CN220753489U - Manufacturing equipment of fuel cell CCM (continuous membrane) membrane - Google Patents
Manufacturing equipment of fuel cell CCM (continuous membrane) membrane Download PDFInfo
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- CN220753489U CN220753489U CN202222778165.4U CN202222778165U CN220753489U CN 220753489 U CN220753489 U CN 220753489U CN 202222778165 U CN202222778165 U CN 202222778165U CN 220753489 U CN220753489 U CN 220753489U
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 153
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims 13
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 7
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002975 chemoattractant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The utility model relates to a manufacturing device of a CCM (continuous membrane composite) membrane of a fuel cell, which comprises a hot press welder and a box body, wherein an unreeling component, a membrane stripping component, a spraying component, a drying component, a deviation correcting component and a detecting component are arranged in the box body; the technical scheme ensures continuous and efficient production of the CCM, prevents the problem of shrinkage and wrinkling in the process of manufacturing the CCM, and simultaneously adopts an advanced inspection technology to discover the quality of the membrane in the process of production in time, thereby improving the quality of the CCM membrane.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of new energy, in particular to a manufacturing process and equipment of equipment used for new energy, in particular to a manufacturing process and main equipment of a CCM (continuous membrane) membrane in a fuel cell, which are particularly suitable for preparing a catalyst layer on the surface of a proton exchange membrane with a double-sided protection membrane.
Background
Fuel cell technology is a multi-disciplinary, cross integrated technology, which is a device capable of directly converting chemical energy into electric energy, representing the development direction of clean energy, and has risen to the national energy strategy. The membrane electrode in the fuel cell is the "chip" of the fuel cell, and is also a link with the highest technical content in the whole system. The membrane electrode of the fuel cell "chip" is made of proton exchange membrane, catalyst and gas diffusion layer (carbon cloth), etc., while the manufacture of proton exchange membrane (CCM) with composite anode and cathode catalyst is the key of the whole membrane electrode.
Since CCM is in the center and core positions in the overall membrane electrode structure, its performance is directly determinative of the efficiency and stability of the stack. The proton exchange membrane used in the current fuel cell field mainly comprises a perfluorinated sulfonic acid membrane, and the membrane has the advantages of good ion conduction capacity, stable chemical property, low gas permeability and certain mechanical strength. In order to increase the volume power of the galvanic pile, the thickness of the proton exchange membrane tends to be developed in a thinner direction so as to obtain better electrochemical performance, but the problem caused by the thickness reduction is that the mechanical strength is further reduced, which brings new difficulty to the manufacture of the CCM thin. When the proton exchange membrane is coated with the catalyst layer, the proton exchange membrane is swelled and deformed due to the solvent in the catalyst, so that the shape and uniformity of the CCM are affected, the assembly of the electrodes such as a gas diffusion layer, a gas sealing layer and the like are difficult to be pressed subsequently, and the efficiency and the yield of the membrane electrode are greatly reduced.
In order to reduce the deformation of proton exchange membrane when coating catalyst, chinese patent CN101463487a proposes to place a solid polymer membrane on a vacuum heating plate, and to make the membrane cling to the surface of the plate by means of vacuumizing, so that the proton exchange membrane cannot deform, and the deformation of the membrane is reduced while the binding force of the catalyst layer and the membrane is effectively improved. The method is a mainstream technology for preparing the current monolithic CCM, but the method has long manufacturing period and low manufacturing efficiency, and cannot meet the industrialized application. The main stream technology for producing CCM film at present adopts a roll-to-roll method, namely, the coiled proton exchange film is uncoiled and coated with anode catalyst on one side, and then is solidified and coated with cathode catalyst on the other side, and the coiled film is solidified, thereby greatly improving the production efficiency and quality. Chinese patent CN110265673A proposes a roll-to-roll manufacturing process, in which after a proton exchange membrane is unreeled by an unreeling mechanism, a first catalytic layer is coated on an A surface, the coated proton exchange membrane enters a first baking oven after the coating is finished, and after the coating on a B surface is finished, because the proton exchange membrane after the catalyst is coated is continuously moved, the baking oven adopting a fixed mode is difficult to fix the proton exchange membrane, and the proton exchange membrane is difficult to be ensured not to deform in the curing process. In the aspect of CCM membrane detection, patent CN210347486U proposes a membrane electrode defect online detection device, which adopts a combination of an image acquisition device and a laser range finder, the laser range finder is used for measuring the distance of the whole width direction of the membrane electrode, and the quality of the membrane surface is detected by an image vision system, and the thickness of the membrane and the catalyst layer is very thin, so that the sensitivity of the vision system is affected, and therefore, the device can only be used for online detection of the membrane electrode defect, and the detection of the CCM catalyst layer defect is difficult to meet.
In summary, in the aspect of the current CCM membrane manufacturing, no real continuous roll-to-roll equipment is realized in China, and the automatic manufacturing level of the membrane electrode is restricted. Therefore, the CCM manufacturing equipment capable of continuously winding to winding is developed, the deformation of the proton exchange membrane in the coating process is reduced to the maximum extent, and the improvement of the quality of the CCM is of great significance to the development of the whole fuel cell industry.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the current situation of the CCM membrane manufacturing technology of the fuel cell in China, the utility model provides a continuous and efficient CCM membrane manufacturing method, the core of the technology is to ensure continuous and efficient production of the CCM, simultaneously prevent the problem of shrinkage and wrinkling in the CCM manufacturing process, and simultaneously adopt an advanced inspection technology to discover the membrane quality in the production process in time, so that the quality of the CCM membrane is improved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical proposal of the utility model is as follows, the manufacturing equipment of the CCM membrane of the fuel cell comprises a hot press welder and a box body, wherein an unreeling component, a membrane stripping and covering component, a spraying component, a drying component, a deviation rectifying component and a detecting component are arranged in the box body,
the unreeling assembly comprises a hot press welder, an inlet pinch roll, and the rotation speed of the inlet pinch roll determines the production speed.
The film stripping assembly and the film covering assembly comprise an upper protective film stripping roller, a lower protective film stripping roller and an upper protective film covering roller; the spraying assembly comprises an upper narrow slit nozzle and a lower narrow slit nozzle, and the spraying quantity is controlled by adjusting the width of the narrow slit;
the drying assembly comprises an upper drying roller, an upper hot air nozzle, an upper drying box, a lower drying roller, a lower hot air nozzle and a lower drying box, and the vacuum inside the drying box prevents the deformation of the film;
the deviation correcting component comprises a deviation correcting roller, the deviation correcting roller consists of a flat roller and a convexity roller, the convexity roller can move back and forth, and the deviation correcting device is interlocked with the detection mechanism;
the detection component comprises an upper surface detector and a lower surface detector and is used for detecting the thickness of the catalyst layer on the membrane and the position of the membrane; after entering the box body, the proton exchange membrane roll sequentially passes through an inlet pinch roll, an upper protective film stripping roll, an upper narrow slit nozzle, an upper drying roll, a hot air nozzle, an upper drying oven, a detector, a lower protective film stripping roll, an upper protective film, a deviation correcting roll, a lower narrow slit nozzle, a lower drying roll, a lower hot air nozzle, a lower drying oven, a lower surface detector, a lower protective film and an outlet pinch roll to complete CCM membrane preparation.
As an improvement of the utility model, the upper/lower drying roller comprises a tetrafluoro film, a hard tetrafluoro frame, a drying roller body, drying roller micropores, a first electric heating belt, an electric brush and a vacuum interface, wherein the drying roller micropores are formed on the outer surface of the drying roller body, the first electric heating belt is arranged in the drying roller body, the hard tetrafluoro frame is arranged at the position, which is not contacted with the CCM film, on the drying roller body, the tetrafluoro film is arranged on the hard tetrafluoro frame, and the electric brush and the vacuum interface are arranged at the end part of the hard tetrafluoro frame.
In the scheme, the unreeling speed is controlled by a pair of entrance pinch rolls, one of the pair of unreeling rolls is fixed, the other unreeling roll can move up and down, a fixed roll belt is a driving roll and is driven by a variable frequency motor, the pressure between the rolls is regulated by air cylinders on the pair of rolls, the downward pressure of the rolls is 150-500N, the diameter of the working section of the rolls is phi 50mm, and the surface material is polyurethane with the hardness of 80-85A.
As an improvement of the utility model, the protection film on the upper surface of the proton exchange membrane is realized by an upper protection film stripping roller 4, the upper protection film stripping roller consists of a pair of rollers lined with polyurethane by steel rollers, the roller wound with the protection film is a driving roller, the roller rotates in a distance mode, and the rotation linear speed of the roller is ensured to be consistent with the movement speed of the membrane through a variable frequency motor.
As an improvement of the utility model, the upper narrow slot nozzle is a flat nozzle, the pressure inside the nozzle is kept at 0.1-0.3Mpa, the gap width of the nozzle is 0.05-0.1mm, the nozzle is provided with an opening and closing device, and the injection quantity is regulated according to the catalyst quantity on the surface of the CCM film and the production speed by the pressure. The upper narrow slit nozzle 5 and the lower narrow slit nozzle 14 have the same structure.
As an improvement of the utility model, the upper drying roller is a cylindrical roller, the diameter phi D of the roller is 600-1000mm, the inside of the roller is hollow, electromagnetic heating or electric heating belt is adopted for heating, the temperature of the surface of the roller is kept at 70-120 ℃, through holes with the diameter of 10-20 mu m are formed in the surface of the roller, the distance between the holes is not more than 5mm, the upper drying roller is a driving roller, the rotating speed is controlled by a variable frequency motor, the linear speed in the rotating process is consistent with the moving speed V of the film, the roller is connected with a vacuum system, and the absolute pressure in the roller is kept in the range of 2000-5000 Pa.
As an improvement of the utility model, the part of the drying roller which is not contacted with the proton exchange membrane is sealed by a tetrafluoro film, wherein the hard tetrafluoro frame is adopted, the tetrafluoro film outside the air bag is made of hard PTFE, the part contacted with the roller, namely the hard tetrafluoro frame, is soft PTFE, and micropores on the roller transmit the adsorption force of a vacuum system to adsorb the soft PTFE on the surface of the roller, so that the roller is kept sealed with the outside. The total height of the sealing structure is consistent with the height of the roller, and the lower part of the sealing structure is provided with a sharp angle structure, so that the proton exchange membrane is conveniently separated from the vacuum drying roller.
As an improvement of the utility model, the upper hot air nozzle and the lower hot air nozzle are both flat nozzles, the length of the nozzles is equal to the width of the drying roller, the blowing speed of hot air blown out by the nozzles is between 2 and 5m/s, and the temperature of the hot air is between 50 and 80 ℃.
As an improvement of the utility model, the upper and lower drying boxes are both arranged as thermostated boxes, the temperature in the box body is 50-80 ℃, the box body is heated by adopting a second electric heating belt, the second electric heating belt is arranged below the guide plates 3-4, a call port of DN50 is arranged above the box body and is connected with the outside of the box body, a copper guide plate is arranged below the proton exchange membrane, a second electric heating belt with temperature control is arranged below the copper guide plate, and the total power of the second electric heating belt is 5-10 kW.
As an improvement of the utility model, the detection assembly consists of a group of lasers, namely an upper surface detector and a lower surface detector; and detecting the thickness of the film coated with the catalyst by line laser and determining the quality of the coating film and the position of the film according to the thickness change rule of the film. The catalyst is normally detected as a straight line (or diagonal line), and the deviation of the measured data from the straight line is the severity of the defect.
As an improvement of the utility model, the upper protective film and the lower protective film are used for coating a protective film on the surface of the prepared catalyst layer, the film coating roller is a passive roller, the roller has certain damping, the roller is driven to rotate by the film, the film is made of PE material, the film thickness is 0.01-0.05mm, and the width of the protective film is consistent with that of the proton exchange film.
As an improvement of the utility model, the deviation correcting roller 12 device consists of two rollers, one of which is a flat roller and the other is a convexity roller, the convexity roller can move back and forth, and the moving distance is determined according to the detected offset center line of the proton exchange membrane.
A method for manufacturing a CCM membrane of a fuel cell comprises the following specific steps:
preparation of a certain CCM electrode membrane, wherein the proton exchange membrane is a Nafion membrane with double-sided protection membrane, the catalyst slurry consists of 30% Pt/C+70% isopropanol, and the loading capacity of the prepared catalyst is required to be 0.2-0.3mg/cm 2 The preparation speed is 2m/min, and the specific implementation scheme of the technology adopting the patent is as follows:
step 1: the coiled proton exchange membrane is firstly discharged in the whole system manually by a manual method after being uncoiled, the movable doors of each manual operation on the device are closed until the coiled position of the CCM membrane, the sealing performance of the moving part of the system is ensured, an air draft, detection and heating system in the system is started,
step 2: according to the speed of film making of 1-10m/min, the roller diameter of the pinch roller is 50mm, the rotating speed of the pinch roller is determined to be 65-750rpm, the servo motor forwards conveys the proton exchange film according to the speed, and the protective film on the upper surface of the film is peeled by the upper protective film peeling roller and then enters a spraying area;
step 3: according to the amount of catalyst on the CCM membrane, the stable feed pressure of the slurry feeding system of the narrow slot nozzle (5) is selected to be 0.15MPa under the condition that the moving speed of the membrane is 1-10 m/min;
step 4: the proton exchange membrane after the catalyst is sprayed enters an upper drying roller for drying, the structure of the drying roller is adopted, the inside of the drying roller adopts an electromagnetic heating mode, the temperature of the surface of the roller is 80+/-5 ℃, the absolute pressure inside the roller is kept at 3000-5000Pa, the diameter of the drying roller is 800mm, and the rotating speed of the drying roller is set to be 0.8-8rpm;
step 5: two groups of slit type hot air nozzles are arranged outside the drying roller, the blowing speed of the hot air blowing nozzle is between 4m/s, and the temperature of hot air is set to be 60 ℃;
step 6: the film dried by the drying roller enters a drying box, the drying box adopts an electric heating belt to heat a guide plate, and the surface temperature of the guide plate is 75 ℃;
step 7: the film coated with the surface catalyst detects the thickness of the catalyst on the film, the uniformity of the catalyst, the area of the catalyst and the position of the film away from the center of the system through a detector, the control system transmits the position to a correction roller system, the deviation of the center line of the film is in the range of 0.2mm after the correction roller corrects the deviation,
step 8: the coating process parameters and the control method of the lower surface are the same as those of the upper surface, the steps 3 to 7 are repeated, the coating of the lower surface is completed,
step 9: the interior of the coating device is connected with an exhaust gas treatment system, the absolute pressure in the device is determined to be 5000Pa according to the volatilization amount of the solvent in the catalyst, and the exhaust gas pumped by the exhaust system is introduced into the exhaust gas treatment system and discharged after reaching the standard.
The CCM membrane produced by the process has flat surface, no wrinkling phenomenon, surface catalyst amount, and the catalyst amount is measured to be 0.238mg/cm in average value 2 The position deviation of the upper and lower surface catalyst layers is less than 0.2 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages that 1) for CCM, the membrane does not generate wrinkles, the amount of catalyst on the membrane is uniform, and no defect is an important index. The CCM manufacturing device and the CCM manufacturing method provided by the patent ensure that the spraying of the catalyst slurry is uniform, the sprayed membrane is solidified under the condition of sectional adsorption, a uniform and defect-free catalyst layer can be obtained, and meanwhile, the membrane is enabled not to generate wrinkles. The state of the catalyst on the membrane can be accurately detected by adopting a line laser test technology, and the deviation correction control is performed under the test of the detection result, so that the position deviation of the catalyst on the upper surface and the lower surface is ensured to be less than 0.5 mm. The device adopts PLC control, can automatically set the running state of each moving part in the system according to the requirements of CCM, and can realize full-automatic running of the system and continuous production of the roll-to-roll CCM;
2) The whole spraying, drying and detecting system is integrated in a sealed box body, a plurality of operation ports are formed in the position, needing manual interference, of the sealed box, the operation ports are closed during normal production, an exhaust port is formed in the sealed box, the inside of the box body is in a negative pressure state during normal production, and the absolute pressure in the box body is kept between 5000Pa and 8000 Pa;
3) The negative pressure in the box body is realized through an air suction system, the air suction system adopts a variable frequency motor, the pressure in the box body is kept constant, the exhaust gas pumped by the air suction system is introduced into a tail gas treatment system, and the tail gas is discharged after reaching the standard through treatment. Parameters such as temperature, speed, rotating speed and the like in the system are automatically controlled by a PLC according to the production speed, so that full-automatic operation is realized, all production data are stored in a computer, and the defect properties, sizes and positions on the prepared CCM film are also stored in the computer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the manufacturing process of the utility model;
FIGS. 2-1 and 2-2 are schematic diagrams of structures of drying rolls;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a box structure;
fig. 4-1 and fig. 4-2 are schematic diagrams of laser detection.
In the figure: 1 proton exchange membrane roll; 2, a hot press welder; 3, entering pinch rolls; 4, a protective film stripping roller is arranged on the upper surface of the roller; 5 narrow slit nozzle; 6, drying the roller; 7, a hot air nozzle is arranged; 8, drying the dried product in a drying oven; 9 upper surface detector; 10, a protective film stripping roller; 11, a protective film is arranged on the substrate; 12, correcting a deviation roller; 13 tension rolls; a narrow slot nozzle under 14; 15 lower drying rolls; a 16-lower hot air nozzle; 17 lower drying boxes; 18 a lower surface detector; 19 a lower protective film; 20 outlet pinch rolls; 21 outlet scissors; 22CCM volume; 23 total boxes; 24 exhaust openings, 2-1 tetrafluoro film; 2-2 hard tetrafluoro frames; 2-3 cylinders; 2-4 drying roller micropores; 2-5 first electric heating strips; 2-6 brushes; 2-7 vacuum interfaces, 3-1 box bodies; 3-2 proton exchange membrane; 3-3 breathing ports; 3-4 copper guide plates; 3-5 second electric heating belt, 41, laser, 42, laser line, 43, catalyst layer.
Detailed Description
In order to enhance the understanding of the present utility model, the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1: referring to fig. 1, a manufacturing device of a fuel cell CCM membrane comprises a hot press welder 2 and a main box 23, wherein an unreeling component, a membrane stripping component, a spraying component, a drying component, a deviation rectifying component and a detecting component are arranged in the box, the unreeling component comprises an inlet pinch roll 3,
the film stripping assembly comprises an upper protective film stripping roller 4 and a lower protective film stripping roller 10;
the spray assembly comprises an upper narrow slot nozzle 5 and a lower narrow slot nozzle 14;
the drying assembly comprises an upper drying roller 6, an upper hot air nozzle 7, an upper drying box 8, a lower drying roller 15, a lower hot air nozzle 16 and a lower drying box 17; the deviation correcting assembly comprises a deviation correcting roller 12, and the detecting assembly comprises an upper surface detector 9 and a lower surface detector 18;
after entering the box 23, the proton exchange membrane roll 1 passes through the inlet pinch roll 3, the upper protective film stripping roll 4, the upper narrow slit nozzle 5, the upper drying roll 6, the hot air nozzle 7, the upper drying box 8, the detector 9, the lower protective film stripping roll 10, the upper protective film 11, the deviation correcting roll 12, the lower narrow slit nozzle 14, the lower drying roll 15, the lower hot air nozzle 16, the lower drying box 17, the lower surface detector 18, the lower protective film 19 and the outlet pinch roll 20 in sequence, and the CCM membrane preparation is completed.
The upper/lower drying roller comprises a tetrafluoro film 2-1, a hard tetrafluoro frame 2-2, a drying roller body 2-3, a drying roller micropore 2-4, a first electric heating belt 2-5, an electric brush 2-6 and a vacuum interface 2-7, wherein the outer surface of the drying roller body 2-3 is provided with the drying roller micropore 2-4, the first electric heating belt 2-5 in the drying roller body 2-3 is arranged at the position, which is not contacted with the CCM film, of the drying roller body 2-3, the hard tetrafluoro frame 2-2 is provided with the tetrafluoro film 2-1, and the end part of the hard tetrafluoro frame 2-2 is provided with the electric brush 2-6 and the vacuum interface 2-7.
In the scheme, the unreeling speed is controlled by a pair of entrance pinch rolls 3, one of the pair of unreeling rolls is fixed, the other unreeling roll can move up and down, a fixed roll belt is a driving roll and is driven by a variable frequency motor, the pressure between the rolls is regulated by air cylinders on the pair of rolls, the downward pressure of the rolls is 150-500N, the diameter of the working section of the rolls is phi 50mm, and the surface material is polyurethane with the hardness of 80-85A.
The protection film on the upper surface of the proton exchange membrane is realized by an upper protection film stripping roller 4, the upper protection film stripping roller consists of a pair of rollers lined with polyurethane by steel rollers, the roller wound with the protection film is a driving roller, the roller rotates in a distance mode, and the rotation linear speed of the roller is ensured to be consistent with the movement speed of the membrane through a variable frequency motor.
The upper narrow slot nozzle is a flat nozzle, the pressure inside the nozzle is kept at 0.1-0.3Mpa, the gap width of the nozzle is 0.05-0.1mm, the nozzle is provided with an opening and closing device, and the injection quantity is regulated according to the catalyst quantity on the surface of the CCM membrane and the production speed. The upper narrow slit nozzle 5 and the lower narrow slit nozzle 14 have the same structure.
The upper drying roller is a cylindrical roller with the diameter phi D=600-1000 mm, the inside of the roller is hollow, electromagnetic heating or electric heating belts are used for heating, the temperature of the surface of the roller is kept at 70-120 ℃, through holes with the diameter of 10-20 mu m are formed in the surface of the roller, the distance between the holes is not more than 5mm, the upper drying roller is a driving roller, the rotating speed is controlled by a variable frequency motor, the linear speed in the rotating process is consistent with the moving speed V of a film, the roller is connected with a vacuum system, and the absolute pressure in the roller is kept in the range of 2000-5000 Pa.
The part of the drying roller which is not contacted with the proton exchange membrane is sealed by a tetrafluoro film 2-1, wherein the hard tetrafluoro frame 2-2 is adopted, the tetrafluoro film 2-1 outside the air bag is made of hard PTFE, the part contacted with the roller, namely the hard tetrafluoro frame 2-2, adopts soft PTFE, micropores on the roller transmit the adsorption force of a vacuum system to adsorb the soft PTFE on the surface of the roller, and the soft PTFE is kept sealed with the outside. The total height of the sealing structure is consistent with the height of the roller, and the lower part of the sealing structure is provided with a sharp angle structure, so that the proton exchange membrane is conveniently separated from the vacuum drying roller.
The upper and lower hot air nozzles are respectively provided with a flat nozzle, the length of the nozzle is equal to the width of the drying roller, the blowing speed of hot air blown out by the nozzle is between 2 and 5m/s, and the temperature of the hot air is between 50 and 80 ℃.
The upper drying box and the lower drying box are both arranged as thermostated containers, the temperature in the box body 3-1 is 50-80 ℃, the second electric heating belt 3-5 is adopted in the box body for heating, the second electric heating belt is arranged below the guide plate 3-4, the breathing port 3-3 of DN50 is arranged above the box body and is connected with the outside of the box body, the copper guide plate is arranged below the proton exchange membrane, the second electric heating belt with temperature control is arranged below the copper guide plate, and the total power of the second electric heating belt is between 5 kW and 10 kW. (see FIG. 3)
The detection assembly consists of a group of lasers, namely an upper surface detector 9 and a lower surface detector 18; and detecting the thickness of the film coated with the catalyst by line laser and determining the quality of the coating film and the position of the film according to the thickness change rule of the film. The film quality test results are schematically shown in FIGS. 4-1 and 4-2. The catalyst is normally detected as a straight line (or diagonal line), and the deviation of the measured data from the straight line is the severity of the defect.
The upper protective film (11) and the lower protective film (19) are used for covering a layer of protective film on the surface of the prepared catalyst layer, the film covering roller is a driven roller, the roller has certain damping, the roller is driven to rotate by the film, the film is made of PE material, the film thickness is 0.01-0.05mm, and the width of the protective film is consistent with that of the proton exchange film.
The deviation correcting roller 12 consists of two rollers, one of which is a flat roller and the other is a convexity roller, the convexity roller can move back and forth, and the moving distance is determined according to the detected amount of the deviation center line of the proton exchange membrane.
Referring to fig. 1, after the rolled proton exchange membrane roll 1 is unwound, the front rolled membrane and the subsequent membrane can be fusion welded by a thermal fusion machine 2 according to the need. The membrane enters a sealed CCM manufacturing box 23, the membrane is firstly conveyed forwards at a certain speed n (m/min) through a pinch roll 3 with the rotation speed controlled, the protective film on the upper surface of the membrane is peeled off through an upper protective film peeling roll 4, anode catalyst slurry is uniformly sprayed onto the surface of the membrane through an upper narrow slit nozzle 5 at a certain flow according to the moving speed of the membrane and the thickness requirement of the catalyst layer, the slit width of the narrow slit nozzle is fixed, and the thickness requirement of the catalyst layer is met by changing the spraying pressure of a spraying system. The film sprayed with the catalyst rapidly enters an upper drying roller 6 with a large number of micropores on the surface for drying, the structure of the drying roller is shown in figures 2-1 and 2-2, a heating device is arranged in the drying roller, the surface temperature is kept at 70-120 ℃, the absolute pressure in the roller is kept between 2000 Pa and 5000Pa, the film is tightly adsorbed on the surface of the roller through the micropores in the vacuum degree, the shrinkage deformation of the film in the catalyst curing process is prevented, the drying roller is a driving roller, and the rotating speed is matched with the rotating speed of an inlet pinch roller. In order to accelerate the drying of the catalyst on the film, the outer edge of the roller is provided with a hot air nozzle 7, the blowing speed of the hot air nozzle is between 2 and 5m/s, in order to improve the drying effect, the outlet of the roller is provided with a drying box 8, the temperature in the drying box is between 50 and 80 ℃, and the baffle is heated by an electric heating belt, and the structure is shown in figure 3. The dried film coated with anode catalyst is detected by an upper surface detector 9, the thickness of the catalyst on the film, the uniformity of the catalyst, the area of the catalyst and the position of the film from the center of the system are transmitted to a correction roller 12 by a control system, the position of the film is corrected by the correction roller, the lower surface protective film on the surface of the film is stripped by a lower protective film stripping roller 10 before correction, and a layer of protective film is coated on the surface of the anode catalyst by an upper protective film 11. And then the film enters a nozzle (14) of the cathode catalyst slurry on the lower surface, a lower drying roller (15), a lower hot air nozzle (16) and a lower drying box (17) are dried, and an upper protective film and a lower protective film (19) are covered after passing through a lower surface detector (18) and are coiled to obtain a CCM film roll (22). The whole spraying, drying and detecting system is assembled in a sealed box body (23), the sealed box body is provided with an exhaust port (24), the exhaust gas treatment system is connected, the exhaust gas treatment system is provided with a variable-frequency speed regulation function, the absolute pressure in the box body is kept between 5000Pa and 8000Pa, and the extracted waste gas is introduced into the exhaust gas treatment system and discharged after reaching the standard.
Example 2: a method for manufacturing a CCM membrane of a fuel cell comprises the following specific steps:
preparation of a certain CCM electrode membrane, wherein the proton exchange membrane is a Nafion membrane with double-sided protection membrane, the catalyst slurry consists of 30% Pt/C+70% isopropanol, and the loading capacity of the prepared catalyst is required to be 0.2-0.3mg/cm 2 The preparation speed is 2m/min, and the specific implementation scheme of the technology adopting the patent is as follows:
step 1: the coiled proton exchange membrane is firstly discharged in the whole system manually by a manual method after being uncoiled, the movable doors of each manual operation on the device are closed until the coiled position of the CCM membrane, the sealing performance of the moving part of the system is ensured, an air draft, detection and heating system in the system is started,
step 2: according to the speed of film making of 1-10m/min, the roller diameter of a pinch roller (3) is 50mm, the rotating speed of the pinch roller is determined to be 65-750rpm, a servo motor forwards conveys a proton exchange film according to the speed, and a protective film on the upper surface of the film is peeled by an upper protective film peeling roller (4) and then enters a spraying area;
step 3: according to the amount of catalyst on the CCM membrane, the stable feed pressure of the slurry feeding system of the narrow slot nozzle (5) is selected to be 0.15MPa under the condition that the moving speed of the membrane is 1-10 m/min;
step 4: the proton exchange membrane after the catalyst is sprayed enters an upper drying roller (6) for drying, the structure of the drying roller is adopted, the inside of the drying roller adopts an electromagnetic heating mode, the temperature of the surface of the roller is 80+/-5 ℃, the absolute pressure inside the roller is kept at 3000-5000Pa, the diameter of the drying roller is 800mm, and the rotating speed of the drying roller is set to be 0.8-8rpm;
step 5: two groups of slit type hot air nozzles are arranged outside the drying roller, the blowing speed of the hot air blowing nozzle is between 4m/s, and the temperature of hot air is set to be 60 ℃;
step 6: the film dried by the drying roller enters a drying box, the drying box adopts an electric heating belt to heat a guide plate, and the surface temperature of the guide plate is 75 ℃;
step 7: the film coated with the surface catalyst detects the thickness of the catalyst on the film, the uniformity of the catalyst, the area of the catalyst and the position of the film away from the center of the system through a detector, the control system transmits the position to a correction roller system, the deviation of the center line of the film is in the range of 0.2mm after the correction roller corrects the deviation,
step 8: the coating process parameters and the control method of the lower surface are the same as those of the upper surface, the steps 3-7 are repeated, and the coating of the lower surface is completed.
Step 9: the interior of the coating device is connected with an exhaust gas treatment system, the absolute pressure in the device is determined to be 5000Pa according to the volatilization amount of the solvent in the catalyst, and the exhaust gas pumped by the exhaust system is introduced into the exhaust gas treatment system and discharged after reaching the standard.
The CCM membrane produced by the process has flat surface, no wrinkling phenomenon, surface catalyst amount, and the catalyst amount is measured to be 0.238mg/cm in average value 2 The position deviation of the upper and lower surface catalyst layers is less than 0.2 mm.
Example 3:
preparation of a certain CCM electrode membrane, wherein the proton exchange membrane is a Nafion membrane with double-sided protection membrane, the catalyst slurry consists of 40% Pt/C+60% propanol, and the loading capacity of the prepared catalyst is required to be 0.4-0.5mg/cm 2 The preparation speed is 2m/min, and the specific implementation scheme of the technology adopting the patent is as follows:
and 1, after the coiled proton exchange membrane is uncoiled, firstly, manually discharging the proton exchange membrane in the whole system by a manual method, and closing each manually operated movable door on the device until the coiled position of the CCM membrane, so that the sealing performance of the moving part of the system is ensured, and starting an air draft, detection and heating system in the system.
2 according to the film-making speed of 2m/min, the roller diameter of the pinch roller (3) is 50mm, the rotating speed of the pinch roller is determined to be 125rpm, the servo motor forwards conveys the proton exchange film according to the speed, and the protective film on the upper surface of the film is peeled by the upper protective film peeling roller (4) and then enters a spraying area.
3 depending on the amount of catalyst on the CCM membrane, the steady feed pressure of the narrow slot nozzle (5) feed slurry system was chosen to be 0.25MPa at a membrane movement speed of 2 m/min.
4, the proton exchange membrane after the catalyst is sprayed enters an upper drying roller (6) for drying, the structure of the drying roller is adopted, the inside of the drying roller adopts an electromagnetic heating mode, the temperature of the surface of the roller is 95+/-5 ℃, the absolute pressure inside the roller is kept at 3000Pa, the diameter of the drying roller is 800mm, and the rotating speed of the drying roller is set to be 1.59rpm.
And 5, arranging two groups of slit type hot air nozzles outside the drying roller, wherein the blowing speed of the hot air blowing nozzle is between 4m/s, and the temperature of hot air is set to be 60 ℃.
6, the film dried by the drying roller enters a drying box, the drying box adopts an electric heating belt to heat the guide plate, and the surface temperature of the guide plate is 75 ℃.
7 the film coated with the upper surface catalyst detects the thickness of the catalyst on the film, the uniformity of the catalyst, the area of the catalyst and the position of the film away from the center of the system through a detector, and the control system transmits the position to a correction roller system, so that the deviation between the film and the center line is in the range of 0.2mm after the correction roller corrects the deviation.
8 the coating process parameters and control method of the lower surface are the same as those of the upper surface.
9 the interior of the coating device is connected with an exhaust gas treatment system, the absolute pressure in the device is determined to be 5000Pa according to the volatilization amount of the solvent in the catalyst, and the exhaust gas pumped by the exhaust system is introduced into the exhaust gas treatment system and discharged after reaching the standard.
The CCM membrane produced by the process has flat surface, no wrinkling phenomenon, and surface catalyst amount, which is the phenomenon of peeling and falling off, and is catalyticThe amount of the chemoattractant was found to be 0.413mg/cm on average 2 The position deviation of the upper and lower surface catalyst layers is less than 0.2 mm.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model, and equivalent changes or substitutions made on the basis of the above-mentioned technical solutions fall within the scope of the present utility model as defined in the claims.
Claims (11)
1. A manufacturing device of a CCM membrane of a fuel cell is characterized by comprising a hot press welder (2) and a main box body (23), wherein an unreeling component, a membrane stripping component, a spraying component, a drying component, a deviation rectifying component and a detecting component are arranged in the main box body,
the unwind assembly comprises an entry pinch roll (3),
the film stripping assembly comprises an upper protective film stripping roller (4) and a lower protective film stripping roller (10);
the spraying assembly comprises an upper narrow slit nozzle (5) and a lower narrow slit nozzle (14);
the drying assembly comprises an upper drying roller (6), an upper hot air nozzle (7), an upper drying box (8), a lower drying roller (15), a lower hot air nozzle (16) and a lower drying box (17);
the deviation rectifying component comprises a deviation rectifying roller (12),
the detection assembly comprises an upper surface detector (9) and a lower surface detector (18);
after entering a main box body (23), the proton exchange membrane roll (1) sequentially passes through an inlet pinch roll (3), an upper protective film stripping roll (4), an upper narrow slit nozzle (5), an upper drying roll (6), an upper hot air nozzle (7), an upper drying box (8), an upper surface detector (9), a lower protective film stripping roll (10), an upper protective film (11), a deviation correcting roll (12), a lower narrow slit nozzle (14), a lower drying roll (15), a lower hot air nozzle (16), a lower drying box (17), a lower surface detector (18), a lower protective film (19) and an outlet pinch roll (20), so that CCM membrane preparation is completed.
2. The manufacturing device of the CCM membrane of the fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the upper/lower drying roller comprises a tetrafluoro membrane (2-1), a hard tetrafluoro frame (2-2), a drying roller body (2-3), a drying roller micropore (2-4), a first electric heating belt (2-5), an electric brush (2-6) and a vacuum interface (2-7), the drying roller micropore (2-4) is opened on the outer surface of the drying roller body (2-3), the first electric heating belt (2-5) is arranged in the drying roller body (2-3), a hard tetrafluoro frame (2-2) is arranged at a position, which is not contacted with the CCM membrane, on the drying roller body (2-3), the tetrafluoro membrane (2-1) is arranged on the hard tetrafluoro frame (2-2), and the electric brush (2-6) and the vacuum interface (2-7) are arranged at the end part of the hard tetrafluoro frame (2-2).
3. The apparatus for producing a CCM membrane for a fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein the protective membrane on the upper surface of the proton exchange membrane is realized by an upper protective membrane peeling roller (4) composed of a pair of rollers lined with polyurethane with steel rollers, the roller wound with the protective membrane is a driving roller, the rotation of the roller adopts a distance mode, and the rotation linear velocity thereof is ensured to be consistent with the movement velocity of the membrane by a variable frequency motor.
4. The apparatus for producing a CCM membrane for a fuel cell according to claim 3, wherein the upper slit nozzle is a flat nozzle, the pressure inside the nozzle is maintained at 0.1 to 0.3Mpa, the slit width of the nozzle is 0.05 to 0.1mm, the nozzle is provided with an opening/closing means, the injection amount is adjusted by the pressure according to the catalyst amount on the surface of the CCM membrane and the production speed, and the upper slit nozzle (5) and the lower slit nozzle (14) are identical in structure.
5. The apparatus for producing CCM membrane of fuel cell according to claim 4, wherein the upper drying roller is a cylindrical roller, the diameter Φd=600-1000 mm of the roller, the inside of the roller is hollow, electromagnetic heating or electric heating is used for heating, the temperature of the roller surface is kept at 70-120 ℃, through holes with the diameter of 10-20 μm are opened on the surface of the roller, the distance between the holes is not more than 5mm, the upper drying roller is a driving roller, the rotation speed is controlled by a variable frequency motor, the linear speed in the rotation process is consistent with the moving speed V of the membrane, the roller is connected with a vacuum system, and the absolute pressure inside the roller is kept in the range of 2000-5000 Pa.
6. The apparatus for producing a CCM membrane for a fuel cell according to claim 5, wherein a portion of the drying roller which is not in contact with the proton exchange membrane is closed with a tetrafluoro film (2-1), wherein a hard tetrafluoro frame (2-2), the outer portion of the air bag, i.e., the tetrafluoro film (2-1), is made of hard PTFE, a portion of the air bag which is in contact with the roller, i.e., the hard tetrafluoro frame (2-2), is made of soft PTFE, and micropores on the roller transmit a vacuum system adsorption force to adsorb the soft PTFE to the surface of the roller, and the soft PTFE is kept sealed from the outside.
7. The apparatus for producing a CCM membrane of a fuel cell according to claim 6, wherein the upper and lower hot air nozzles are each provided as a flat nozzle, the length of the nozzle is equal to the width of the drying roller, the blowing speed of the hot air blown out from the nozzle is between 2 and 5m/s, and the temperature of the hot air is between 50 and 80 ℃.
8. The manufacturing equipment of the CCM membrane of the fuel cell according to claim 6, wherein the upper drying box and the lower drying box are both arranged as thermostated boxes, the temperature in the box body (3-1) is 50-80 ℃, the interior of the box body is heated by adopting a second electric heating belt (3-5), the second electric heating belt is arranged below a deflector (3-4), a breathing port (3-3) of DN50 is arranged above the box body and is connected with the outside of the box body, a copper deflector is arranged below the proton exchange membrane, a second electric heating belt with temperature control is arranged below the copper deflector, and the total power of the second electric heating belt is 5-10 kW.
9. The apparatus for producing a CCM membrane for a fuel cell according to claim 6, wherein the detecting means is composed of a set of lasers, i.e., an upper surface detector (9) and a lower surface detector (18); and detecting the thickness of the film coated with the catalyst by line laser and determining the quality of the coating film and the position of the film according to the thickness change rule of the film.
10. The manufacturing equipment of the CCM membrane of the fuel cell according to claim 6, wherein the upper protective membrane (11) and the lower protective membrane (19) are used for covering a layer of protective membrane on the surface of the prepared catalyst layer, the membrane covering roller is a driven roller, the roller is provided with damping, the roller is driven to rotate by the thin film, the thin film is made of PE material, the thickness of the thin film is 0.01-0.05mm, and the width of the protective membrane is consistent with that of the proton exchange membrane.
11. The apparatus for producing a CCM membrane for a fuel cell according to claim 6, wherein the deviation correcting roller (12) is composed of two rollers, one of which is a flat roller and the other is a convexity roller, and the convexity roller is movable back and forth by a distance determined by detecting an offset center line of the proton exchange membrane.
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| CN202222778165.4U CN220753489U (en) | 2022-10-20 | 2022-10-20 | Manufacturing equipment of fuel cell CCM (continuous membrane) membrane |
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