CN220754678U - Follow current circuit applied to square wave speed-regulating direct current motor - Google Patents
Follow current circuit applied to square wave speed-regulating direct current motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN220754678U CN220754678U CN202322356902.6U CN202322356902U CN220754678U CN 220754678 U CN220754678 U CN 220754678U CN 202322356902 U CN202322356902 U CN 202322356902U CN 220754678 U CN220754678 U CN 220754678U
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- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a follow current circuit applied to a square wave speed regulation direct current motor, which comprises a motor, a power supply anode connected to the input end of the motor, and a first NMOS tube connected to the output end of the motor, wherein the first NMOS tube is controlled by a controller; the G pole of the first NMOS tube is connected with the positive pole of the power supply through a first optocoupler relay, the control end of the first optocoupler relay is electrically connected with the controller, and the controller is controlled. The second NMOS tube is used for conducting the follow current circuit, and the NMOS tube is low in cost, extremely low in conducting resistance and extremely low in electric energy loss, so that the electric energy loss of the follow current circuit can be effectively reduced, the thermal effect of the follow current circuit is reduced, and the rotation stability of the motor is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of direct current motor driving, and particularly relates to a follow current circuit applied to a square wave speed regulation direct current motor.
Background
The direct current motor is widely applied in the field of electric tools, the rotating speed of the motor needs to be properly adjusted according to different working conditions, and the most common speed adjusting mode adopted at present is to adopt square wave (PWM for short) speed adjusting, namely, the on frequency of a power switch is changed through a singlechip, so that the average voltage of the motor is changed, and the rotating speed of the motor is adjusted.
Because the square wave is adopted to regulate the speed of the motor, an open circuit state exists in the working process of the motor, and the open circuit state can lead to the generation of strong induced electromotive force of a motor winding to damage electronic elements for driving the motor, such as a breakdown power switch. In order to avoid the damage of the induced electromotive force generated by the motor winding to the electronic element, the current conventional technical means is to connect the flywheel diode in parallel at two ends of the motor, and after the motor is powered off, the motor winding forms a loop through the flywheel diode, so that the induced electromotive force is gradually released through the flywheel diode and the rotation of the motor rotor.
However, the conduction resistance value of the flywheel diode is large, so that the energy consumption of the flywheel circuit formed by the flywheel diode is too high, and a large amount of electric energy loss and a large amount of heat are generated in the normal use of the speed-regulating direct-current motor, so that the economy is extremely poor and the operation safety of a system is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the technical problems that: the follow current circuit applied to the square wave speed regulation direct current motor solves the technical problems of high energy consumption and large heating value of a traditional follow current circuit.
In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: the follow current circuit applied to the square wave speed regulation direct current motor comprises a motor, a power supply anode connected to the input end of the motor, and a first NMOS tube connected to the output end of the motor, wherein the G pole of the first NMOS tube is connected with a first output terminal of a controller, the S pole of the first NMOS tube is grounded, the D pole of the first NMOS tube is connected with the output end of the motor, two ends of the motor are connected with a second NMOS tube and a capacitor in parallel, the G pole of the second NMOS tube is connected with the anode of the capacitor through a second optocoupler relay, and the control end of the second optocoupler relay is connected with the controller and controlled by the controller; the D pole of the second NMOS tube is connected with the positive pole of the power supply and the positive pole of the capacitor, the S pole is connected with the negative pole of the capacitor, and a unidirectional diode which is conducted from the positive pole of the power supply to the positive pole of the capacitor is connected between the positive pole of the capacitor and the D pole of the second NMOS tube; and the G pole of the first NMOS tube is connected with the positive pole of the power supply through a first optocoupler relay, the control end of the first optocoupler relay is electrically connected with the controller, and the controller is controlled.
As a preferable scheme, the input end of the light emitting diode of the second optocoupler relay is connected with the second output terminal of the controller, the output end of the light emitting diode of the second optocoupler relay is grounded or connected with the first output terminal of the controller, the input end of the receiving diode of the second optocoupler relay is connected with the anode of the capacitor, the output end of the receiving diode of the second optocoupler relay is connected with the cathode of the capacitor after being divided by two divider resistors, and the G electrode of the second NMOS tube is connected between the two divider resistors; the input end of the light emitting diode of the first optocoupler relay is connected with a first output terminal of the controller, the output end of the light emitting diode of the first optocoupler relay is grounded or connected with a second output terminal of the controller, the input end of the receiving diode of the first optocoupler relay is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, and the output end of the receiving diode of the first optocoupler relay is connected with the G electrode of the first NMOS tube.
As a preferable scheme, a voltage regulating resistor is connected in series between the output end of the unidirectional diode and the switch side input end of the second optocoupler relay.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the second NMOS tube is used for conducting the follow current circuit, and the NMOS tube is low in cost, extremely low in conducting resistance and extremely low in electric energy loss, so that the electric energy loss of the follow current circuit can be effectively reduced, the thermal effect of the follow current circuit is reduced, and the rotation stability of the motor is improved.
The controller and the second optocoupler relay are adopted to control the conduction of the NMOS tube, and the capacitor discharge is utilized to supply power to the G pole of the second NMOS tube in the motor off state, so that the drive voltage for driving the conduction of the follow current circuit is greatly reduced, the function of controlling the on-off of the follow current circuit through the control signal of the controller is realized, the requirement on the on-off control circuit of the follow current circuit is greatly reduced, and the circuit structure is simplified.
Drawings
The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:
fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the freewheel circuit applied to the square wave speed regulation direct current motor comprises a motor M, a power supply positive electrode b+ connected to the input end of the motor M, a first NMOS tube Q16 connected to the output end of the motor, a G electrode of the first NMOS tube Q16 connected to a first output terminal mch3# of the controller, an S electrode of the first NMOS tube Q16 connected to the ground, a D electrode of the first NMOS tube Q16 connected to the output end of the motor M, a second NMOS tube Q1 and a capacitor C1 connected in parallel to two ends of the motor M, wherein the G electrode of the second NMOS tube Q1 is connected to the positive electrode of the capacitor C1 through a second optocoupler IC2, and a control end of the second optocoupler IC2 is connected to the controller and controlled by the controller; the D pole of the second NMOS tube Q1 is connected with the positive pole B+ of the power supply and the positive pole and the S pole of the capacitor C1 are connected with the negative pole of the capacitor C1, and a unidirectional diode D2 which is conducted from the positive pole B+ of the power supply to the positive pole of the capacitor C1 is connected between the positive pole of the capacitor C1 and the D pole of the second NMOS tube Q1; the G pole of the first NMOS tube Q16 is connected with the positive pole B+ of the power supply through a first optocoupler relay IC3, the control end of the first optocoupler relay IC3 is electrically connected with the controller, and the controller is controlled.
Specifically, the input end of the light emitting diode of the second optocoupler relay IC2 is connected with the second output terminal mch3# of the controller, the output end of the light emitting diode of the second optocoupler relay IC2 is grounded or connected with the first output terminal mch5# of the controller, the input end of the receiving diode of the second optocoupler relay IC2 is connected with the positive electrode of the capacitor C1, the output end is divided by the two divider resistors R4 and R6 and then is connected with the negative electrode of the capacitor C1, and the G electrode of the second NMOS tube Q1 is connected between the two divider resistors R4 and R6; the LED input end of the first optocoupler relay IC3 is connected with a first output terminal MCU5# of the controller, the output end of the first optocoupler relay IC3 is grounded or connected with a second output terminal MCU3# of the controller, and the receiving diode input end of the first optocoupler relay IC3 is connected with a power supply positive pole B+ and the output end of the first optocoupler relay IC3 is connected with the G pole of the first NMOS tube Q16.
In this embodiment, voltage regulating resistors R20 and R3 are connected in series between the output end of the unidirectional diode D2 and the input end of the receiving diode of the second optocoupler relay IC2, and the two voltage regulating resistors are connected in parallel, and the voltage regulating resistor is used for regulating the voltage of the capacitor C1.
The working process of the utility model is as follows: as shown in fig. 1, the two controller output terminals of mch3# and mch5# respectively output complementary PMW signals, i.e., when mch3# outputs a high level, mch5# outputs a low level, and when mch3# outputs a low level, mch5# outputs a high level.
When the MCU5# outputs a high level, the first optocoupler relay IC3 is turned on, the first NMOS tube Q16 is turned on, the loop of the motor M is turned on, the motor M works normally, meanwhile, the power supply anode B+ charges the capacitor C1 until the capacitor C1 is full, at the moment, the MCU3# outputs a low level, the second optocoupler relay IC2 is turned off, and the second NMOS tube Q1 is turned off.
When the MCU5# outputs a low level, the MCU3# outputs a high level, at the moment, the first optocoupler relay IC3 is cut off, the first NMOS tube Q16 is disconnected, the second optocoupler relay IC2 is conducted to enable the capacitor C1 to form a loop, the capacitor C1 discharges to form a high level at the G pole of the second NMOS tube Q1 and drives the second NMOS tube Q1 to conduct, the anode and the cathode of the motor M are conducted, and current in the winding of the motor M returns to the input end from the output end of the motor M, so that other electronic elements are prevented from being damaged by electromotive force in the winding.
Because the on-resistance of the second NMOS tube is extremely small, when the NMCU5# outputs a low level, the electric energy loss in the follow current circuit is also extremely small, the heating value is also small, the motor rotation speed reduction proportion is also small, and after the NMCU5# resumes to output a high level, the motor rotation speed can be quickly recovered to be normal, so that the rotation stability of the motor is higher.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present utility model, and some of the applied embodiments, and are not intended to limit the utility model; it should be noted that modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept, and these are all within the scope of the present utility model.
Claims (3)
1. The follow current circuit applied to the square wave speed regulation direct current motor comprises a motor, a power supply anode connected to the input end of the motor, and a first NMOS tube connected to the output end of the motor, wherein the G pole of the first NMOS tube is connected with a first output terminal of a controller, the S pole of the first NMOS tube is grounded, and the D pole of the first NMOS tube is connected with the output end of the motor; the D pole of the second NMOS tube is connected with the positive pole of the power supply and the positive pole of the capacitor, the S pole is connected with the negative pole of the capacitor, and a unidirectional diode which is conducted from the positive pole of the power supply to the positive pole of the capacitor is connected between the positive pole of the capacitor and the D pole of the second NMOS tube; and the G pole of the first NMOS tube is connected with the positive pole of the power supply through a first optocoupler relay, the control end of the first optocoupler relay is electrically connected with the controller, and the controller is controlled.
2. The follow current circuit applied to the square wave speed regulation direct current motor according to claim 1, wherein the input end of the light emitting diode of the second optocoupler relay is connected with the second output terminal of the controller, the output end of the light emitting diode of the second optocoupler relay is grounded or connected with the first output terminal of the controller, the input end of the receiving diode of the second optocoupler relay is connected with the anode of the capacitor, the output end of the receiving diode of the second optocoupler relay is connected with the cathode of the capacitor after being divided by two divider resistors, and the G electrode of the second NMOS tube is connected between the two divider resistors; the input end of the light emitting diode of the first optocoupler relay is connected with a first output terminal of the controller, the output end of the light emitting diode of the first optocoupler relay is grounded or connected with a second output terminal of the controller, the input end of the receiving diode of the first optocoupler relay is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, and the output end of the receiving diode of the first optocoupler relay is connected with the G electrode of the first NMOS tube.
3. The freewheel circuit for a square wave speed regulating direct current motor according to claim 1 characterized in that a voltage regulating resistor is connected in series between the output end of the unidirectional diode and the switch-side input end of the second optocoupler relay.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322356902.6U CN220754678U (en) | 2023-08-31 | 2023-08-31 | Follow current circuit applied to square wave speed-regulating direct current motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322356902.6U CN220754678U (en) | 2023-08-31 | 2023-08-31 | Follow current circuit applied to square wave speed-regulating direct current motor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN220754678U true CN220754678U (en) | 2024-04-09 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322356902.6U Active CN220754678U (en) | 2023-08-31 | 2023-08-31 | Follow current circuit applied to square wave speed-regulating direct current motor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN220754678U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-08-31 CN CN202322356902.6U patent/CN220754678U/en active Active
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