CN220752223U - Voltage overshoot detection circuit - Google Patents
Voltage overshoot detection circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN220752223U CN220752223U CN202322414750.0U CN202322414750U CN220752223U CN 220752223 U CN220752223 U CN 220752223U CN 202322414750 U CN202322414750 U CN 202322414750U CN 220752223 U CN220752223 U CN 220752223U
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Abstract
The application discloses a voltage overshoot detection circuit, including input voltage module, threshold voltage module, comparison voltage module and opto-coupler module. The input end of the input voltage module is connected with external input voltage, the output end of the input voltage module is connected with the inverting input end of the comparison voltage module, the input end of the threshold voltage module is connected with a preset threshold voltage, the output end of the threshold voltage module is connected with the non-inverting input end of the comparison voltage module, the input end of the optocoupler module receives the threshold voltage, the input end of the optocoupler module is connected with the output end of the comparison voltage module, the input end of the optocoupler module is connected with an output positive voltage, and the output end of the optocoupler module is connected with a sampling circuit. The voltage regulator has the function of timely stabilizing the output voltage and preventing the output overshoot voltage.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of detection circuits, and more particularly to a voltage overshoot detection circuit.
Background
The loop feedback control circuit generally needs to operate by a complex calculus circuit model, has hysteresis on the change of the input voltage of a power switch, and cannot respond in time, so that the overshoot of the output voltage is caused, and damage is caused to the circuit. Therefore, how to timely handle the voltage overshoot caused by the overlarge input voltage, and protect the circuit from damage is a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of this application is in time to the output voltage steady voltage, prevents to appear outputting the voltage of overshooting.
The technical aim of the application is achieved through the following technical scheme:
the voltage overshoot detection circuit comprises an input voltage module, a threshold voltage module, a comparison voltage module and an optocoupler module, wherein:
the input end of the input voltage module is connected with external input voltage, and the output end of the input voltage module 1 is connected with the inverting input end of the comparison voltage module 3;
the comparison voltage module 3 comprises a normal phase input end, an opposite phase input end and an output end, the threshold voltage module comprises an input end and an output end, the input end of the threshold voltage module is connected with a preset threshold voltage, and the output end of the threshold voltage module is connected with the normal phase input end of the comparison voltage module;
the optocoupler module comprises an input end 3, an input end 4, an input end 5 and an output end 6, wherein the input end 3 is used for receiving the threshold voltage, the input end 4 is connected with the output end of the comparison voltage module, the input end 5 is connected with an output positive voltage, the output end 6 is connected with a sampling voltage division point, and the sampling voltage division point is connected with an external processing circuit;
the input voltage module 1 comprises an input end and an output end, the output end of the input voltage module 1 applies input voltage to the inverting input end of the comparison voltage module, the output end of the threshold voltage module 2 applies the threshold voltage to the non-inverting input end of the voltage module 3, and the output end of the comparison voltage module 3 is used for outputting low level to drive the optocoupler module 4 and outputting an electric signal to the sampling circuit when the input voltage is larger than the threshold voltage.
By adopting the technical scheme, if the input voltage is greater than the threshold voltage, the operational amplifier U1 outputs a low level to trigger the photodiode in the photoelectric coupler, in this case, an electric signal is output to the sampling circuit, the sampling signal is connected with the processing circuit to identify the electric signal, and if the detected voltage is too large, the processing circuit is controlled to cut off the main loop, so that the circuit is protected.
Optionally, the input voltage module includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, and a capacitor C1, and specifically includes:
the first end of the resistor R1 is connected with an external input voltage, the second end of the resistor R1 is connected with the first end of the resistor R2, the second end of the resistor R2 is connected with the first end of the resistor R3, and the second end of the resistor R3 is grounded;
the capacitor C1 is connected in parallel to two ends of the resistor R1;
the second terminal of the resistor R2 is also connected to the inverting input terminal of the comparison voltage module.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through a plurality of bleeder resistor, provide the input voltage value to operational amplifier U1's inverting input terminal, through the condenser filtering, realize output signal smoothing, avoid too big fluctuation.
Optionally, the threshold voltage module includes a resistor R4, a resistor R5, and a capacitor C2, and specifically includes:
a first end of the resistor R4 is connected with an external threshold voltage, a second end of the resistor R4 is connected with a first end of the resistor R5, and a second end of the resistor R5 is grounded;
a first end of the capacitor C2 is connected with the threshold voltage, and a second end of the capacitor C2 is grounded;
the second end of the resistor R4 is also connected with the non-inverting input end of the comparison voltage module.
By adopting the technical scheme, the threshold voltage is provided for the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1 through a plurality of voltage dividing resistors, and the circuit is protected by the stable grounding of the capacitor.
Optionally, the comparison voltage module includes a capacitor C3 and an operational amplifier U1, and specifically includes:
the 2 pin of the operational amplifier U1 is grounded, and the 1 pin of the operational amplifier U1 is connected with a reference voltage;
the first end of the capacitor C3 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U1, and the second end of the capacitor C3 is grounded.
By adopting the above technical scheme, the sampled input voltage is compared with the threshold voltage by the operational amplifier U1, and if the input voltage is greater than the threshold voltage, a low level is output.
Optionally, the voltage module further includes a resistor R6 and a capacitor C4, specifically including:
the first end of the resistor R6 is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1, the second end of the resistor R6 is connected with the first end of the capacitor C4, and the second end of the capacitor C4 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U1.
By adopting the technical scheme, the feedback circuit of the operational amplifier U1 is formed, and the circuit stability is improved.
Optionally, the optocoupler module includes a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a photodiode, and a phototransistor, and specifically includes:
the first end of the resistor R7 is connected with the threshold voltage, the second end of the resistor R7 is connected with the anode of the photodiode U2-A, and the anode of the photodiode U2-A is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U1;
the first end of the resistor R8 is connected with the emitter of the phototriode U2-B to output positive voltage, the second end of the resistor R8 is connected with the emitter of the phototriode U2-B, and the collector of the phototriode U2-B is connected with a sampling voltage division point.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when operational amplifier U1 output low level, photodiode can switch on because of low level, and the triode that triggers later switches on and forms the return circuit, carries to the sample point, and the sample point is connected processing circuit, if obtain the electric signal that the opto-coupler carried, then control processing circuit cuts off the main loop, protection circuit.
Optionally, the circuit further includes an output voltage module, where the output voltage module includes a resistor R9, a resistor R10, and a resistor R11, and specifically includes:
the first end of the resistor R9 is connected with the first end of the output positive voltage, and the second end of the resistor R9 is respectively connected with the first end of the resistor R8 and the first end of the resistor R10;
a second end of the resistor R10 is connected with a first end of the resistor R11, and a second end of the resistor R11 is connected with an output negative voltage;
the second end of the resistor R10 is also connected to a sampling voltage division point.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when operational amplifier U1 output low level, drive photodiode switches on, and the photoelectric triode switches on in the photoelectric coupler, and the parallel resistor in output voltage circuit reduces circuit total resistance to increase the voltage value of sampling bleeder circuit point, processing circuit can in time cut off the main loop through detecting the voltage value of sampling bleeder circuit point, with this protection circuit.
In summary, the present application discloses a voltage overshoot detection circuit, which at least includes the following beneficial effects:
1. the circuit may damage the circuit due to overlarge input voltage, and when the input voltage is larger than the preset threshold voltage, the output corresponding level signal is provided for an external processing circuit to detect and process the input voltage, so that the circuit damage caused by overshoot of the output voltage is prevented.
2. The output of the photoelectric coupler is controlled after the voltage is compared by adopting the operational amplifier, so that complex calculus circuit model operation required in the error amplifier is avoided, the hysteresis of the processing circuit on the change of the input voltage is reduced, and the processing circuit can correspondingly process the voltage overshoot in time.
3. The operational amplifier is provided with the resistor and the capacitor to form a feedback circuit of the operational amplifier, and signals tend to be stable in a feedback signal mode, so that the stability and the reliability of the circuit are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of one embodiment of a voltage overshoot detection circuit of the present application;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of one embodiment of a voltage overshoot detection circuit of the present application.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a voltage overshoot detection circuit includes an input voltage module, a threshold voltage module, a comparison voltage module and an optocoupler module, wherein an input end of the input voltage module 1 is connected with an external input voltage, and an output end of the input voltage module 1 is connected with an inverting input end of the comparison voltage module 3;
the comparison voltage module 3 comprises a normal phase input end, an opposite phase input end and an output end, the threshold voltage module comprises an input end and an output end, the input end of the threshold voltage module 2 is connected with a preset threshold voltage, and the output end of the threshold voltage module 2 is connected with the normal phase input end of the comparison voltage module 3;
the optocoupler module 4 comprises an input end 3, an input end 4, an input end 5 and an output end 6, wherein the input end 3 is used for receiving the threshold voltage, the input end 4 is connected with the output end of the comparison voltage module 3, the input end 5 is connected with an output positive voltage, the output end 6 is connected with a sampling voltage division point, and the sampling voltage division point is connected with an external processing circuit;
the input voltage module 1 comprises an input end and an output end, the output end of the input voltage module 1 applies input voltage to the inverting input end of the comparison voltage module 3, the output end of the threshold voltage module 2 applies threshold voltage to the non-inverting input end of the voltage module 3, the output end of the comparison voltage module 3 is used for outputting low level to drive the optocoupler module 4 to output an electric signal to the sampling voltage division point when the input voltage is larger than the threshold voltage, the sampling voltage division point is connected with a processing circuit, and the processing circuit can detect electric signal change to cut off a main loop timely.
Regarding the input voltage module: the input voltage is divided by a plurality of voltage dividing resistors and then output to an inverting input end in the comparison voltage module.
Regarding the threshold voltage module: the voltage threshold is preset, divided by a plurality of voltage dividing resistors and then output to a non-inverting input end in the comparison module.
With respect to the comparison voltage module: the comparison voltage module comprises an operational amplifier U1, wherein a non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1 receives a preset voltage threshold, an inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1 receives an input voltage, and if the input voltage is higher than the preset voltage threshold, the operational amplifier U1 outputs a low level along with the inverting input end.
Further, if the input voltage is less than or equal to the threshold voltage, the output end of the operational amplifier U1 will output a high level along with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1, and at this time, the photodiode in the optocoupler module is turned off; if the input voltage is greater than the threshold voltage, the output terminal of the operational amplifier U1 will output a low level along with the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1, thereby turning on the photodiode in the optocoupler module.
Regarding the optocoupler module: the optocoupler module comprises a photodiode and a phototriode, when the operational amplifier U1 outputs low level, the photodiode in the optocoupler module is driven to be conducted, and at the moment, a signal is output to the base electrode of the phototriode, so that the emitter electrode and the collector electrode of the phototriode are conducted, and an electric signal is output to a sampling voltage division point. The sampling voltage division point is connected with the processing circuit, and the processing circuit can realize the function of timely cutting off the main loop when the voltage overshoots by detecting the change of the electric signal, so as to achieve the function of protecting the circuit. The processing circuit can be a single chip microcomputer, and the single chip microcomputer detects the change of the electric signal and controls the main circuit to be cut off so as to protect the circuit.
Referring to fig. 2, one embodiment of the present application discloses a voltage overshoot detection circuit including an input voltage module 1, a threshold voltage module 2, a comparison voltage module 3, an optocoupler module 4, and an output voltage module 5.
In this embodiment, the input voltage module 1 includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, and a capacitor C1, and specifically includes:
the first end of the resistor R1 is connected with an external input voltage, the second end of the resistor R1 is connected with the first end of the resistor R2, the second end of the resistor R2 is connected with the first end of the resistor R3, and the second end of the resistor R3 is grounded;
the capacitor C1 is connected in parallel to two ends of the resistor R1;
the second terminal of the resistor R2 is also connected to the inverting input terminal of the comparison voltage module.
Specifically, when VIN has an input voltage, the voltage is divided by the voltage dividing resistor R1, the voltage dividing resistor R2, and the voltage dividing resistor R3, and the capacitor C1 filters the input voltage, and then the voltage is output to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1.
Further, the threshold voltage module 2 includes a resistor R4, a resistor R5, and a capacitor C2, and specifically includes:
a first end of the resistor R4 is connected with an external threshold voltage, a second end of the resistor R4 is connected with a first end of the resistor R5, and a second end of the resistor R5 is grounded;
a first end of the capacitor C2 is connected with the threshold voltage, and a second end of the capacitor C2 is grounded;
the second end of the resistor R4 is also connected with the non-inverting input end of the comparison voltage module.
Specifically, after the preset threshold voltage VREF is divided by the voltage dividing resistor R4 and the voltage dividing resistor R5, the voltage is outputted to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1. In addition, the capacitor C2 is connected in series between the threshold voltage VREF and the ground electrode, if the photodiode U2-A is cut off, an electric signal is output to the ground electrode from the threshold voltage VREF through the capacitor C2, the capacitor C2 has the function of stabilizing voltage, and the stabilizing voltage is grounded in the process, so that the function of protecting a circuit is realized.
Further, the comparison voltage module 3 includes a capacitor C3 and an operational amplifier U1, and specifically includes:
the 2 pin of the operational amplifier U1 is grounded, and the 1 pin of the operational amplifier U1 is connected with a reference voltage;
the first end of the capacitor C3 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U1, and the second end of the capacitor C3 is grounded.
Specifically, taking a preset threshold voltage as 5V as an example, the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 receives an input voltage value, the inverting input terminal pin of the operational amplifier U1 receives a voltage threshold, if the input voltage value is 6V, and exceeds the set voltage threshold value by 5V, the output terminal of the operational amplifier U1 outputs a low level along with the inverting input terminal, and the low level turns on the photodiode U2-a in the optocoupler module 4; if the input voltage value is less than 5V, the output end of the operational amplifier U1 will output a high level along with the non-inverting input end, and the photodiode U2-a is turned off because there is no potential difference with the threshold voltage of 5V.
Further, the comparison voltage module 3 further includes a resistor R6 and a capacitor C4, and specifically includes:
the first end of the resistor R6 is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1, the second end of the resistor R6 is connected with the first end of the capacitor C4, and the second end of the capacitor C4 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U1.
Specifically, the electric signal output after comparison by the operational amplifier U1 is fed back to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 after voltage stabilization processing by the capacitor C4 and the resistor R6, forming a feedback circuit, and maintaining the signal stable.
Further, the optocoupler module 4 includes a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a photodiode, and a phototransistor, and specifically includes:
the first end of the resistor R7 is connected with the threshold voltage, the second end of the resistor R7 is connected with the positive electrode of the photodiode U2-A, the positive electrode of the photodiode U2-A is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U1, the first end of the resistor R8 is connected with the positive voltage output, the second end of the resistor R8 is connected with the emitter of the phototriode U2-B, and the collector of the phototriode U2-B is connected with the sampling voltage division point FB.
Still further, the circuit further includes an output voltage module 5, where the output voltage module 5 includes a resistor R9, a resistor R10, and a resistor R11, and specifically includes:
the first end of the resistor R9 is connected with the first end of the output positive voltage, and the second end of the resistor R9 is respectively connected with the first end of the resistor R8 and the first end of the resistor R10;
a second end of the resistor R10 is connected with a first end of the resistor R11, and a second end of the resistor R11 is connected with an output negative voltage;
the second end of the resistor R10 is also connected to a sampling voltage division point.
Specifically, the processing circuit may be a single chip microcomputer, when the photodiode U2-a is driven, the base electrode of the phototransistor U2-B receives the optical signal and then turns on the emitter and collector of the phototransistor U2-B, at this time, the circuit is turned on, a positive voltage is output to the sampling voltage division point FB through the resistor R8 and the phototransistor U2-B, which is equivalent to that a circuit is connected in parallel to two ends of the resistor R10, so that the total resistance of the output voltage module is reduced, and the voltage value of the FB point is increased, the single chip microcomputer can monitor whether the voltage of the FB point is increased in real time, and if the voltage of the FB point is increased, determine that the main circuit has voltage overshoot, thereby cutting off the main circuit in time and achieving the effect of the protection circuit.
The embodiments of the present utility model are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in this way, therefore: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered in the protection scope of this application.
Claims (7)
1. The voltage overshoot detection circuit is characterized by comprising an input voltage module, a threshold voltage module, a comparison voltage module and an optocoupler module, wherein:
the input end of the input voltage module is connected with external input voltage, and the output end of the input voltage module is connected with the inverting input end of the comparison voltage module;
the comparison voltage module comprises a normal phase input end, an opposite phase input end and an output end, the threshold voltage module comprises an input end and an output end, the input end of the threshold voltage module is connected with a preset threshold voltage, and the output end of the threshold voltage module is connected with the normal phase input end of the comparison voltage module;
the optocoupler module comprises an input end 3, an input end 4, an input end 5 and an output end 6, wherein the input end 3 is used for receiving the threshold voltage, the input end 4 is connected with the output end of the comparison voltage module, the input end 5 is connected with an output positive voltage, the output end 6 is connected with a sampling voltage division point, and the sampling voltage division point is connected with an external processing circuit;
the input voltage module comprises an input end and an output end, the output end of the input voltage module applies input voltage to the inverting input end of the comparison voltage module, the output end of the threshold voltage module applies threshold voltage to the non-inverting input end of the comparison voltage module, the output end of the comparison voltage module is used for outputting low level to drive the optocoupler module to output an electric signal to the sampling voltage dividing point when the input voltage is larger than the threshold voltage, the sampling voltage dividing point is connected with the processing circuit, and the processing circuit can detect electric signal change to cut off the main loop in time.
2. The voltage overshoot detection circuit of claim 1, wherein said input voltage module includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3 and a capacitor C1, and specifically includes:
the first end of the resistor R1 is connected with an external input voltage, the second end of the resistor R1 is connected with the first end of the resistor R2, the second end of the resistor R2 is connected with the first end of the resistor R3, and the second end of the resistor R3 is grounded;
the capacitor C1 is connected in parallel to two ends of the resistor R1;
the second terminal of the resistor R2 is also connected to the inverting input terminal of the comparison voltage module.
3. The voltage overshoot detection circuit of claim 1, wherein said threshold voltage module comprises a resistor R4, a resistor R5 and a capacitor C2, and specifically comprises:
a first end of the resistor R4 is connected with an external threshold voltage, a second end of the resistor R4 is connected with a first end of the resistor R5, and a second end of the resistor R5 is grounded;
a first end of the capacitor C2 is connected with the threshold voltage, and a second end of the capacitor C2 is grounded;
the second end of the resistor R4 is also connected with the non-inverting input end of the comparison voltage module.
4. A voltage overshoot detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein said comparison voltage module comprises a capacitor C3 and an operational amplifier U1, and specifically comprises:
the 2 pin of the operational amplifier U1 is grounded, and the 1 pin of the operational amplifier U1 is connected with a reference voltage;
the first end of the capacitor C3 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U1, and the second end of the capacitor C3 is grounded.
5. The voltage overshoot detection circuit of claim 4, wherein said comparison voltage module further comprises a resistor R6 and a capacitor C4, specifically comprising:
the first end of the resistor R6 is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1, the second end of the resistor R6 is connected with the first end of the capacitor C4, and the second end of the capacitor C4 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U1.
6. The voltage overshoot detection circuit of claim 4, wherein said optocoupler module includes a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a photodiode U2-a, and a phototransistor U2-B, specifically comprising:
the first end of the resistor R7 is connected with the threshold voltage, the second end of the resistor R7 is connected with the anode of the photodiode U2-A, and the anode of the photodiode U2-A is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U1;
the first end of the resistor R8 is connected with the emitter of the phototriode U2-B to output positive voltage, the second end of the resistor R8 is connected with the emitter of the phototriode U2-B, and the collector of the phototriode U2-B is connected with a sampling voltage division point.
7. The voltage overshoot detection circuit of claim 1, wherein the circuit further comprises an output voltage module, the output voltage module comprising a resistor R9, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, specifically comprising:
the first end of the resistor R9 is connected with the first end of the output positive voltage, and the second end of the resistor R9 is respectively connected with the first end of the resistor R8 and the first end of the resistor R10;
a second end of the resistor R10 is connected with a first end of the resistor R11, and a second end of the resistor R11 is connected with an output negative voltage;
the second end of the resistor R10 is also connected to a sampling voltage division point.
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CN202322414750.0U CN220752223U (en) | 2023-09-05 | 2023-09-05 | Voltage overshoot detection circuit |
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CN202322414750.0U CN220752223U (en) | 2023-09-05 | 2023-09-05 | Voltage overshoot detection circuit |
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