CN220914541U - Microstrip line directional coupler, radio frequency transceiver and vector network analyzer - Google Patents
Microstrip line directional coupler, radio frequency transceiver and vector network analyzer Download PDFInfo
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- CN220914541U CN220914541U CN202322539735.9U CN202322539735U CN220914541U CN 220914541 U CN220914541 U CN 220914541U CN 202322539735 U CN202322539735 U CN 202322539735U CN 220914541 U CN220914541 U CN 220914541U
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Abstract
The micro-strip antenna comprises a radio frequency input end, a radio frequency output end, a coupling end, a grounding end, a micro-strip main line, a micro-strip auxiliary line and a micro-strip line connecting circuit. The microstrip line connection circuit includes an odd number of resistor string units, each including at least two first resistors R0 connected in series. The microstrip main line and the microstrip auxiliary line are arranged on the same PCB in parallel, the resistor string units are connected between the microstrip main line and the microstrip auxiliary line, and the distance between any two resistor string units can be dynamically adjusted. The distance between the resistor string units can be dynamically adjusted, so that the microstrip line directional coupler has wider matching frequency band, smaller insertion loss, better port standing wave effect and higher coupling degree, and is easy to integrate on a PCB circuit, so that the production cost of the microstrip line directional coupler is lower, and the microstrip line directional coupler is beneficial to large-scale production and wider in application field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication test instruments and meters, in particular to a microstrip line directional coupler, a radio frequency transceiver and a vector network analyzer.
Background
The vector network analyzer is used as a universal S parameter testing instrument, is widely applied to various scientific institutions, laboratories and production lines, and is used for S parameter measurement, such as various antenna tests, cavity filter tests, dielectric filter tests, circulator tests, coupler tests, splitter combiner tests and the like. The performance of the vector network analyzer is closely related to the directional coupler, so that the microstrip line directional coupler can be ensured to work normally, and the cost of the microstrip line directional coupler is controlled. The microstrip directional coupler can be connected with different circuit structures to realize multiple functions of transmitting, receiving and the like, and is indispensable in measuring instruments such as vector network analyzers and the like. Along with the development of wireless electronics, the radio frequency technology is continuously advanced towards the high frequency band, integration and intellectualization, and meanwhile, the function of a measuring instrument is required to be developed at any time, the rise of the working frequency band of the vector network analyzer also requires the internal coupler to be improved, the working bandwidth is improved, the insertion loss is reduced, and the isolation is improved. By optimizing the microstrip directional coupler, the indexes such as the background noise, the transmitter power precision, the transmitter amplitude precision and the like of the vector network analyzer can be improved. Most of the working frequency bands of the vector network analyzers in the current market are 9K-4.5GHz, 9K-8.5GHz, 9K-13.5GHz or 9K-26.5GHz, and the working frequency bands of the vector network analyzers are 9K-50GHz. Along with the rise of the working frequency band, the cost of the directional coupler is higher and the requirement on the microstrip directional coupler is higher, and the microstrip directional coupler is definitely not applicable to the 20GHz upward working frequency band due to the limitation of the microstrip line, the insertion loss of the microstrip directional coupler can be increased along with the increase and decrease of the working frequency band, and once the insertion loss is larger than 3dB, the microstrip directional coupler is not applicable to the vector network analyzer. The directional coupling of the high frequency band can be realized by adopting the waveguide mode, but the coupler of the mode has the defects of large size, high cost and difficult integration. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a microstrip directional coupler which can control its own size, can easily integrate a PCB circuit, can increase an operating bandwidth, and can reduce an insertion loss.
Disclosure of Invention
In a first aspect, an embodiment provides a microstrip directional coupler, including a radio frequency input end, a radio frequency output end, a coupling end, a ground end, a microstrip main line, a microstrip auxiliary line, and a microstrip line connection circuit;
The radio frequency input end and the radio frequency output end are in direct electrical connection through the microstrip main line, the radio frequency input end is used for inputting radio frequency signals, and the radio frequency output end is used for outputting radio frequency signals;
the coupling end and the grounding end are directly electrically connected through the microstrip auxiliary line, and the grounding end is used for grounding;
The microstrip line connection circuit comprises at least m resistor string units, each resistor string unit comprises n first resistors R0 which are connected in series, one end of each resistor string unit is electrically connected with the microstrip main line after being connected in series, and the other end of each resistor string unit is electrically connected with the microstrip auxiliary line after being connected in series; wherein m is an odd number greater than 1, and n is an integer greater than 1;
the micro-strip main line and the micro-strip auxiliary line are arranged on the same PCB circuit board in parallel, the resistor string units in the micro-strip line connecting circuit are arranged between the micro-strip main line and the micro-strip auxiliary line in an axisymmetric manner, and the symmetry axis of the micro-strip line connecting circuit is overlapped with the symmetry axes of the micro-strip main line and the micro-strip auxiliary line;
And on the PCB, the distance between any two resistor string units in the microstrip line connecting circuit is dynamically adjusted.
In an embodiment, the distance between the resistor string units at one side of the symmetry axis of the microstrip line connection circuit is set up in an increasing or decreasing manner.
In an embodiment, the microstrip line connection circuit includes five resistor string units, and each resistor string unit includes two first resistors R0.
In one embodiment, the microstrip line directional coupler further comprises a coupling connection circuit, for connecting between the coupling end and the microstrip sub-line;
The coupling connection circuit comprises a first capacitor C1, one end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with the coupling end, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with one end of the microstrip auxiliary line.
In one embodiment, the microstrip directional coupler further comprises a ground connection circuit, configured to be connected between the ground terminal and the microstrip sub-line;
The grounding connection circuit comprises a second capacitor C2, a second resistor R1 and a third resistor R2, wherein the first capacitor C1 is connected with the second resistor R1 and the third resistor R2 which are connected in parallel in series, one end of the first capacitor C1 after being connected in series is connected with the grounding end, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with one end of the microstrip auxiliary line.
In an embodiment, two ends of the microstrip auxiliary line arranged on the PCB are respectively provided with a corner of 90 degrees, and the two corners are symmetrical relative to the symmetry axis of the microstrip line connection circuit.
In one embodiment, the first resistor R0 is a resistor or a resistor powder.
In an embodiment, the microstrip directional coupler further includes a shielding metal shell, the PCB is disposed in the shielding metal shell, and the radio frequency input end, the radio frequency output end, the coupling end and the grounding end are disposed on the shielding metal shell.
In a second aspect, an embodiment provides a radio frequency transceiver, including the microstrip directional coupler according to the first aspect.
In a third aspect, an embodiment provides a vector network analyzer, including the microstrip line directional coupler according to the first aspect.
According to the microstrip line directional coupler of the embodiment, as the distance between the resistor string units can be dynamically adjusted, the microstrip line directional coupler has wider matching frequency band, smaller insertion loss, better port standing wave effect and higher coupling degree, and is easy to integrate on a PCB circuit, so that the production cost of the microstrip line directional coupler is lower, and the microstrip line directional coupler is beneficial to large-scale production and wider application field.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit connection diagram of a microstrip directional coupler in an embodiment;
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit connection diagram of a microstrip directional coupler according to another embodiment;
Fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of a PCB circuit board of a microstrip directional coupler in an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The application will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings by means of specific embodiments. Wherein like elements in different embodiments are numbered alike in association. In the following embodiments, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application. However, one skilled in the art will readily recognize that some of the features may be omitted, or replaced by other elements, materials, or methods in different situations. In some instances, related operations of the present application have not been shown or described in the specification in order to avoid obscuring the core portions of the present application, and may be unnecessary to persons skilled in the art from a detailed description of the related operations, which may be presented in the description and general knowledge of one skilled in the art.
Furthermore, the described features, operations, or characteristics of the description may be combined in any suitable manner in various embodiments. Also, various steps or acts in the method descriptions may be interchanged or modified in a manner apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. Thus, the various orders in the description and drawings are for clarity of description of only certain embodiments, and are not meant to be required orders unless otherwise indicated.
The numbering of the components itself, e.g. "first", "second", etc., is used herein merely to distinguish between the described objects and does not have any sequential or technical meaning. The term "coupled" as used herein includes both direct and indirect coupling (coupling), unless otherwise indicated.
In the prior art, the microstrip directional coupler is composed of an inductance loading parallel coupling line, a parallel capacitor, a parallel coupling line and four 50 ohm ports, and is connected across four sections of microstrip balance lines through the inductance, and two parallel resistors are added to realize a four-port network (see Chinese patent document with publication number of CN204596933U, an ultra-wideband coupler). The scheme has small volume, easy processing and simple structure, but the working frequency band is 10MHz-20GHz, is relatively narrow, can not be practically applied to the manufacturing of instruments, and the parameter values of the inductor and the capacitor are relatively unstable, so that the method is not beneficial to the production of enterprises. In the embodiment of the application, in order to improve the working bandwidth of a microstrip directional coupling circuit, reduce the manufacturing cost, facilitate the integration with a PCB and reduce the insertion loss, a microstrip directional coupler is provided, and a four-port network is formed by utilizing two sections of microstrip lines which are relatively arranged in parallel and a plurality of bridging resistor strings.
Embodiment one:
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic circuit connection diagram of a microstrip directional coupler in an embodiment is shown, and the microstrip directional coupler includes a radio frequency input end 1, a radio frequency output end 2, a coupling end 3, a grounding end 4, a microstrip main line 5, a microstrip auxiliary line 6, and a microstrip line connection circuit 7. The radio frequency input end 1 and the radio frequency output end 2 are directly and electrically connected through the microstrip main line 5, the radio frequency input end 1 is used for inputting radio frequency signals, and the radio frequency output end 2 is used for outputting radio frequency signals. The coupling end 3 and the grounding end 4 are directly and electrically connected through the microstrip auxiliary line 6, and the grounding end 4 is used for grounding. The microstrip line connection circuit 7 includes at least m resistor string units 70, each resistor string unit 70 includes n first resistors R0 connected in series, one end after the series is electrically connected with the microstrip main line 5, the other end after the series is electrically connected with the microstrip sub-line 6, where m is an odd number greater than 1, and n is an integer greater than 1. The microstrip main line 5 and the microstrip auxiliary line 6 are arranged on the same PCB in parallel, the resistor string unit 7 in the microstrip line connecting circuit is arranged between the microstrip main line 5 and the microstrip auxiliary line 6 in an axisymmetric manner, and the symmetry axis of the microstrip line connecting circuit 7 overlaps with the symmetry axes of the microstrip main line 5 and the microstrip auxiliary line 6. On the PCB circuit board, the distance between any two resistor string units 70 in the microstrip line connection circuit 7 can be dynamically adjusted. In one embodiment, the first resistor R0 is a resistor or a resistor powder.
Referring to fig. 2, a schematic circuit connection diagram of a microstrip directional coupler according to another embodiment is shown, in which the microstrip directional coupler includes five resistor string units, namely, a first resistor string unit 71, a second resistor string unit 72, a third resistor string unit 73, a fourth resistor string unit 74, and a fifth resistor string unit 75, each of which includes two first resistors R0. The microstrip line connection circuit 7 is provided with a first resistor string unit 71 and a fifth resistor string unit 75 symmetrically disposed on both sides, and a second resistor string unit 72 and a fourth resistor string unit 74 symmetrically disposed on both sides, respectively, with the third resistor string unit 73 as a center. In one embodiment, the distance between the resistor string units on the symmetry axis side of the microstrip line connection circuit 7 is sequentially increased or decreased, that is, the distance between the first resistor string unit 71 and the second resistor string unit 72 and the distance between the second resistor string unit 72 and the third resistor string unit 73 are sequentially increased or decreased.
In an embodiment, the first resistors R0 in the resistor string units are arranged horizontally or vertically, so as to reduce electromagnetic interference generated when the electronic devices inside the directional coupler work in a high-frequency region, and the distances between the resistors are uniformly distributed, so that parasitic parameters generated by welding can be effectively reduced.
In an embodiment, the microstrip line directional coupler further includes a coupling connection circuit 8, configured to be connected between the coupling end 3 and the microstrip auxiliary line 6, where the coupling connection circuit 8 includes a first capacitor C1, and one end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the coupling end 3, and the other end is connected to one end of the microstrip auxiliary line 6. The first capacitor C1 is used for blocking filtering.
In an embodiment, the microstrip line directional coupler further comprises a ground connection circuit 9 for connection between the ground terminal 4 and the microstrip sub-line 6. The grounding connection circuit 9 comprises a second capacitor C2, a second resistor R1 and a third resistor R2, wherein the first capacitor C1 is connected in series with the second resistor R1 and the third resistor R2 which are connected in parallel, one end of the series connection is connected with the grounding end 4, and the other end of the series connection is connected with one end of the microstrip auxiliary line 6. The second capacitor C2 is used for blocking filtering, and the second resistor R1 and the third resistor R2 connected in parallel are used for reducing parasitic effects of the resistor itself at high frequencies.
Referring to fig. 3, a schematic plan view of a PCB circuit board of a microstrip line directional coupler in an embodiment is shown, two ends of a microstrip sub-line 6 disposed on the PCB circuit board 100 are respectively provided with 90-degree corners, namely a first corner 61 and a second corner 62, which are symmetrical with respect to a symmetry axis of the microstrip line connection circuit. In one embodiment, the microstrip sub-lines of the first corner 61 and the second corner 62 are subjected to impedance variation processing for reducing transmission loss.
In an embodiment, the microstrip directional coupler further includes a PCB circuit board disposed in the shielding metal case, and the rf input terminal, the rf output terminal, the coupling terminal, and the ground terminal are disposed on the shielding metal case. In one embodiment, the PCB is a high-frequency microwave PCB, the shielding metal shell is made of Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy, and the shielding metal shell and the grounding end are grounded. In one embodiment, the PCB circuit board is hermetically arranged in a shielding cavity inside the shielding metal shell. In one embodiment, the rf input 1, rf output 2, coupling 3 and ground 4 are disposed on the connection ends of SMA connectors disposed on a shielded metal shell.
In one embodiment, the shielding metal shell of the microstrip directional coupler is a regular cuboid, and the overall dimension is 40mm by 23mm by 11mm. The microstrip directional coupler has small size, easy integration, simple circuit structure, easy manufacture and low cost. In one embodiment, the periphery of the microstrip line connection circuit on the PCB circuit board adopts a plurality of metal vias uniformly distributed, so as to shield electromagnetic leakage and interference of other circuits of the PCB circuit board. In an embodiment, the electrical lengths of the microstrip main line and the microstrip auxiliary line and the distance between the microstrip main line and the microstrip auxiliary line are precisely designed, so that the positions of the microstrip main line and the microstrip auxiliary line are kept symmetrical, and the electrical lengths are equal. The microstrip line directional coupler in the embodiment of the application is easy to integrate on a PCB circuit board, is beneficial to impedance matching with other circuit networks, reduces insertion loss, optimizes standing wave parameters and saves space.
The working bandwidth of the microstrip directional coupler disclosed in the embodiment of the application is 100KHz-26.5GHz; the coupling connection circuit is built only through the resistor string unit, the micro-assembly mode is used, the SMA connector inner core is built in the shielding cavity in the shielding metal shell, and the manufacturing cost is low, so that the mass production is facilitated.
In an embodiment of the application, a radio frequency transceiver is also disclosed, which comprises the microstrip directional coupler.
The application also discloses a vector network analyzer, which comprises the microstrip directional coupler.
The microstrip line directional coupler disclosed in the embodiment of the application comprises a microstrip main line, a microstrip auxiliary line and a microstrip line connecting circuit. The microstrip line connection circuit includes an odd number of resistor string units, each including at least two first resistors R0 connected in series. The microstrip main line and the microstrip auxiliary line are arranged on the same PCB in parallel, the resistor string units are connected between the microstrip main line and the microstrip auxiliary line, and the distance between any two resistor string units can be dynamically adjusted. The distance between the resistor string units can be dynamically adjusted, so that the microstrip line directional coupler has wider matching frequency band, smaller insertion loss, better port standing wave effect and higher coupling degree, and is easy to integrate on a PCB circuit, so that the production cost of the microstrip line directional coupler is lower, and the microstrip line directional coupler is beneficial to large-scale production and wider in application field.
The foregoing description of the application has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be limiting. Several simple deductions, modifications or substitutions may also be made by a person skilled in the art to which the application pertains, based on the idea of the application.
Claims (10)
1. The microstrip line directional coupler is characterized by comprising a radio frequency input end, a radio frequency output end, a coupling end, a grounding end, a microstrip main line, a microstrip auxiliary line and a microstrip line connecting circuit;
The radio frequency input end and the radio frequency output end are in direct electrical connection through the microstrip main line, the radio frequency input end is used for inputting radio frequency signals, and the radio frequency output end is used for outputting radio frequency signals;
the coupling end and the grounding end are directly electrically connected through the microstrip auxiliary line, and the grounding end is used for grounding;
The microstrip line connection circuit comprises at least m resistor string units, each resistor string unit comprises n first resistors R0 which are connected in series, one end of each resistor string unit is electrically connected with the microstrip main line after being connected in series, and the other end of each resistor string unit is electrically connected with the microstrip auxiliary line after being connected in series; wherein m is an odd number greater than 1, and n is an integer greater than 1;
the micro-strip main line and the micro-strip auxiliary line are arranged on the same PCB circuit board in parallel, the resistor string units in the micro-strip line connecting circuit are arranged between the micro-strip main line and the micro-strip auxiliary line in an axisymmetric manner, and the symmetry axis of the micro-strip line connecting circuit is overlapped with the symmetry axes of the micro-strip main line and the micro-strip auxiliary line;
And on the PCB, the distance between any two resistor string units in the microstrip line connecting circuit is dynamically adjusted.
2. The microstrip line directional coupler according to claim 1, wherein a distance between said resistor string units on one side of a symmetry axis of said microstrip line connection circuit is sequentially set up in increments or decrements.
3. The microstrip directional coupler according to claim 1, wherein said microstrip connection circuit comprises five of said resistor string units, each of said resistor string units comprising two of said first resistors R0.
4. The microstrip line directional coupler according to claim 1, further comprising a coupling connection circuit for connecting between said coupling terminal and said microstrip sub-line;
The coupling connection circuit comprises a first capacitor C1, one end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with the coupling end, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with one end of the microstrip auxiliary line.
5. The microstrip line directional coupler according to claim 4, further comprising a ground connection circuit for connection between said ground terminal and said microstrip sub-line;
The grounding connection circuit comprises a second capacitor C2, a second resistor R1 and a third resistor R2, wherein the first capacitor C1 is connected with the second resistor R1 and the third resistor R2 which are connected in parallel in series, one end of the first capacitor C1 after being connected in series is connected with the grounding end, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with one end of the microstrip auxiliary line.
6. The microstrip line directional coupler according to claim 1, wherein both ends of said microstrip sub-line provided on said PCB circuit board are respectively provided with corners of 90 degrees, and both said corners are symmetrical with respect to an axis of symmetry of said microstrip line connection circuit.
7. The microstrip directional coupler according to claim 1, wherein said first resistor R0 is a resistor or a resistive powder.
8. The microstrip directional coupler according to claim 1, further comprising a shielding metal shell, said PCB circuit board being disposed within said shielding metal shell, said radio frequency input terminal, said radio frequency output terminal, said coupling terminal and said ground terminal being disposed on said shielding metal shell.
9. A radio frequency transceiver comprising a microstrip directional coupler as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A vector network analyzer comprising a microstrip directional coupler according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322539735.9U CN220914541U (en) | 2023-09-19 | 2023-09-19 | Microstrip line directional coupler, radio frequency transceiver and vector network analyzer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202322539735.9U CN220914541U (en) | 2023-09-19 | 2023-09-19 | Microstrip line directional coupler, radio frequency transceiver and vector network analyzer |
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| CN220914541U true CN220914541U (en) | 2024-05-07 |
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| CN202322539735.9U Active CN220914541U (en) | 2023-09-19 | 2023-09-19 | Microstrip line directional coupler, radio frequency transceiver and vector network analyzer |
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