CN220913780U - Experimental device for simple harmonic motion - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an experimental device for simple harmonic motion, which solves the problem that the simple harmonic motion experimental device in the prior art cannot keep long-time simple harmonic motion due to energy attenuation.

Description

Experimental device for simple harmonic motion

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of physical teaching, and particularly relates to an experimental device for simple harmonic motion.

Background

The simple harmonic motion is a motion mode that the relation between the displacement of an object and time shows a sine function rule, the displacement generated by the motion of the object is transformed along the track of the sine function curve along with the time, and in the technical field of physical teaching, because the sine function is abstract, a specific experimental device is required to show the motion rule of the simple harmonic motion to students, and therefore, the experimental device for the simple harmonic motion is particularly important in physical teaching.

At present, in teaching, in order to clearly show simple harmonic motion of a sine function, an adopted experimental device is that a spring oscillator is matched with a guide rail for use, the guide rail is slidably provided with the spring oscillator, the spring oscillator is provided with a spring, the spring oscillator is pulled to stretch the spring, the spring oscillator moves on the guide rail after being released, and although the motion mode is simple harmonic motion, the friction force between the spring oscillator and the guide rail causes energy loss, and the spring oscillator tends to stop after energy attenuation. In order to solve the problem of energy loss, the Chinese patent No. CN203733378U discloses a simple harmonic motion demonstration instrument, the demonstration instrument adopts a simple pendulum motion mode for demonstrating simple harmonic motion, the demonstration instrument comprises a support, a simple pendulum, a base and an experiment plate, the simple pendulum is hung on the support through a hanging wire, the simple pendulum is of a conical structure, a point light source is arranged in a shearing mode, a roller is arranged on the base, the roller rotates at a constant speed through a motor, the experiment plate is arranged on the roller, the experiment plate can be driven to move at a constant speed due to the constant speed of the roller, light emitting diodes are arrayed on the experiment plate, the point light source irradiates the experiment plate when the simple pendulum swings, so that the light emitting diodes are lightened, and a clear curve track is displayed, and a vivid experiment image is generated. The demonstration instrument can vividly demonstrate simple harmonic motion through the swinging of the single pendulum, solves the problem that the spring vibrator in the prior art is attenuated due to the friction force to stop the motion, but the single pendulum adopted in the actual use swings, the single pendulum also has the friction force with air in the swinging process, the energy also has the attenuation condition, and finally the single pendulum still tends to be static.

Therefore, the experimental device in the prior art has the condition of energy loss when performing simple harmonic motion, and cannot stably generate the effect of the simple harmonic motion for a long time, so that the design of the experimental device capable of performing the simple harmonic motion for a long time is important in physical teaching.

Disclosure of utility model

This section is intended to outline some aspects of embodiments of the utility model and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section as well as in the description of the utility model and in the title of the utility model, which may not be used to limit the scope of the utility model.

In order to solve the problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme.

The utility model provides an experimental apparatus of simple harmonic motion, includes the workstation, and the surface of workstation is provided with the frame, rotates between frame and the workstation to be provided with the axis of rotation and be on a parallel with the direction subassembly of axis of rotation, fixedly connected with disc in the axis of rotation, and the disc is assembled in the axis of rotation with the state of slope, and sliding fit has displacement collector on the direction subassembly, contacts between displacement collector and the disc, and the disc rotates along with the axis of rotation and can order about the displacement collector to do up-and-down motion on the direction subassembly.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned experimental device, the displacement collector is in contact with the disc through a contact assembly, the contact assembly includes a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is assembled on the displacement collector, and the other end of the connecting rod is in contact with the disc.

Preferably, in the experimental device, the other end of the connecting rod is further rotatably connected with a roller, and the displacement collector is in contact with the disc through the mutual matching of the connecting rod and the roller.

Preferably, in the experimental device, the length of the connecting rod is adjustable, so as to adjust the contact position between the connecting rod and the disc.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned experimental device, the connecting rod includes rotation sleeve and threaded rod, and one end screw thread of the threaded rod of one side that is close to the displacement collector is screwed in rotation sleeve, and the other end rotates the assembly on the displacement collector, and threaded rod one end screw thread of one side that is close to the disc is screwed in rotation sleeve, and the other end and gyro wheel rotate to be connected.

Preferably, in the above experimental device, the displacement collector is further equipped with an elastic member, one end of the elastic member is assembled on the displacement collector, and the other end of the elastic member is connected with the workbench, and the elastic member can pull the displacement collector to move downwards along the guiding component.

Preferably, in the experimental device, the elastic member is one of a spring and a rubber belt.

Preferably, in the experimental device, the guide assembly is of a circular rod-shaped structure, and the displacement collector is sleeved on the guide assembly of the circular rod-shaped structure and can slide along the length direction of the guide assembly of the circular rod-shaped structure.

Preferably, in the experimental device, the guide assembly has a square structure, and the displacement collector is sleeved on the guide assembly with the square structure and can slide along the length direction of the guide assembly with the square structure.

Preferably, in the above experimental device, the surface of the guide assembly is provided with a sliding rail, the displacement collector is provided with a pulley, and the displacement collector is assembled on the guide assembly through the mutual matching of the pulley and the sliding rail.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

(1) The experimental device comprises a rotating shaft and a disc arranged on the rotating shaft in an inclined state, and further comprises a displacement collector, wherein the displacement collector is assembled on the guide assembly and is contacted with the disc through the contact assembly, when the disc rotates, the displacement collector can be driven to move along the length direction of the guide assembly and collect displacement, the relation between the displacement and time is the simple harmonic motion of a sine function, and the experimental device drives the disc to rotate through motor work, so that the problem that the simple harmonic motion stops due to energy attenuation in the prior art is solved.

(2) In the experimental device, the contact assembly of the displacement collector and the disc comprises the connecting rod and the idler wheels, the arrangement of the idler wheels ensures that the disc rotates to drive the displacement collector to move smoothly, the problem of inaccurate results caused by the fact that the displacement collector is blocked in moving is avoided, in addition, the length of the connecting rod in the contact assembly can be adjusted, the contact position of the displacement collector and the disc can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the connecting rod, and further the wave crest and the wave trough of a sine function in simple harmonic motion can be adjusted, so that the relation between displacement and time in the simple harmonic motion can be displayed more vividly.

(3) The experimental device drives the disc to rotate through the work of the motor to generate simple harmonic motion, the frequency of a sine function in the simple harmonic motion can be regulated through regulating the rotating speed of the motor, the function relation between the simple harmonic motion and time is displayed more vividly, and the experimental device is convenient to learn.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an experimental apparatus in the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the movement trace of the contact assembly on the surface of the disc when the experimental device of the utility model is in operation;

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a partial movement trace of the contact assembly when the disk rotates in the experimental apparatus of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a contact assembly according to the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of another preferred embodiment of the connecting rod of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the experimental setup of the present utility model for verification of simple harmonic motion.

The correspondence between the reference numerals and the component names in the drawings is as follows:

100. A work table; 101. a vertical support frame; 102. a transverse support; 103. a rotating shaft; 104. a disc; 105. a guide assembly;

200. A displacement collector; 201. a contact assembly; 202. an elastic member; 201a, connecting rods; 201b, a roller; 201a-1, rotating the sleeve; 201a-2, threaded rod.

Detailed Description

In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present utility model will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the utility model will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present utility model, but the present utility model may be practiced in other ways other than those described herein, and persons skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

Further, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic can be included in at least one implementation of the utility model. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. The present utility model provides the following examples.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, which are schematic structural diagrams of an experimental apparatus for simple harmonic motion in this embodiment, the experimental apparatus in this embodiment includes a workbench 100, a vertical support frame 101 is fixedly connected to the workbench 100, an end portion of the vertical support frame 101 is fixedly connected to a horizontal support frame 102, a frame structure with an opening on one side is formed between the vertical support frame 101 and the horizontal support frame 102 and the workbench 100, in this embodiment, a rotation shaft 103 is rotationally connected between the workbench 100 and the horizontal support frame 102, the rotation shaft 103 is driven by a motor, in this embodiment, a disc 104 is fixedly connected to the rotation shaft 103, it is worth noting that in this embodiment, the disc 104 is fixedly connected to the rotation shaft 103 in an inclined manner, when the rotation shaft 103 rotates, the disc 104 can be driven to rotate, in this embodiment, because the inclined arrangement is on the rotation shaft 103, a distance between a surface of the disc 104 and the workbench 100 changes in real time, in this embodiment, a guide assembly 105 is also fixedly connected between the workbench 100 and the horizontal support frame 102, in this embodiment, the guide assembly 105 is parallel to the rotation shaft 103, in this embodiment, a sliding assembly 105 is equipped with a displacement collector 200, and the displacement collector 200 is connected to the surface of the contact assembly 201.

In this embodiment, the disc 104 drives the contact assembly 201 to move up and down in the process of following the rotation of the rotation shaft 103, the contact assembly 201 drives the displacement collector 200 on the guide assembly 105 to move up and down in the guide assembly 105, the displacement collector 200 is used for collecting sliding displacement, and the motion relationship of a sine function curve can be obtained by judging the relationship between the displacement and time.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the disc 104 is fixed on the rotation shaft 103 in an inclined state, and the inclination angle between the disc 104 and the horizontal plane is preferably between 10 ° and 30 °, so as to ensure the effect of simple harmonic motion, and in this embodiment, the displacement collector 200 is further equipped with an elastic member 202, one end of the elastic member 202 is connected to the displacement collector 200, and the other end of the elastic member is assembled on the workbench 100, and in this embodiment, the elastic member 202 includes but is not limited to a spring, a rubber belt, and other structures, so long as the displacement collector 200 can be pulled to move along the length direction of the guide component 105, and the embodiment can be applied to the technical scheme of this embodiment, by setting the elastic member 202, when the disc 104 drives the displacement collector 200 to move, the force is applied to reduce the motion of the displacement collector 200 by pulling of the spring.

In addition, it should be noted that the guide assembly 105 in this embodiment may be a circular rod-shaped structure, the displacement collector 200 is sleeved on the circular rod-shaped structure and slides up and down, or the guide assembly 105 is a square structure, the surface of the guide assembly 105 with the square structure is further provided with a sliding rail, the displacement collector 200 is slidably assembled on the guide assembly 105 with the square structure through the cooperation of a pulley and the sliding rail, in any case, the sliding assembly is adopted between the displacement collector 200 and the guide assembly 105, and the sliding friction force between the displacement collector 200 and the guide assembly 105 is reduced.

It should be noted that, the displacement sensor 200 in the present embodiment is in contact with the disc 104 through the contact assembly 201, but the displacement sensor 200 in the present embodiment includes, but is not limited to, contact with the disc 104 through the contact assembly 201, as long as there is a contact point between the displacement sensor 200 and the disc 104 and a movement relationship that drives the displacement sensor 200 to move up and down vertically through rotation of the disc 104 can be used in the technical solution of the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, there is a contact point between the displacement sensor 200 and the disc 104, and when the disc 104 moves along an elliptical track on the disc 104 during rotation, because the disc 104 is obliquely arranged and rotates along the rotation axis 103, and when the contact point between the disc 104 and the displacement sensor 200 is at the highest point or the lowest point, the contact point is located at the major axis end point of the elliptical track.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 4, which is a schematic structural diagram of a contact assembly 201 in the present embodiment, in the experimental apparatus in the present embodiment, on the basis of embodiment 1, the contact assembly 201 includes a connecting rod 201a and a roller 201b rotatably disposed at an end of the connecting rod 201a, one end of the connecting rod 201a is fixedly connected with a displacement collector 200, the other end of the connecting rod 201a is rotatably connected with the roller 201b, the displacement collector 200 in the present embodiment contacts with a disc 104 through cooperation of the connecting rod 201a and the roller 201b, and the rotational cooperation between the disc 104 and the roller 201b when following rotation of a rotation shaft 103 avoids a problem that a clamping is generated in a process of rotating and driving the displacement collector 200 to move up and down by rotating the disc 104 due to excessive contact friction force between the displacement collector 200 and the roller 201 b.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 5, which is a schematic structural diagram of the connecting rod 201a in the present embodiment, unlike in embodiment 2, the connecting rod 201a in the experimental apparatus in the present embodiment is a mechanism with adjustable length, because the length of the connecting rod 201a in embodiment 2 is fixed, the distance between the displacement collector 200 and the disc 104 is fixed, so that the lengths of the peaks and the troughs of the generated simple harmonic motion are fixed, and in order to more conveniently exhibit the action relationship of the simple harmonic motion, the length of the connecting rod 201a in the present embodiment is adjustable, and the position of the contact point between the displacement collector 200 and the disc 104 can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the connecting rod 201a, thereby changing the sizes of the peaks and the troughs in the simple harmonic motion.

In this embodiment, the connecting rod 201a includes a rotating sleeve 201a-1 and a threaded rod 201a-2 with two assembled ends, in this embodiment, one end of the threaded rod 201a-2 near one side of the displacement collector 200 is screwed into the rotating sleeve 201a-1, the other end is rotationally connected with the displacement collector 200, the other end of the rotating sleeve 201a-1 is also screwed with the threaded rod 201a-2, and the end of the threaded rod 201a-2 is rotationally connected with the roller 201b, in this embodiment, by rotating the rotating sleeve 201a-1, the length of the connecting rod 201a can be adjusted, and then the position of the contact point between the displacement collector 200 and the disc 104 on the disc 104 can be adjusted, so that the size of the wave crest and the wave trough in the simple harmonic motion can be adjusted.

It should be noted that the connecting rod 201a in the present embodiment includes, but is not limited to, the above-mentioned matching structure between the rotating sleeve 201a-1 and the threaded rod 201a-2, and any structure capable of realizing the length adjustment can be used as the connecting rod 201a in the technical solution of the present embodiment.

In addition, in order to verify that the motion generated by the technical scheme in the utility model is simple harmonic motion, the following technical scheme is also provided in the utility model.

As shown in fig. 6, i is a horizontal plane, ii is a plane generated by the disc 104, ii is an included angle θ with i, where θ is between 0 and 90 °, and in the technical solution of the present utility model, the radius of the disc 104 is preferably between 10 and 30 °, the diameter MN of the disc is in the horizontal plane, a is a vertical rod passing through the center O of the disc and fixed to the disc, that is, the rotating shaft 103 in the present utility model, the distance between the vertical rod b and the rod a is d= Rcos θ, where the contact point Q between the vertical rod b and the disc 104 is the contact point between the displacement collector 200 and the disc 104 in the present utility model, and the lower end thereof is always in contact with the disc and can only move up and down. When the disk rotates with the rod a, the lower end of the rod b will leave an elliptical locus on the disk with a half major axis of 2R and a half minor axis of 2 d. In order to clearly show the motion trail of the contact point Q, a general elliptical motion trail is given in fig. 6, namely PBQD, PD is a short axis, OQ is a semi-long axis, PAD is a projection of the trail in a horizontal plane, when the rod B contacts with the P point of the disc, the disc rotates clockwise at an angular speed ω, the rod B moves to the point B, and the projection is the point a, so that the angle poa=α and the angle pob=β. In the technical scheme of the utility model, on the one hand, the problem that in the prior art, the simple harmonic motion is stopped due to energy attenuation is solved, on the other hand, the frequency of a sine function can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the angular velocity ω of the disc 104, and the amplitude of the sine function can be further adjusted by adjusting the position of the contact point, so that the amplitude of the sine function can be displayed as the harmonic motion.

The foregoing is a further elaboration of the present utility model in connection with the detailed description, and it is not intended that the utility model be limited to the specific embodiments shown, but rather that a number of simple deductions or substitutions be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the utility model, should be considered as falling within the scope of the utility model as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an experimental apparatus of simple harmonic motion, including workstation (100), the surface of workstation (100) is provided with the frame, rotate between frame and the workstation (100) and be provided with axis of rotation (103) and be on a parallel with direction subassembly (105) of axis of rotation (103), a serial communication port, fixedly connected with disc (104) on axis of rotation (103), disc (104) assemble on axis of rotation (103) with the state of slope, sliding fit has displacement collector (200) on direction subassembly (105), contact between displacement collector (200) and disc (104), disc (104) follow axis of rotation (103) and rotate can order about displacement collector (200) and do up-and-down motion on direction subassembly (105).

2. The experimental device for simple harmonic motion according to claim 1, wherein the displacement collector (200) is in contact with the disc (104) through a contact assembly (201), the contact assembly (201) comprises a connecting rod (201 a), one end of the connecting rod (201 a) is assembled on the displacement collector (200), and the other end of the connecting rod (201 a) is in contact with the disc (104).

3. The experimental device for simple harmonic motion according to claim 2, wherein the other end of the connecting rod (201 a) is further rotatably connected with a roller (201 b), and the displacement collector (200) is in contact with the disc (104) through the mutual cooperation of the connecting rod (201 a) and the roller (201 b).

4. A simple harmonic motion experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that the length of the connecting rod (201 a) is adjustable for adjusting the contact position between the connecting rod (201 a) and the disc (104).

5. The experimental device for simple harmonic motion according to claim 4, wherein the connecting rod (201 a) comprises a rotating sleeve (201 a-1) and a threaded rod (201 a-2), one end of the threaded rod (201 a-2) at one side close to the displacement collector (200) is screwed into the rotating sleeve (201 a-1), the other end is rotatably assembled on the displacement collector (200), one end of the threaded rod (201 a-2) at one side close to the disc (104) is screwed into the rotating sleeve (201 a-1), and the other end is rotatably connected with the roller (201 b).

6. The experimental device for simple harmonic motion according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the displacement collector (200) is further provided with an elastic member (202), one end of the elastic member (202) is assembled on the displacement collector (200), and the other end is connected with the workbench (100), and the elastic member (202) can pull the displacement collector (200) to move downwards along the guide assembly (105).

7. The experimental device for simple harmonic motion according to claim 6, wherein the elastic member (202) is one of a spring or a rubber band.

8. The experimental device for simple harmonic motion according to claim 1, wherein the guide assembly (105) is of a circular rod-shaped structure, and the displacement collector (200) is sleeved on the guide assembly (105) of the circular rod-shaped structure and can slide along the length direction of the guide assembly (105) of the circular rod-shaped structure.

9. The experimental device for simple harmonic motion according to claim 1, wherein the guide assembly (105) has a square structure, and the displacement collector (200) is sleeved on the guide assembly (105) having the square structure and can slide along the length direction of the guide assembly (105) having the square structure.

10. The experimental device for simple harmonic motion according to claim 9, wherein a sliding rail is arranged on the surface of the guide assembly (105), a pulley is arranged on the displacement collector (200), and the displacement collector (200) is arranged on the guide assembly (105) through the mutual matching of the pulley and the sliding rail.