CN220934129U - Reverse pole test system of fuel cell stack - Google Patents
Reverse pole test system of fuel cell stack Download PDFInfo
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- CN220934129U CN220934129U CN202322241546.3U CN202322241546U CN220934129U CN 220934129 U CN220934129 U CN 220934129U CN 202322241546 U CN202322241546 U CN 202322241546U CN 220934129 U CN220934129 U CN 220934129U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a reverse pole test system of a fuel cell stack, which comprises an anode treatment system, a cathode treatment system and a cooling loop system arranged in a cooling cavity; the anode treatment system comprises an anode gas conveying device, an anode humidifying device and an anode temperature control device which are sequentially arranged at the anode inlet side, an anode cooling device and an anode water-gas separation tank which are arranged at the anode outlet side; the cathode treatment system comprises a cathode gas conveying device, a cathode humidifying device and a cathode temperature control device which are sequentially arranged at the cathode inlet side, a cathode cooling device and a cathode water-gas separation tank which are arranged at the cathode outlet side; the cooling loop system comprises a circulating cooling water channel water tank connected with an outlet, a frequency converter and a cooling water channel temperature control device connected with an inlet, which are sequentially arranged. Compared with the prior art, the utility model can perform normal test and antipole test on the fuel cell stack, realize rapid switching and accurate control of conditions such as flow, temperature and the like, and has strong functionality of the antipole test system.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cell testing, in particular to a counter electrode testing system of a fuel cell stack.
Background
As a new green power source, a fuel cell engine is becoming one of the important developments of vehicle-mounted engines due to its excellent characteristics such as high efficiency and low emission. The fuel cell engine is based on the output of the load, and has good control for the whole vehicle; meanwhile, the energy output of the fuel cell engine is electric energy, so that the transmission and speed regulation structure of the traditional automobile is simplified. Although fuel cell engines have numerous advantages over internal combustion engines, fuel cell engines have become the mainstay of automotive engines instead of internal combustion engines, and many other problems need to be solved.
The anode of the fuel cell generates hydrogen oxidation reaction, hydrogen loses electrons to become protons, the cathode generates oxygen reduction reaction, and oxygen is reduced with the protons to generate water. The anode is enriched with a large number of electrons which are output from the anode for an external circuit, so that the potential on the anode side is generally lower than on the cathode side. When it appears that the potential of the anode is instead higher than the potential of the cathode, we refer to this phenomenon as the so-called "counter electrode". The reaction of water electrolysis is reversible for a single cell/galvanic pile, but the corrosion of a carbon carrier is irreversible, the corrosion of the carbon carrier can lead to the collapse of an anode catalytic layer structure, after the corrosion of the carbon carrier, pt particles fall off and agglomerate to lead to the reduction of ECSA (electrochemical active area), the hydrophilicity and the porosity of the catalytic layer structure change to influence the performance of the catalyst, and CO generated by the carbon corrosion reaction can poison the Pt-based catalyst to further reduce the performance of the catalyst. If the counter electrode time is long enough, the microporous layer adjacent to the catalytic layer will also undergo oxidation and run off. Meanwhile, a large amount of heat generated when the counter electrode occurs can form local high temperature points, so that degradation of the proton exchange membrane is accelerated, holes are formed, open circuit voltage is reduced, and even short circuit is seriously formed.
There is therefore a need for a system for detecting the counter-electrode phenomenon of a fuel cell stack, patent CN213903748U discloses a membrane electrode counter-electrode test system comprising a counter-electrode time for testing a membrane electrode of a fuel cell, the counter-electrode test system comprising: a first gas delivery device for supplying hydrogen or nitrogen to the anode side of the cell, a second gas delivery device for supplying air to the cathode side of the cell, a DC power supply and an electronic load connected in series to the cell, and an internal resistance test device connected in parallel to the cell, the DC power supply and the electronic load being connected in series. The test system can synchronously monitor the change condition of the internal resistance of the battery in the process of the counter electrode while the counter electrode is operated, and can determine the effective counter electrode resisting time through the condition that the internal resistance of the battery is greatly increased in the process of the counter electrode test, so that the result of the counter electrode test is more accurate.
However, the patent is suitable for detecting the opposite poles of the membrane electrode, and cannot be suitable for testing the opposite poles of the fuel cell stack, and no related detection system is available at present for testing and analyzing the state of the opposite poles of the stack.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an opposite-pole testing system of a fuel cell stack.
The aim of the utility model can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
The technical scheme of the utility model is to provide an inverse pole test system of a fuel cell stack, which comprises an anode treatment system, a cathode treatment system and a cooling loop system arranged in a cooling cavity of the fuel cell stack;
the anode treatment system comprises an anode gas conveying device, an anode humidifying device and an anode temperature control device which are sequentially arranged at the anode inlet side of the fuel cell stack, an anode cooling device and an anode water-gas separation tank which are arranged at the anode outlet side of the fuel cell stack;
The cathode treatment system comprises a cathode gas conveying device, a cathode humidifying device and a cathode temperature control device which are sequentially arranged at the cathode inlet side of the fuel cell stack, a cathode cooling device and a cathode water-gas separation tank which are arranged at the cathode outlet side of the fuel cell stack;
The cooling loop system comprises a circulating cooling water channel water tank, a frequency converter and a cooling water channel temperature control device which are sequentially arranged, wherein the circulating cooling water channel water tank is connected with an inlet of the cooling cavity, and an outlet of the cooling cavity is connected with the circulating cooling water channel water tank.
In some specific embodiments, the cooling loop system further comprises a cooling water path back pressure valve and a cooling water path temperature control device which are connected with the circulating cooling water path water tank and used for providing pressurization for the circulating cooling water path closed loop, and a cooling water path pressure sensor and a cooling water path temperature sensor are arranged at the inlet of the cooling cavity and the outlet of the cooling cavity.
Furthermore, a water inlet filter, a water tank electromagnetic valve, a first liquid level sensor and the like are arranged in the circulating water channel water tank and are used for supplementing water and storing water of the integral circulating cooling water channel.
Still further, the cooling water path temperature control device comprises a fifth heater for heating, a seventh plate heat exchanger for cooling, and a proportional valve for controlling the flow of external cold water flowing out of the circulating water path water tank.
Still further, the cooling water path pressure sensor comprises a pile inlet pressure sensor arranged at the inlet of the cooling cavity and a pile outlet pressure sensor arranged at the outlet of the cooling cavity.
Still further, the cooling water path temperature sensor comprises a pile inlet temperature sensor arranged at the inlet of the cooling cavity and a pile outlet temperature sensor arranged at the outlet of the cooling cavity.
In some embodiments, the anode gas delivery means comprises anode pretreatment means for purifying hydrogen and nitrogen pretreatment means for purifying nitrogen.
Further, the anode pretreatment device comprises a hydrogen conveying pipe, a first pressure reducing valve, a first filter and a first electromagnetic valve, wherein the first pressure reducing valve, the first filter and the first electromagnetic valve are arranged on the hydrogen conveying pipe, and after hydrogen passes through the first pressure reducing valve and the first filter to regulate the pressure of the hydrogen and filter impurities in the hydrogen, the hydrogen flow is controlled by the first electromagnetic valve;
the nitrogen pretreatment device comprises a nitrogen conveying pipe, a second pressure reducing valve, a second filter and a second electromagnetic valve, wherein the second pressure reducing valve, the second filter and the second electromagnetic valve are arranged on the nitrogen conveying pipe, and nitrogen is subjected to nitrogen flow switching control through the second electromagnetic valve after the pressure of the nitrogen is regulated and impurities in the nitrogen are filtered through the second pressure reducing valve and the second filter.
In some embodiments, the anode gas delivery device includes a hydrogen mass flow controller disposed at an outlet end of the anode pretreatment device, a nitrogen mass flow controller disposed at an outlet end of the nitrogen pretreatment device, and a third electromagnetic valve, where the nitrogen mass flow controller is used to precisely control a flow rate of nitrogen, and the third electromagnetic valve is used to prevent a reverse impact of a hydrogen pressure on the fuel cell stack when the nitrogen is not required to be mixed.
In some specific embodiments, the outlet end of the anode gas conveying device is further provided with a first electric three-way valve, two branches are arranged behind the first electric three-way valve, a first flowmeter and the anode temperature control device are arranged on one branch, the anode humidifying device, a fourth electromagnetic valve and the anode temperature control device are sequentially arranged on the other branch, the current required dry-wet mixing proportion can be obtained through humidity calculation, the first flowmeter monitors the current dry gas flow, the opening degree of the first electric three-way valve is changed through PID algorithm control, and the actual dry gas and wet gas flow is equal to the required flow.
In some embodiments, the anode humidifying device comprises a first humidifying tank, a first humidifying tank circulating water pipeline, and a first variable frequency water pump, a first variable frequency water pump outlet pressure sensor, a first heater, a first plate heat exchanger hot side outlet temperature sensor and a first plate heat exchanger cold side outlet proportional valve which are arranged on the first humidifying tank circulating water pipeline, wherein the first variable frequency water pump is used for controlling the loop flow and pressure of the first humidifying tank circulating water pipeline, and the first heater, the first plate heat exchanger hot side outlet temperature sensor and the first plate heat exchanger cold side outlet proportional valve are used for controlling the loop temperature of the first humidifying tank circulating water pipeline, and after hydrogen enters the first humidifying tank, spraying humidification is performed to reach the set dew point temperature.
In some embodiments, the anode temperature control device comprises a gas delivery pipe connected with the first flowmeter, a second heater arranged on the gas delivery pipe, a second heater outlet temperature sensor, a second plate heat exchanger hot side outlet temperature sensor, a second plate heat exchanger cold side outlet proportional valve and a second plate heat exchanger cold side outlet proportional valve heating belt, and the temperature of the hydrogen gas feeding pile is precisely controlled through the second heater, the second plate heat exchanger and the related temperature sensors.
In some embodiments, the anode cooling device comprises a third plate heat exchanger, a third plate heat exchanger cold side ball valve, a third plate heat exchanger cold side temperature sensor and a third plate heat exchanger hot side outlet temperature sensor, wherein the third plate heat exchanger is used for cooling tail-gas high-temperature hydrogen.
In some embodiments, the anode treatment system further comprises an anode inlet pressure sensor and an anode inlet temperature sensor arranged between the anode temperature control device and the anode inlet, an anode outlet pressure sensor and an anode outlet temperature sensor arranged between the anode outlet and the anode cooling device, and an anode back pressure proportional valve arranged between the anode cooling device and the anode water-gas separation tank, wherein the anode back pressure proportional valve is used for controlling the back pressure of the whole hydrogen pipeline so as to control the hydrogen pressure of the in-cell stack.
In some embodiments, the anode water-gas separation tank is further provided with a first water draining electromagnetic valve, and the anode water-gas separation tank is used for collecting liquid water condensed and separated after cooling.
In some embodiments, the cathode gas delivery device comprises an air delivery pipe, a second pressure reducing valve, a second filter and a fifth electromagnetic valve, wherein the second pressure reducing valve, the second filter and the fifth electromagnetic valve are arranged on the air delivery pipe, and air flow switching control is performed through the fifth electromagnetic valve after air passes through the second pressure reducing valve and the second filter to regulate air pressure and filter impurities in the air.
In some specific embodiments, the outlet end of the cathode gas conveying device is further provided with an air mass flow controller and a second electric three-way valve, two branches are arranged behind the second electric three-way valve, one branch is sequentially provided with a second flowmeter and the cathode temperature control device, the other branch is sequentially provided with the cathode humidifying device, a sixth electromagnetic valve and the cathode temperature control device, the air mass flow controller is used for controlling the total air flow, the current required dry-wet mixing proportion can be obtained through humidity calculation, the second flowmeter is used for monitoring the current dry air flow, the opening degree of the second electric three-way valve is controlled through a PID algorithm, and the fact that the dry air and humidity actual flow is equal to the required flow is achieved.
In some specific embodiments, the cathode humidifying device comprises a second humidifying tank, a second humidifying tank circulating water pipeline, a second variable-frequency water pump outlet pressure sensor, a third heater, a fourth plate heat exchanger hot side outlet temperature sensor and a fourth plate heat exchanger cold side outlet proportional valve, wherein the second variable-frequency water pump is arranged on the second humidifying tank circulating water pipeline and is used for controlling the loop flow and pressure of the second humidifying tank circulating water pipeline, and the third heater, the fourth plate heat exchanger hot side outlet temperature sensor and the fourth plate heat exchanger cold side outlet proportional valve are used for controlling the loop temperature of the second humidifying tank circulating water pipeline, so that air enters the second humidifying tank and then is subjected to spray humidification to reach the set dew point temperature.
In some specific embodiments, the cathode temperature control device comprises an air conveying pipe connected with the second flowmeter, a fourth heater arranged on the air conveying pipe, a fourth heater outlet temperature sensor, a fifth plate heat exchanger hot side outlet temperature sensor, a fifth plate heat exchanger cold side outlet proportional valve and a fifth plate heat exchanger cold side outlet heating belt, and the temperature of the air entering the electric pile is precisely controlled through the fourth heater, the fifth plate heat exchanger and related temperature sensors.
In some embodiments, the cathode cooling device comprises a sixth plate heat exchanger, a sixth plate heat exchanger cold side ball valve, a sixth plate heat exchanger cold side temperature sensor, a sixth plate heat exchanger hot side outlet temperature sensor, wherein the sixth plate heat exchanger is used for cooling tail-row high-temperature air.
In some embodiments, the cathode processing system further comprises a cathode inlet pressure sensor and a cathode inlet temperature sensor arranged between the cathode temperature control device and the cathode inlet, a cathode outlet pressure sensor and a cathode outlet temperature sensor arranged between the cathode outlet and the cathode temperature reduction device, and a cathode back pressure proportional valve arranged between the cathode temperature reduction device and the cathode water-gas separation tank, wherein the cathode back pressure proportional valve is used for controlling back pressure of the whole air pipeline so as to control air pressure of the in-pile air.
In some embodiments, the cathode water-gas separation tank is further provided with a second water draining electromagnetic valve, and the cathode water-gas separation tank is used for collecting liquid water condensed and separated after cooling.
In some specific embodiments, the first humidification tank and the second humidification tank are both internally provided with a second liquid level sensor, a water supplementing electromagnetic valve and a water draining electromagnetic valve, after long-time continuous operation, a large amount of water is taken away by gas, and water supplementing can be carried out on the first humidification tank and the second humidification tank through detection of the liquid level meter, so that the gas of the first humidification tank and the second humidification tank is 100% RH humidity.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The utility model can realize the simulation of various working conditions of the gas circuit of the fuel cell stack under the conditions of different flow rates, temperatures, humidity and pressures by the anode treatment system, the cathode treatment system and the cooling loop system, realize the simulation of various working conditions of the water circuit of the fuel cell stack under the conditions of different flow rates, temperatures and pressures, perform normal test and opposite pole test on the fuel cell stack, evaluate the performance attenuation degree of the fuel cell stack before and after the opposite pole through the opposite pole working condition test, and also compare the opposite pole performances of different fuel cell stacks.
(2) The utility model can realize the rapid switching and accurate control of flow, temperature, humidity, gas back pressure and dry and wet gas, and the inverse pole test system has strong functionality.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is a graph of current variation.
The figures are identified as follows:
1 is an anode pretreatment device, 2 is a hydrogen mass flow controller, 3 is a first electric three-way valve, 4 is a first flow meter, 5 is an anode humidification device, 6 is a fourth electromagnetic valve, 7 is an anode temperature control device, 8 is an anode inlet pressure sensor, 9 is an anode inlet temperature sensor, 10 is an anode outlet temperature sensor, 11 is an anode outlet pressure sensor, 12 is an anode cooling device, 13 is an anode back pressure proportional valve, 14 is an anode water-gas separation tank, 15 is a nitrogen pretreatment device, 16 is a nitrogen mass flow controller, 17 is a third electromagnetic valve, 18 is a cathode gas delivery device, 19 is an air mass flow controller, 20 is a second electric three-way valve, 21 is a second flow meter, 22 is a cathode humidification device, 23 is a sixth electromagnetic valve, 24 is a cathode temperature control device, 25 is a cathode inlet pressure sensor, 26 is a cathode inlet temperature sensor, 27 is a cathode outlet temperature sensor, 28 is a cathode outlet pressure sensor, 29 is a cathode back pressure proportional valve, 31 is a cathode water-gas separation tank, 32 is a circulation cooling water tank, 33 is a frequency converter, 34 is a cooling water-channel temperature sensor, and a water channel is a water channel temperature sensor, a cooling device is a water channel is a temperature sensor, a cooling device is a temperature sensor, and a water channel is a temperature sensor is a 37, a temperature of a cooling device is a stack, and a temperature of a cooling device is a 37.
Detailed Description
The utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical scheme of the present utility model, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited to the following examples.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
Some embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example 1:
Referring to fig. 1, an antipole testing system of a fuel cell stack comprises an anode processing system, a cathode processing system and a cooling loop system arranged in a cooling cavity of the fuel cell stack; the anode treatment system comprises an anode gas conveying device, an anode humidifying device 5 and an anode temperature control device 7 which are sequentially arranged at the anode inlet side of the fuel cell stack, an anode cooling device 12 and an anode water-gas separation tank 14 which are arranged at the anode outlet side of the fuel cell stack; the cathode treatment system comprises a cathode gas conveying device 18, a cathode humidifying device 22 and a cathode temperature control device 24 which are sequentially arranged at the cathode inlet side of the fuel cell stack, a cathode cooling device 29 and a cathode water-gas separation tank 31 which are arranged at the cathode outlet side of the fuel cell stack; the cooling loop system comprises a circulating cooling water channel water tank 32, a frequency converter 34 and a cooling water channel temperature control device 35 which are sequentially arranged, the cooling water channel temperature control device 35 is connected with an inlet of the cooling cavity, and an outlet of the cooling cavity is connected with the circulating cooling water channel water tank 32.
The cooling loop system further comprises a cooling water path back pressure valve 33 and a cooling water path temperature control device 35 which are connected with the circulating cooling water path water tank 32 and used for providing pressurization for the circulating cooling water path closed loop, and a cooling water path pressure sensor and a cooling water path temperature sensor are arranged at the inlet of the cooling cavity and the outlet of the cooling cavity. The circulation waterway water tank 32 is internally provided with a water inlet filter, a water tank electromagnetic valve, a first liquid level sensor and the like for supplementing water and storing water of the integral circulation cooling waterway. The cooling water path temperature control device 35 includes a fifth heater for heating up, a seventh plate heat exchanger for cooling down, and a proportional valve for controlling the flow rate of the external cold water flowing out of the circulation water path tank 32. The cooling water path pressure sensor includes a stack inlet pressure sensor 36 disposed at the cooling cavity inlet and a stack outlet pressure sensor 38 disposed at the cooling cavity outlet. The cooling water path temperature sensor comprises a pile inlet temperature sensor 37 arranged at the inlet of the cooling cavity and a pile outlet temperature sensor 39 arranged at the outlet of the cooling cavity.
The anode gas delivery device includes an anode pretreatment device 1 for purifying hydrogen gas and a nitrogen pretreatment device 15 for purifying nitrogen gas. The anode pretreatment device 1 comprises a hydrogen conveying pipe, a first pressure reducing valve, a first filter and a first electromagnetic valve, wherein the first pressure reducing valve, the first filter and the first electromagnetic valve are arranged on the hydrogen conveying pipe, and hydrogen flow switching control is performed through the first electromagnetic valve after hydrogen passes through the first pressure reducing valve and the first filter to regulate the pressure of the hydrogen and filter impurities in the hydrogen; the nitrogen pretreatment device 15 comprises a nitrogen delivery pipe, a second pressure reducing valve, a second filter and a second electromagnetic valve, wherein the second pressure reducing valve, the second filter and the second electromagnetic valve are arranged on the nitrogen delivery pipe, and after nitrogen passes through the second pressure reducing valve and the second filter to adjust the pressure of the nitrogen and filter impurities in the nitrogen, the nitrogen flow is controlled by the second electromagnetic valve. The anode gas conveying device comprises a hydrogen mass flow controller 2 arranged at the outlet end of the anode pretreatment device 1, a nitrogen mass flow controller 16 arranged at the outlet end of the nitrogen pretreatment device 15 and a third electromagnetic valve 17, wherein the nitrogen mass flow controller 16 is used for precisely controlling the flow of nitrogen, and the third electromagnetic valve 17 is used for preventing the reverse impact of the hydrogen pressure on the fuel cell stack when the nitrogen does not need to be mixed. The outlet end of the anode gas conveying device is further provided with a first electric three-way valve 3, two branches are arranged behind the first electric three-way valve 3, a first flowmeter 4 and an anode temperature control device 7 are sequentially arranged on one branch, an anode humidifying device 5, a fourth electromagnetic valve 6 and the anode temperature control device 7 are sequentially arranged on the other branch, the current required dry-wet mixing proportion can be obtained through humidity calculation, the current dry gas flow is monitored by the first flowmeter 4, the opening degree is changed by the first electric three-way valve 3 through PID algorithm control, and the actual dry gas and wet gas flow is equal to the required flow.
The anode humidifying device 5 comprises a first humidifying tank, a first humidifying tank circulating water pipeline and a first variable frequency water pump, a first variable frequency water pump outlet pressure sensor, a first heater, a first plate heat exchanger hot side outlet temperature sensor and a first plate heat exchanger cold side outlet proportional valve which are arranged on the first humidifying tank circulating water pipeline, wherein the first variable frequency water pump is used for controlling the loop flow and pressure of the first humidifying tank circulating water pipeline, and the first heater, the first plate heat exchanger hot side outlet temperature sensor and the first plate heat exchanger cold side outlet proportional valve are used for controlling the loop temperature of the first humidifying tank circulating water pipeline, so that hydrogen enters the first humidifying tank and then sprays and humidifies to reach the set dew point temperature.
The anode temperature control device 7 comprises a gas conveying pipe connected with the first flowmeter 4, a second heater arranged on the gas conveying pipe, a second heater outlet temperature sensor, a second plate heat exchanger hot side outlet temperature sensor, a second plate heat exchanger cold side outlet proportional valve and a second plate heat exchanger cold side outlet proportional valve heating belt, and the temperature of the hydrogen gas feeding pile is precisely controlled through the second heater, the second plate heat exchanger and the related temperature sensors.
The anode cooling device 12 comprises a third plate heat exchanger, a third plate heat exchanger cold side ball valve, a third plate heat exchanger cold side temperature sensor and a third plate heat exchanger hot side outlet temperature sensor, and the third plate heat exchanger is used for cooling tail-row high-temperature hydrogen.
The anode treatment system further comprises an anode inlet pressure sensor 8, an anode inlet temperature sensor 9 and an anode outlet pressure sensor 11 and an anode outlet temperature sensor 10 which are arranged between the anode temperature control device 7 and the anode inlet, and an anode back pressure proportional valve 13 which is arranged between the anode temperature control device 12 and the anode water-gas separation tank 14, wherein the anode back pressure proportional valve 13 is used for controlling the back pressure of the whole hydrogen pipeline so as to control the hydrogen pressure of the electric pile. The anode water-gas separation tank 14 is further provided with a first draining electromagnetic valve, and the anode water-gas separation tank 14 is used for collecting liquid water condensed and separated after cooling and can be used for supplementing the water level in the circulating waterway water tank 32.
The cathode gas delivery device 18 comprises an air delivery pipe, a second pressure reducing valve, a second filter and a fifth electromagnetic valve, wherein the second pressure reducing valve, the second filter and the fifth electromagnetic valve are arranged on the air delivery pipe, and air flow switching control is performed through the fifth electromagnetic valve after air passes through the second pressure reducing valve and the second filter to regulate air pressure and filter impurities in the air.
The outlet end of the cathode gas conveying device 18 is further provided with an air mass flow controller 19 and a second electric three-way valve 20, two branches are arranged behind the second electric three-way valve 20, a second flowmeter 21 and a cathode temperature control device 24 are sequentially arranged on one branch, a cathode humidifying device 22, a sixth electromagnetic valve 23 and the cathode temperature control device 24 are sequentially arranged on the other branch, the air mass flow controller 19 is used for controlling the total air flow, the current required dry-wet mixing proportion can be obtained through humidity calculation, the second flowmeter 21 monitors the current dry air flow, the second electric three-way valve 20 is controlled to change the opening degree through a PID algorithm, and the actual dry gas and humidity flow is equal to the required flow.
The cathode humidifying device 22 comprises a second humidifying tank, a second humidifying tank circulating water pipeline, a second variable frequency water pump outlet pressure sensor, a third heater, a fourth plate heat exchanger hot side outlet temperature sensor and a fourth plate heat exchanger cold side outlet proportional valve, wherein the second variable frequency water pump is arranged on the second humidifying tank circulating water pipeline and is used for controlling the loop flow and pressure of the second humidifying tank circulating water pipeline, and the third heater, the fourth plate heat exchanger hot side outlet temperature sensor and the fourth plate heat exchanger cold side outlet proportional valve are used for controlling the loop temperature of the second humidifying tank circulating water pipeline, so that air enters the second humidifying tank and then is sprayed and humidified to reach the set dew point temperature.
The cathode temperature control device 24 comprises an air conveying pipe connected with the second flowmeter 21, a fourth heater arranged on the air conveying pipe, a fourth heater outlet temperature sensor, a fifth plate heat exchanger hot side outlet temperature sensor, a fifth plate heat exchanger cold side outlet proportional valve and a fifth plate heat exchanger cold side outlet heating belt, and the temperature of the air inlet pile is precisely controlled through the fourth heater, the fifth plate heat exchanger and the related temperature sensors.
The cathode cooling device 29 comprises a sixth plate heat exchanger, a cold side ball valve of the sixth plate heat exchanger, a cold side temperature sensor of the sixth plate heat exchanger and a hot side outlet temperature sensor of the sixth plate heat exchanger, and the sixth plate heat exchanger is used for cooling tail-row high-temperature air.
The cathode processing system further comprises a cathode inlet pressure sensor 25, a cathode inlet temperature sensor 26, a cathode outlet pressure sensor 28, a cathode outlet temperature sensor 27 and a cathode back pressure proportional valve 30, wherein the cathode inlet pressure sensor 25 and the cathode inlet temperature sensor 26 are arranged between the cathode temperature control device 24 and the cathode inlet, the cathode outlet pressure sensor 28 and the cathode outlet temperature sensor 27 are arranged between the cathode outlet and the cathode temperature control device 29, and the cathode back pressure proportional valve 30 is arranged between the cathode temperature control device 29 and the cathode water-gas separation tank 31, and is used for controlling the back pressure of the whole air pipeline so as to control the air pressure of the electric pile.
The cathode water-gas separation tank 31 is further provided with a second drainage electromagnetic valve, and the cathode water-gas separation tank 31 is used for collecting liquid water condensed and separated after cooling and can be used for supplementing the water level in the circulating waterway water tank 32.
The first humidification jar and the second humidification jar are internally provided with a second liquid level sensor, a water supplementing valve and a drainage electromagnetic valve, after long-time continuous work, a large amount of water is taken away by gas, and water supplementing can be carried out on the first humidification jar and the second humidification jar through detection of the liquid level meter, so that the gas of the first humidification jar and the second humidification jar is 100% RH humidity.
The reverse polarity process can cause the anode potential of the fuel cell to be higher than the cathode potential, i.e., the fuel cell voltage is negative, which severely affects the performance and durability of the fuel cell. It is therefore necessary to evaluate the anti-electrode capability of the MEA (membrane electrode). And in the state that the cathode and the anode of the fuel cell are respectively introduced with air and nitrogen, specific reverse current is applied, the reverse process in the electric pile is simulated, the time for maintaining the fuel cell under the specific reverse current is tested, and the longer the time is, the better the reverse resistance of the MEA is.
Before the reverse pole test, normal activation and polarization test is carried out on the fuel cell stack, nitrogen is introduced into the anode after the test, air is still introduced into the cathode, the temperature and the humidity are respectively set to 90 ℃ and 100% RH, a reverse pole power supply is started to set current of 200mA/cm 2, the test is finished after the single-chip voltage of the fuel cell stack detected by CVM (voltage inspection instrument) reaches-1.5V or 1.5h, the normal activation and polarization test is carried out after the reverse pole test, the single-chip voltage of the fuel cell stack before and after the reverse pole is compared, and the influence of the reverse pole test on the stack is evaluated.
During the counter electrode test, HFR monitoring and recording are carried out through a high-frequency impedance tester.
The current change curve of the whole process is shown in fig. 2.
It should be noted that the following steps are included:
(1) Criterion for working condition reaching set value
The difference between the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet of the galvanic pile, the dew point temperature of the cathode and the anode and the set value is < + -2 ℃, the difference between the gas temperature and the set value is < + -5 ℃, the difference between the pressure and the set value is < + -2 kPa, and the difference between the air metering ratio and the set value is less than 1%.
(2) Requirements for ΔTW during load changing
The value of ΔTW during a load change is not as great as the ΔTW required for the smaller current density point in the adjacent gear during the load change.
As shown in fig. 2, the fuel cell counter electrode test process mainly comprises four parts, namely a counter electrode pre-balance process (P1-P12), a nitrogen replacement process (P13), a counter electrode test process (P14-P16) and a shutdown purge. Wherein the loading mode of the balancing process before the counter electrode is 5A/s, the waiting time is 1s, the balancing time is 30min, and the load reduction mode is 10A/s.
After the counter electrode test, the current density is balanced by pulling to be suitable according to the specific situation of the electric pile.
The previous description of the embodiments is provided to facilitate a person of ordinary skill in the art in order to make and use the present utility model. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be readily made to these embodiments and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present utility model is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art, based on the present disclosure, should make improvements and modifications without departing from the scope of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. The system is characterized by comprising an anode treatment system, a cathode treatment system and a cooling loop system arranged in a cooling cavity of the fuel cell stack;
The anode treatment system comprises an anode gas conveying device, an anode humidifying device (5) and an anode temperature control device (7) which are sequentially arranged at the anode inlet side of the fuel cell stack, an anode cooling device (12) and an anode water-gas separation tank (14) which are arranged at the anode outlet side of the fuel cell stack;
The cathode treatment system comprises a cathode gas conveying device (18), a cathode humidifying device (22) and a cathode temperature control device (24) which are sequentially arranged at the cathode inlet side of the fuel cell stack, a cathode cooling device (29) and a cathode water-gas separation tank (31) which are arranged at the cathode outlet side of the fuel cell stack;
The cooling loop system comprises a circulating cooling water channel water tank (32), a frequency converter (34) and a cooling water channel temperature control device (35) which are sequentially arranged, wherein the cooling water channel temperature control device (35) is connected with an inlet of the cooling cavity, and an outlet of the cooling cavity is connected with the circulating cooling water channel water tank (32).
2. The reverse pole test system of a fuel cell stack according to claim 1, wherein the cooling circuit system further comprises a cooling water circuit back pressure valve (33) connected with the circulating cooling water circuit water tank (32) and used for providing pressurization of the circulating cooling water circuit closed circuit, and a cooling water circuit pressure sensor and a cooling water circuit temperature sensor are arranged at the inlet of the cooling cavity and the outlet of the cooling cavity.
3. A fuel cell stack counter electrode testing system according to claim 2, wherein said cooling water path pressure sensor comprises a stack inlet pressure sensor (36) provided at the cooling cavity inlet and a stack outlet pressure sensor (38) provided at the cooling cavity outlet.
4. A fuel cell stack counter electrode testing system according to claim 2, wherein said cooling water path temperature sensor comprises a stack inlet temperature sensor (37) provided at the cooling cavity inlet and a stack outlet temperature sensor (39) provided at the cooling cavity outlet.
5. The reverse pole test system of a fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that the anode gas delivery means comprises an anode pretreatment means (1) for purifying hydrogen and a nitrogen pretreatment means (15) for purifying nitrogen.
6. The reverse pole test system of a fuel cell stack according to claim 5, wherein the anode gas delivery device further comprises a hydrogen mass flow controller (2) provided at an outlet end of the anode pretreatment device (1), a nitrogen mass flow controller (16) provided at an outlet end of the nitrogen pretreatment device (15), and a third electromagnetic valve (17).
7. The reverse pole test system of the fuel cell stack according to claim 1, wherein the outlet end of the anode gas conveying device is further provided with a first electric three-way valve (3), two branches are respectively arranged behind the first electric three-way valve (3), one branch is sequentially provided with a first flowmeter (4) and the anode temperature control device (7), and the other branch is sequentially provided with the anode humidifying device (5), a fourth electromagnetic valve (6) and the anode temperature control device (7).
8. The anode testing system of a fuel cell stack according to claim 1, further comprising an anode inlet pressure sensor (8), an anode inlet temperature sensor (9) provided between the anode temperature control device (7) and an anode inlet, an anode outlet pressure sensor (11), an anode outlet temperature sensor (10) provided between an anode outlet and the anode temperature reduction device (12), and an anode back pressure proportional valve (13) provided between the anode temperature reduction device (12) and the anode water-gas separation tank (14).
9. The reverse pole test system of a fuel cell stack according to claim 1, wherein the outlet end of the cathode gas delivery device (18) is further provided with an air mass flow controller (19) and a second electric three-way valve (20), two branches are arranged behind the second electric three-way valve (20), one branch is sequentially provided with a second flowmeter (21) and the cathode temperature control device (24), and the other branch is sequentially provided with the cathode humidifying device (22), a sixth electromagnetic valve (23) and the cathode temperature control device (24).
10. The reverse pole test system of a fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that the cathode processing system further comprises a cathode inlet pressure sensor (25), a cathode inlet temperature sensor (26) arranged between the cathode temperature control device (24) and a cathode inlet, a cathode outlet pressure sensor (28), a cathode outlet temperature sensor (27) arranged between a cathode outlet and the cathode temperature reduction device (29), and a cathode back pressure proportional valve (30) arranged between the cathode temperature reduction device (29) and the cathode water-gas separation tank (31).
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| CN118173829A (en) * | 2024-05-14 | 2024-06-11 | 氢质氢离(北京)氢能科技有限公司 | Thermal management system for hydrogen fuel cell |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN118173829A (en) * | 2024-05-14 | 2024-06-11 | 氢质氢离(北京)氢能科技有限公司 | Thermal management system for hydrogen fuel cell |
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