CN220979534U - Roadway support device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a roadway support device, and belongs to the technical field of support. The device comprises a plurality of annular supporting bodies and a buffer layer, wherein adjacent annular supporting bodies are spliced through lock catches; the annular supporting body comprises an assembled bottom plate and an assembled top plate, and the assembled bottom plate is spliced with the assembled top plate through a lock catch to form a closed annular structure; the buffer layer is arranged between the annular supporting body and the roadway. The combined arrangement of the buffer layer and the annular supporting body provides a constant supporting resistance for the roadway.

Description

Roadway support device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of roadway support, in particular to a roadway support device.

Background

At present, coal mine roadways are mostly mined by adopting an underground mining mode, the total length of newly tunneled roadways of the coal mine is 12000km every year according to incomplete statistics, and more difficult roadways are generated along with the increase of the underground coal mine mining depth, mining range and mining intensity. Difficult roadways generally have the following characteristics: (1) The coal measure sedimentary rock stratum has lower strength and wide soft rock distribution. (2) Geological structures such as faults, folds, collapse columns and the like with different scales are distributed in the coal-based stratum. (3) As the mining depth increases year by year, the roadway ground stress is high, the maximum main stress exceeds 40MPa, and dynamic disasters such as rock burst and the like frequently occur. (4) The traditional longwall mining method has large mining space and wide mining influence range, and the mining stress is up to 2-5 times of the stress of the original rock. The problems of roof collapse, ledge, floor heave and the like in the roadway are repeated, the life and property safety in the pit is seriously affected, and the normal production of a coal mine is seriously restricted while a large amount of manpower and material resources are wasted due to repeated repair of the roadway. Therefore, the existing supporting mode mainly comprises supporting technologies such as supporting the surface of a roadway (arch, metal support and concrete filled steel tube supporting technology), supporting the inside of the roadway (anchor rod, anchor rope, pressure relief and grouting supporting technology), and composite supporting technology (grouting+anchor rod, anchor rod+metal support, grouting+metal support+anchor rope supporting technology).

However, the existing roadway support technology has the following defects: 1) The single supporting technology has poor supporting effect, which causes serious roadway repair; 2) The composite support technology is slow in repair process due to the fact that the composite support technology relates to various support technologies, and the repair effect cannot be expected due to the fact that the composite support technology is influenced by the proficiency of workers; 3) Because the roadway repairing process involves a plurality of supporting steps and working procedures, the existing supporting technology needs a long time to complete various works, and the normal operation of various works under the coal mine is seriously affected; 4) Because the conditions faced by each roadway are different, the supporting effects produced by different supporting technologies are different, the selection of the supporting technologies is often unclear in knowledge, and the analysis is not in place; 5) The "integrity" of the support in the existing roadway support technology often becomes a key whether the support is successful or not, but in the existing support technology, although the integrity of the support is emphasized, the effect of the "local whole" can only be achieved when the final effect is affected by various factors.

Disclosure of utility model

The utility model aims to solve at least one problem in the background art, and provides a roadway support device.

The utility model adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the purposes:

a roadway support device comprises a plurality of annular supporting bodies and a buffer layer, wherein the adjacent annular supporting bodies are spliced through lock catches;

The annular supporting body comprises an assembled bottom plate and an assembled top plate, and the assembled bottom plate is spliced with the assembled top plate through a lock catch to form a closed annular structure;

The buffer layer is arranged between the annular supporting body and the roadway.

According to one embodiment of the utility model, the buffer layer comprises a buffer bag, a buffer solution and a pressure relief valve;

The buffer solution is positioned in the buffer bag, and the space in the buffer bag is a closed space;

the assembled roof be provided with the relief pipe of buffer bag intercommunication, the relief valve set up in on the relief pipe.

According to one embodiment of the utility model, the fabricated top plate is of an asymmetric structure;

the asymmetric directions of the assembly top plates of the adjacent annular supporting bodies are different;

the asymmetric direction is a straight line where the main stress part of the assembled top plate is located.

According to one embodiment of the utility model, the assembled top plate is an arc-shaped top plate, the arc-shaped top plate comprises five arc-shaped precast blocks which are connected in sequence, and at least two arc-shaped precast blocks with equal arc lengths are arranged,

Wherein two arc-shaped precast blocks with equal arc length are arranged at intervals.

According to one embodiment of the utility model, the assembled top plate comprises a first connecting prefabricated block, a second connecting prefabricated block, a third connecting prefabricated block and a fourth connecting prefabricated block which are sequentially connected;

An included angle alpha 1 is formed between the first connecting precast block and the second connecting precast block;

The third connecting prefabricated block is provided with a first connecting part and a second connecting part, an included angle alpha 2 is formed between the first connecting part and the first connecting part, the first connecting part is connected with the second connecting block prefabricated block, and the second connecting part is connected with the fourth connecting prefabricated block;

The first connecting prefabricated block, the third connecting prefabricated block, the fourth connecting prefabricated block, the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are all rectangular structures, and the length of the first connecting prefabricated block is larger than that of the fourth connecting prefabricated block.

According to one embodiment of the utility model, the assembled top plate comprises a first rectangular precast block, a second rectangular precast block and a third rectangular precast block which are sequentially connected, wherein the lengths of the first rectangular precast block and the third rectangular precast block are equal;

An included angle alpha 1 is formed between the first rectangular precast block and the second rectangular precast block;

And an included angle alpha 2 is formed between the second rectangular precast block and the third rectangular precast block.

According to one embodiment of the utility model, α1=α2+.gtoreq.90° in the direction towards the assembled floor; or α1>90 °, α2=90°; or α1=90°, α2>90 °.

According to one embodiment of the utility model, the assembled base plate is an arc base plate, and the arc base plate is of an asymmetric structure;

The asymmetric directions of the arc-shaped bottom plates of the adjacent annular supporting bodies are different;

the asymmetric direction is a straight line where the main stress part of the arc-shaped bottom plate is located.

According to one embodiment of the utility model, the fabricated top plate is provided with grouting through holes.

According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the material of the annular support is one or more of high strength and high ductility.

The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

1. In the utility model, the annular supporting bodies are formed by connecting the assembled top plate and the assembled bottom plate, so that the assembly is convenient to install in a roadway and is used at present, meanwhile, the assembly is further convenient to carry out by connecting the assembled top plate and the assembled bottom plate through the lock catch, meanwhile, the adjacent annular supporting bodies are also connected through the lock catch, and the adjacent annular supporting bodies are easy to connect through the lock catch connection mode.

2. In the utility model, the roadway is supported by the supporting structure of the annular supporting body closed structure, the full section of the roadway can be supported in a full-closed mode, specifically, the assembled bottom plate can support the bottom of the roadway, the assembled top plate can support the top of the roadway, the connecting part of the assembled bottom plate and the assembled top plate can support the side part of the roadway, the full-directional supporting of the roadway is realized, the supporting device of the embodiment can completely replace the use of broken surrounding rock, the whole supporting device can bear pressure, the situation that the roadway is in a broken surrounding rock structure locally, and the supporting device of the embodiment is in a local supporting device is avoided, so that the supporting effect of the supporting device of the embodiment is reduced. Because the supporting device of this embodiment is the structure of assembled, can assemble in the course of the work, can be convenient for the structure transportation to the tunnel in, the structure of assembled is easily installed simultaneously to improve work efficiency, also carried out easily and reduced artifical input, and then reduced manufacturing cost.

3. In the utility model, the buffer layer is arranged between the annular supporting body and the roadway, so that when the roadway is stressed, the buffer layer can form supporting counter force on the roadway wall, and even if the roadway is deformed, the buffer layer is reduced in thickness, thereby providing constant supporting resistance for the roadway wall. Meanwhile, rock burst occurs in the roadway, or other dynamic disasters are that the buffer layer can absorb part of stress energy, so that impact of the dynamic disasters on the annular supporting body is avoided, the supporting capacity of the annular supporting body is ensured, and the safety of an operation space in the annular supporting body is ensured. The combined arrangement of the buffer layer and the annular supporting body provides a constant supporting resistance for the roadway.

4. In the utility model, the assembled bottom plate and the assembled top plate are made of high compression-resistant and high-fracture-resistant materials so as to enhance the supporting strength of the supporting device. The annular supporting body can replace surrounding rock, so that one-time supporting without repairing can be realized, and the working content is greatly reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a support device according to the utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a longitudinal section of a supporting device according to the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a longitudinal cross-sectional structure of another supporting device in the present utility model

FIG. 4 shows a schematic top view of a partially assembled base plate of the support device of the present utility model;

FIG. 5 shows a schematic elevational view of another support device according to the utility model;

FIG. 6 shows a schematic elevational view of a support device according to the utility model;

Fig. 7 shows a schematic view of a roadway support apparatus of the present utility model supporting a roadway.

Reference numerals: a 100-ring support; 110-a first annular support; 120-a second annular support; 1110-a top panel assembly; 11110-a first arc-shaped prefabricated block; 11111-a second arcuate prefabricated block; 11112-a third arc-shaped precast block; 11113-fourth arc prefabricated block; 11114-fifth arc prefabricated block; 11115-a third connection; 11116-first connecting prefabricated block; 11117-a second connecting prefabricated block; 11118-third connecting prefabricated block; 111181-first connection; 111182-a second connection; 11119-fourth connecting prefabricated block; 1120-a fabricated backplane; 11211-sixth arc-shaped prefabricated block; 11212-seventh arc-shaped prefabricated block; 11213-fourth connections; 1130-connecting holes; 130-a first arc bolt; 140-a second arc bolt; 200-a buffer layer; 300-roadway.

Detailed Description

The present utility model will be described in further detail in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent. It should be understood that the particular embodiments described herein are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the utility model, i.e., the embodiments described are merely some, but not all, of the embodiments of the utility model.

In the present utility model, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal" and the like indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings. These terms are only used to better describe the present utility model and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of the indicated devices, elements or components to the particular orientations or to configure and operate in the particular orientations.

Also, some of the terms described above may be used to indicate other meanings in addition to orientation or positional relationships, for example, the term "upper" may also be used to indicate some sort of attachment or connection in some cases. The specific meaning of these terms in the present utility model will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "configured," "provided," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or a unitary construction; may be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be in internal communication between two devices, elements, or components. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used primarily to distinguish between different devices, elements, or components (the particular species and configurations may be the same or different), and are not used to indicate or imply the relative importance and number of devices, elements, or components indicated. Unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present embodiment provides a roadway support apparatus, which includes a plurality of annular supporting bodies 100 and a buffer layer 200, wherein adjacent annular supporting bodies 100 are spliced by a lock catch;

the annular supporting body 100 comprises an assembled bottom plate and an assembled top plate, and the assembled bottom plate is spliced with the assembled top plate through a lock catch to form a closed annular structure;

the buffer layer 200 is provided between the annular support 100 and the roadway 300.

In this embodiment, the assembled bottom plate 1120 is connected to the assembled top plate 1110 by the lock catches to obtain an annular support body 100 with a closed annular structure, and the assembled bottom plate 1120 is connected to the assembled top plate 1110 by at least two lock catches to obtain an annular support body 100 with a closed annular structure, and other annular support bodies 100 are spliced in the same way, wherein the annular support bodies 100 between the adjacent annular support bodies 100 are spliced by the lock catches, and then the buffer layer 200 is provided between the annular support body 100 and the roadway 300.

In this embodiment, the annular supporting bodies 100 are formed by connecting the assembled top plate 1110 and the assembled bottom plate 1120, so that the installation in the roadway 300 is facilitated, the installation is realized at present, meanwhile, the installation of the annular supporting bodies 100 is further facilitated by the locking connection between the two annular supporting bodies, meanwhile, the adjacent annular supporting bodies 100 are also connected by the locking connection, and the adjacent annular supporting bodies 100 are easy to connect by the locking connection mode. The roadway 300 can be supported by the supporting structure of the annular supporting body 100 in a closed structure, the full section of the roadway 300 can be supported in a full closed mode, specifically, the bottom of the roadway 300 can be supported by the assembled bottom plate 1120, the top of the roadway 300 can be supported by the assembled top plate 1110, the side part of the roadway 300 can be supported by the connecting part of the assembled bottom plate 1120 and the assembled top plate 1110, the roadway 300 is supported in an all-around mode, the supporting device can completely replace broken surrounding rock, the supporting device is enabled to bear pressure integrally, the situation that the roadway 300 is of a broken surrounding rock structure locally and the supporting device of the embodiment is locally prevented from being reduced in supporting effect. Because the supporting device of this embodiment is the assembled structure, can assemble in the course of the work, can be convenient for the structure transportation to tunnel 300 in, the structure of assembled is easily installed simultaneously to improve work efficiency, also carried out easily and reduced the manual input, and then reduced manufacturing cost.

By providing the buffer layer 200 between the annular support 100 and the roadway 300, the buffer layer 200 can create a supporting reaction force against the roadway 300 wall when the roadway 300 is stressed. Meanwhile, the roadway 300 is subjected to rock burst or other dynamic disasters, and the buffer layer 200 can absorb a part of stress energy, so that the impact of the dynamic disasters on the annular supporting body 100 is avoided, the supporting capability of the annular supporting body 100 is ensured, and the safety of the working space in the annular supporting body 100 is ensured. The combined arrangement of the cushioning layer 200 and the annular support 100 provides a constant support resistance to the roadway 300.

In some embodiments, adjacent annular supports 100 are joined by a first arcuate bolt 130, and two annular supports 100 are also joined by a first arcuate bolt 130; the fabricated bottom plate 1120 is coupled to the fabricated top plate 1110 by the second arc bolts 140.

In this embodiment, the connection manner between the structures of this embodiment is through arc bolt connection, and arc bolt and assembled bottom plate 1120, assembled roof 1110 are arc structure for adaptability is better when arc bolt's connection, connects easily, reduces working strength.

In some embodiments, the arc bolts are M30 high strength arc bolts, thereby providing enhanced connection strength and increasing the reliability of the connection of the various structures.

In some embodiments, the fabricated bottom plate 1120 and the fabricated top plate 1110 are provided with attachment holes 1130, which facilitate the attachment of the arc bolts to the various structures of the present embodiment through the attachment holes 1130.

According to one embodiment of the present utility model, the buffer layer 200 is shown to include a buffer bag, buffer fluid, and a pressure relief valve;

The buffer liquid is positioned in the buffer bag, and the space in the buffer bag is a closed space;

The assembled roof is provided with the pressure release pipe that communicates with the buffering bag, and the relief valve sets up on the pressure release pipe.

In this embodiment, through the combination setting of buffer bag, buffer solution and relief valve, can utilize the liquid in the middle of the buffer bag, can form high-pressure support counter-force to tunnel 300 wall, even tunnel 300 appears the deformation, stress effect and buffer bag, the buffer solution of buffer bag in the extrusion can be through the relief valve control relief tube on the annular support body 100, and the buffer solution flows from the relief tube to provide a invariable support resistance for tunnel 300 wall. In the event of a roadway 300 subjected to a rock burst or other dynamic disaster, a portion of the stress energy may be absorbed by the buffer solution in the buffer bag, thereby avoiding the impact of the dynamic disaster on the annular support 100. And when the buffer bag is filled, liquid is input into the buffer bag through the pressure relief pipe.

In some embodiments, the pressure relief valve is provided with a pressure gauge, and the pressure relief valve automatically controls the opening and closing of the pressure relief tube when a change occurs in the pressure value of the pressure gauge. When the pressure value increases, the pressure relief valve automatically controls the pressure relief pipe to open, so that the buffer solution washes out of the pressure relief pipe to provide a constant supporting resistance for the roadway 300. When the pressure value is recovered, the pressure relief valve automatically controls the pressure relief pipe to be closed.

In some embodiments, the buffer is water, readily available, or an inexpensive emulsified oil or the like.

According to one embodiment of the utility model, the fabricated top plate is of an asymmetric construction;

The asymmetric directions of the assembly top plates of the adjacent annular supporting bodies 100 are not the same;

The asymmetric direction is a straight line where the main stress part of the assembled top plate is located.

In this embodiment, in the adjacent annular supporting bodies 100, the asymmetric direction of one assembled top plate 1110 is different from the asymmetric direction of the other assembled top plate 1110, that is, the line where the main stress portion of one assembled top plate 1110 is located is different from the line where the main stress portion of the other assembled top plate 1110 is located, specifically, since the roadway 300 may have stresses in a plurality of different directions and the magnitudes of the stresses are different, the stress portion may be provided with different stress portions in the structure of one assembled top plate 1110, the stress portion may include the main stress portion, the sub stress portion, and other stress portions, etc., the line where the main stress portion of the assembled top plate 1110 is located is represented as the portion capable of bearing the main stress in the structure of the assembled top plate 1110, and the main stress portion of the assembled top plate 1110 may be correspondingly provided according to the direction of the maximum stress generated by the roadway 300, so that in the assembled top plate 1110 is provided at any position where the main stress portion of the assembled top plate 1110 is located, and the main stress portion of the assembled top plate 1110 is provided at a different direction from the main stress portion of the assembled top plate 1110. It is also understood that the line of the primary force receiving portion is the first position of one of the top panel assemblies 1110, and the connection of the other top panel assembly 1110 is the second position, or other non-first position.

Some roadway 300 deformation plastic regions are mainly butterfly-shaped, the maximum size and the minimum size of the butterfly-shaped plastic regions are greatly different, and in the areas, the surrounding rocks of the roadway 300 are easy to deform or shear and break greatly, so that the long-term stability of the surrounding rocks of the roadway 300 is not facilitated. Because the vertical line of the center of the roadway 300 belongs to the main supporting position of the upper stress, the assembled top plate 1110 is asymmetrically arranged through the embodiment, so that the connecting position of the assembled top plate 1110 is prevented from being positioned at the position of the roadway 300 where the stress is concentrated. Meanwhile, through the arrangement that the straight line of the main stress part of one assembled top plate 1110 is different from the straight line of the main stress part of the other assembled top plate 1110, the joint of the assembled top plates 1110 in the multi-group splicing structure 100 is not located on the same radial horizontal line of the roadway 300, the serious damage of the continuity of the joint is avoided, the deformation of the annular supporting body 100 is avoided, and meanwhile, the annular supporting body 100 can uniformly disperse the stress generated by the roadway 300, so that the supporting effect of the supporting device is improved, the supporting device is provided with different stress parts, and the application range of the annular supporting body 100 is increased. Meanwhile, the straight lines where the main stress parts are located are not arranged identically, so that the stress of the annular supporting body 100 is more uniform, the stress of the roadway 300 can be uniformly dispersed by the annular supporting body 100, and the supporting reliability of the annular supporting body 100 is further improved. The supporting device of the embodiment can be widely applied to the roadway 300 with complex conditions such as poor surrounding rock conditions, complex geological structures, large mining stress and ground stress.

In some embodiments, the fabricated bottom arch deck 1120 and the fabricated top arch 1110 are both highly compressive, highly fracture resistant materials to enhance the support strength of the annular support 100. The annular supporting body 100 of the embodiment can replace surrounding rock, so that one-time supporting without repairing can be realized, and the working content is greatly reduced.

The annular support body 100 in the present embodiment can be applied to support with a hole structure such as a coal mine tunnel 300, a tunnel, etc., and is not limited to support of the tunnel 300.

In some implementations, the straight line of the main stress portion of one of the fabricated top plates 1110 is perpendicular to the straight line of the main stress portion of the other fabricated top plate 1110, that is, the included angle between the straight line of the main stress portion of one of the fabricated top plates 1110 and the straight line of the main stress portion of the other fabricated top plate 1110 is 90 °, so that the stress generated by the roadway 300 is further uniformly dispersed by the annular supporting body 100, and the supporting effect of the annular supporting body 100 is improved.

In some embodiments, since the deformation plastic region of the roadway 300 is mainly a butterfly shape, the stress of the roadway 300 is a diagonal stress, the stress released by the roadway 300 is a diagonal stress released, and in the same annular support 100 structure, the stress parts of the annular support 100 are the assembled top plate 1110 and the assembled bottom plate 1120 which are positioned on the same diagonal, so as to adapt to the stress distribution situation of the butterfly-shaped deformation plastic region of the roadway 300.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the first annular supporting body 110 is spliced with the second annular supporting body 120, the asymmetric directions of the assembled top plates 1110 of the two annular supporting bodies 100 are different, so that the joints of the assembled top plates 1110 in the multiple groups of splicing structures 100 are prevented from being positioned on the same radial horizontal line of the roadway 300, and the capability of the annular supporting bodies 100 for balancing and dispersing stress is improved.

In some embodiments, the annular support 100 is comprised of a counter-floor, a straight wall and a semicircular roof, or a flat bottom, a straight wall and a semicircular roof, preferably the annular support 100 with a counter-floor, to accommodate the stresses occurring at the bottom of the roadway 300.

In some embodiments, the cross-section of the annular support 100 is a horseshoe cross-section, a circular cross-section, an oval cross-section, a rectangular cross-section, or the like, to support with a roadway 300 of a different shape cross-section.

In some embodiments, the ratio of the height of the fabricated top plate 1110 to the width of the fabricated top plate 1110 is 7:10, further improving the support capacity of the annular support 100.

Optionally, the material of the annular support 100 is one or more of high strength and high ductility. After the full-section supporting structure is adopted, the movement deformation of the soft rock and the weak cemented surrounding rock is limited in all directions, and the expansion stress of the soft rock and the weak cemented surrounding rock can cause great influence on the bearing performance of the full-section supporting structure after the soft rock and the weak cemented surrounding rock are swelled or crushed. By using the annular supporting body 100 made of high-strength materials, the compressive strength of the device of the embodiment can reach 200MPa, the device has high bearing capacity, the roadway 300 can be stably supported, the deformation of the annular supporting body 100 is prevented, and the use effect of the annular supporting body 100 is maintained. By using the annular supporting body 100 made of high-ductility material, when the annular supporting body 100 is broken when being stressed beyond the strength of the annular supporting body, the annular supporting body 100 can still maintain good integrity, avoid brittle failure and maintain the supporting capability of the annular supporting body 100. Further, in the joint structure 100, the annular support 100 may be an annular support 100 made of a high-strength material, an annular support 100 made of a high-ductility material, or a joint structure of an annular support 100 made of a high-strength material and an annular support 100 made of a high-ductility material.

Preferably, the material of the annular support 100 includes, but is not limited to, UHPC, concrete, and the like.

According to one embodiment of the utility model, the asymmetric directions of the assembled top plates 1110 of adjacent annular supports 100 are opposite.

In this embodiment, by arranging two adjacent assembly top plates 1110 in opposite asymmetric directions, on one hand, the supporting effect of the annular supporting body 100 can be increased, and on the other hand, the annular supporting body 100 can uniformly disperse the concentrated stress generated by the roadway 300, so as to further improve the supporting effect of the annular supporting body 100.

1-3, The fabricated top panel 1110 includes five arc-shaped prefabricated sections connected in sequence, and at least two arc-shaped prefabricated sections having equal arc lengths;

wherein, two arc prefabricated blocks with equal arc length are arranged at intervals.

In this embodiment, when the assembled top plate 1110 has two arc-shaped prefabricated blocks with equal arc lengths, it indicates that the other three arc-shaped prefabricated blocks can have any arc length, the two arc-shaped prefabricated blocks with equal arc lengths are arranged at intervals, specifically, at least one arc-shaped prefabricated block with unequal arc lengths is arranged between the two prefabricated blocks with equal arc lengths, so that the strength of the joint of the assembled top plate 1110 is enhanced, the supporting performance of the assembled top plate 1110 is enhanced, and the supporting effect of the annular supporting body 100 is improved.

In some embodiments, at least three arc-shaped prefabricated blocks with equal arc lengths are arranged in the five arc-shaped prefabricated blocks which are sequentially connected, wherein the three arc-shaped prefabricated blocks with equal arc lengths are arranged at intervals; or three arc prefabricated blocks with equal arc lengths are sequentially adjacent; or in the arc precast blocks with equal arc lengths, two arc precast blocks are adjacent and are arranged at intervals with the other arc precast block.

In this embodiment, when the assembled top plate 1110 has three arc-shaped prefabricated blocks with equal arc lengths, it indicates that the other two arc-shaped prefabricated blocks can have any arc length, the three arc-shaped prefabricated blocks with equal arc lengths can be arranged at intervals, specifically, an arc-shaped prefabricated block with unequal arc lengths is arranged between the adjacent arc-shaped prefabricated blocks with equal arc lengths, so that the supporting performance of the assembled top plate 1110 is further improved;

Or three arc-shaped precast blocks with equal arc lengths are sequentially connected, namely are sequentially adjacent, then the other two arc-shaped precast blocks with arbitrary arc lengths are sequentially connected, namely are adjacent, one of the two arc-shaped precast blocks with arbitrary arc lengths is connected with one of the three arc-shaped precast blocks with equal arc lengths through one of the arc-shaped precast blocks, so as to obtain an assembled top plate 1110, and when two annular supporting bodies 100 are spliced to support a roadway 300, the supporting stability of the annular supporting bodies 100 is ensured;

Or in the arc prefabricated section that three arc length equals, wherein two arc prefabricated sections are adjacent, and it sets up with another arc prefabricated section interval, specifically, the arc prefabricated section of interval arbitrary arc length at least, then indicate that the arc prefabricated section of arbitrary arc length of other two blocks is adjacent or interval, and this structure also further improves the supporting property of assembled roof 1110.

The assembled top plate 1110 is formed by connecting arc-shaped precast blocks, so that the annular supporting body 100 can be used for supporting the roadway 300 with the arc-shaped section, and has the function of targeted use.

1-3, The fabricated top panel 1110 includes a first arc-shaped prefabricated section 11111, a second arc-shaped prefabricated section 11112, a third arc-shaped prefabricated section 11113, a fourth arc-shaped prefabricated section 11114, and a fifth arc-shaped prefabricated section 11115, which are sequentially connected;

the first arc-shaped prefabricated block 11111 is connected with one end of the assembled bottom plate 1120, and the fifth arc-shaped prefabricated block 11115 is connected with the other end of the assembled bottom plate;

the arc length of the first arc-shaped prefabricated block 11111 is L1;

the arc length of the second arc-shaped precast block 11112 is L2;

The arc length of the third arc-shaped precast block 11113 is L3;

the arc length of the fourth arc-shaped precast block 11114 is L4;

The arc length of the fifth arc-shaped precast block 11115 is L5;

Wherein l1=l2=l4 > l3=l5.

In this embodiment, the arc length relationship of the five arc-shaped precast blocks is set to adapt to the butterfly-shaped deformation plastic region of the roadway 300, so that the annular supporting body 100 can adapt to the maximum size and the minimum size of the butterfly-shaped plastic region, and the probability of deformation or shearing damage of the roadway 300 is reduced. Through the arrangement of L1=L2=L4 > L3=L5, the joint of the arc precast block avoids two shoulders, a central line and two broken points of two sides of the semicircular arch at the upper part of the roadway 300, and the support reliability of the annular bearing body is ensured.

In some embodiments, the number of arc-shaped precast blocks at the main stress portion of one side of the assembled top plate 1110 is greater than the number of arc-shaped precast blocks at the other side of the assembled top plate 1110, so that the straight line at which the main stress portion of one annular supporting body 100 is located is different from the straight line at which the main stress portion of the other annular supporting body 100 is located, and the splicing structure 100 is ensured to uniformly disperse the stress generated by the roadway 300.

In some embodiments, the arc length relationship of the five arc-shaped precast blocks may be l1+.l2+.l4 > l3=l5, or l1+.l2=l4 > l3+.l5, or l1+.l2+.l3+.l4+.l5, or l1+.l3=l4=l5, so as to provide more different assembled roof structures for the annular support 100, so as to satisfy the deformation plastic regions of the various lanes 300 and increase the usage range of the annular support 100.

In some embodiments, the assembled top plate 1110 includes three arc-shaped precast blocks connected in sequence, wherein the arc lengths of the three arc-shaped precast blocks are equal, or the arc lengths of two arc-shaped precast blocks are equal, and the sum of the arc lengths of the two arc-shaped precast blocks with equal arc lengths is not equal to the arc length of the other arc-shaped precast block, or the arc lengths of the three arc-shaped precast blocks are not equal;

Wherein two arc-shaped precast blocks with equal arc length are adjacent, or the two arc-shaped precast blocks are arranged at intervals;

Or in the arc prefabricated blocks with unequal arc lengths, the arc prefabricated blocks with the maximum arc length are adjacent to the arc prefabricated blocks with the minimum arc length according to the arc lengths from big to small or from big to small.

In some embodiments, the present embodiment provides another structure of the assembled top plate 1110, through only three arc-shaped precast blocks and reasonable arrangement of arc length relations of the three arc-shaped precast blocks, the assembled top plate 1110 also reduces the installation work of the assembled top plate 1110 and improves the working efficiency under the condition of providing stable supporting performance for the roadway 300. The arc lengths of the two arc-shaped precast blocks are equal, and the sum of the arc lengths of the two arc-shaped precast blocks with the equal arc lengths is not equal to the arc length of the other arc-shaped precast block, so that the joint of the assembled top plate is prevented from being positioned on the same radial horizontal line of the roadway 300, and the supporting capacity of the assembled top plate 1110 is improved.

In some embodiments, the fabricated top panel 1110 includes two connected arcuate prefabricated sections, and the arc lengths of the two arcuate prefabricated sections are not equal.

In this embodiment, two arc-shaped precast blocks with unequal arc lengths are connected to form the structural arrangement of the assembled top plate, so that the assembled top plate 1110 also improves the working efficiency of installing the assembled top plate 1110 while providing stable supporting performance for the roadway 300.

Of course, the number of the assembled top plates 1110 in the present embodiment is not limited to the above-mentioned number of the arc-shaped prefabricated blocks, and the number of the arc-shaped prefabricated blocks should be exhaustive as long as the assembled top obtained by the connection is configured in an asymmetric structure.

According to an embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the fabricated top plate includes a first connecting prefabricated section, a second connecting prefabricated section, a third connecting prefabricated section and a fourth connecting prefabricated section which are sequentially connected;

An included angle alpha 1 is formed between the first connecting precast block and the second connecting precast block;

the third connecting prefabricated block is provided with a first connecting part and a second connecting part, an included angle alpha 2 is formed between the first connecting part and the first connecting part, the first connecting part is connected with the second connecting block prefabricated block, and the second connecting part is connected with the fourth connecting prefabricated block;

The first connection prefabricated section, the third connection prefabricated section, the fourth connection prefabricated section, the first connection portion and the second connection portion are rectangular structures, the length of the first connection prefabricated section is larger than that of the fourth connection prefabricated section, and the length of the second connection prefabricated section is unequal to that of the first connection portion.

In this embodiment, through the arrangement that the first connection prefabricated block and the second connection prefabricated block have an included angle α1 and the first connection portion have an included angle α2, the assembled top plate 1110 and the assembled bottom plate 1120 are connected to have a rectangular cross section, so that the annular supporting body 100 can be used for supporting the roadway 300 with a rectangular cross section, and has a function of targeted use.

In this embodiment, the second connecting portion and the fourth connecting prefabricated section are always on the same side.

In some embodiments, the length of the first connecting prefabricated section is equal to the sum of the lengths of the second connecting portion and the fourth connecting prefabricated section, so that the annular supporting body 100 can be used for supporting the roadway 300 with equal heights of two sides.

In some embodiments, the length of the first connecting prefabricated section is not equal to the sum of the lengths of the second connecting portion and the fourth connecting prefabricated section, so that the annular supporting body 100 can be used for supporting the roadway 300 with unequal heights of two sides.

Similarly, the number of prefabricated top panels 1110 in this embodiment is not limited to the number of arc-shaped prefabricated sections given above, and the number of arc-shaped prefabricated sections should be exhaustive as long as the prefabricated top panels 1110 obtained by the connection are of an asymmetric structure.

According to one embodiment of the present utility model, not shown, the assembled top plate includes a first rectangular prefabricated section, a second rectangular prefabricated section and a third rectangular prefabricated section which are sequentially connected, and the lengths of the first rectangular prefabricated section and the third rectangular prefabricated section are equal;

An included angle alpha 1 is formed between the first rectangular precast block and the second rectangular precast block;

an included angle alpha 2 is formed between one rectangular precast block and the second rectangular precast block.

In this embodiment, through the arrangement that an included angle α1 is formed between a rectangular prefabricated block and a second rectangular prefabricated block and an included angle α2 is formed between a rectangular prefabricated block and a second rectangular prefabricated block, the assembled top plate 1110 and the assembled bottom plate 1120 are connected to form a rectangular cross section, so that the annular supporting body 100 can be used for supporting the roadway 300 with a rectangular cross section, and has a function of targeted use.

According to one embodiment of the present utility model, α1=α2+.gtoreq.90° in the direction toward the assembled floor, as shown in fig. 5 and 6; or α1>90 °, α2=90°; or α1=90°, α2>90 °.

In the present embodiment, by the relationship between α1 and α2, when α1=α2=90°, the annular support body 100 has a rectangular cross section; when α1=α2>90 °, the annular support 100 has a trapezoidal cross section; when α1>90 °, α2=90°, or α1=90 °, α2>90 °, the annular support body 100 has a right trapezoid cross section.

In some embodiments, α1, α2 is ≡90°, and α1+.α2, in the direction toward the assembled floor, to accommodate a different trapezoidal section lane 300.

1-3, The fabricated base 1120 is an arcuate base, which is an asymmetric structure;

The direction of asymmetry of the arc-shaped bottom plate of one of the annular supporting bodies 100 is different from the direction of asymmetry of the arc-shaped bottom plate of the other annular supporting body 100;

The asymmetric direction is a straight line where the main stress part of the arc-shaped bottom plate is located.

In this embodiment, the arrangement of the arc-shaped bottom plate makes it possible to avoid deformation and damage of the tunnel 300 with serious floor heave in the annular supporting body 100 of this embodiment. By the arrangement that the straight line of the main stress part of the arc-shaped bottom plate of one annular supporting body 100 is different from the straight line of the main stress part of the arc-shaped bottom plate of the other annular supporting body 100, the connection position of the arc-shaped bottom plates of the two annular supporting bodies 100 is prevented from being positioned on the same radial horizontal line of the roadway 300, so that the reliability of the connection position of the arc-shaped bottom plates is ensured during operation of the arc-shaped bottom plates. And meanwhile, the connection part of the arc-shaped bottom plate is prevented from being positioned on the same radial horizontal line of the roadway 300, so that the supporting damage of radial continuity of the roadway 300 is prevented, and the supporting capacity of the arc-shaped bottom plate is improved.

In some implementations, the straight line where the main stress portion of one of the arc bottom plates is located is perpendicular to the straight line where the main stress portion of the other arc bottom plate is located, that is, an included angle between the straight line where the main stress portion of one of the arc bottom plates is located and the straight line where the main stress portion of the other arc bottom plate is located is 90 °, and the assembled top plate 1110 and the arc bottom plates are combined, so that the stress generated by the roadway 300 is further uniformly dispersed by the annular supporting body 100, and the supporting effect of the annular supporting body 100 is improved.

In some embodiments, the direction of asymmetry of the arcuate base of the first annular support 110 is opposite to the direction of asymmetry of the arcuate base of the second annular support 120. The arc-shaped bottom plate of the first annular supporting body 110 and the arc-shaped bottom plate of the second annular supporting body 120 together support the roadway 300, so that the stress of the roadway 300 can be uniformly dispersed.

In some embodiments, the arc-shaped bottom plate comprises a sixth arc-shaped precast block 11211 and a seventh arc-shaped precast block 11212 which are sequentially connected, the arc length of the sixth arc-shaped precast block 11211 is L6, the arc length of the seventh arc-shaped precast block 11212 is L7, and the L6 is not equal to L7, so that the connection position of the sixth arc-shaped precast block 11211 and the seventh arc-shaped precast block 11212 is prevented from being positioned on the same horizontal line in the radial direction of the roadway 300.

Preferably, 2l7> l6> l7, such that the arcuate floor conforms to the butterfly deformation plastic region of the roadway 300, thereby providing support reliability of the support device.

In some embodiments, the fabricated top plate 1110 is provided with a third connection portion 11115, and the fabricated bottom plate 1120 is provided with a fourth connection portion 11213 connected to the third connection portion 11115, and the cross sections of the third connection portion 11115 and the fourth connection portion 11213 in the vertical direction are rectangular structures. Because the bottom positions of the two side walls of the roadway 300 are the key positions of the roadway 300 for breaking deformation for a long time, the breaking deformation of the two side walls after the roadway 300 is stressed is avoided through the arrangement of the fourth connecting part 11213. By the arrangement of the third connecting portion 11115, the assembled bottom plate 1120 is convenient to be connected with the assembled top plate 1110, and the supporting capability of the annular supporting body 100 is further improved by the cooperation of the third connecting portion 11115 and the fourth connecting portion 11213.

In some embodiments, the heights of third connection 11115 and fourth connection 11213 are equal to improve the support capacity of annular support 100.

According to one embodiment of the present utility model, not shown, the fabricated top plate 1110 is provided with grouting through holes.

In this embodiment, through the arrangement of the grouting through holes, when the installation of the splicing structure 100 is completed and the filling grouting is performed between the splicing structure 100 and the roadway 300, the grout can enter the gap between the splicing structure 100 and the roadway 300 through the grouting through holes on the assembled top plate 1110, so that the annular supporting body 100 is fully contacted with the surrounding rock wall of the roadway 300, the stress uniformity of the annular supporting body 100 is further improved, the supporting stability of the annular supporting body 100 is improved, and the reliability of the annular supporting body 100 supporting the roadway 300 is ensured. In this embodiment, the buffer layer 200 is obtained by grouting through the grouting through hole and solidifying the slurry.

In some embodiments, the grouting through-holes are provided in a plurality of distributed top plates 1110 to increase the rate of filling the slurry between the access splice 100 and the roadway 300.

According to an embodiment of the present utility model, not shown in the drawings, a grouting valve is connected to the grouting through hole, and the grouting valve is provided with a pressure gauge.

In this embodiment, the outflow of slurry can be controlled by the setting of the grouting valve.

The foregoing description of the implementations of the utility model has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the utility model to the precise form disclosed, and modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings or may be acquired from practice of the utility model. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the principles of the utility model and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to utilize the utility model in various embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.

Claims (8)

1. The roadway support device is characterized by comprising a plurality of annular supporting bodies and a buffer layer, wherein the adjacent annular supporting bodies are spliced through lock catches;

the annular supporting body comprises an assembled bottom plate and an assembled top plate, and the assembled bottom plate is spliced with the assembled top plate through a lock catch to form a closed annular structure; the assembly type top plates are of asymmetric structures, and the asymmetric directions of the assembly type top plates of the adjacent annular supporting bodies are different; the asymmetric direction is a straight line where the main stress part of the assembled top plate is located;

The buffer layer is arranged between the annular supporting body and the roadway.

2. The roadway support apparatus of claim 1, wherein the buffer layer comprises a buffer bag, a buffer solution, and a pressure relief valve;

The buffer solution is positioned in the buffer bag, and the space in the buffer bag is a closed space;

the assembled roof be provided with the relief pipe of buffer bag intercommunication, the relief valve set up in on the relief pipe.

3. The roadway support device of claim 1, wherein the assembled top plate is an arc-shaped top plate, the arc-shaped top plate comprises five arc-shaped precast blocks which are connected in sequence, and at least two arc-shaped precast blocks with equal arc lengths are arranged,

Wherein two arc-shaped precast blocks with equal arc length are arranged at intervals.

4. The roadway support apparatus of claim 1, wherein the assembled roof comprises a first connecting prefabricated block, a second connecting prefabricated block, a third connecting prefabricated block and a fourth connecting prefabricated block which are sequentially connected;

An included angle alpha 1 is formed between the first connecting precast block and the second connecting precast block;

The third connecting prefabricated block is provided with a first connecting part and a second connecting part, an included angle alpha 2 is formed between the first connecting part and the first connecting part, the first connecting part is connected with the second connecting block prefabricated block, and the second connecting part is connected with the fourth connecting prefabricated block;

The first connecting prefabricated block, the third connecting prefabricated block, the fourth connecting prefabricated block, the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are all rectangular structures, and the length of the first connecting prefabricated block is larger than that of the fourth connecting prefabricated block.

5. The roadway support apparatus of claim 1, wherein the assembled top plate comprises a first rectangular prefabricated block, a second rectangular prefabricated block and a third rectangular prefabricated block which are connected in sequence, and the lengths of the first rectangular prefabricated block and the third rectangular prefabricated block are equal;

An included angle alpha 1 is formed between the first rectangular precast block and the second rectangular precast block;

And an included angle alpha 2 is formed between the second rectangular precast block and the third rectangular precast block.

6. A roadway support as claimed in claim 4 or claim 5, wherein α1 = α2 ∈90° in a direction towards the assembled floor; or α1>90 °, α2=90°; or α1=90°, α2>90 °.

7. The roadway support apparatus of claims 1, 3, 4 or 5 wherein the assembled floor is an arcuate floor, the arcuate floor being of an asymmetric configuration;

The asymmetric directions of the arc-shaped bottom plates of the adjacent annular supporting bodies are different;

the asymmetric direction is a straight line where the main stress part of the arc-shaped bottom plate is located.

8. The roadway support apparatus of claim 1, wherein the assembled roof is provided with grouting through holes.