CN220872271U - Coarse-grained soil shear strength testing device - Google Patents
Coarse-grained soil shear strength testing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN220872271U CN220872271U CN202322434867.5U CN202322434867U CN220872271U CN 220872271 U CN220872271 U CN 220872271U CN 202322434867 U CN202322434867 U CN 202322434867U CN 220872271 U CN220872271 U CN 220872271U
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The utility model relates to a coarse-grained soil shear strength testing device. The existing horizontal direct shear apparatus is not suitable for shear strength test of coarse-grained soil. The device comprises a lower shearing box, an upper shearing box, a counter-force frame, a cross rod, a horizontal jack and a vertical jack; the upper shearing box is positioned at the top of the lower shearing box; the reaction frame is positioned at the top of the lower shearing box and at the periphery of the upper shearing box; the cross rod is arranged at the top of the reaction frame; the horizontal jack is transversely supported between the side surface of the upper shearing box and the counter-force frame; the vertical jack is vertically supported between the top surface of the upper shearing box and the cross rod. The utility model is suitable for the direct shear test of coarse-grained soil on site, has simple structure, can be disassembled and spliced, is convenient to carry, is very suitable for measuring the shear strength of coarse-grained soil on site in the field, and has the advantages of convenient operation, lower cost and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of soil sample detection, in particular to a coarse-grained soil shear strength testing device.
Background
Coarse-grained soil is widely used as a filler in building engineering such as earth and rockfill dams, highways, railways, airports, house foundations and the like, and is a composite geological body comprising aggregate and filler, wherein the aggregate is gravel or block stone and the like, and the filler is clay and sand. Coarse-grained soil is a discontinuous medium material, the mechanical properties of various components under the action of external load are greatly different, and extremely complex interaction exists among the various components, so that the shear strength of the coarse-grained soil serving as a filler needs to be tested in engineering application.
Shear strength is an important index describing the mechanical strength of soil. The soil sample is usually measured in a room by a direct shear apparatus, and is placed between an upper metal box and a lower metal box of the direct shear apparatus, a certain vertical pressure is applied to the soil sample by a pressure transmission plate and a ball, and then a horizontal thrust is applied to the lower box, so that the sample is subjected to shear displacement along the horizontal contact surfaces of the upper box and the lower box until the sample is destroyed. However, in actual use, the conventional horizontal direct shear apparatus is generally tested indoors, the size of a soil sample adopted in the indoor test is generally smaller, and soil disturbance and even internal damage are easily caused in the sample preparation process. The general direct shear apparatus has a complex structure, particularly a vertical acting force applying system and a transverse acting force applying system, and generally comprises complex electric equipment and mechanical equipment, a workbench is required to be arranged when the horizontal direct shear apparatus is carried to the site, the adaptability is poor, the test orientation cannot be well adjusted according to the site space, the stability and the balance are general when the test is carried out, and the test precision and the test accuracy are easily affected, so that the test effect and the test efficiency of the horizontal direct shear apparatus are general. In the geotechnical test method standard, a direct shear soil sample is cut by a ring cutter with the inner diameter of 6.18cm and the height of 2cm, and the direct shear size is only suitable for fine-grained soil with the diameter of less than 2mm, but is not suitable for coarse-grained soil.
Therefore, it is necessary to design a new testing device to overcome the defects of the existing horizontal direct shear apparatus.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a coarse-grained soil shear strength testing device, which at least solves the problem that a horizontal direct shear apparatus is not suitable for testing the shear strength of coarse-grained soil.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:
The device comprises a lower shearing box, an upper shearing box, a counter-force frame, a cross rod, a horizontal jack and a vertical jack;
the upper shearing box is positioned at the top of the lower shearing box;
The reaction frame is positioned at the top of the lower shear box and positioned at the periphery of the upper shear box;
The cross rod is arranged at the top of the reaction frame;
The horizontal jack is transversely supported between the side surface of the upper shearing box and the counter-force frame;
The vertical jack is vertically supported between the top surface of the upper shearing box and the cross rod.
Further, a groove is formed in the inner side of the top of the lower shearing box, and balls are arranged in the groove;
When the upper shearing box is arranged at the top of the lower shearing box, the bottom of the upper shearing box is contacted with the balls.
Further, a bearing plate is arranged between the top of the upper shearing box and the vertical jack.
Further, the bearing plate comprises an upper bearing plate and a lower bearing plate, and a horizontal rolling rod is arranged between the upper bearing plate and the lower bearing plate.
Further, the horizontal jack and the vertical jack are connected with the hydraulic pump through oil pipes.
Further, a hydraulic gauge is arranged on the oil pipe.
Further, a vertical displacement dial indicator is arranged at the top of the upper shearing box.
Further, the side face of the upper shearing box is provided with a horizontal displacement dial indicator.
Further, the bottom side surface of the upper shearing box and the top side surface of the lower shearing box are respectively provided with a buckle and a clamping groove which are matched with each other.
Further, the bottom surface of the upper shear box is located within the groove.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
The coarse-grained soil shear strength testing device provided by the utility model is suitable for performing direct shear tests of coarse-grained soil on site, has a simple structure, can be disassembled and spliced, is convenient to carry, is very suitable for performing on-site measurement of the shear strength of coarse-grained soil on site, and has the advantages of convenience in operation, lower cost and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and that other embodiments of the drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a front view of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is a side view of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is a structural view of the bearing plate of the present utility model.
The marks in the figure are as follows:
The hydraulic pressure device comprises a lower shearing box 1, an upper shearing box 2, a counter-force frame 3, a groove 4, a ball 5, a buckle 6, a clamping groove 7, a horizontal jack 8, a vertical jack 9, a cross bar 10, a bearing plate 11, a vertical displacement dial indicator 12, a horizontal displacement dial indicator 13, an oil pipe 14, a first hydraulic gauge 15, a second hydraulic gauge 16, a hydraulic pump 17, an upper bearing plate 18, a rolling rod 19 and a lower bearing plate 20.
Detailed Description
In order that the utility model may be readily understood, a more complete description of the utility model will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. The drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the utility model. This utility model may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the utility model and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the utility model.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "disposed," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be fixedly connected, disposed, or detachably connected, disposed, or integrally connected, disposed, for example. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Meanwhile, in the description of the present utility model, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used only to distinguish the description, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Of course, such objects may be interchanged where appropriate, such that embodiments of the utility model described herein may be implemented in other sequences than those illustrated or otherwise described herein.
1-3, The utility model provides a coarse-grained soil shear strength testing device, which is suitable for testing the shear strength of coarse-grained soil. The device comprises a lower shearing box 1, an upper shearing box 2, a counterforce frame 3, a cross rod 10, a horizontal jack 8 and a vertical jack 9.
The lower shearing box 1 and the upper shearing box 2 are hollow box bodies, and the interior of the lower shearing box is a soil sample placing space of coarse-grained soil. The upper shear box 2 is located at the top of the lower shear box 1, the horizontal cross section of the upper shear box 2 being smaller than the horizontal cross section of the lower shear box 1. The inside of the top of lower shear box 1 is provided with recess 4, is provided with ball 5 in the recess 4, and when upper shear box 2 was arranged in the top of lower shear box 1, the bottom of upper shear box 2 contacted with ball 5. The bottom surface of the upper shear box 2 is located within the confines of the recess 4. The bottom side of the upper shearing box 2 and the top side of the lower shearing box 1 are also respectively provided with a buckle 6 and a clamping groove 7 which are matched with each other, the buckle 6 and the clamping groove 7 are symmetrically arranged about the shearing box, and the clamping groove 7 and the buckle 6 can fix the upper shearing box 2 and the lower shearing box 1 so as to prevent displacement between the upper shearing box and the lower shearing box before testing. When the upper shearing box 2 is buckled on the lower shearing box 1, the edge of the bottom of the upper shearing box 2 is embedded into the groove 4.
In some embodiments, the dimensions of the lower shear box 1 may be: the length is 410mm, the width is 390mm, the height is 200mm, and the size of the hollow part is: 250mm long, 250mm wide and 180mm high. The dimensions of the upper shear box 2 are: 290mm long, 290mm wide and 180mm high, the dimensions of the hollow part are: 250mm long, 250mm wide and 180mm high. 10 balls 5 are arranged in each groove 4, and the diameter of each ball 5 is 20mm.
The reaction frame 3 is located the top of lower shear box 1 and is located the periphery of upper shear box 2, and including a plurality of montants, be located the top four corners and the four sides of lower shear box 1, be connected with the horizontal pole between the top of a plurality of montants. The cross bar 10 is arranged at the top of the reaction frame 3, and the end of the cross bar 10 is fixed at the inner side of the bar. All the rod bodies of the reaction frame 3 can be spliced in a mortise and tenon mode and the like, can be disassembled and assembled, and are not fixed at the top of the lower shearing box 1, for example, a slot can be formed in the edge of the top of the lower shearing box 1, and the rod body corresponding to the reaction frame 3 is inserted into the slot.
The horizontal jack 8 is transversely supported between the side surface of the upper shearing box 2 and the counter-force frame 3, and the outer end of the horizontal jack 8 is supported on the inner side of a vertical rod positioned on one of four sides of the top of the lower shearing box 1.
The vertical jack 9 is vertically supported between the top surface of the upper shear box 2 and the cross bar 10, and the top of the vertical jack 9 is supported at the center of the cross bar 10. A bearing plate 11 is arranged between the top of the upper shearing box 2 and the vertical jack 9, the bearing plate 11 comprises an upper bearing plate 10 and a lower bearing plate 20, and a horizontal rolling rod 19 is arranged between the upper bearing plate 10 and the lower bearing plate 20.
In some embodiments, the roller 19 is 10mm in diameter and 100mm in length.
The horizontal jack 8 and the vertical jack 9 are connected with a hydraulic pump 17 through an oil pipe 14, and the oil pipe 14 is provided with a hydraulic gauge which is a first hydraulic gauge 15 and a second hydraulic gauge 16 respectively.
The top of the upper shearing box 2 is provided with a vertical displacement dial indicator 12, and the side surface of the upper shearing box 2 is provided with a horizontal displacement dial indicator 13.
The process for testing the shear strength of the coarse-grained soil by using the device comprises the following steps:
s1: and manufacturing a plurality of soil samples for standby.
Excavating pilot hole with the depth of 250mm, the length of 400mm and the width of 370mm in a test site, reserving a preliminary sample with the length of 270mm, the width of 270mm and the height of 200mm in the middle, and repairing the sample with the length of 250mm, the width of 250mm and the height of 180mm by using a small shovel blade.
S2: placing the soil sample prepared in the step S1 into the lower shear box 1, and uniformly placing the balls 5 into the grooves 4 of the lower shear box 1;
S3: sleeving the upper shearing box 2 into the upper part of a soil sample, enabling the bottom of the upper shearing box 2 to be in full contact with the balls 5, fastening the buckles 6 of the upper shearing box and the lower shearing box, and then covering the bearing plate 11;
S4: the buckle 6 of the upper shearing box and the lower shearing box is released, acting force is applied to the vertical jack 9 and the horizontal jack 8 through the hydraulic pump 17, and the numerical values of the vertical displacement dial indicator 12, the horizontal displacement dial indicator 13 and the two hydraulic meters are recorded.
S5: and (3) changing the value of the vertical pressure, and repeating the steps S1-S4 to obtain the shear strength of the same coarse-grained soil under different vertical pressures.
The device can apply vertical load to a sample in a grading manner. After a load is applied to the predetermined pressure in stages, the displacement meter reading is measured every 1 minute. When the change per minute is less than 1mm, the stability is considered, and the next stage load is applied. After the normal load reaches a predetermined pressure, the normal load should remain unchanged throughout the test. After the pre-added directional load is stabilized, tangential shear stress can be applied, the jack is controlled to uniformly and continuously apply thrust, the speed of shear deformation is controlled to be about 5mm per minute, and the shear stress and the shear deformation are measured every 20s in the test process until the shear stress is not increased along with the increase of the deformation. If the situation does not occur, the test can be stopped when the shearing deformation reaches 50mm-90 mm. The vertical load should be kept constant during the application of the tangential shear stress. The shearing time is preferably controlled within 5-10 min.
The foregoing description of the utility model has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be limiting. Several simple deductions, modifications or substitutions may also be made by a person skilled in the art to which the utility model pertains, based on the idea of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a coarse-grained soil shear strength testing arrangement which characterized in that:
The device comprises a lower shearing box (1), an upper shearing box (2), a counter-force frame (3), a cross rod (10), a horizontal jack (8) and a vertical jack (9);
the upper shearing box (2) is positioned at the top of the lower shearing box (1);
the reaction frame (3) is positioned at the top of the lower shearing box (1) and is positioned at the periphery of the upper shearing box (2);
the cross rod (10) is arranged at the top of the reaction frame (3);
The horizontal jack (8) is transversely supported between the side surface of the upper shearing box (2) and the counter-force frame (3);
the vertical jack (9) is vertically supported between the top surface of the upper shearing box (2) and the cross rod (10).
2. The coarse soil shear strength testing device according to claim 1, wherein:
A groove (4) is formed in the inner side of the top of the lower shearing box (1), and a ball (5) is arranged in the groove (4);
When the upper shearing box (2) is arranged at the top of the lower shearing box (1), the bottom of the upper shearing box (2) is contacted with the balls (5).
3. The coarse soil shear strength testing device according to claim 2, wherein:
a bearing plate (11) is arranged between the top of the upper shearing box (2) and the vertical jack (9).
4. A coarse soil shear strength testing device according to claim 3, wherein:
the bearing plate (11) comprises an upper bearing plate (18) and a lower bearing plate (20), and a horizontal rolling rod (19) is arranged between the upper bearing plate (18) and the lower bearing plate (20).
5. The coarse soil shear strength testing device according to claim 4, wherein:
the horizontal jack (8) and the vertical jack (9) are connected with a hydraulic pump (17) through an oil pipe (14).
6. The coarse soil shear strength testing device according to claim 5, wherein:
The oil pipe (14) is provided with a hydraulic gauge.
7. The coarse soil shear strength testing device of claim 6, wherein:
The top of the upper shearing box (2) is provided with a vertical displacement dial indicator (12).
8. The coarse soil shear strength testing device of claim 7, wherein:
The side of the upper shearing box (2) is provided with a horizontal displacement dial indicator (13).
9. The coarse soil shear strength testing device of claim 8, wherein:
The bottom side surface of the upper shearing box (2) and the top side surface of the lower shearing box (1) are respectively provided with a buckle (6) and a clamping groove (7) which are matched with each other.
10. The coarse soil shear strength testing device of claim 9, wherein:
The bottom surface of the upper shearing box (2) is positioned in the range of the groove (4).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322434867.5U CN220872271U (en) | 2023-09-08 | 2023-09-08 | Coarse-grained soil shear strength testing device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322434867.5U CN220872271U (en) | 2023-09-08 | 2023-09-08 | Coarse-grained soil shear strength testing device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN220872271U true CN220872271U (en) | 2024-04-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322434867.5U Active CN220872271U (en) | 2023-09-08 | 2023-09-08 | Coarse-grained soil shear strength testing device |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN220872271U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-09-08 CN CN202322434867.5U patent/CN220872271U/en active Active
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