CN220770149U - Piston type flow regulating and pressure regulating valve - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a piston type flow regulating and pressure regulating valve, which comprises a valve body, wherein the valve body comprises an outer shell, an inner shell and a guide plate, the outer shell, the inner shell and the guide plate are integrally formed, and the piston type flow regulating and pressure regulating valve further comprises: a water outlet valve port fixedly arranged at one end of the outer shell; the piston is slidably arranged in the inner shell, one end of the piston is in a cylindrical shape with an opening, and a valve rod is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of one side of the piston; the fluid director is slidably arranged in the outer shell, and the fluid director is cylindrical with two ends being provided with openings. The piston type flow regulating pressure regulating valve provided by the scheme can regulate the flow of fluid or close the delivery of the fluid in a manual or electric mode, and can avoid the contact of components in the inner shell with the fluid, thereby avoiding the corrosion of the fluid to the components in the inner shell.

Description

Piston type flow regulating and pressure regulating valve

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of pressure regulating valves, and particularly relates to a piston type flow regulating pressure regulating valve.

Background

The piston type flow regulating and pressure regulating valve consists of valve body, piston, flow guider, built-in crank ring block mechanism, etc. The piston type flow regulating and pressure regulating valve controls the opening of the valve according to the forward and backward movement of the piston in the valve body, so as to effectively control the flow, the pressure and the like. The flow channel in the piston valve is axisymmetric, when the valve is opened, water flow is converged at the outlet, turbulent flow is not generated when the fluid flows, cavitation is effectively eliminated, and when the piston valve is fully closed, the water flow is effectively prevented, zero leakage is achieved, and therefore upstream pressure transmission is avoided.

The piston type flow regulating and regulating valve has a manual regulation type and an electric regulation type, but the existing piston type flow regulating and regulating valve can only be manually regulated or can only be electrically regulated, and for the use occasion with larger fluid flow, the valve body diameter of the piston type flow regulating and regulating valve is large, the manual piston valve regulation is more expensive and laborious, and the electric piston valve can not regulate the fluid flow under the condition of power failure or motor failure. In addition, in the piston type flow regulating and pressure regulating valve in the prior art, the piston in the piston type flow regulating and pressure regulating valve is in a cylindrical shape with two open ends, when fluid flows in the valve body, the fluid can enter the inner-layer shell of the valve body, so that the fluid can directly contact with transmission components such as a crank for enabling the piston to move, corrosion can be caused at the hinge of the crank after long-term use, the friction resistance at the hinge is increased, and the resistance for the piston to move is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a piston type flow regulating and pressure regulating valve, which aims to solve the technical problems that the existing piston valve can not be used for manually or electrically regulating the flow of fluid and the fluid can corrode a transmission part driving a piston to move after long-term use.

The utility model is realized in this way, a piston type flow regulating and pressure regulating valve comprises a valve body, wherein the valve body comprises an outer shell, an inner shell and a guide plate, the outer shell, the inner shell and the guide plate are integrally formed, and the piston type flow regulating and pressure regulating valve further comprises: a water outlet valve port fixedly arranged at one end of the outer shell; the piston is in a cylindrical shape with one end open and the other end closed, and a valve rod extending towards the open end is fixedly arranged in the center of the inner wall of the closed end of the piston; the fluid director is slidably arranged in the outer shell, and is in a cylindrical shape with two ends being provided with openings; the deflector is fixedly connected with the outer side surface of the closed end of the piston, and the outer diameters of the deflector and the piston are the same; the inner walls of the outer shell and the inner shell, which are close to one section, are provided with annular grooves and are embedded with sealing rings, the sealing rings are adapted between the closed end of the piston and the inner shell, and the sealing rings are adapted between the end, which is far away from the piston, of the fluid director and the outer shell; the inner shell is internally provided with a supporting mechanism for supporting the valve rod and enabling the valve rod to stably move.

Preferably, the driving mechanism includes: the hinge rod is hinged at one end of the valve rod, which is far away from the piston; the fixed seat is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of one end of the inner shell far away from the piston, the fixed seat is rotatably provided with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft extends out of the outer shell and is in sealing and rotating connection with the outer shell and the inner shell; the rotating rod is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft, and one end of the rotating rod is hinged with the hinging rod; the installation box is fixedly installed on the side wall of the outer shell, the rotating shaft extends into the installation box, and the installation box is used for installing a manual driving mechanism and an electric driving mechanism.

Preferably, the manual actuation mechanism comprises: the worm wheel is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft and meshed with a worm rotatably arranged in the mounting box; the bottom end of the central shaft is provided with a rectangular groove; the square rod is arranged at the top end of the worm and integrally formed with the worm, extends into the rectangular groove of the center shaft and is matched with the rectangular groove; and a rotating handle fixedly arranged at the top end of the center shaft.

Preferably, the electric drive mechanism includes: a motor fixedly installed in the installation box; and the two bevel gears are fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the motor and the middle shaft, and the two bevel gears are matched.

Preferably, rectangular holes are formed in the mounting box, a conversion mechanism is further arranged on the mounting box, and the conversion mechanism comprises: the square block is matched with the rectangular hole of the mounting box and is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the rectangular hole, a rotating hole is formed in the bottom of the square block, a bearing is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the square block, and the inner ring of the bearing is fixedly sleeved on the center shaft; the fixed block is fixedly arranged at the top of the mounting box, a threaded hole is formed in the fixed block, a hand screw rod is arranged on the threaded hole in a threaded mode, two identical thread grooves are formed in one side of the square block, and the hand screw rod extends into one of the thread grooves and is in threaded connection with the thread groove.

Preferably, the support mechanism includes: the ring block is sleeved on the valve rod in a sliding way, a linear bearing is assembled on the inner wall of the ring block, and the linear bearing is sleeved on the valve rod in a rolling way; and a plurality of support rods which are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the ring block and are distributed annularly are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the inner shell.

Preferably, the outer casing, the inner casing and one of the guide plates are further provided with the same through hole, the outer casing is further provided with an air inlet and outlet mechanism, the air inlet and outlet mechanism is used for air inlet and outlet of the inner casing due to air pressure change when the piston is moved to adjust flow and pressure, and the air inlet and outlet mechanism comprises: the mounting cylinder is fixedly mounted on the outer shell, the bottom of the mounting cylinder is an opening, the through hole is communicated with the mounting cylinder, and one side of the mounting cylinder is provided with an air hole; the blocking rod is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the top of the mounting cylinder and is cylindrical; the stop block is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the mounting cylinder, and a sliding hole matched with the blocking rod is formed in the stop block; and two springs arranged in the mounting cylinder, wherein the two springs are respectively positioned above and below the stop block.

Preferably, one side of the installation box is an opening and is fixedly provided with an access cover plate through a plurality of screws.

Compared with the related art, the piston type flow regulating and pressure regulating valve provided by the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

the piston that sets up in this scheme is the opening only one end, avoided the part contact in fluid and the inner shell, avoided the corruption to the inner shell interior part, and through the actuating mechanism who sets up, both can manually adjust or close fluid flow, also can adjust fluid flow or close the transportation of fluid by electric mode, avoid unable fluid flow or close fluid under the circumstances to outage or trouble, can make the piston steadily smooth movement through setting up supporting mechanism, avoid the wearing and tearing increase between piston and the sealing washer part because of actuating mechanism's torque force to the piston causes, through set up through-hole and business turn over gas mechanism on the valve body, avoid increasing resistance when moving the piston.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a piston type flow regulating and pressure regulating valve according to the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion A shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion B shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional elevation view of the manual actuation mechanism and the electric actuation mechanism of the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion C shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion D shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic elevational view of the present utility model;

fig. 8 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the inner housing and the baffle in the present utility model.

Reference numerals: 1. a piston; 2. a deflector; 3. a valve body; 31. an outer housing; 32. an inner housing; 33. a deflector; 4. a water outlet valve port; 5. a valve stem; 6. a hinge rod; 7. a fixing seat; 8. a rotating shaft; 9. a rotating rod; 10. a ring block; 11. a support rod; 12. a mounting box; 13. a worm wheel; 14. a worm; 15. square bar; 16. a center shaft; 17. a rotating handle; 18. a motor; 19. a bevel gear; 20. square blocks; 21. a fixed block; 22. manually screwing the screw rod; 23. a mounting cylinder; 24. a blocking rod; 25. a stop block; 26. a spring; 27. an access panel.

Detailed Description

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used in the description of the applications herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application; the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the description and claims of the present application and in the description of the figures above are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims or in the above-described figures, are used for distinguishing between different objects and not necessarily for describing a sequential or chronological order.

Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those of skill in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a piston type flow regulating and pressure regulating valve, as shown in fig. 1-8, the piston type flow regulating and pressure regulating valve comprises a valve body 3, the valve body 3 comprises an outer shell 31, an inner shell 32 and a guide plate 33, the outer shell 31, the inner shell 32 and the guide plate 33 are integrally formed, and the piston type flow regulating and pressure regulating valve further comprises: a water outlet valve port 4 fixedly arranged at one end of the outer shell 31; the piston 1 is slidably mounted in the inner shell 32, the piston 1 is in a cylindrical shape with one end open and the other end closed, and a valve rod 5 extending towards the open end is fixedly mounted in the center of the inner wall of the closed end of the piston 1; the fluid director 2 is slidably installed in the outer shell 31, and the fluid director 2 is in a cylindrical shape with two ends being opened; the fluid director 2 is fixedly connected with the outer side face of the closed end of the piston 1, and the outer diameters of the fluid director 2 and the piston 1 are the same; the inner walls of the outer shell 31 and the inner shell 32, which are close to one section, are provided with annular grooves and are embedded with sealing rings, a sealing ring is adapted between the closed end of the piston and the inner shell, and a sealing ring is adapted between one end of the fluid director 2, which is far away from the piston, and the outer shell; the inner housing 32 is fitted with a support mechanism for supporting and stably moving the valve stem 5.

It should be noted that, the piston type flow regulating and pressure regulating valve can be manually regulated or can be electrically regulated, and for the use occasion with relatively large fluid flow, the valve body diameter of the piston type flow regulating and pressure regulating valve is very large, and an electrically regulated piston valve is generally used, but the electrically regulated piston valve cannot regulate the fluid flow under the condition of power failure or motor failure, so that inconvenience is brought to the use of the piston valve. In addition, the piston of the piston type flow regulating and pressure regulating valve in the prior art is in a cylindrical shape with two open ends, when fluid flows in the valve body, the fluid can enter the inner shell of the valve body, so that the fluid is directly contacted with transmission components such as a crank for enabling the piston to move, corrosion can be caused at the hinge of the crank after long-term use, the friction resistance at the hinge is increased, and the resistance of the piston to move is increased.

In this embodiment, fluid enters from one end of the valve body 3 through the gap between the inner housing 32 and the outer housing 31, enters into the deflector 2 from the water hole on the deflector 2, is conveyed from the water outlet valve port 4 to the downstream pipeline, and does not enter into the inner housing 32, so that corrosion is not caused to the hinge parts and other parts at the two ends of the hinge rod 6, the piston 1 can be manually moved by the driving mechanism to adjust the flow, the piston 1 can also be moved by an electric mode, the problem that the flow cannot be adjusted due to failure such as power failure is avoided, and in the moving process of the piston 1, the piston 1 can be stably and smoothly moved by the supporting mechanism, and the abrasion between the piston 1 and the part of the sealing ring due to torque force caused by the driving mechanism to the piston 1 is avoided.

In a further preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the driving mechanism comprises: a hinge rod 6 hinged at an end of the valve rod 5 remote from the piston 1; the fixed seat 7 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of one end, far away from the piston, of the inner shell 32, the fixed seat 7 is rotatably provided with a rotating shaft 8, and the rotating shaft 8 extends out of the outer shell 31 and is in sealing and rotating connection with the outer shell 31 and the inner shell 32; a rotating rod 9 fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 8, wherein one end of the rotating rod 9 is hinged with the hinging rod 6; the installation box 12 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the outer shell 31, the rotating shaft 8 extends into the installation box 12, and the installation box 12 is used for installing a manual driving mechanism and an electric driving mechanism.

In this embodiment, when the manual driving mechanism drives the rotating shaft 8 to rotate, the rotating shaft 8 drives the rotating rod 9 to rotate, the rotating rod 9 pulls or pushes the hinge rod 6, the hinge rod 6 drives the piston to move rightward or leftward (in the view of fig. 1) through the valve rod 5, the piston 1 moves leftward, the inducer 2 is driven to move leftward, the flow is reduced, and the flow is increased when the piston 1 moves rightward.

In a further preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the manual actuation mechanism comprises: a worm wheel 13 fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 8, wherein the worm wheel 13 is meshed with a worm 14 rotatably installed in the installation box 12; a central shaft 16 arranged in the installation box 12 and the top end of which extends out of the installation box 12, wherein a rectangular groove is formed at the bottom end of the central shaft 16; the square rod 15 is arranged at the top end of the worm 14 and is integrally formed with the worm 14, and the square rod 15 extends into the rectangular groove of the center shaft 16 and is matched with the rectangular groove; and a rotating handle 17 fixedly arranged at the top end of the center shaft 16.

In the embodiment, under the condition that two bevel gears 19 in the electric driving mechanism are not meshed, the middle shaft 16 is driven to rotate by rotating the rotating handle 17, the worm 14 is driven to rotate by the square rod 15, the rotating shaft 8 is driven to rotate by the worm wheel 13, and the piston 1 is further moved, so that the manual adjustment or closing of the fluid flow is realized.

In a further preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the electric drive mechanism comprises: a motor 18 fixedly mounted within the mounting box 12; and two bevel gears 19 fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the motor 18 and the center shaft 16, wherein the two bevel gears 19 are matched, and in the state of fig. 5, the two bevel gears 19 are meshed.

In this embodiment, in a state that the two bevel gears 19 are meshed, the motor 18 is started, and the central shaft 16 is driven to rotate by the two bevel gears 19, so that the piston 1 is driven to move through transmission, and electric adjustment or closing of the fluid flow is realized.

In a further preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the mounting box 12 is provided with a rectangular hole, the mounting box 12 is further provided with a conversion mechanism, and the conversion mechanism includes: the square block 20 is matched with the rectangular hole of the mounting box 12 and is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the rectangular hole, a rotating hole is formed in the bottom of the square block 20, a bearing is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the square block, and the inner ring of the bearing is fixedly sleeved on the center shaft 16; the fixed block 21 is fixedly arranged at the top of the installation box 12, a threaded hole is formed in the fixed block 21, a hand screw rod 22 is arranged in a threaded mode, two identical thread grooves are formed in one side of the square block 20, and the hand screw rod 22 extends into one of the thread grooves and is in threaded connection with the thread groove.

In this embodiment, in the state of fig. 5, the motor 18 is started to move the piston 1 to adjust the flow, when the power is cut off or the motor 18 fails and the manual operation is needed to adjust the flow of fluid, the screw rod 22 is screwed to separate from the lower thread groove on the square block 20, the rotating handle 17 is pressed downwards to move the center shaft 16 and the square block 20 downwards for a distance, the conical gear 19 on the center shaft 16 is also lowered and is not meshed with the conical gear 19 on the motor 18, and then the screw rod 22 is reversely screwed to be in threaded connection with the upper thread groove on the square block 20, namely, the square block 20 is fixed, and at the moment, the rotating handle 17 can be rotated to adjust or close the flow of fluid.

In a further preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the supporting mechanism includes: the ring block 10 is sleeved on the valve rod 5 in a sliding way, a linear bearing is assembled on the inner wall of the ring block 10, and the linear bearing is sleeved on the valve rod 5 in a rolling way; and a plurality of support rods 11 fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the ring block 10 and distributed annularly, wherein a plurality of support rods 11 are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the inner shell 32.

In this embodiment, when the piston 1 is driven to move by the valve rod 5, the valve rod 5 moves on the linear bearing in the ring block 10, and the piston 1 is stably and smoothly moved by the ring block 10 and the linear bearing, so that torque force of the driving mechanism on the piston 1 is avoided, and abrasion between the piston 1 and a part of the sealing ring is avoided.

In a further preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the outer housing 31, the inner housing 32, and one of the guide plates 33 are further provided with a through hole, the outer housing 31 is further provided with an air inlet and outlet mechanism, the air inlet and outlet mechanism is used for air inlet and outlet due to air pressure change in the inner housing 32 when the piston 1 is moved to perform flow and pressure regulation, and the air inlet and outlet mechanism includes: the mounting cylinder 23 is fixedly mounted on the outer shell 31, the bottom of the mounting cylinder 23 is an opening, the through hole is communicated with the mounting cylinder 23, and one side of the mounting cylinder 23 is provided with an air hole; a blocking rod 24 fixedly installed on the top inner wall of the installation cylinder 23, wherein the blocking rod 24 is cylindrical; the stop block 25 is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the mounting cylinder 23, and a sliding hole matched with the blocking rod 24 is formed in the stop block 25; and two springs 26 provided in the mounting cylinder 23, the two springs 26 being located above and below the stopper 25, respectively.

In this embodiment, due to the arrangement of the piston 1, the inner housing 32 is in a closed state, and the contact between the components in the inner housing 32 and the fluid is avoided, but the pressure of the gas in the inner housing 32 is changed when the piston 1 is moved, so that the resistance when the piston 1 is moved is increased, and through the arrangement of the through hole and the gas inlet and outlet mechanism on the valve body 3, when the piston 1 moves rightwards to compress the gas in the inner housing 32, the pressure of the gas in the inner housing 32 is increased, the stop block 25 is pushed upwards through the through hole, so that the air hole on the mounting cylinder 23 is communicated with the inner housing 32, and the gas in the inner housing 32 is discharged outwards;

when the piston 1 moves leftwards, the air pressure in the inner shell 32 is reduced, and is lower than the external atmospheric pressure, the external atmospheric pressure pushes the stop block 25 to move downwards, the stop block 25 is separated from the blocking rod 24 to enable the sliding hole on the stop block 25 to be communicated with the outside, and therefore external air can enter the inner shell 32;

therefore, by providing the through hole and the air inlet and outlet mechanism, an increase in resistance when the piston 1 moves can be avoided.

In a further preferred embodiment of the utility model, the mounting box 12 is open on one side and is fixedly provided with an access panel 27 by means of a plurality of screws.

In this embodiment, the access panel 27 is provided to facilitate opening for installation and maintenance of the components within the mounting box 12.

In summary, the piston type flow regulating and pressure regulating valve designed according to the scheme can avoid the contact between the components in the inner housing 32 and the fluid, so that the corrosion of the fluid to the components in the inner housing 32 is avoided, and the flow of the fluid can be regulated or closed manually, and the flow of the fluid can be regulated or the delivery of the fluid can be closed electrically.

Compared with the prior art, the piston 1 that sets up in this scheme is the opening only one end, avoided the part contact in fluid and the inner shell 32, avoided the corruption to the inner shell 32 inner part, and through the actuating mechanism who sets up, both can manually adjust or close fluid flow, also can adjust fluid flow or close the transportation of fluid in electric mode, avoid unable adjustment fluid flow or close fluid under the circumstances to outage or trouble, can make piston 1 steadily smooth remove through setting up supporting mechanism, avoid the wearing and tearing increase between piston 1 and the sealing washer part because of actuating mechanism's torque force to piston 1 causes, through set up through-hole and business turn over gas mechanism on valve body 3, avoid increasing resistance when moving piston 1.

It should be noted that, in the present utility model, the circuits, electronic components and modules are all related to the prior art, and those skilled in the art may implement the present utility model completely, and it is needless to say that the protection of the present utility model does not relate to improvement of software and methods.

In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus may be implemented in other manners. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, such as the above-described division of units, merely a division of logic functions, and there may be additional manners of dividing in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or communication connection shown or discussed as being between each other may be an indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or elements via some interfaces, which may be in the form of telecommunications or otherwise.

The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model, and not for limiting the scope of the present utility model. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are merely some, but not all, embodiments of the utility model. Based on these embodiments, all other embodiments that may be obtained by one of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of the utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art may still combine, add or delete features of the embodiments of the present utility model or make other adjustments according to circumstances without any conflict, so as to obtain different technical solutions without substantially departing from the spirit of the present utility model, which also falls within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a piston type flow regulating and regulating valve, includes the valve body, its characterized in that, the valve body contains shell body, interior casing and guide plate, shell body, interior casing and guide plate integrated into one piece, piston type flow regulating and regulating valve still includes: a water outlet valve port fixedly arranged at one end of the outer shell; the piston is in a cylindrical shape with one end open and the other end closed, and a valve rod extending towards the open end is fixedly arranged in the center of the inner wall of the closed end of the piston; the fluid director is slidably arranged in the outer shell, the fluid director is cylindrical, two ends of the fluid director are provided with openings, the fluid director is fixedly connected with the outer side face of the closed end of the piston, and the outer diameters of the fluid director and the piston are the same; the inner walls of the outer shell and the inner shell, which are close to one section, are provided with annular grooves and are embedded with sealing rings, the sealing rings are adapted between the closed end of the piston and the inner shell, and the sealing rings are adapted between the end, which is far away from the piston, of the fluid director and the outer shell; the inner shell is internally provided with a supporting mechanism for supporting the valve rod and enabling the valve rod to stably move.

2. The piston type flow regulating and pressure regulating valve as set forth in claim 1, wherein said driving mechanism comprises: the hinge rod is hinged at one end of the valve rod, which is far away from the piston; the fixed seat is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of one end of the inner shell far away from the piston, the fixed seat is rotatably provided with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft extends out of the outer shell and is in sealing and rotating connection with the outer shell and the inner shell; the rotating rod is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft, and one end of the rotating rod is hinged with the hinging rod; the installation box is fixedly installed on the side wall of the outer shell, the rotating shaft extends into the installation box, and the installation box is used for installing a manual driving mechanism and an electric driving mechanism.

3. The piston type flow regulating and pressure regulating valve as set forth in claim 2, wherein said manual actuation mechanism comprises: the worm wheel is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft and meshed with a worm rotatably arranged in the mounting box; the bottom end of the central shaft is provided with a rectangular groove; the square rod is arranged at the top end of the worm and integrally formed with the worm, extends into the rectangular groove of the center shaft and is matched with the rectangular groove; and a rotating handle fixedly arranged at the top end of the center shaft.

4. The piston type flow regulating and pressure regulating valve as set forth in claim 3, wherein said electric drive mechanism comprises: a motor fixedly installed in the installation box; and the two bevel gears are fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the motor and the middle shaft, and the two bevel gears are matched.

5. The piston type flow regulating and pressure regulating valve as set forth in claim 3, wherein said mounting box is provided with a rectangular hole, said mounting box is further provided with a switching mechanism, said switching mechanism comprising: the square block is matched with the rectangular hole of the mounting box and is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the rectangular hole, a rotating hole is formed in the bottom of the square block, a bearing is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the square block, and the inner ring of the bearing is fixedly sleeved on the center shaft; the fixed block is fixedly arranged at the top of the mounting box, a threaded hole is formed in the fixed block, a hand screw rod is arranged on the threaded hole in a threaded mode, two identical thread grooves are formed in one side of the square block, and the hand screw rod extends into one of the thread grooves and is in threaded connection with the thread groove.

6. The piston type flow regulating and pressure regulating valve as set forth in claim 1, wherein said support mechanism comprises: the ring block is sleeved on the valve rod in a sliding way, a linear bearing is assembled on the inner wall of the ring block, and the linear bearing is sleeved on the valve rod in a rolling way; and a plurality of support rods which are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the ring block and are distributed annularly are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the inner shell.

7. The piston type flow regulating and pressure regulating valve as set forth in claim 1, wherein said outer housing, said inner housing and one of said guide plates are further provided with a through hole, said outer housing is further provided with an air inlet and outlet mechanism for inlet and outlet of air due to pressure change in said inner housing when said piston is moved for flow regulating and pressure regulating, said air inlet and outlet mechanism comprising: the mounting cylinder is fixedly mounted on the outer shell, the bottom of the mounting cylinder is an opening, the through hole is communicated with the mounting cylinder, and one side of the mounting cylinder is provided with an air hole; the blocking rod is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the top of the mounting cylinder and is cylindrical; the stop block is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the mounting cylinder, and a sliding hole matched with the blocking rod is formed in the stop block; and two springs arranged in the mounting cylinder, wherein the two springs are respectively positioned above and below the stop block.

8. The piston type flow regulating and pressure regulating valve as set forth in claim 2, wherein one side of said installation housing is open and fixedly installed with an access panel by means of a plurality of screws.