CN220910435U

CN220910435U - Transmission and electric automobile

Info

Publication number: CN220910435U
Application number: CN202123152312.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 裴云飞
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-12-25
Filing date: 2021-12-08
Publication date: 2024-05-07
Anticipated expiration: 2031-12-08
Also published as: CN114151518A

Abstract

The utility model relates to automobile machinery and discloses a transmission, which comprises a box body, a power transmission device, a clutch device and a planetary gear mechanism, wherein the power transmission device, the clutch device and the planetary gear mechanism are arranged in the box body, the planetary gear mechanism comprises a sun gear, a planetary gear and a planetary gear shell, and a low-pressure oil cavity communicated with an oil inlet pipe and a high-pressure oil cavity communicated with an oil outlet pipe are respectively formed on two sides of a meshing area of the sun gear and the planetary gear and two sides of a meshing area of the planetary gear and the planetary gear shell. The utility model achieves good speed change effect through the combination of mechanical friction generated by the clutch and hydraulic damping generated by the high-pressure oil cavity and the low-pressure oil cavity, avoids abrasion of gear parts and ablation of the clutch, prolongs the service life of the transmission, has simple structure and can reduce the production cost. In addition, the utility model also relates to an electric automobile comprising the transmission.

Description

Transmission and electric automobile

Technical Field

The present utility model relates to automotive machinery, and in particular to a transmission. In addition, the utility model also relates to an electric automobile comprising the transmission.

Background

An automotive transmission is a set of transmission devices for coordinating the rotational speed of an engine with the actual running speed of the wheels for optimum performance of the engine. The transmission may produce different gear ratios between the engine and the wheels during the travel of the vehicle. The engine can be operated in its optimum power performance state by shifting gears.

At present, the two-speed transmission of the electric automobile on the market has the defects that the burning phenomenon is generated in the using process of the clutch due to the too large difference of the rotational speeds of two gears, so that the service life of the clutch is reduced, and therefore, the two-speed transmission is difficult to apply. The solution commonly used in the prior art is to increase the clutch volume and to provide a torque converter, but this leads to a substantial increase in manufacturing costs and product volume.

Therefore, a novel transmission capable of shifting in two gears needs to be designed to solve the technical problems.

Disclosure of utility model

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide the transmission, which can achieve good speed change effect through the combination of the mechanical friction of the clutch and the hydraulic damping effect of the planetary gear mechanism, prolongs the service life, has small volume and can reduce the production cost.

The utility model further aims to solve the technical problem of providing the electric automobile, and the transmission of the electric automobile can achieve good speed change effect through the combination of the mechanical friction of the clutch and the hydraulic damping effect of the planetary gear mechanism, so that the service life is prolonged, the size is small, and the production cost can be reduced.

In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides a transmission, which comprises a box body, a power transmission device, a clutch device and a planetary gear mechanism, wherein the power transmission device, the clutch device and the planetary gear mechanism are arranged in the box body, the planetary gear mechanism comprises a sun gear, a planetary gear carrier, a planetary gear and a planetary gear shell, the sun gear is meshed with the planetary gear to form a gear transmission mechanism, the planetary gear carrier comprises sealing plates and planetary gear shafts which are positioned on two sides of the planetary gear, the planetary gear is sleeved on the planetary gear shafts, the sealing plates are in rotary sealing connection with the planetary gear shell to form a sealing cavity, and the gear transmission mechanism is positioned in the sealing cavity; the power transmission device comprises a power input shaft and a power output shaft, the sun gear is sleeved at one end of the power input shaft, one end of the power output shaft is in transmission connection with the planetary gear through the planetary gear carrier, the planetary gear is in meshed connection with the planetary gear shell, a low-pressure oil cavity communicated with an oil inlet pipe is formed at one side, close to the power input shaft, of a meshed area of the planetary gear shell and the planetary gear, a high-pressure oil cavity communicated with an oil outlet pipe is formed at one side, close to the power output shaft, of the meshed area of the planetary gear and the sun gear, a low-pressure oil cavity communicated with the oil inlet pipe is formed at one side, close to the power output shaft, of the meshed area of the planetary gear and the sun gear, and a high-pressure oil cavity communicated with the oil outlet pipe is formed at one side, close to the power output shaft, of the planetary gear and the sun gear; the clutch device comprises a first clutch piece arranged on the inner wall of the box body, a second clutch piece arranged on the planetary gear shell and a third clutch piece arranged on the power input shaft, wherein the second clutch piece can be selectively engaged with the first clutch piece or the third clutch piece.

Preferably, the power take-off shaft and the planet carrier are integrally formed.

In particular, the oil outlet pipe is arranged in an integral molding formed by the power output shaft and the planet gear carrier.

More specifically, the one end that goes out the oil pipe and keep away from the high-pressure oil pocket is equipped with the shutoff piece that can switch on or stop the oil circuit.

Further, the blocking piece is a needle valve or a baffle plate.

Preferably, a pair of sealing oil rings are arranged between the power input shaft and the box body and between the power input shaft and the sealing plate.

Specifically, the oil inlet pipe extends along the power input shaft and the inside of the sealing plate.

More specifically, the power input shaft is provided with an oil delivery ring groove communicated with the oil inlet pipe, and the oil delivery ring groove is positioned between the two sealing oil rings.

Further, the tank body is provided with an oil conveying channel communicated with the oil conveying ring groove.

The utility model further discloses an electric automobile, which comprises the transmission according to any one of the technical schemes.

Through the technical scheme, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

The utility model provides a speed changer, which mainly comprises a box body, a power transmission device, a clutch device and a planetary gear mechanism, wherein the power transmission device, the clutch device and the planetary gear mechanism are arranged in the box body; the power transmission device mainly comprises a power input shaft and a power output shaft, a sun gear is sleeved at one end of the power input shaft, a planetary gear is in transmission connection with the power output shaft through a planetary gear carrier, a high-pressure oil cavity and a low-pressure oil cavity are respectively formed at two sides of a meshing area of a planetary gear shell and the planetary gear, a high-pressure oil cavity and a low-pressure oil cavity are respectively formed at two sides of a meshing area of the planetary gear and the sun gear, the low-pressure oil cavity is connected with an oil inlet pipe, and the high-pressure oil cavity is connected with an oil outlet pipe; the clutch device comprises a first clutch member arranged on the inner wall of the box body, a second clutch member arranged on the planetary gear shell and a third clutch member arranged on the power input shaft, wherein the second clutch member can be selectively engaged with the first clutch member or the third clutch member. The utility model mainly sets the cavity formed at the meshing position among the planetary gear, the sun gear and the planetary gear shell as an oil cavity, controls the hydraulic pressure therein, generates hydraulic damping to cooperate with a clutch to force the gear to reduce the rotation speed so as to reduce the rotation speed difference between the power input shaft and the power output shaft, and meets the requirement of gear shifting and speed changing. The utility model has simple structure, reduces the abrasion to the clutch device, the planetary gear, the sun gear and other parts by hydraulic damping generated by hydraulic pressure between the high-pressure oil cavity and the low-pressure oil cavity and clutch matching for speed change, can prolong the service life of the speed changer, has simple structure and low manufacturing cost, and reduces the production cost.

Additional features and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the utility model and together with the description serve to explain, without limitation, the utility model. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of one embodiment of a transmission of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view at A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the transmission of the present utility model;

Fig. 4 shows a specific embodiment of the design of the planetary gear carrier in the transmission according to the utility model.

Description of the reference numerals

1 Box 2 power input shaft

3 Power take-off 4 sun gear

5 Planet gear carrier 6 planet gear

7 Planetary gear shell 8 low-pressure oil cavity

9 High-pressure oil cavity 10 oil inlet pipe

11 Oil outlet pipe 12 plugging piece

13 First clutch 14 second clutch

15 Third clutch 16 sealing oil ring

17 Oil delivery channel 18 sealing plate

19 Oil delivery ring groove 20 planetary gear shaft

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the utility model is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration and explanation only, and the scope of the utility model is not limited to the following embodiments.

In the description of the present utility model, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "configured," "arranged," "coupled," "engaged," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and for example, the coupling may be direct, indirect, via an intermediary, fixed, removable, or integral; either directly or indirectly via intermediate connectors, or by communication between or interaction between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implying a number of such features, such that the features defining "first," "second," "third," or the like, may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.

In the present utility model, unless otherwise indicated, the use of orientation terms such as "two sides" are defined with respect to both sides of the corresponding components, and "opposite" is defined with respect to the direction of use of the gear transmission, particularly in the drawings provided in the present utility model, the orientation or positional relationship used is based on that shown in the drawings, and is contacted only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the utility model; the directional terms of the present utility model should be construed in connection with its actual installation state.

Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the present utility model provides a transmission mainly including a case 1, and a power transmission device, a clutch device and a planetary gear mechanism disposed inside the case 1, wherein the power transmission device includes a power input shaft 2 and a power output shaft 3, the clutch device includes a first clutch member 13, a second clutch member 14 and a third clutch member 15, and the planetary gear mechanism includes a sun gear 4, a planetary gear 6, a planetary carrier 5 and a planetary gear housing 7. In the utility model, a sun gear 4 and a planet gear 6 are in meshed connection to form a gear transmission mechanism, a planet gear carrier 5 mainly comprises a sealing plate 18 and a planet gear shaft 20, the planet gear 6 is sleeved on the planet gear shaft 20, the sealing plate 18 is arranged on two sides of the planet gear 6 and is connected with the planet gear shaft 20, the sealing plate 18 is in rotatable sealing connection with a planet gear shell 7, thus, the planet gear shell 7 and the sealing plate 18 on two sides of the planet gear 6 form a sealing cavity, the gear transmission mechanism formed by the planet gear 6 and the sun gear 4 is arranged in the sealing cavity, and the planet gear shell 7 is in meshed connection with the planet gear 6; in the utility model, a sun gear 4 is sleeved at one end of a power input shaft 2, and a planetary gear 6 is in transmission connection with a power output shaft 3 through a planetary gear carrier 5; in the utility model, because the planetary gear housing 7 is in meshed connection with the planetary gear 6, the planetary gear 6 is in meshed connection with the sun gear 4, and the planetary gear 6 and the sun gear 4 are installed in a sealed cavity formed by the planetary gear carrier 5, the sealing plate 18 and the planetary gear housing 7, a low-pressure oil cavity 8 and a high-pressure oil cavity 9 are respectively formed on two sides of a meshed area between the planetary gear 6 and the sun gear 4, wherein the low-pressure oil cavity 8 is communicated with an oil inlet pipe 10, the high-pressure oil cavity 9 is communicated with an oil outlet pipe 11, and the oil inlet pipe 10 is arranged on one side close to the power input shaft 2, and the oil outlet pipe 11 is arranged on one side close to the power output shaft 3; the first clutch member 13 in the present utility model is mounted on the inner wall of the housing 1, the second clutch member 14 is mounted on the planetary gear housing 7, and the third clutch member 15 is mounted on the power input shaft 2.

The number of the planetary gears 6 in the present utility model may be one, two or more according to actual needs, and the provision of two planetary gears 6 in fig. 2 is only one embodiment of the present utility model.

It should be noted that, in the present utility model, as shown in fig. 1, a plurality of clutch members are provided, and one first clutch member 13, one second clutch member 14 and one third clutch member 15 are provided as a group, and two groups are used in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, and the power input shaft 2 is symmetrically provided as an axis of symmetry, which is, of course, only one embodiment of the present utility model, and one or more groups may be provided, and the main purpose of the present utility model is to transmit or cut off power output to the rotating sun gear 4, the planetary gear 6 and the power input shaft 2.

In addition, the sealing cavity can be formed in other forms besides the above technical scheme, as shown in fig. 2, the planetary gear shell 7 can be directly used for rotatably sealing the internal gear transmission structure, the sealing plate 18 is omitted, the structure is simplified, and in order to achieve the sealing effect, the clearance fit between all working elements needs to achieve a certain precision requirement.

It should be noted that, in order to ensure that the hydraulic damping generated by the oil chamber is sufficient to force the planetary gear 6 to decelerate rather than rotate, and then complete the gear adjustment, as shown in fig. 2, in order to reduce the size of the meshing area as much as possible, for the position in the sealed chamber where the gear transmission mechanism is not installed, the unnecessary part in the sealed chamber may be plugged by arranging a protruding structure on the planet carrier 5.

The transmission provided by the utility model has simple structure, takes the meshing area of the planet gears 6 and the sun gears 4 and the meshing area of the planet gears 6 and the planet gear shells 7 as oil cavities, absorbs oil in the oil inlet pipe 10 by utilizing pumping effect generated during rotation of the gears, and inputs the oil into the high-pressure oil cavity 9 from the low-pressure oil cavity 8 through rotation of the gears, so as to generate oil pressure difference, the oil pressure difference can generate damping force on rotation of the planet gears to force the gears to decelerate until the gears do not rotate any more, and the utility model utilizes the coaction of the high-pressure oil cavity and the low-pressure oil cavity to decelerate the high-speed rotating planet gears, completes the change that the sun gears 4 drive the planet gears 6 to do circular motion around the central axis of the planet gears 4 to drive the planet gear shells 7 to rotate through cooperation between the clutch members, thereby completing gear shifting, the oil in the oil cavity also provides a certain lubrication effect for the gears, thereby avoiding huge abrasion among the gears during the speed change, and prolonging the service life of the transmission.

Referring to fig. 4, in order to simplify the structure of the present utility model and make the structure of the present utility model more stable, the power output shaft 3 and the planet carrier 5 in the present utility model may be an integral part.

It should be understood that, in the above technical solution, the power output shaft 3 and the planet carrier may be integrally formed, that is, the planet carrier 5 formed by the sealing plates 18 located at two sides of the planet gear 6 and the planet gear shaft 20 is integrally formed with the power output shaft 3, that is, simply, the power output shaft 3 is firstly integrally formed with the sealing plate 18 near one side thereof, then the planet gear shaft 20 is welded on the sealing plate 18, after the planet gear 6 is sleeved on the planet gear shaft 20, the sealing plate 18 of the other layer is connected with the planet gear shaft 20, and during the installation, it should be noted that the sealing plate 18 at two sides of the planet gear 6 and two sides of the planet gear 6 avoid occurrence of gaps as far as possible, specifically, the working surface of the sealing plate 18 facing the planet gear 6 is attached to the working surface of the sealing plate 18 facing the planet gear 6.

Furthermore, the present utility model has been specifically described with respect to the arrangement of the oil outlet pipe, and as shown in fig. 1, the oil outlet pipe 11 may be arranged in an integral piece formed by the power take-off shaft 3 and the carrier 5. Specifically, a through hole penetrating through the power output shaft 3 is formed in the shaft center of the power output shaft 3, a pipeline communicated with the through hole in the power output shaft 3 is formed in a planetary gear space 5, and an opening of the pipeline is communicated with the high-pressure oil cavity 9.

It should be noted that the above arrangement scheme of the oil outlet pipe 11 is only one specific embodiment of the present utility model, in the present utility model, the arrangement of the oil outlet pipe 11 may be other forms, as shown in fig. 3, the power output shaft 3 and the planetary gear carrier 5 may be an integral part or may be separately arranged, for the arrangement of the oil outlet pipe 11, a through hole may be formed at a central axis of the power output shaft 3, but the through hole does not penetrate the power output shaft 3, a through hole at one end far away from the planetary gear carrier 5 is communicated with the outside, another end is communicated with an annular groove formed on the power output shaft 3, a channel is formed between the planetary gear shells 7, a through hole communicating with the high-pressure oil cavity 9 is formed on the planetary gear carrier 5, one end of the channel on the planetary gear shell 7 is communicated with the annular groove, another end of the channel communicates with the through hole on the planetary gear carrier 5, because the sun gear 4 drives the planetary gear 6 and the planetary gear carrier 7 to rotate, and the annular groove has a certain pumping force during rotation, so that the oil in the oil outlet pipe 11 flows out along the channel, in order to avoid a large number of oil leakage problems, and the like, and the precise fit mode can be reduced.

As a specific embodiment of the present utility model, a blocking member 12 capable of conducting and blocking the oil passage of the oil outlet pipe 11 is provided at an end of the oil outlet pipe 11 remote from the high-pressure oil chamber 9. When the transmission of the present utility model needs to use the hydraulic damping and the clutch device to jointly act to complete gear shifting, the first clutch piece 13 and the second clutch piece 14 are separated first, the blocking piece 12 is closed, the oil outlet pipe 11 is blocked, so that the oil in the high-pressure oil cavity 9 cannot flow out, the oil pressure in the high-pressure oil cavity 9 is increased, the hydraulic damping is generated to force the rotating planetary gear 6 to gradually slow down until the rotation is stopped, the rotation speed difference between the power input shaft 2 and the power output shaft 3 is reduced, the second clutch piece 14 and the third clutch piece 15 are in an engaged state, the sun gear 4 and the planetary gear housing 7 can be rigidly linked, power can be directly transmitted into the power output shaft 3 from the power input shaft 2 without the action of a gear transmission mechanism, namely, the power input shaft 2 controls the sun gear 4 to directly drive the planetary gear housing 7 to rotate, and the power output shaft 3 is further driven to rotate. When the transmission needs to be downshifted, the second clutch piece 14 and the third clutch piece 15 are separated, the first clutch piece 13 and the second clutch piece 14 are connected, the blocking piece 12 is opened, the oil way is smooth, the pressure in the high-pressure oil cavity 9 is reduced, the planetary gear shell 7 stops rotating due to friction force between the first clutch piece 14 and the third clutch piece 15, the planetary gear resumes rotating, the sun gear 4 drives the planetary gear to do circular motion around the central shaft of the sun gear 4, the rotating speed of the power input shaft 2 is higher than the rotating speed of the power output shaft 3, and the downshifting is completed.

Specifically, the blocking member 12 in the present utility model may be a needle valve or a partition plate, and it should be noted that, besides the needle valve and the partition plate may be used as the blocking member 12, other forms of working elements may be selected as the blocking member 12, so long as the purpose of being able to conduct and shut off the oil outlet pipe 11 is satisfied. Further, electromagnetic control may be used for the control of the occluding component 12, or mechanical control may be used alternatively.

In the present utility model, the arrangement of the oil feed pipe 10 and how to prevent or reduce oil leakage are also described. Referring to fig. 1, a seal oil ring 16 is provided between the power input shaft 2 and the case 1 and between the power input shaft 2 and the sealing plate 18, and the seal oil ring 16 seals gaps between the power input shaft 2 and the case 1 and between the power input shaft 2 and the sealing plate 18. Specifically, the oil inlet pipe 10 may extend along the power input shaft 2 and the inside of the sealing plate 18, the power input shaft 2 is provided with an oil delivery ring groove 19, the oil delivery ring groove 19 is arranged between the two sealing oil rings 16, and the tank 1 is provided with an oil delivery channel 17 communicated with the oil delivery ring groove 19. Oil enters through the oil delivery channel 17, and pumping effect is generated in the process of driving the planetary gears 6 to rotate by the sun gear 4, so that the oil can be sucked into the oil delivery ring groove 19 on the power input shaft 2 and then enter the low-pressure oil cavity 8 through the oil inlet pipe 10.

There are various ways to arrange the oil inlet pipe 10, and the oil inlet pipe 10 may be an integral pipe, or may be an oil duct formed by combining oil ducts arranged on other working elements. For example, as a first specific embodiment of the oil inlet pipe 10 in the present utility model, referring to fig. 1, an oil delivery ring groove 19 capable of taking oil is provided at a position of the power input shaft 2 close to the oil delivery channel 17 on the case 1, then an oil delivery ring groove 19 capable of taking oil is provided at a position close to the sun gear 4, an internal oil passage is provided at a central axis of the power input shaft 2, both ends of the oil passage are respectively communicated with the oil delivery ring groove 19 capable of taking oil and the oil delivery ring groove 19 capable of taking oil, and the oil inlet pipe 10 is provided at a sealing plate 18, both ends of which are respectively communicated with the oil delivery ring groove 19 capable of taking oil and the low pressure oil chamber 8; as a second embodiment of the oil inlet pipe 10 in the present utility model, referring to fig. 3, an oil passage is provided inside the power input shaft 2, and an oil passage communicating with the oil passage on the power input shaft 2 is provided on the planetary gear housing 7 to constitute the oil inlet pipe 10; as a third embodiment of the oil inlet pipe 10 in the present utility model, an integral oil inlet pipe 10 may be directly provided, and the oil inlet pipe 10 does not move along with the power input shaft 2 or other working elements, and directly transfers oil to the low-pressure oil chamber 8.

In the first embodiment of the oil inlet pipe 10 according to the present utility model, the oil delivery ring groove 19 for delivering oil provided at the end of the power input shaft 2 near the sun gear 4 may be selectively provided with the sealing oil rings 16 on both sides thereof to prevent oil leakage, or may be provided with a clearance fit, so that the leakage phenomenon may be reduced under the setting of a certain clearance precision, and a small amount of leakage may not affect the gear shifting and shifting effects of the transmission according to the present utility model. In addition, for the second embodiment of the oil inlet pipe 10 in the utility model, a part of the passage of the oil inlet pipe 10 is directly arranged on the planetary gear housing 7, in the embodiment, the sealing plate 18 is not arranged, and the planetary gear housing 7 is directly used for sealing the gear transmission mechanism to form a sealing cavity, so that the main purpose of the design is to simplify the structure and reduce the production cost.

The transmission of the present utility model has been described above by way of specific embodiments, it will be understood that the structural main body and dimensions of the transmission of the present utility model are not limited to the specific structural forms described in the above embodiments, but may be other structural forms, as long as the clutch device cooperates with the high-low pressure oil chamber to make the transmission of the present utility model have the advantages of simple structure, easy operation, and hydraulic damping generated by the high-low pressure oil chamber cooperates with the clutch device, thereby reducing abrasion to gears and burning phenomenon to the clutch device, prolonging the service life of the transmission, improving gear shifting and speed changing efficiency, and reducing production cost while having the purpose of good installation reliability.

The utility model also provides an electric automobile, which comprises the transmission provided by the technical scheme, and the transmission of the electric automobile is simple in structure, meanwhile, the abrasion of internal elements of the transmission can be reduced in a mode of jointly matching hydraulic damping and mechanical friction, the service life of the transmission is prolonged, the gear shifting and speed changing efficiency is improved, and the overall cost of the electric automobile is reduced.

In order to better understand the technical scheme and the working principle of the present utility model, the following description of the technical scheme of the present utility model will be given with reference to some specific embodiments which are relatively comprehensive.

Referring to fig. 2 to 3, as a first embodiment of the present utility model, a case 1, and a power transmission device, a clutch device, and a planetary gear mechanism provided in the case 1 are mainly included. Wherein the power transmission device comprises a power input shaft 2 and a power output shaft 3; the clutch device comprises a first clutch member 13, a second clutch member 14 and a third clutch member 15; the planetary gear mechanism includes a sun gear 4, a carrier 5, a planet gear 6, a carrier 5, and a planet gear housing 7. In the present embodiment one sun gear 4, two planet gears 6 and two sets of clutch means are applied. The sun gear 4 is sleeved at one end of the power input shaft 2, two planetary gears 6 are respectively arranged on the planetary gear carrier 5 through corresponding planetary gear shafts 20, the planetary gears 6 are in transmission connection with the power output shaft 3 through the planetary gear carrier 5, in the embodiment, the planetary gear carrier 5 and the power output shaft 3 are integrally formed, the two planetary gears 6 are respectively arranged at the outer sides of the sun gear 4 and are in meshed connection with the sun gear 4, planetary gear shells 7 are arranged at the peripheries of the two planetary gears 6, the planetary gear shells 7 are in meshed connection with the planetary gears 6, as shown in figure 3, the planetary gear shells 7 are arranged at the periphery of a gear transmission mechanism formed by the planetary gears 6 and the sun gear 4 to form a sealing cavity, the gear transmission mechanism is positioned in the sealing cavity, a low-pressure oil cavity 8 and a high-pressure oil cavity 9 are respectively formed at two sides of a meshed area of the planetary gears 6 and the sun gear 4, the two sides of the meshing area of the planetary gear 6 and the planetary gear shell 7 are respectively provided with a low-pressure oil cavity 8 and a high-pressure oil cavity 9, the low-pressure oil cavities 8 are arranged on one side close to the power input shaft 2, the high-pressure oil cavities 9 are arranged on one side close to the power output shaft 3, in order to reduce the range of the meshing area, as shown in figure 2, a convex structure is further arranged on the planetary gear carrier 5 to fill the redundant meshing area in the sealing cavity so as to reduce the meshing area, an oil duct is arranged in the power input shaft 2, an oil duct is arranged in one side of the planetary gear shell 7 close to the power input shaft 2, the oil ducts of the two oil ducts are communicated to form an oil inlet pipe 10, the planetary gear shell 7 and the power input shaft 2 are in clearance fit to reduce oil leakage, the oil inlet pipe 10 is communicated with the low-pressure oil cavity 8; the inside of the power output shaft 3 is provided with an oil duct, one end of the planetary gear shell 7, which is close to the power output shaft 3, is provided with an oil duct communicated with the oil duct inside the power output shaft 3, the oil ducts of the planetary gear shell 7 and the power output shaft form an oil outlet pipe 11, the planetary gear shell 7 and the power output shaft 3 are also in clearance fit, and the oil outlet pipe 11 is communicated with the high-pressure oil cavity 9. An oil outlet of the oil outlet pipe 11 is provided with a blocking piece 12 which can conduct or stop the oil outlet pipe 11. With regard to the arrangement of the clutch devices, a first clutch member 13 is provided on the inner wall of the case 1, a second clutch member 14 is provided on the working surface of the planetary gear housing 7 facing the first clutch member 13, a third clutch member 15 is provided on the power input shaft 2, and the second clutch member 14 can be selectively engaged with the first clutch member 13 or the third clutch member 15, and two sets of clutch devices are provided with the center axis of the power input shaft 2 as a symmetry axis.

The working principle of this embodiment is: when the transmission is in a first gear, the first clutch piece 13 is engaged with the second clutch piece 14, the blocking piece 12 of the oil outlet pipe 11 is in an open state, an oil way in the transmission is in an unblocked state, the first clutch piece 1 and the second clutch piece 14 are in an engaged state, and interact and generate friction force so as to prevent the planetary gear shell 7 from rotating, the planetary gear 6 follows the rotation of the sun gear 4, the central shaft of the sun gear 4 moves circularly, and then the planetary gear carrier 5 drives the power output shaft 3 to rotate, at the moment, the rotation speed of the power output shaft 3 is smaller than that of the power input shaft 2, and the effect of one-gear speed change is achieved; when the transmission is in second gear, the first clutch piece 13 is separated from the second clutch piece 14, because the first clutch piece 13 is separated from the second clutch piece 14, the planetary gear shell 7 can rotate, the blocking piece 12 closes the oil outlet of the oil outlet pipe 11, at the moment, the oil inlet pipe 10 still feeds oil into the low-pressure oil cavity 8, the oil in the high-pressure oil cavity 9 is continuously increased and cannot be discharged, hydraulic damping is generated by increasing the hydraulic pressure in the high-pressure oil cavity 9, the planetary gear 6 is prevented from rotating, because the planetary gear 6 is in meshed connection with the planetary gear shell 7 and the sun gear 4, the planetary gear shell 7 gradually reduces the rotation speed difference through the planetary gear 6 rotating in a decelerating way and the sun gear 4 when the planetary gear 6 is stopped under the influence of the hydraulic damping, the second clutch piece 14 is engaged with the third clutch piece 15, at the moment, the rotating sun gear 4 directly drives the planetary gear shell 7 to rotate, namely the power input shaft 2 directly drives the power input shaft 3 to rotate, at the moment, the rotation speed of the power input shaft 2 is consistent with the rotation speed of the power input shaft 3, and the speed of the power input shaft 3 is completely. After the shift is completed the closure member 12 is opened in preparation for the next working cycle. The utility model has simple structure, because the hydraulic damping is matched with the mechanical friction together, the friction energy generated by the second clutch element 14 and the third clutch element 15 can be reasonably distributed, the oil liquid has a certain lubricating effect, the abrasion between gears can be reduced, the service life of the clutch element and the gears is prolonged, and the gear shifting efficiency of the transmission is improved, so that other auxiliary devices can be avoided from being additionally arranged during the use to achieve the speed changing effect, and the production cost is reduced.

Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the present utility model will be described as a second embodiment of the present utility model, which is also a preferred embodiment: in the preferred embodiment, the transmission basically comprises a housing 1 and a power transmission device, a clutch device and a planetary gear mechanism arranged inside the housing 1. Wherein the power transmission device comprises a power input shaft 2 and a power output shaft 3; the clutch device comprises a first clutch member 13, a second clutch member 14 and a third clutch member 15; the planetary gear mechanism includes a sun gear 4, a carrier 5, a planet gear 6, and a carrier 7. In the present preferred embodiment, one sun gear 4, two planet gears 6 and two sets of clutching means are employed. The sun gear 4 is meshed with the planet gears 6 to form a gear transmission mechanism, the planet gear carrier 5 comprises sealing plates 18 and planet gear shafts 20 which are positioned at two sides of the planet gears 6, the planet gears 6 are sleeved on the planet gear shafts 20, the sealing plates 18 at two sides of the planet gears 6 are rotatably connected with the planet gear shells 7 in a sealing way, a sealing cavity is formed in the interior of the sealing cavity, the gear transmission mechanism is arranged in the sealing cavity, and the planet gear shells 7 are meshed with the planet gears 6; the power transmission device comprises a power input shaft 2 and a power output shaft 3, a sun gear 4 is sleeved at one end of the power input shaft 2, a planetary gear 6 is in transmission connection with the power output shaft 3 through a planetary gear carrier 5, and the power output shaft 3 and the planetary gear carrier 5 are integrally formed. The low-pressure oil chamber 8 and the high-pressure oil chamber 9 are respectively formed on two sides of the meshing area of the planet gear 6 and the sun gear 4, the low-pressure oil chamber 8 and the high-pressure oil chamber 9 are respectively formed on two sides of the meshing area of the planet gear 6 and the planet gear shell 7, the low-pressure oil chamber 8 is arranged on one side close to the power input shaft 2, the high-pressure oil chamber 9 is arranged on one side close to the power output shaft 3, and in order to reduce the range of the meshing area, a protruding structure is further arranged on the sealing plate 18, and redundant meshing areas in the sealing cavity are filled so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the meshing area. The power input shaft 2 is internally provided with oil ducts, two ends of each oil duct are respectively communicated with an oil delivery ring groove 19 arranged on the power input shaft 2, an oil delivery channel 17 communicated with the oil delivery ring groove 19 at one end, far away from the sun gear 4, of the power input shaft 2 is arranged on the box body 1, a pair of sealing oil rings 16 are respectively arranged between the box body 1 and the power input shaft 2 and between the sealing plate 18 and the power input shaft 2, the two sealing oil rings are respectively positioned at two sides of the oil delivery ring groove 19 arranged on the power input shaft 2, the sealing plate 18 is provided with oil ducts, two ends of each oil duct are respectively communicated with the low-pressure oil cavity 8 and the oil delivery ring groove 19 at one end, close to the sun gear 4, of the power input shaft 2, the oil ducts form an oil inlet pipe 10, and the sealing plate 18 and the power input shaft 2 are in clearance fit; an oil outlet pipe 11 is arranged in an integrated part formed by the power input shaft 3 and the planet gear carrier 5, an oil outlet of the oil outlet pipe 11 is provided with a blocking piece 12, preferably, the blocking piece 12 is an electromagnetic needle valve, and an oil inlet is communicated with a high-pressure oil cavity. With regard to the arrangement of the clutch devices, a first clutch member 13 is provided on the inner wall of the case 1, a second clutch member 14 is provided on the working surface of the planetary gear housing 7 facing the first clutch member 13, a third clutch member 15 is provided on the power input shaft 2, and the second clutch member 14 can be selectively engaged with the first clutch member 13 or the third clutch member 15, and two sets of clutch devices are provided with the center axis of the power input shaft 2 as a symmetry axis.

The working principle of the optimal embodiment is as follows: when the transmission is in a first gear, the first clutch piece 13 is engaged with the second clutch piece 14, the blocking piece 12 of the oil outlet pipe 11 is in an open state, an oil way in the transmission is in an unblocked state, the first clutch piece 1 and the second clutch piece 14 are in an engaged state, and interact and generate friction force so as to prevent the planetary gear shell 7 from rotating, the planetary gear 6 follows the rotation of the sun gear 4, the central shaft of the sun gear 4 moves circularly, and then the planetary gear carrier 5 drives the power output shaft 3 to rotate, at the moment, the rotation speed of the power output shaft 3 is smaller than that of the power input shaft 2, and the effect of one-gear speed change is achieved; when the transmission is in second gear, the first clutch piece 13 is separated from the second clutch piece 14, because the first clutch piece 13 is separated from the second clutch piece 14, the planetary gear shell 7 can rotate, the blocking piece 12 closes the oil outlet of the oil outlet pipe 11, at the moment, the oil inlet pipe 10 still feeds oil into the low-pressure oil cavity 8, the oil in the high-pressure oil cavity 9 is continuously increased and cannot be discharged, hydraulic damping is generated by increasing the hydraulic pressure in the high-pressure oil cavity 9, the planetary gear 6 is prevented from rotating, because the planetary gear 6 is in meshed connection with the planetary gear shell 7 and the sun gear 4, the planetary gear shell 7 gradually reduces the rotation speed difference through the planetary gear 6 rotating in a decelerating way and the sun gear 4 when the planetary gear 6 is stopped under the influence of the hydraulic damping, the second clutch piece 14 is engaged with the third clutch piece 15, at the moment, the rotating sun gear 4 directly drives the planetary gear shell 7 to rotate, namely the power input shaft 2 directly drives the power input shaft 3 to rotate, at the moment, the rotation speed of the power input shaft 2 is consistent with the rotation speed of the power input shaft 3, and the speed of the power input shaft 3 is completely. After the shift is completed the closure member 12 is opened in preparation for the next working cycle. The sealing plate 18 has better sealing effect on the meshing areas between the planetary gears 6, the planetary gear shell 7 and the sun gear 4, and the oil conveying ring groove 19 is arranged on the power input shaft 2, and the sealing oil ring 16 is arranged for the oil conveying ring groove 19, so that the leakage of oil is reduced.

The utility model has simple structure and can reduce the production cost, and most importantly, in the utility model, the hydraulic damping generated by high and low pressure oil cavities respectively formed at two sides of a meshing area between the planetary gear 6, the sun gear 4 and the planetary gear shell 7 is matched with mechanical friction generated by the matching of a plurality of clutch pieces in the clutch device, the hydraulic damping is matched with the mechanical friction, so that the rotating speed mechanical energy difference between the power input shaft 2 and the power output shaft 3 is shared together, the burning phenomenon of the clutch device caused by abrupt speed change and the abrasion to each working element are avoided, the service life of each working element is prolonged, and the service life of the transmission provided by the utility model is prolonged.

In the description of the present utility model, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "a particular implementation," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present utility model. In the present utility model, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The preferred embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present utility model is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present utility model within the scope of the technical concept of the present utility model, and all the simple modifications belong to the protection scope of the present utility model.

In addition, the specific features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. The various possible combinations of the utility model are not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.

Moreover, any combination of the various embodiments of the utility model can be made without departing from the spirit of the utility model, which should also be considered as disclosed herein.

Claims

1. The transmission is characterized by comprising a box body (1), a power transmission device, a clutch device and a planetary gear mechanism, wherein the power transmission device, the clutch device and the planetary gear mechanism are arranged in the box body (1), the planetary gear mechanism comprises a sun gear (4), a planetary gear carrier (5), a planetary gear (6) and a planetary gear shell (7), the sun gear (4) is meshed with the planetary gear (6) to form a gear transmission mechanism, the planetary gear carrier (5) comprises sealing plates (18) and planetary gear shafts (20) which are positioned on two sides of the planetary gear (6), the planetary gear (6) is sleeved on the planetary gear shafts (20), the sealing plates (18) are in rotary sealing connection with the planetary gear shell (7) to form a sealing cavity, and the gear transmission mechanism is positioned in the sealing cavity; the power transmission device comprises a power input shaft (2) and a power output shaft (3), wherein the sun gear (4) is sleeved at one end of the power input shaft (2), one end of the power output shaft (3) is in transmission connection with the planet gear (6) through the planet gear carrier (5), the planet gear (6) is in meshed connection with the planet gear shell (7), a low-pressure oil cavity (8) communicated with an oil inlet pipe (10) is formed at one side, close to the power input shaft (2), of a meshed area of the planet gear shell (7) and the planet gear (6), a high-pressure oil cavity (9) communicated with an oil outlet pipe (11) is formed at one side, close to the power input shaft (2), of the planet gear (6) and the sun gear (4), a low-pressure oil cavity (8) communicated with the oil inlet pipe (10) is formed at one side, close to the power output shaft (3), of the planet gear (6) and the oil outlet pipe (11) are meshed with one side, close to the sun gear (4); the clutch device comprises a first clutch piece (13) arranged on the inner wall of the box body (1), a second clutch piece (14) arranged on the planetary gear shell (7) and a third clutch piece (15) arranged on the power input shaft (2), wherein the second clutch piece (14) can be selectively connected with the first clutch piece (13) or the third clutch piece (15), a pair of sealing oil rings (16) are respectively arranged between the power input shaft (2) and the box body (1) and between the power input shaft (2) and the sealing plate (18), the oil inlet pipe (10) extends and is arranged along the inner parts of the power input shaft (2) and the sealing plate (18), an oil conveying ring groove (19) communicated with the oil inlet pipe (10) is arranged on the power input shaft (2), the oil conveying ring groove (19) is positioned between the two sealing oil rings (16), and a pair of sealing oil ring grooves (17) communicated with the oil conveying ring groove (19) are arranged on the box body (1).

2. Transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that the power take-off shaft (3) is formed in one piece with the planet carrier (5).

3. Transmission according to claim 2, characterized in that the oil outlet pipe (11) is arranged in an integral part of the power take-off shaft (3) and the planet carrier (5).

4. A transmission according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the end of the oil outlet pipe (11) remote from the high-pressure oil chamber (9) is provided with a plug (12) which can open or close the oil circuit.

5. The transmission according to claim 4, characterized in that the closure member (12) is a needle valve or a diaphragm.

6. An electric vehicle characterized by comprising a transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 5.