performance of a solid-state hydrogen storage reaction bed. The solid-state hydrogen storage testing device comprises a temperature monitoring unit, a temperature control unit, a first pressure flow control unit, a second pressure flow control unit, a stress strain monitoring unit, an exhaust unit and corresponding connecting pipelines. Optionally, a filtration device is also included. The following is a detailed description.

In the present utility model, a hydrogen storage material is filled in a reaction vessel, both of which form the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed. The solid hydrogen storage reaction bed is provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet. In certain embodiments, the gas inlet and outlet of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed is in communication with a hydrogen gas source through the first pressure flow control unit, while being in communication with a hydrogen utilization system through the second pressure flow control unit, and also in communication with the exhaust unit. The gas inlet and outlet can realize three branch pipelines through a connecting pipeline and a tee joint, and a first pressure flow control unit and a second pressure flow control unit are respectively arranged on two branch pipelines.

< Filtration apparatus >

In certain embodiments, the present utility model provides a filtration device. One end of the filtering equipment is connected with a gas inlet and a gas outlet of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed, the other end of the filtering equipment is communicated with a hydrogen gas source through a first pressure flow control unit, is also communicated with a hydrogen utilization system through a second pressure flow control unit, and is also communicated with an exhaust unit.

In the present utility model, the hydrogen gas source may be a hydrogen gas cylinder for supplying hydrogen gas. The hydrogen-using system may be a fuel cell that consumes hydrogen.

In certain embodiments, a filter apparatus includes a filter body, a filter cartridge, and a cap. The filter cartridge is configured to be received within the filter body. The filter body has accommodation space, and the filter body still has entry end, exit end and trades the filter core mouth end. The inlet end and the outlet end are symmetrically arranged. The central axis of the inlet end and the central axis of the outlet end coincide, and the central axis of the filter core exchanging port end is vertical to the central axis of the inlet end or the outlet end. The inlet end, the outlet end and the filter element exchange port end form a T-shaped structure together. The inlet end is connected with the gas inlet and outlet through a connecting pipe, and the outlet end is respectively communicated with a hydrogen gas source, a hydrogen utilization system and an exhaust unit through a connecting pipe and a three-way valve. The filter core is conveniently replaced by arranging the filter core replacing port end. The cap is used for closing the mouth end of the filter element. Therefore, the filter element can be conveniently replaced on line, the efficiency can be improved, and the cost is reduced. The filtering device can also prevent the hydrogen storage material in the reaction bed from polluting other devices as hydrogen flows into the pipeline.

< First pressure flow control Unit >

The first pressure flow control unit is used for controlling the pressure and flow of the hydrogen when the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed absorbs the hydrogen from the hydrogen source. The utility model can realize that hydrogen flows to the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed under the condition of pressure limitation and current limitation and can realize hydrogen absorption under constant pressure and unlimited flow by arranging the first pressure flow control unit.

The first pressure flow control unit comprises a first valve, a plurality of pressure reducing valves, a first mass flow controller, a first back pressure valve, a first check valve and a second valve which are sequentially arranged. One end of the first valve, which is far away from the pressure reducing valve, is connected with a hydrogen gas source. One end of the second valve, which is far away from the first one-way valve, is connected with the filtering equipment.

The utility model particularly realizes controlling the hydrogen of the hydrogen source to flow to the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed under the condition of pressure limiting and flow limiting by arranging the pressure reducing valve, the first mass flow controller, the first back pressure valve and the first one-way valve, thereby realizing the hydrogen absorption process under the condition of pressure limiting and flow limiting. For example, the pressure reducing valve regulates the pressure to 5MPa (hydrogen greater than 5MPa cannot pass through), and the first mass flow controller can regulate the flow rate and flow of hydrogen; the pressure of the first back pressure valve is regulated to 4.5MPa (hydrogen smaller than 4.5MPa cannot pass through), and the first one-way valve only enables the flow direction of the hydrogen to flow from a hydrogen source to the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed, so that the pressure and the flow limit in the hydrogen absorption process are realized. The setting of the pressure can be adjusted according to actual needs. Of course, the hydrogen absorption process with limited pressure and no limitation can be realized.

According to one embodiment of the utility model, two pressure reducing valves are provided, a first pressure reducing valve and a second pressure reducing valve, respectively. The two pressure reducing valves are sequentially arranged. The arrangement of a plurality of pressure reducing valves is beneficial to more accurately regulating and controlling the pressure value and prolonging the service life of the pressure reducing valves.

In the present utility model, the pressure reducing valve, the mass flow controller, the back pressure valve and the check valve may be those known in the art, and will not be described herein.

The second valve and the first valve may be needle valves or ball valves. When the hydrogen absorption is not performed, the first valve and the second valve can be closed, so that the hydrogen absorption channel is closed, and the exhaust or hydrogen release process is completed. The one-way valve may prevent backflow of fluid.

< Second pressure flow control Unit >

The second pressure flow control unit is used for controlling the pressure and flow of the hydrogen when the hydrogen is discharged from the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed to the hydrogen utilization system. The second pressure flow control unit comprises a third valve, a third pressure reducing valve, a second mass flow controller, a second back pressure valve, a fourth valve and a second one-way valve which are sequentially arranged. The end of the third valve remote from the second mass flow controller is connected to the filter apparatus. The end of the second one-way valve, which is far away from the fourth valve, is connected with a hydrogen utilization system.

In some embodiments, the hydrogen release can be performed under pressure and current limiting. The utility model realizes the hydrogen release process under the pressure and flow limitation by arranging the third pressure reducing valve, the second mass flow controller, the second back pressure valve and a specific connection sequence. For example, the pressure of the third pressure reducing valve is regulated to be 0.3MPa (hydrogen with a pressure greater than the pressure cannot pass through), the flow rate of the hydrogen is regulated and controlled by the second mass flow controller, for example, the flow rate is set to be 5SLM, the pressure of the second back pressure valve 12 is regulated to be 0.15MPa (hydrogen with a pressure smaller than the pressure range cannot pass through), so that hydrogen is discharged under the conditions of pressure limiting and flow limiting (0.15-0.3 MPa,5 SLM), the parameter requirements of the hydrogen storage device by the hydrogen system for more realistic simulation test are facilitated, for example, a certain fuel cell requires that the hydrogen pressure provided by the hydrogen storage device is greater than 0.15MPa and not more than 0.3MPa, and the flow rate is greater than 5SLM. In other embodiments, a pressure-limited, non-flow-limited hydrogen discharge process may be implemented.

The second check valve is arranged so that hydrogen gas can only flow from the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed to the hydrogen utilization system and cannot flow back.

The fourth valve and the third valve may be needle valves or ball valves. The third valve can be closed in the hydrogen absorption and exhaust processes, so that the hydrogen gas can be prevented from flowing to the hydrogen utilization system. The fourth valve is a ball valve or a needle valve, and is used for controlling the on-off of the fluid in a focusing way, and when the device is used or no exhaust to the external atmosphere is needed, the hydrogen and the external atmosphere in the pipeline are thoroughly cut off, and no inlet and no outlet are caused. While the second check valve focuses on preventing backflow of fluid, mainly during use of the device, from the outside atmosphere. If the fourth valve is removed, potential safety hazards are brought, such as the temporary stopping of the exhaust to the atmosphere in the hydrogen discharge test process, or the failure of the second one-way valve or the untight sealing of the second one-way valve, the gas passage in the pipeline cannot be conveniently cut off.

< Temperature monitoring Unit and temperature control Unit >

The temperature monitoring unit is used for monitoring the temperatures of different parts of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed in the hydrogen absorption or desorption process of the hydrogen storage material. A temperature profile can be formed over time. The temperature monitoring unit comprises a temperature measuring couple and a temperature data collector. The plurality of temperature measuring thermocouples are distributed at the central part and the surface of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed. The temperature measuring couple can be arranged in quantity and distribution positions according to the requirement. The temperature data acquisition device is used for acquiring temperature data measured by the temperature measuring couple.

The temperature control unit is arranged to heat or cool the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed. The temperature control unit comprises a temperature controller. The temperature control unit also comprises heating or cooling components such as a water bath, an oil bath or a heating sleeve. Thus, the temperature change of different parts of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed in the hydrogen absorption and desorption process can be tested.

< Stress Strain monitoring Unit >

The stress-strain monitoring unit is used for monitoring the strain of different parts of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed in the hydrogen absorption or desorption process of the hydrogen storage material. A time-dependent strain profile may be formed. The stress-strain monitoring unit comprises a strain gauge and a stress-strain data collector. The strain gauge is distributed on the surface of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed. The number and arrangement positions of the strain gauges may be set as desired. In certain specific embodiments, the strain gage of the present utility model is rectangular. The strain gage may be one known in the art. The stress-strain data acquisition unit is used for acquiring strain data of the strain gauge. Therefore, the stress strain phenomenon generated by expansion and contraction of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed in the hydrogen absorption and desorption process can be tested, a certain direction is provided for researching the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed, and the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed can be improved so as to prolong the service life of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed.

< Exhaust Unit >

The exhaust unit is used for exhausting the gas in the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed to the atmosphere. The gas within the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed may be vented to atmosphere prior to activation of the hydrogen storage material. This provides for activation of the hydrogen storage material and facilitates better activation of the hydrogen storage material.

The exhaust unit comprises a fifth valve and a vacuum pump which are sequentially arranged, and one end, far away from the vacuum pump, of the fifth valve is connected with the filtering equipment. The fifth valve may be closed when the exhaust operation is not performed. The provision of a vacuum pump may facilitate better venting to enable better activation of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed.

The utility model also provides a method for testing the solid-state hydrogen storage reaction bed by adopting the solid-state hydrogen storage testing device, which comprises the following steps:

1) Activating a hydrogen storage material;

2) Starting a hydrogen source, and controlling a first pressure flow control unit to introduce hydrogen into the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed to complete the hydrogen absorption process; simultaneously recording the hydrogen flow in the hydrogen absorption process, and the temperature data and the strain data of different parts of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed;

3) The hydrogen in the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed is released to a hydrogen utilization system by controlling the second pressure flow control unit, so that the hydrogen release process is completed; simultaneously recording the hydrogen flow in the hydrogen release process, the temperature data and the strain data of different parts of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed.

Wherein,

In the step 1), the hydrogen storage material is heated to 70-85 ℃ during activation. Specifically, firstly, a heating sleeve is arranged on a reaction container, the temperature is raised to 70-85 ℃, a vacuum pump and a fifth valve are simultaneously opened, gas in the reaction container is filtered and discharged into the outdoor atmosphere through a filtering device, and heating and vacuumizing are continued for 1-3 hours. And (3) removing the heating sleeve, and filling hydrogen into the reaction container after the reaction container is cooled to room temperature. The hydrogen gas source is opened, and the hydrogen flows into the reaction vessel through the first valve, the first pressure reducing valve, the second pressure reducing valve, the first mass flow controller, the first back pressure valve, the first one-way valve, the second valve and the filtering equipment in sequence and reacts with the hydrogen storage material alloy to be absorbed and fixed by the alloy through breaking the oxide layer on the surface of the alloy and then entering the alloy lattice. The hydrogen absorption activation process lasts for 1-3 hours. In the hydrogen absorption activation process, water bath or air cooling is adopted for cooling. And then the hydrogen storage material alloy in the reaction bed is activated by heating and vacuum desorption until the reaction bed is clean (the operation flow is consistent with the exhaust process).

In the step 2), in the hydrogen absorption process, the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed is cooled. Before hydrogen absorption, pressure or flow parameters required by the pressure reducing valve, the first mass flow controller and the first back pressure valve are set. And starting a hydrogen source, and enabling hydrogen to flow to the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed from a first valve, a first pressure reducing valve, a second pressure reducing valve, a first mass flow controller, a first back pressure valve, a first one-way valve, a second valve and filtering equipment in sequence, so that the hydrogen absorption process is carried out. When hydrogen is absorbed, the third valve and the fifth valve need to be closed.

In the step 3), when hydrogen is discharged, the hydrogen sequentially passes through the filtering device, the third valve, the third pressure reducing valve, the second mass flow controller, the second back pressure valve, the fourth valve and the second one-way valve from the gas inlet and outlet of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed and enters the hydrogen utilization system. When hydrogen is discharged, the first valve, the second valve and the fifth valve need to be closed.

The pressure, the hydrogen flow rate and the hydrogen flow rate in the hydrogen absorption process and the hydrogen discharge process can be set according to actual requirements.

Example 1

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a solid-state hydrogen storage testing device according to the present utility model. Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a filtration apparatus of the present utility model. Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the strain gage of the present utility model.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the solid state hydrogen storage testing apparatus of the present utility model includes a filtering device 16, a temperature monitoring unit (not shown), a temperature control unit (not shown), a first pressure flow rate control unit (not shown), a second pressure flow rate control unit (not shown), a stress strain monitoring unit (not shown), an exhaust unit, and corresponding connection pipes.

The hydrogen storage material is filled in the reaction vessel 17, and the two materials form a solid hydrogen storage reaction bed. The solid hydrogen storage reaction bed is provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet.

One end of the filter device 16 is connected with the gas inlet and outlet, and the other end of the filter device 16 is connected with the hydrogen gas source 1, the hydrogen utilization system 20 and the exhaust unit 15 in a branch line connection mode. Specifically, a three-way valve may be used for connection, one end of the three-way valve is connected to the hydrogen source 1 through the first pressure flow control unit, the other end is connected to the hydrogen utilization system 20 through the second pressure flow control unit, and the other end is connected to the outdoor atmosphere through the exhaust unit 15.

As shown in fig. 2, the filter apparatus 16 includes a filter body 161, a filter cartridge 162, and a cap 163. The filter cartridge 162 is configured to be received within the filter body 161. The filter body 161 has an inlet end, an outlet end, and a cartridge exchange port end, the central axes of the inlet end and the outlet end being coincident, the central axis of the cartridge exchange port end being perpendicular to the central axis of the inlet end. The inlet end, the outlet end and the filter element exchange port end form a T-shaped structure. The cap 163 is used to close the cartridge-changing port end. The inlet and outlet ends are connected to the connection pipe 30, respectively. Cartridge 162 may be replaced by opening cap 163. The filter apparatus 16 of the present utility model can replace the filter cartridge 162 on-line.

The temperature monitoring unit is used for monitoring the temperatures of different parts of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed in the hydrogen absorption or desorption process of the hydrogen storage material. A temperature profile can be formed over time. The temperature monitoring unit comprises a temperature measuring couple and a temperature data collector. The plurality of temperature measuring thermocouples are distributed at the central part and the surface of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed. The temperature data acquisition device is used for acquiring temperature data measured by the temperature measuring couple.

The stress strain monitoring unit is used for monitoring the strain of different parts of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed in the hydrogen absorption or desorption process of the hydrogen storage material. A time-dependent strain profile may be formed. The stress-strain monitoring unit includes a strain gage 191 and a stress-strain data collector. Strain gage 191 is distributed on the surface of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed. The stress-strain data acquisition unit is used for acquiring strain data of the strain gauge 191. The strain gage 191 may have a rectangular structure.

The first pressure flow control unit comprises a first valve 2, a plurality of pressure reducing valves, a first mass flow controller 5, a first back pressure valve 6, a first check valve 7 and a second valve 8 which are sequentially arranged. The first valve 2 is connected with the hydrogen source 1. The end of the second valve 8 remote from the first non-return valve 7 is connected to a filter device 16. The number of the pressure reducing valves is two, namely a first pressure reducing valve 3 and a second pressure reducing valve 4.

The second pressure flow control unit comprises a third valve 9, a third pressure reducing valve 10, a second mass flow controller 11, a second back pressure valve 12, a fourth valve 13 and a second one-way valve 14 which are sequentially arranged. The end of the third valve 9 remote from the second mass flow controller 11 is connected to a filter device 16. The end of the second non-return valve 14 remote from the fourth valve 13 is connected to a hydrogen-using system 20.

The exhaust unit is used for exhausting the gas in the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed to the atmosphere. The exhaust unit comprises a fifth valve 18 and a vacuum pump 15, one end of the fifth valve 18 being connected to the filter device 16. The vacuum pump 15 can accelerate the release of the gas in the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed to the atmosphere.

The first valve 2, the second valve 8, the third valve 9, the fourth valve 13 and the fifth valve 18 are selected from needle valves or ball valves, respectively.

The temperature control unit is arranged to heat or cool the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed. The temperature control unit comprises a temperature controller. The temperature control unit can also comprise a water bath, an oil bath or a heating sleeve, so that a part of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed can be placed in the water bath, the oil bath or the heating sleeve, and the temperature is controlled by a temperature controller to heat or cool.

For one reaction bed to be tested, a solid hydrogen storage reaction bed formed by loosely packing a powdered hydrogen storage material is preferred. The hydrogen storage material may be any one or more of rare earth-based, magnesium-based, titanium-zirconium-based, titanium-iron-based, vanadium-based solid solutions, and the like, and may be an LaNi ₅ alloy, for example. Filling hydrogen storage material powder into a reaction container, and sealing the reaction container to form a solid hydrogen storage reaction bed. And accessing the testing device to start the test.

The method for testing the hydrogen absorption or desorption performance of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed by adopting the solid hydrogen storage testing device is described below:

1) The hydrogen storage material is activated. Firstly, the heating sleeve is arranged outside the reaction bed, the temperature is raised to 80 ℃, the vacuum pump 15 and the fifth valve 18 are opened, gas in the reaction bed is filtered and discharged to the outdoor atmosphere through the filtering equipment 16, and the heating and the vacuum pumping are continued for 2 hours. And (3) removing the heating sleeve, and charging hydrogen into the reaction bed after the reaction bed is cooled to room temperature. The hydrogen source 1 is opened, and hydrogen flows into the reaction bed through the first valve 2, the first pressure reducing valve 3, the second pressure reducing valve 4, the first mass flow controller 5, the first back pressure valve 6, the first one-way valve 7, the second valve 8 and the filtering equipment 16 in sequence and reacts with the hydrogen storage material alloy to break the oxide layer on the surface of the alloy and then enter the alloy lattice to be absorbed and fixed by the alloy. The hydrogen absorption activation process was continued for 2 hours. In the hydrogen absorption activation process, water bath or air cooling is adopted for cooling. And then heating and vacuum desorption is carried out until the reaction bed is clean (the operation flow is consistent with the exhaust process), so that the activation of the hydrogen storage material alloy in the reaction bed is completed.

2) Hydrogen absorption process (or hydrogen charging process): opening a hydrogen gas source 1 (the hydrogen gas source 1 can be a 40L/15MPa hydrogen steel bottle), regulating the pressure of a first pressure reducing valve 3 of a first pressure flow control unit to 8MPa, regulating the pressure of a second pressure reducing valve 4 to 5MPa, regulating the pressure of a first back pressure valve 6 to 4.5MPa, opening a first valve 2, a first one-way valve 7 and a second valve 8, enabling hydrogen to flow out of the hydrogen gas source 1, and enabling the hydrogen to flow into a solid hydrogen storage reaction bed through the first valve 2, the first pressure reducing valve 3, the second pressure reducing valve 4, a first mass flow controller 5, the first back pressure valve 6, the first one-way valve 7, the second valve 8 and a filter device 16 in sequence, enabling the hydrogen to flow into the reaction bed, enabling the hydrogen to react with hydrogen storage material alloy quickly, enabling the hydrogen to enter lattice fixing and releasing a large amount of heat, and completing the hydrogen absorption process; meanwhile, the first mass flow controller 5 records the hydrogen flow in the hydrogen absorption process, and the temperature monitoring unit and the stress strain monitoring unit can respectively record temperature data and strain data of different parts of the solid-state hydrogen storage reaction bed. Charging hydrogen for 1h. The different locations may include different locations disposed near the top, near the bottom, and near the middle of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed. The temperature data and strain data are shown in fig. 4 and 5, respectively, and the test data of the surface near the middle part are shown in fig. 4 and 5. In this embodiment, the hydrogen absorption process is pressure limiting and not current limiting.

3) And (3) a hydrogen release process: after the hydrogen absorption process is completed, the first pressure flow control unit is closed. Regulating the pressure of the third pressure reducing valve 10 of the second pressure-flow control unit to 0.3MPa, and regulating the flow rate to be less than or equal to 5SLM (standard liter/min); and the pressure of the second back pressure valve 12 is regulated to 0.15MPa, then the third valve 9, the fourth valve 13 and the second one-way valve 14 are opened, hydrogen flows out from the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed, and flows to the hydrogen utilization system 20 through the filtering device 16, the third valve 9, the third pressure reducing valve 10, the second mass flow controller 11, the second back pressure valve 12, the fourth valve 13 and the second one-way valve 14 in sequence, so that the hydrogen release process is completed. While the flow of hydrogen during the hydrogen release is recorded by the second mass flow controller 11. The hydrogen release amount under the pressure and current limiting conditions is shown in fig. 6. The temperature of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed during hydrogen release is 50 ℃. The filtering device 16 can prevent the alloy powder of the hydrogen storage material in the reaction bed from polluting other devices as hydrogen flows into the pipeline during the hydrogen discharge process. And the filter device 16 can be replaced on-line.

If the hydrogen release process of the step 3) is carried out, the pressure of the third pressure reducing valve 10 of the second pressure flow control unit is regulated to be 0.1-0.2 MPa; regulating the pressure of the second back pressure valve 12 to 0.1-0.2 MPa; and the flow rate of hydrogen is not limited. The results of the hydrogen release amount and the hydrogen release rate are shown in fig. 7 and 8, respectively.

The present utility model is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any modifications, improvements, substitutions, and the like, which may occur to those skilled in the art, fall within the scope of the present utility model without departing from the spirit of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. The solid hydrogen storage testing device is characterized by being used for testing the performance of a solid hydrogen storage reaction bed, and the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed is provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet;

The solid-state hydrogen storage testing device comprises a temperature monitoring unit, a first pressure flow control unit, a second pressure flow control unit, a stress strain monitoring unit and an exhaust unit;

The gas inlet and outlet of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed are communicated with a hydrogen gas source through the first pressure flow control unit, and are communicated with a hydrogen utilization system through the second pressure flow control unit, and are also communicated with the exhaust unit;

The first pressure flow control unit is used for controlling the pressure and flow of the hydrogen when the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed absorbs the hydrogen from a hydrogen source;

The second pressure flow control unit is used for controlling the pressure and flow of the hydrogen when the hydrogen is discharged from the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed to the hydrogen utilization system;

The temperature monitoring unit is used for monitoring the temperatures of different parts of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed in the hydrogen absorption or desorption process;

the stress strain monitoring unit is used for monitoring strains of different parts of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed in the hydrogen absorption or desorption process; the stress-strain monitoring unit comprises a strain gauge and a stress-strain data collector; the strain gauge is distributed on the surface of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed; the stress-strain data acquisition unit is used for acquiring strain data monitored by the strain gauge.

2. The solid state hydrogen storage testing device of claim 1, further comprising a filtration apparatus; one end of the filtering equipment is connected with the gas inlet and outlet of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed, the other end of the filtering equipment is communicated with a hydrogen gas source through a first pressure flow control unit and is simultaneously communicated with a hydrogen utilization system through a second pressure flow control unit, and the other end of the filtering equipment is also communicated with the exhaust unit.

3. The solid state hydrogen storage testing device of claim 2, wherein the filtration apparatus comprises a filter body, a filter cartridge, and a cap; the filter element is arranged to be accommodated in the filter body, the filter body is provided with an inlet end, an outlet end and a filter element exchanging port end, the inlet end and the outlet end are symmetrically arranged, central axes of the inlet end and the outlet end coincide, and the inlet end is connected with the gas inlet and outlet; the central axis of the filter core exchanging port end is vertical to the central axis of the inlet end or the outlet end; the cap is used for closing the mouth end of the filter element.

4. The solid state hydrogen storage testing device of claim 2, wherein the first pressure flow control unit comprises a first valve, a plurality of pressure reducing valves, a first mass flow controller, a first back pressure valve, a first check valve, and a second valve, arranged in sequence; one end of the second valve, which is far away from the first one-way valve, is connected with the filtering equipment; one end of the first valve, which is far away from the pressure reducing valve, is connected with a hydrogen gas source.

5. The solid state hydrogen storage testing device according to claim 4, wherein the number of the pressure reducing valves is two, namely a first pressure reducing valve and a second pressure reducing valve.

6. The solid state hydrogen storage testing device of claim 2, wherein the second pressure flow control unit comprises a third valve, a third pressure reducing valve, a second mass flow controller, a second back pressure valve, a fourth valve, and a second check valve, which are sequentially arranged; one end of the third valve, which is far away from the second mass flow controller, is connected with the filtering equipment; the end of the second one-way valve, which is far away from the fourth valve, is connected with a hydrogen utilization system.

7. The solid state hydrogen storage testing device of claim 2, wherein the exhaust unit is configured to vent gas within the solid state hydrogen storage reaction bed to atmosphere; the exhaust unit comprises a fifth valve and a vacuum pump which are sequentially arranged, and one end of the fifth valve is connected with the filtering equipment.

8. The solid state hydrogen storage testing device of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the temperature monitoring unit comprises a temperature thermocouple and a temperature data collector; the plurality of temperature measuring thermocouples are distributed on the central part and the surface of the solid hydrogen storage reaction bed; the temperature data acquisition unit is used for acquiring temperature data measured by the temperature measuring couple.

9. The solid state hydrogen storage testing device of claim 8, further comprising a temperature control unit configured to heat or cool the solid state hydrogen storage reaction bed; the temperature control unit comprises a temperature controller.

10. The solid state hydrogen storage testing device of claim 7, wherein the fifth valve is a needle valve or a ball valve.