CN220781075U - Roll-to-roll continuous preparation equipment for flexible functional film - Google Patents
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Abstract
A roll-to-roll continuous manufacturing apparatus for flexible functional films, comprising: the device comprises an unreeling device, a coating device, a pre-drying device, a vacuum drying device, a hot drying device and a reeling device which are sequentially arranged along the substrate transmission direction. The pre-drying device is configured to pre-dry the coated substrate; the vacuum drying device is configured to vacuum-dry the pre-dried substrate. The pre-drying device comprises a box body provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet; a heating unit provided in the case and configured to heat and dry the base material transferred into the case; an air supply unit configured to supply air into the case; an exhaust unit configured to exhaust air to the outside of the case; and a control unit configured to control an operation state of at least one of the heating unit, the air supply unit, and the air exhaust unit. The device can not only improve the production efficiency of roll-to-roll coating, but also improve the crystallization effect of the flexible functional layer. Is especially suitable for the high-efficiency continuous production of flexible perovskite functional layers.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of roll-to-roll coating, in particular to roll-to-roll continuous preparation equipment for flexible functional films.
Background
The perovskite thin film solar cell has a large breakthrough in the aspects of scientific research and industrialization promotion in the last decade because of the characteristics of simple manufacturing process, lower material cost, controllable structural band gap and the like. The conversion efficiency of the single perovskite solar cell at the present stage is over 25 percent, the conversion efficiency of the perovskite laminated solar cell is over 28 percent, and the conversion efficiency of the crystalline silicon-perovskite laminated solar cell is over 31 percent, so that the single perovskite solar cell becomes the photovoltaic cell with the most potential.
As perovskite solar cells are being developed to industrialize, the area requirements for photovoltaic devices and components are increasing. The substrate at present adopts rigid conductive glass or silicon-based thin film batteries, and the main coating mode is flat plate coating. When the flat plate coating is adopted, the coating of each substrate is an independent process, and a start-stop action is needed when the substrate is replaced, so that the production efficiency is affected, the large-scale continuous production is not facilitated, and the uniform quality management and control difficulty of each substrate at the position of the coating start-stop edge is high.
In practice, the perovskite solar cell has great application potential in the BIPV (building integrated photovoltaic) field and the CIPV (automotive integrated photovoltaic) field due to the advantages of light weight, high light transmittance, high short wavelength light absorption capability, good weak light effect and capability of being prepared on a flexible substrate. The advantages of light weight, convenience in installation, high production efficiency, good quality and the like make the flexible perovskite thin film battery expected to become the best alternative of BIPV and CIPV.
However, in the prior art, when preparing roll-to-roll flexible perovskite functional layers, the substrate coated with the wet film is typically directly transferred to an oven for baking and then wound up. However, the perovskite functional layer prepared by the method has poor crystallization effect, so that the transmission distance of carriers in the crystal is greatly reduced, the recombination probability is high, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic device is directly influenced; on the other hand, the time required for crystallization of the functional layer is long, which affects the continuity and efficiency of the roll-to-roll coating production.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least one problem existing in the prior art, an object of the present application is to provide a roll-to-roll continuous preparation device for flexible functional films, which is capable of improving the production efficiency of roll-to-roll coating and improving the crystallization effect of a flexible functional layer by setting timely predrying after coating and combining with effective vacuum drying. The method is particularly suitable for continuous production of flexible perovskite functional layers, has high production efficiency, and the prepared perovskite functional layers have high purity and good crystallization quality, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of corresponding solar cells is high, so that the method is suitable for BIPV and CIPV.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the roll-to-roll continuous preparation device for the flexible functional film provided by the application comprises an unreeling device, a coating device, a pre-drying device, a vacuum drying device, a hot drying device and a reeling device which are sequentially arranged along the transmission direction of a substrate; wherein,
the pre-drying device is configured to pre-dry the coated substrate;
the vacuum drying device is configured to perform vacuum drying on the pre-dried substrate; and is also provided with
The pre-drying device comprises a pre-drying device body, wherein the pre-drying device comprises,
the box body is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, and a coated substrate passes through the box body;
a heating unit disposed in the case and configured to heat and dry the substrate transferred into the case;
an air supply unit configured to supply air into the case;
an exhaust unit configured to exhaust air to the outside of the case; the method comprises the steps of,
and a control unit configured to control an operation state of at least one of the heating unit, the air supply unit, and the air exhaust unit.
Preferably, the pre-drying device further comprises,
an air pressure measuring unit configured to measure an air pressure value in the case;
the control unit is used for controlling the air exhaust unit to reduce the air exhaust quantity in response to the air pressure value being smaller than a first air pressure threshold value and controlling the air exhaust unit to increase the air exhaust quantity in response to the air pressure value being larger than a second air pressure threshold value;
wherein the first air pressure threshold is less than the second air pressure threshold.
Preferably, the pre-drying device further comprises,
a gas concentration measurement unit configured to measure a gas concentration value in the tank;
the control unit is also used for controlling the air supply unit to increase the air supply quantity in response to the fact that the gas concentration value is smaller than a first concentration threshold value;
the control unit is used for controlling the air supply unit to reduce the air supply quantity in response to the fact that the air concentration value is larger than a second concentration threshold value;
wherein the first concentration threshold is less than the second concentration threshold.
Preferably, the apparatus further comprises a processor for processing the data,
a temperature measurement unit configured to measure a temperature value inside the case;
the control unit is also used for controlling the heating unit to increase the temperature control parameter until the temperature value is in a first temperature range in response to the temperature value being smaller than a first temperature threshold value;
the control unit responds to the fact that the temperature value is smaller than a second temperature threshold value, and the duration time is longer than a first duration threshold value, and sends out a prompt;
the second temperature threshold is smaller than or equal to the first temperature threshold, and the first temperature threshold is smaller than the minimum temperature value of the first temperature range.
Further preferably, the heating unit is an infrared heating unit, and the temperature control parameter is electric power of the infrared heating unit; the temperature measurement unit includes a thermocouple.
Preferably, the pre-drying device further comprises,
the air curtain unit is arranged to provide air curtain purging for the feed inlet and/or the discharge outlet; wherein the feed inlet and the discharge outlet are slit-shaped.
Preferably, the vacuum drying device comprises a first storage unit, a vacuum drying unit and a second storage unit which are sequentially arranged along the substrate conveying direction; wherein,
the first storage unit is configured to have a feeding speed matched with the unreeling speed of the unreeling device and a discharging speed matched with the feeding speed of the vacuum drying unit;
the vacuum drying unit is configured to perform vacuum drying on the pre-dried substrate;
the second storage unit is configured to have a feeding speed matched with a discharging speed of the vacuum drying unit and a discharging speed matched with a winding speed of the winding device.
Preferably, the air supply unit comprises an air supply nozzle arranged at the tail end of the air supply pipeline; the air supply direction of at least one air supply nozzle is adjustable, and the height of at least one air supply nozzle relative to the base material in the box body is adjustable.
Further preferably, the air supply unit comprises a static gas pressure box arranged in the air supply pipeline; the static gas pressure box is arranged to supply air to at least two air supply nozzles.
Preferably, the flexible functional film is a perovskite film.
The roll-to-roll continuous preparation equipment for the flexible functional film has the advantages that the coated base material is timely pre-dried, the box body structure is adopted, the influence of external water oxygen and dust particle pollution is reduced, the reduction of crystal impurities is facilitated, and high-purity crystals are obtained. And through heating unit, air supply unit and exhaust unit, the substrate that conveys to the box realizes the predrying that stoving and air-drying combine together. The pre-drying device can be matched with a vacuum drying device which needs to replace dynamic transmission by static vacuum drying, so that the time of the static vacuum drying is effectively shortened, the integral film feeding speed is improved, and the roll-to-roll continuous production efficiency of the flexible functional layer is improved. And controlling the drying degree of the pre-drying by controlling the operation of the heating unit, the air supply unit or the air exhaust unit through the control unit, so that the pre-drying can reach a state that the surface is primarily dried without generating crystal nuclei, thereby not only improving the continuous productivity, but also helping to ensure that high-quality nucleation is performed only during vacuum drying. Thus, not only the roll-to-roll coating production efficiency can be improved, but also the crystallization effect of the flexible functional layer can be improved. The method is particularly suitable for continuous production of flexible perovskite functional layers, has high production efficiency, and the prepared perovskite functional layers have high purity and good crystallization quality, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of corresponding solar cells is high, so that the method is suitable for BIPV and CIPV.
Additional features and advantages of the application will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the application.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate and explain the application and do not limit it. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a roll-to-roll continuous manufacturing apparatus for flexible functional films according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a pre-drying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
Wherein, specifically include the following reference numerals:
a roll-to-roll continuous manufacturing apparatus 100;
unreeling device 110;
a coating device 120;
a pre-drying device 130; a case 131; a feed port 1311; a discharge port 1312; a heating unit 132; an air supply unit 133; a blower nozzle 1331; a static gas pressure tank 1332; an air exhausting unit 134; an air pressure measurement unit 135; a curtain unit 136;
a vacuum drying device 140; a first stock unit 141; a vacuum drying unit 142; a second storage unit 143;
a hot baking device 150;
and a winding device 160.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While certain embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, it is to be understood that the present application may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the present application. It should be understood that the drawings and examples of the present application are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate an orientation or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the utility model and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the structures, elements, or devices being referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the utility model.
The term "including" and variations thereof as used herein are intended to be open-ended, i.e., including, but not limited to. The term "based on" is "based at least in part on". The term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments. Related definitions of other terms will be given in the description below.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like herein are merely used for distinguishing between different devices, units, and data and not for limiting the order or interdependence of the functions performed by the devices, units, and data.
It should be noted that references to "one" or "a plurality" in this application are intended to be illustrative rather than limiting, and those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that "one or more" is intended to be interpreted as "one or more" unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. "plurality" is understood to mean two or more.
The flexible functional layer prepared in the present application may be a perovskite flexible functional layer, or may be another flexible functional layer such as a new energy source, a new material, an optical film, a photovoltaic film, or the like, and the present application is not particularly limited as long as the flexible functional layer is in a crystalline state.
At present, a substrate of a functional layer is mainly made of rigid conductive glass, and a main coating mode is flat plate coating. When the flat plate coating is adopted, the coating of each substrate is an independent process, and a start-stop action is needed when the substrate is replaced, so that the production efficiency is affected, the large-scale continuous production is not facilitated, and the uniform quality management and control difficulty of each substrate at the position of the coating start-stop edge is high.
In practice, the perovskite solar cell has great application potential in the BIPV field and the CIPV field due to the advantages of light weight, strong light transmittance, strong short wavelength light absorption capability, good weak light effect and capability of being prepared on a flexible substrate. The advantages of light weight, convenience in installation, high production efficiency, good quality and the like make the flexible perovskite thin film battery expected to become the best alternative of BIPV and CIPV.
However, in the prior art, when preparing roll-to-roll flexible perovskite functional layers, the substrate coated with the wet film is typically directly transferred to an oven for baking and then wound up. However, the perovskite functional layer prepared by the method has poor crystallization effect, so that the transmission distance of carriers in the crystal is greatly reduced, the recombination probability is high, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic device is directly influenced; on the other hand, the time required for crystallization of the functional layer is long, which affects the continuity of the roll-to-roll coating production. Based on this, this application provides a flexible functional film's roll-to-roll continuous preparation equipment, through setting up the timely predrying after the coating to combine effectual vacuum drying, not only can improve the production efficiency of roll-to-roll coating, can improve flexible functional layer's crystallization effect moreover. The method is particularly suitable for continuous production of flexible perovskite functional layers, has high production efficiency, and the prepared perovskite functional layers have high purity and good crystallization quality, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of corresponding solar cells is high, so that the method is suitable for BIPV and CIPV.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a roll-to-roll continuous manufacturing apparatus for flexible functional films according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the roll-to-roll continuous preparation apparatus 100 of a flexible functional film according to the embodiment of the present application includes an unreeling device 110, a coating device 120, a pre-drying device 130, a vacuum drying device 140, a heat drying device 150, and a reeling device 160, which are sequentially disposed along a substrate transport direction.
Wherein the pre-drying device 130 is configured to pre-dry the coated substrate; the vacuum drying device 140 is configured to vacuum-dry the pre-dried substrate.
As shown in fig. 2, the pre-drying apparatus 130 includes a cabinet 131, a heating unit 132, an air supply unit 133, an air exhaust unit 134, and a control unit (not shown). Wherein, the box 131 is provided with a feed inlet 1311 and a discharge outlet 1312, and the feed inlet 1311 and the discharge outlet 1312 allow the coated substrate 2 to pass through the box 131. The heating unit 132 is provided in the case 131, and is configured to heat and dry the substrate 2 transferred into the case 131. The air blowing unit 133 is provided to blow air into the case 131. The air exhausting unit 134 is provided to exhaust air to the outside of the case 131. The control unit is configured to control an operation state of at least one of the heating unit 132, the air supply unit 133, and the air discharge unit 134.
In a specific example, the gas fed by the air blowing unit 133 is nitrogen. The operation state of the heating unit 132 may be a constant temperature state, a heating state or a cooling state; the operation state of the air blowing unit 133 may be a state in which the air blowing amount is constant, increased or decreased; the operation state of the air discharging unit 134 may be a state in which the amount of air discharged is constant, increased or decreased.
The principle of the application is as follows:
for the functional layer to be in a crystalline state, the crystallization process of the functional layer includes three stages of nucleation, nucleation growth and crystal growth of crystals of the functional layer material in a solution. Among these, nucleation is the first step in the crystallization process, and is also the most critical step, which directly affects the crystallization effect and thus the function of the corresponding device.
The roll-to-roll continuous preparation apparatus of the flexible functional film according to the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, unwinds by an unwinding device 110 and coats an unwound substrate by a coating device 120. In a specific example, the coating device 120 may be a slit coating method. Then, the coated substrate is timely pre-dried by providing a special pre-drying device 130, and the pre-dried substrate is timely vacuum dried by providing a vacuum drying device 140, so that high-quality crystal nuclei are continuously generated in a high-efficiency and reel-to-reel manner. The substrate is then annealed by the thermal drying device 150 to complete crystal nucleus growth and crystal growth, and finally, the thermally dried substrate is wound by the winding device 160.
Among them, for the vacuum drying apparatus 140, it realizes high quality nucleation in a roll-to-roll continuous manner. The concrete principle is as follows: in a low-pressure working state, the collision frequency among the functional layer material molecules is reduced by the low-pressure environment, and the functional layer material molecules are more easily separated from the solid surface, so that the evaporation rate of the functional layer wet film in the cavity can be improved. In addition, the evaporated functional layer material molecules diffuse in the vacuum cavity along the low-pressure direction, so that the gas concentration in the area near the wet film of the functional layer is reduced, and the evaporation rate is further improved. That is, under a low pressure environment (e.g., a vacuum environment having a pressure lower than 1 Pa), functional layer material molecules are easily attached to the crystal surface and form high-quality crystal nuclei by efficient evaporation and desublimation. The crystal nucleus is a starting point of crystal growth, which provides an orderly structure so that more molecules can be attached and arranged into large-sized grains with good uniformity. In addition, vacuum drying after coating also helps to reduce crystal impurities, resulting in high purity crystals. Thereby, the high performance requirements of a specific flexible functional layer can be achieved. The method is particularly suitable for continuous production of flexible perovskite functional layers, and the prepared perovskite functional layers are high in purity and good in crystallization effect, and are beneficial to improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells.
As shown in fig. 2, the pre-drying device 130 can timely pre-dry the coated substrate 2, and adopts a box 131 structure, so as to reduce the influence of external water oxygen and dust particle pollution, and help to reduce crystal impurities and obtain high-purity crystals.
On the other hand, the pre-drying device 130 performs pre-drying by combining drying and air-drying of the substrate 2 transferred into the case 131 by the heating unit 132, the air blowing unit 133 and the air exhausting unit 134. The pre-drying can be matched with a vacuum drying device 140 which needs to replace dynamic transmission by static vacuum drying, so that the time of the static vacuum drying is effectively shortened, the integral film feeding speed is improved, and the roll-to-roll production efficiency of the flexible functional layer is improved. And, the degree of drying of the pre-drying is controlled by controlling the operation of the heating unit 132, the air supply unit 133 or the air exhaust unit 134 by the control unit so that the pre-drying can reach a state where the surface is primarily dried without generating nuclei, thereby not only improving the productivity of continuity but also helping to ensure that high quality nucleation is performed at the time of vacuum drying.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the pre-drying device 130 further comprises an air pressure measuring unit 135. The air pressure measuring unit 135 is provided to measure the air pressure value inside the case 131. And a control unit controlling the air discharging unit 134 to reduce the air discharging amount in response to the air pressure value being smaller than the first air pressure threshold value, and controlling the air discharging unit 134 to increase the air discharging amount in response to the air pressure value being larger than the second air pressure threshold value. Wherein the first air pressure threshold is less than the second air pressure threshold.
That is, the control unit controls the air exhaust unit 134 to adjust the air exhaust amount, so that the air pressure value in the box 131 is controlled within a preset range (from the first air pressure threshold to the second air pressure threshold), so that the air pressure in the box 131 is relatively stable, and the air supply amount is relatively stable, thereby ensuring a relatively stable pre-drying environment. In a specific example, the air pressure state within the case 131 may be a micro positive pressure state.
It is further preferable that the pre-drying device 130 further includes a gas concentration measuring unit (not shown in the drawing). The gas concentration measuring unit is configured to measure a gas concentration value in the housing 131. A control unit that controls the air supply unit 133 to increase the air supply amount in response to the gas concentration value being smaller than the first concentration threshold value; and controls the air supply unit 133 to reduce the air supply amount in response to the gas concentration value being greater than the second concentration threshold value. Wherein the first concentration threshold is less than the second concentration threshold.
Specifically, in the case where the gas pressure in the tank 131 is relatively stable, the gas concentration value in the tank 131 can indirectly reflect the degree of dryness of the substrate 2 in the tank 131 at present. Therefore, by controlling the air supply unit 133 to adjust the air supply amount, the concentration value of the air in the box 131 is controlled within the preset range (the first concentration threshold value to the second concentration threshold value), so as to ensure that the pre-drying can reach the state that the surface is primarily dried without generating crystal nuclei, thereby being beneficial to accurately controlling the high-quality nucleation during the vacuum drying. That is, in a certain range, the higher the gas concentration value in the case 131, the drier the substrate wet film in the case 131 is relatively, and when the gas concentration value is too high, the drying can be slowed down by reducing the air supply amount, so that the crystal nuclei are not generated in advance in the pre-drying device 130, and high quality nucleation in vacuum drying cannot be realized. Conversely, in a certain range, the lower the gas concentration value in the box 131 is, the lower the drying degree of the wet film of the substrate in the box 131 is, and when the gas concentration value is too low, the drying can be accelerated by increasing the air supply quantity, so that the time length of static vacuum drying is shortened, and the whole film running speed is improved.
It will be appreciated that the gas concentration values herein may be any concentration value of one or more relevant gases released when the coating dries, and the present application is not particularly limited as long as the current degree of drying or a change in the degree of drying is reflected.
Preferably, the roll-to-roll continuous manufacturing apparatus 100 further comprises a temperature measuring unit (not shown in the figures). The temperature measuring unit is configured to measure a temperature value inside the case 131. The control unit is further used for controlling the heating unit 132 to increase the temperature control parameter until the temperature value is in a first temperature range in response to the temperature value being smaller than the first temperature threshold value; and sending out a reminder in response to the temperature value being less than the second temperature threshold and the duration being greater than the first duration threshold. The second temperature threshold is smaller than or equal to the first temperature threshold, and the first temperature threshold is smaller than the minimum temperature value of the first temperature range.
Further preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the heating unit 132 is an infrared heating unit, and the temperature control parameter is electric power of the infrared heating unit; the temperature measuring unit includes a thermocouple.
That is, in a specific example, the heating unit 132 of the pre-drying device 130 may heat the substrate 2 by an infrared lamp. The temperature measuring unit may measure the temperature inside the case 131 by a thermocouple. Wherein, the infrared drying is performed by using high-energy radiation waves emitted by a short microwave generator. Compared with the traditional hot air box drying, the infrared drying has the characteristics of high heat efficiency, non-contact, uniform heating, high reaction speed, space saving during installation and the like.
In this embodiment, the control unit is further configured to monitor the temperature within the tank 131, as shown in fig. 2. When the temperature in the case 131 is too low (less than the first temperature threshold), the electric power of the infrared lamp can be controlled to be increased until the temperature value in the case 131 is recovered to the first temperature range, so that the influence of attenuation of the infrared lamp in use on pre-drying is avoided, and the reliability and stability of pre-drying are improved. Under the adjustment strategy, if the temperature in the box 131 is continuously too low, a heating abnormality prompt can be sent out through a prompt sound or a man-machine interface, so that maintenance personnel can consider to replace the infrared lamp, and the reliability and stability of pre-drying are further improved.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the pre-drying apparatus 130 further includes a curtain unit 136. The curtain unit 136 is configured to provide a curtain purge to the feed port 1311, or to provide a curtain purge to the discharge port 1312, or to provide a curtain purge to the feed port 1311 and the discharge port 1312. Wherein, the feed inlet 1311 and the discharge outlet 1312 are slit-shaped. Thus, external oxygen or water vapor can be effectively prevented from entering.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the vacuum drying apparatus 140 includes a first storage unit 141, a vacuum drying unit 142, and a second storage unit 143, which are sequentially disposed along the substrate transfer direction. Wherein the first storage unit 141 is configured such that the feeding speed is matched to the unreeling speed of the unreeling device 110 and the discharging speed is matched to the feeding speed of the vacuum drying unit 142; the vacuum drying unit 142 is configured to vacuum-dry the pre-dried substrate; the second storage unit 143 is configured such that the feeding speed is matched to the discharging speed of the vacuum drying unit 142, and the discharging speed is matched to the winding speed of the winding device 160. Namely, by controlling the feeding and discharging speeds of the first and second storage units 141 and 143, the vacuum drying is matched with the transmission and operation of the front and rear steps, and the on-line matching of the processing effect (such as coating effect, heat drying effect, etc.) and the front and rear steps of the on-line process can be achieved.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the air supply unit 133 includes an air supply nozzle 1331 provided at an end of the air supply line. The air supply direction of the at least one air supply nozzle 1331 is adjustable, and the height of the at least one air supply nozzle 1331 relative to the base material 2 in the box body 131 is adjustable. When the device is used, the drying effect can be optimized by adjusting the height or the air outlet angle of the air supply nozzle 1331, so that the flexibility and universality of the device application are improved.
Further preferably, the air supply unit 133 includes a static gas pressure box 1332 provided in the air supply line; the static gas box 1332 is provided to supply air to at least two air supply nozzles 1331. Thereby being beneficial to stabilizing the air flow and realizing uniform static pressure air outlet.
In summary, according to the roll-to-roll continuous preparation device for the flexible functional film, the coated substrate is timely pre-dried, and the box structure is adopted, so that the influence of external water oxygen and dust particle pollution is reduced, the reduction of crystal impurities is facilitated, and the high-purity crystal is obtained. And through heating unit, air supply unit and exhaust unit, the substrate that conveys to the box realizes the predrying that stoving and air-drying combine together. The pre-drying device can be matched with a vacuum drying device which needs to replace dynamic transmission by static vacuum drying, so that the time of the static vacuum drying is effectively shortened, the integral film feeding speed is improved, and the roll-to-roll continuous production efficiency of the flexible functional layer is improved. And controlling the drying degree of the pre-drying by controlling the operation of the heating unit, the air supply unit or the air exhaust unit through the control unit, so that the pre-drying can reach a state that the surface is primarily dried without generating crystal nuclei, thereby not only improving the continuous productivity, but also helping to ensure that high-quality nucleation is performed only during vacuum drying. Therefore, the roll-to-roll continuous preparation equipment for the flexible functional film can improve the production efficiency of roll-to-roll coating and the crystallization effect of the flexible functional layer. The method is particularly suitable for continuous production of flexible perovskite functional layers, has high production efficiency, and the prepared perovskite functional layers have high purity and good crystallization quality, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of corresponding solar cells is high, so that the method is suitable for BIPV and CIPV.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application, but although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or that equivalents may be substituted for part of the technical features thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The roll-to-roll continuous preparation equipment for the flexible functional film is characterized by comprising an unreeling device, a coating device, a pre-drying device, a vacuum drying device, a hot drying device and a reeling device which are sequentially arranged along the transmission direction of a substrate; wherein,
the pre-drying device is configured to pre-dry the coated substrate;
the vacuum drying device is configured to perform vacuum drying on the pre-dried substrate; and is also provided with
The pre-drying device comprises a pre-drying device body, wherein the pre-drying device comprises,
the box body is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, and a coated substrate passes through the box body;
a heating unit disposed in the case and configured to heat and dry the substrate transferred into the case;
an air supply unit configured to supply air into the case;
an exhaust unit configured to exhaust air to the outside of the case; the method comprises the steps of,
and a control unit configured to control an operation state of at least one of the heating unit, the air supply unit, and the air exhaust unit.
2. The roll-to-roll continuous manufacturing apparatus for flexible functional films according to claim 1, wherein the pre-drying means further comprises,
an air pressure measuring unit configured to measure an air pressure value in the case;
the control unit is used for controlling the air exhaust unit to reduce the air exhaust quantity in response to the air pressure value being smaller than a first air pressure threshold value and controlling the air exhaust unit to increase the air exhaust quantity in response to the air pressure value being larger than a second air pressure threshold value;
wherein the first air pressure threshold is less than the second air pressure threshold.
3. The roll-to-roll continuous manufacturing apparatus for flexible functional films according to claim 2, wherein the pre-drying means further comprises,
a gas concentration measurement unit configured to measure a gas concentration value in the tank;
the control unit is also used for controlling the air supply unit to increase the air supply quantity in response to the fact that the gas concentration value is smaller than a first concentration threshold value;
the control unit is used for controlling the air supply unit to reduce the air supply quantity in response to the fact that the air concentration value is larger than a second concentration threshold value;
wherein the first concentration threshold is less than the second concentration threshold.
4. The roll-to-roll continuous manufacturing apparatus for flexible functional films according to claim 1, further comprising,
a temperature measurement unit configured to measure a temperature value inside the case;
the control unit is also used for controlling the heating unit to increase the temperature control parameter until the temperature value is in a first temperature range in response to the temperature value being smaller than a first temperature threshold value;
the control unit responds to the fact that the temperature value is smaller than a second temperature threshold value, and the duration time is longer than a first duration threshold value, and sends out a prompt;
the second temperature threshold is smaller than or equal to the first temperature threshold, and the first temperature threshold is smaller than the minimum temperature value of the first temperature range.
5. The roll-to-roll continuous production apparatus of a flexible functional film according to claim 4, wherein the heating unit is an infrared heating unit, and the temperature control parameter is an electric power of the infrared heating unit; the temperature measurement unit includes a thermocouple.
6. The roll-to-roll continuous manufacturing apparatus for flexible functional films according to claim 1, wherein the pre-drying means further comprises,
the air curtain unit is arranged to provide air curtain purging for the feed inlet and/or the discharge outlet; wherein the feed inlet and the discharge outlet are slit-shaped.
7. The roll-to-roll continuous manufacturing apparatus of flexible functional films according to claim 1, wherein the vacuum drying device comprises a first stock unit, a vacuum drying unit, and a second stock unit sequentially disposed along a substrate transport direction; wherein,
the first storage unit is configured to have a feeding speed matched with the unreeling speed of the unreeling device and a discharging speed matched with the feeding speed of the vacuum drying unit;
the vacuum drying unit is configured to perform vacuum drying on the pre-dried substrate;
the second storage unit is configured to have a feeding speed matched with a discharging speed of the vacuum drying unit and a discharging speed matched with a winding speed of the winding device.
8. The roll-to-roll continuous manufacturing apparatus of flexible functional films according to claim 1, wherein the air supply unit comprises an air supply nozzle provided at an end of an air supply line; the air supply direction of at least one air supply nozzle is adjustable, and the height of at least one air supply nozzle relative to the base material in the box body is adjustable.
9. The roll-to-roll continuous manufacturing apparatus of flexible functional films according to claim 8, wherein the air supply unit comprises a static gas tank provided in the air supply line; the static gas pressure box is arranged to supply air to at least two air supply nozzles.
10. The roll-to-roll continuous production apparatus for flexible functional films according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the flexible functional film is a perovskite film.
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