CN220745546U - Courtyard rural sewage treatment device suitable for scattered living - Google Patents
Courtyard rural sewage treatment device suitable for scattered living Download PDFInfo
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- CN220745546U CN220745546U CN202322333446.3U CN202322333446U CN220745546U CN 220745546 U CN220745546 U CN 220745546U CN 202322333446 U CN202322333446 U CN 202322333446U CN 220745546 U CN220745546 U CN 220745546U
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- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses courtyard type rural sewage treatment equipment suitable for scattered living, which comprises an adjusting tank provided with a water pump, wherein a biological filter tower is fixedly arranged above the adjusting tank, the lower end of the biological filter tower is communicated with the adjusting tank, a water distribution channel, an artificial wet area and a water outlet channel are also arranged above the adjusting tank, a rotational flow sand settling pipe is fixedly arranged in the biological filter tower, a first grid plate is arranged between the outer side wall of the rotational flow sand settling pipe and the inner side wall of the biological filter tower, an immobilized carrier is arranged in the biological filter tower, a ventilation pipe communicated with the outside is arranged in the biological filter tower, the water pump is respectively communicated with the rotational flow sand settling pipe and the water distribution channel through a first water supply pipe and a second water supply pipe, and the top and the bottom of the artificial wet area are respectively communicated with the water distribution channel and the water outlet channel. The purpose is to provide a courtyard type rural sewage treatment device suitable for scattered living, which has the characteristics of high efficiency, low investment, low running cost and strong applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of sewage treatment, in particular to equipment for rural sewage treatment.
Background
The rural domestic sewage treatment is taken as an important component for rural environment remediation, and the importance of the rural domestic sewage treatment is self-evident. The rural sewage treatment in China achieves a plentiful stage result, but is influenced by factors such as difficult rural domestic sewage collection, large fluctuation of water quality and water quantity, shortage of facility operation and maintenance funds and the like, and still has a plurality of problems. In the prior rural sewage treatment, domestic sewage is often treated in a mode of carrying a process construction sewage station or integrated sewage equipment of a municipal sewage treatment plant in terms of technology selection, but the mode has higher operation management level requirement and higher energy consumption, and does not follow the principle of local condition, so that a plurality of technical selection and management problems exist in the treatment process. Particularly, in many rural areas, such as mountainous areas or loess gully areas, the living is scattered, and if the rural areas are collected and treated uniformly by taking administrative villages as units, the pipe network construction cost is high.
The constructed wetland technology has the characteristics of easy maintenance, low energy consumption and the like, has good performance in denitrification and dephosphorization, and is suitable for treating rural domestic sewage. However, according to a plurality of engineering cases, the traditional artificial wetland as a domestic sewage advanced treatment process has the following defects: firstly, the occupied area is relatively large; secondly, SS is higher in rural sewage, and the constructed wetland blocks seriously, so that the constructed wetland can not meet the design requirement or can not meet the standard emission, and some constructed wetland becomes a pollution source instead.
In addition, for villages with more dispersed population living, the amount of rural sewage is smaller, such as a small village with 200 population living, each person dailyThe sewage discharge capacity is calculated according to 30L/d, and the daily sewage station treatment capacity is only 6m 3 And/d, and the minimum submersible pump flow rate is 3m 3 And/h, the power is 0.37kW, the lift is about 5m, and if continuous operation of the constructed wetland is to be ensured, a bypass pipe is required to be arranged on a water inlet pipe from the submersible sewage pump to the constructed wetland, so that part of sewage is refluxed, and a large amount of energy consumption is wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem of providing courtyard type rural sewage treatment equipment suitable for scattered living, which has the characteristics of high efficiency, low investment, low running cost and strong applicability.
The utility model is suitable for a courtyard type rural sewage treatment device for scattered living, and comprises an adjusting tank for receiving sewage, wherein a water pump is arranged in the adjusting tank, a biological filter tower which is vertically arranged is fixedly arranged above the adjusting tank, the lower end of the biological filter tower is communicated with the adjusting tank, a water distribution channel, an artificial wet area and a water outlet channel are also arranged above the adjusting tank, a rotational flow sand settling pipe which is vertically arranged is fixedly arranged in the biological filter tower, the rotational flow sand settling pipe is coaxially arranged with the biological filter tower, the lower end of the rotational flow sand settling pipe extends out of the biological filter tower through a sand collecting pipe, a first grid plate is arranged between the outer side wall of the rotational flow sand settling pipe and the inner side wall of the biological filter tower, an immobilized carrier is arranged in the biological filter tower, the immobilized carrier is positioned below the first grid plate, a ventilation pipe which is communicated with the outside is arranged in the biological filter tower, the water pump is communicated with the water distribution channel through a first water supply pipe, the top of the artificial wet area is communicated with the water distribution channel, and the bottom of the artificial wet area is communicated with the water outlet channel.
The utility model is suitable for courtyard type rural sewage treatment equipment for scattered living, wherein the upper end of a cyclone sand settling pipe is fixedly connected with a sleeve, the sleeve and the cyclone sand settling pipe are coaxially arranged, the pipe diameter of the sleeve is larger than that of the cyclone sand settling pipe, a first grating plate is arranged between the outer side wall of the sleeve and the inner side wall of a biological filter tower, the first grating plate is annular, the inner edge of the first grating plate is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the sleeve, the outer edge of the first grating plate is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the biological filter tower, the inner edge of the first grating plate is higher than the outer edge, and a slag discharging hole is formed in the wall of the biological filter tower above the outer edge of the first grating plate.
The utility model is suitable for courtyard rural sewage treatment equipment for scattered living, wherein a first immobilized carrier and a second immobilized carrier which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom are arranged in a biological filter tower, the upper end of the biological filter tower is connected with a conical cover plate, the top of the conical cover plate is provided with a hood, a ventilation pipe is vertically arranged in the biological filter tower, the upper end of the ventilation pipe is connected with the hood, the lower end of the ventilation pipe is connected with a first air outlet and a second air outlet, the first air outlet is arranged between the first immobilized carrier and the second immobilized carrier, and the second air outlet is arranged below the second immobilized carrier.
The utility model is suitable for courtyard rural sewage treatment equipment for scattered living, wherein the artificial wet land comprises a haydite layer, an immobilized carrier layer and a gravel layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, plants are planted on the haydite layer, water distribution pipes are paved on the haydite layer, water distribution inlets of the water distribution pipes are communicated with a water distribution channel, a plurality of water distribution outlets of the water distribution pipes are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the water distribution pipes, a drain pipe is paved in the gravel layer, a drain outlet of the drain pipe is communicated with a water outlet channel, a plurality of drain inlets of the drain pipe are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the drain pipe.
The utility model is suitable for courtyard rural sewage treatment equipment for scattered living, wherein a water outlet pipe is connected to a water outlet pipe, an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the water outlet pipe, a first water level sensor and a second water level sensor are arranged on the water outlet pipe, the first water level sensor is positioned above the second water level sensor, the first water level sensor, the second water level sensor and the electromagnetic valve are all connected with a controller, when the water level of the water outlet pipe reaches the height of the first water level sensor, the first water level sensor sends a signal to the controller, the controller controls the electromagnetic valve to be opened, and when the water level of the water outlet pipe reaches the height of the second water level sensor, the second water level sensor sends a signal to the controller, and the controller controls the electromagnetic valve to be closed.
The utility model is suitable for courtyard rural sewage treatment equipment for scattered living, wherein the regulating tank is connected with a water inlet pipe, a water inlet channel is arranged in the regulating tank and is connected with the water inlet channel, the water inlet pipe is communicated with the inside of the regulating tank through the water inlet channel, a second grating plate and a third grating plate are sequentially arranged in the water inlet channel along the water flow direction, the grating gap of the second grating plate is larger than the grating gap of the third grating plate, and the grating gap of the third grating plate is larger than the grating gap of the first grating plate.
The utility model is suitable for courtyard rural sewage treatment equipment for scattered living, wherein the water distribution channel and the water outlet channel are both arranged in a ring shape which is arranged around a biological filter tower, the water distribution channel is arranged close to the biological filter tower, two oppositely arranged road matrixes are arranged between the water distribution channel and the water outlet channel and are respectively positioned at two opposite sides of the biological filter tower, the ring-shaped area between the water distribution channel and the water outlet channel is divided into two sector-shaped areas by the two road matrixes, the two sector-shaped areas are the artificial wet areas, and the periphery of the biological filter tower is provided with a ring-shaped seat which is arranged above the water distribution channel.
The utility model is suitable for courtyard rural sewage treatment equipment for scattered living, wherein the first immobilized carrier, the second immobilized carrier and the immobilized carrier layer are mixed fillers of polyurethane foam and sponge iron, the lower ends of the ventilation pipes are respectively connected with a first air outlet pipe and a second air outlet pipe, the first air outlet pipes and the second air outlet pipes are respectively arranged in a circular shape, an oval shape, a polygonal shape or other irregular shapes along the radial direction of a biological filter tower, a plurality of first air outlets are arranged on the first air outlet pipes, a plurality of second air outlets are arranged on the second air outlet pipes, the water distribution pipes and the drain pipes of an artificial wetland are respectively arranged in a plurality of manners, the axes of the water distribution pipes and the drain pipes penetrate through the axes of the biological filter tower, the water distribution pipes and the drain pipes are respectively and uniformly arranged at intervals around the circumference of the biological filter tower, supporting columns are fixedly arranged in the regulating tank, the lower ends of the biological filter tower are fixedly arranged on the supporting columns, the water outlets of the water pump are connected with a main pipe, and the water supply pipe is respectively connected with a first water supply pipe and a second water supply pipe.
The utility model is suitable for the courtyard rural sewage treatment equipment of scattered residence to be different from the prior art in that the water pump in the utility model can not only provide continuous sewage source for the artificial wetland, but also can raise part of sewage to the biological filter tower to pretreat at the same time, the biological filter tower is internally provided with the immobilized carrier and utilizes the technical principles of the cyclone grit chamber and the hydraulic screen to treat sewage, namely, the 'rich energy' of the water pump is applied to the water distribution of the biological filter tower, the sewage is sprayed on the immobilized carrier, the dissolved oxygen of the sewage is improved by water fall oxygenation, and the treatment efficiency of the biological filter tower is greatly improved. Therefore, the utility model has the characteristics of high efficiency, low investment, low running cost and strong applicability. In addition, the utility model can make the appearance of the equipment into landscape small products, and can add a beautiful landscape for the surrounding landscape while treating sewage. In conclusion, the utility model has wide technical popularization value and urgent practical significance.
The utility model is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view (hidden conical cover plate) of a yard type rural sewage treatment facility of the present utility model adapted for discrete residence;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1 (with the addition of a tapered cover plate);
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 1 (with the addition of a tapered cover plate);
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a water supply pipe system in accordance with the present utility model;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a sewage treatment method using the present utility model.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and combined with fig. 2-6, the utility model is suitable for a courtyard rural sewage treatment device for scattered living, and comprises a regulating tank 21 for receiving sewage, a water pump 35 is arranged in the regulating tank 21, a cylindrical biological filter 5 which is vertically arranged is fixedly arranged above the regulating tank 21, the lower end of the biological filter 5 is communicated with the regulating tank 21, a water distribution channel 31, an artificial wet area 6 and a water outlet channel 2 are also arranged above the regulating tank 21, a vertically arranged rotational flow sand pipe 10 is fixedly arranged in the biological filter 5, the rotational flow sand pipe 10 and the biological filter 5 are coaxially arranged, the lower end of the rotational flow sand pipe 10 extends out of the biological filter 5 through a sand collecting pipe 12, a first grid plate 9 is arranged between the outer side wall of the rotational flow sand pipe 10 and the inner side wall of the biological filter 5, an immobilized carrier is arranged in the biological filter 5 and is positioned below the first grid plate 9, a water distribution channel 31, a water pump 28 which is communicated with the outside is arranged in the biological filter 5, the water distribution channel is communicated with the water distribution channel 31 through the first water collecting pipe 35 and the water distribution channel 31, and the water outlet channel 33 is communicated with the water distribution channel 2 through the second water distribution channel 31.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the utility model is suitable for a courtyard rural sewage treatment device for scattered living, wherein the upper end of the cyclone sand settling pipe 10 is fixedly connected with a sleeve 11, the sleeve 11 and the cyclone sand settling pipe 10 are coaxially arranged, the pipe diameter of the sleeve 11 is larger than that of the cyclone sand settling pipe 10, the first grid plate 9 is arranged between the outer side wall of the sleeve 11 and the inner side wall of the biological filter tower 5, so that the cyclone sand settling pipe 10 achieves the purpose of arranging the first grid plate 9 with the biological filter tower 5 through the sleeve 11. The first grating plate 9 is annular, the inner edge of the first grating plate 9 is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the sleeve 11, the outer edge of the first grating plate 9 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the biological filter tower 5, the inner edge of the first grating plate 9 is higher than the outer edge, and slag discharging holes 4 are formed in the wall of the biological filter tower 5 above the outer edge of the first grating plate 9.
The cyclone sand settling pipe 10 is in the prior art, the water pump 35 introduces sewage into the cyclone sand settling pipe 10 along the tangential direction of the pipe wall through the first water supply pipe 32, so that the sewage rotates in the cyclone sand settling pipe 10, sediment in the sewage moves towards the lower end of the cyclone sand settling pipe 10 until being collected into the sand collecting pipe 12, and a worker can clean the sediment in the sand collecting pipe 12 periodically; the sewage after removing the sediment moves to the upper end of the rotational flow sand settling pipe 10 until entering the sleeve 11, and continues to move upwards along the sleeve 11 until flowing out of the upper end of the sleeve 11, then the sewage flows through the first grid plate 9, and the sewage flowing through the first grid plate 9 is uniformly sprinkled on the immobilized carrier.
The grid gap of the first grid plate 9 is 1mm and is used for filtering impurities in sewage. Since the inner edge of the first grating plate 9 is higher than the outer edge, i.e., the first grating plate 9 is gradually arranged obliquely downward from inside to outside, so that the sewage flowing out of the upper end of the sleeve 11 flows from the inner edge of the first grating plate 9 to the outer edge, i.e., obliquely flows from top to bottom along the first grating plate 9, the impurities remain above the first grating plate 9, and the sewage from which the impurities are removed falls through the first grating plate 9. It follows that the first grating plate 9 acts as a hydraulic screen.
When excessive impurities remain above the first grating plate 9, workers can clear the impurities through the slag discharging holes 4 on the tower wall of the biological filter tower 5.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the utility model is suitable for a courtyard rural sewage treatment device for scattered living, wherein a first immobilized carrier 27 and a second immobilized carrier 18 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom are arranged in the biological filter tower 5, the upper end of the biological filter tower 5 is connected with a conical cover plate 15, the top of the conical cover plate 15 is provided with a hood 14, a ventilation pipe 28 is vertically arranged in the biological filter tower 5, the upper end of the ventilation pipe 28 is connected with the hood 14, the lower end of the ventilation pipe 28 is connected with a first air outlet 17 and a second air outlet 20, the first air outlet 17 is arranged between the first immobilized carrier 27 and the second immobilized carrier 18, and the second air outlet 20 is arranged below the second immobilized carrier 18.
The hood 14 is a prior art, and the ventilation pipe 28 forms a natural ventilation channel by utilizing the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the biological filter tower 5 and the hood 14, so that air outside the biological filter tower 5 can be introduced into the biological filter tower 5 and blown out from the first air outlet 17 and the second air outlet 20. The sewage flowing through the first grating plate 9 is uniformly sprinkled on the first immobilization carrier 27, then the sewage flowing out of the first immobilization carrier 27 is uniformly sprinkled on the second immobilization carrier 18, and finally the sewage flowing out of the second immobilization carrier 18 flows into the regulating tank 21 from the lower end of the biological filter tower 5, and in the process, the sewage can be fully contacted with the air introduced into the biological filter tower 5 by the ventilation pipe 28 to realize drop aeration oxygenation of the sewage.
As shown in fig. 2-4, in order to further enhance the effect of air-sewage contact, the lower end of the ventilation pipe 28 is respectively connected with a first air outlet pipe 16 and a second air outlet pipe 19, the first air outlet pipe 16 and the second air outlet pipe 19 are all arranged in a circular shape, an oval shape, a polygonal shape or other irregular shapes along the radial direction of the biological filter tower 5, a plurality of first air outlets 17 are arranged on the first air outlet pipe 16, and a plurality of second air outlets 20 are arranged on the second air outlet pipe 19.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the utility model is suitable for a courtyard rural sewage treatment device for scattered living, wherein the artificial wetland 6 comprises a ceramsite layer 26, an immobilized carrier layer 25 and a gravel layer 23 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, plants are planted on the ceramsite layer 26, a water distribution pipe 7 is paved on the ceramsite layer 26, a water distribution inlet of the water distribution pipe 7 is communicated with a water distribution channel 31, a plurality of water distribution outlets of the water distribution pipe 7 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the water distribution pipe 7, a drain pipe 24 is paved in the gravel layer 23, a drain outlet of the drain pipe 24 is communicated with a water outlet channel 2, a plurality of drain inlets of the drain pipe 24 are arranged, and a plurality of drain inlets are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the drain pipe 24.
The water pump 35 introduces sewage into the water distribution channel 31 through the second water supply pipe 33, the sewage in the water distribution channel 31 flows into the water distribution pipe 7 through the water distribution inlet, then flows onto the ceramic grain layer 26 of the artificial wet zone 6 from the water distribution outlet, then flows through the ceramic grain layer 26, the immobilized carrier layer 25 and the gravel layer 23 of the artificial wet zone 6 from top to bottom in sequence, at this time, the sewage becomes standard reaching water after the treatment of the artificial wet zone 6, the standard reaching water flows into the drain pipe 24 from the drain inlet, and then flows into the water outlet channel 2 from the drain outlet.
As shown in fig. 4, the present utility model is suitable for a courtyard type rural sewage treatment apparatus for decentralized residence, wherein the water outlet channel 2 is connected with a water outlet pipe 8, a solenoid valve 36 is arranged on the water outlet pipe 8, a first water level sensor and a second water level sensor are arranged on the water outlet channel 2, the first water level sensor is positioned above the second water level sensor, the first water level sensor, the second water level sensor and the solenoid valve 36 are all connected with a controller, when the water level of the water outlet channel 2 reaches the height of the first water level sensor, the first water level sensor sends a signal to the controller, the controller controls the solenoid valve 36, when the water level of the water outlet channel 2 reaches the height of the second water level sensor, the second water level sensor sends a signal to the controller, and the controller controls the solenoid valve 36 to be closed.
As shown in fig. 3-5, the utility model is suitable for a courtyard rural sewage treatment device for scattered living, wherein the regulating tank 21 is connected with a water inlet pipe 1, a water inlet channel 37 is arranged in the regulating tank 21, the water inlet pipe 1 is connected with the water inlet channel 37, the water inlet pipe 1 is communicated with the inside of the regulating tank 21 through the water inlet channel 37, a second grating plate 30 and a third grating plate 29 are sequentially arranged in the water inlet channel 37 along the water flow direction, the grating gap of the second grating plate 30 is larger than the grating gap of the third grating plate 29, and the grating gap of the third grating plate 29 is larger than the grating gap of the first grating plate 9.
In the present embodiment, the grating gap of the second grating plate 30 is 25mm, the grating gap of the third grating plate 29 is 3mm, and the grating gap of the first grating plate 9 is 1mm as described above. The sewage flows into the regulating tank 21 through the water inlet pipe 1 and the water inlet channel 37 in sequence, when the sewage flows through the water inlet channel 37, the sewage is filtered through the second grating plate 30, impurities with the body length of more than 25mm in the sewage are removed, and then the sewage is filtered through the third grating plate 29, and impurities with the body length of more than 3mm and less than or equal to 25mm in the sewage are removed. The first grating plate 9 can remove impurities having a bulk length of greater than 1mm and less than or equal to 3mm from the sewage after the rotational flow sand deposition.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the utility model is suitable for a courtyard rural sewage treatment device for scattered living, wherein the distribution canal 31 and the water outlet canal 2 are both arranged in a ring shape which is arranged around the biological filter tower 5, the distribution canal 31 is arranged close to the biological filter tower 5, two oppositely arranged road matrixes 13 are arranged between the distribution canal 31 and the water outlet canal 2, the two road matrixes 13 are respectively positioned at two opposite sides of the biological filter tower 5, the ring-shaped area between the distribution canal 31 and the water outlet canal 2 is divided into two sector-shaped areas by the two road matrixes 13, the two sector-shaped areas are the artificial wet area 6, the periphery of the biological filter tower 5 is provided with a ring-shaped seat 3, and the ring-shaped seat 3 is arranged above the distribution canal 31.
Therefore, the utility model can make the appearance of the equipment into landscape small products, skillfully takes the biological filter tower 5 as a central column, and makes the water distribution channel 31 into the seat 3 for villages and small people to rest, namely, the annular seat 3 is arranged above the water distribution channel 31, and the top planes of the two road matrixes 13 form a road for villages and small villages to walk, thereby facilitating the villages and small villages to get in and out of the landscape small products. Therefore, the whole equipment can play the water treatment function and simultaneously create a beautiful landscape for local villages.
As shown in fig. 3, the water inlet channel 37 is arranged below one road base 13, two mounting notches which are communicated with the water inlet channel 37 are arranged on the road base 13, and the second grating plate 30 and the third grating plate 29 are respectively inserted into the two mounting notches from top to bottom until the lower ends of the second grating plate 30 and the third grating plate 29 enter the water inlet channel 37, so that the second grating plate 30 and the third grating plate 29 are mounted.
The utility model is suitable for the courtyard rural sewage treatment equipment of scattered residence, wherein the first immobilization carrier 27, the second immobilization carrier 18 and the immobilization carrier layer 25 are all mixed fillers of polyurethane foam and sponge iron, the mixed fillers are respectively filled into the biological filter tower 5 and the constructed wetland, the removal of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and phosphorus is enhanced, the problem that the traditional sewage treatment equipment needs to be added with medicines due to the removal of phosphorus can be solved, and the biomass is larger than that of the traditional constructed wetland due to the increase of porous carriers, so that the occupied area of the wetland is reduced.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the water distribution pipes 7 and the drainage pipes 24 of the artificial wetland 6 are multiple, the axes of the water distribution pipes 7 and the drainage pipes 24 penetrate through the axis of the biological filter tower 5, and the water distribution pipes 7 and the drainage pipes 24 are uniformly arranged at intervals around the circumference of the biological filter tower 5. Thus, the water distribution and drainage of the artificial wet land 6 are more balanced.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 5, in order to enhance the stability of the biological filter tower 5, a supporting upright post 22 is fixedly arranged in the adjusting tank 21, and the lower end of the biological filter tower 5 is fixedly arranged on the supporting upright post 22.
As shown in fig. 3 and 6, a main water supply pipe 34 is connected to the water outlet of the water pump 35, and a first water supply pipe 32 and a second water supply pipe 33 are connected to the main water supply pipe 34, respectively. As described above, the water pump 35 communicates with the cyclone sand settling pipe 10 through the first water feed pipe 32, and the water pump 35 communicates with the distribution channel 31 through the second water feed pipe 33.
When the pressure of the contaminated gas in the regulating reservoir 21 is excessively high due to accumulation, the contaminated gas can enter the biological filter tower 5 through the lower end of the biological filter tower 5, become clean gas after the treatment of the immobilized carrier, and then be discharged from the ventilating duct 28 to the outside of the biological filter tower 5. Thus, even if the regulating reservoir 21 discharges the gas to the outside, the gas is subjected to the purification treatment without affecting the villagers resting nearby.
Referring to fig. 7, the sewage treatment method of the present utility model comprises the steps of:
the sewage is introduced into the regulating reservoir 21,
the sewage in the regulating tank 21 is simultaneously fed into the cyclone sand settling pipe 10 and the water distribution channel 31 through the first water supply pipe 32 and the second water supply pipe 33 respectively by the water pump 35,
the sewage entering the cyclone sand settling pipe 10 flows out from the upper end of the cyclone sand settling pipe 10 after cyclone sand settling, then the sewage flowing out from the upper end of the cyclone sand settling pipe 10 flows through the first grid plate 9 and the immobilized carrier from top to bottom in sequence and then flows back to the regulating tank 21 from the lower end of the biological filter tower 5, in the process, the air outside (namely outside the biological filter tower 5) is introduced into the biological filter tower 5 through the ventilation pipe 28 and fully contacts with the sewage to perform drop aeration oxygenation on the sewage,
the sewage entering the distribution canal 31 flows into the artificial wetland 6 from the top of the artificial wetland 6, then the sewage entering the artificial wetland 6 flows through the artificial wetland 6 from top to bottom to become standard water, and then the standard water flows into the water outlet canal 2 from the bottom of the artificial wetland 6.
When the sewage flows out from the upper end of the cyclone sand settling pipe 10, specifically from the sleeve 11 at the upper end of the cyclone sand settling pipe 10, the sewage flows through the first grid plate 9.
The above-mentioned feeding of the sewage in the regulating tank 21 into the cyclone sand settling pipe 10 and the distribution canal 31 through the first water feeding pipe 32 and the second water feeding pipe 33 at the same time by the water pump 35 means that the sewage in the regulating tank 21 is pumped by the water pump 35, a part of the pumped sewage is fed into the cyclone sand settling pipe 10 through the first water feeding pipe 32 by the water pump 35, and at the same time, the other part of the pumped sewage is fed into the distribution canal 31 through the second water feeding pipe 33 by the water pump 35.
The sewage treatment method comprises the following specific steps of: the sewage is introduced into the water inlet channel 37 through the water inlet pipe 1, and then flows into the regulating tank 21 after passing through the second grating plate 30 and the third grating plate 29 in sequence.
In the above-described sewage treatment method, when sewage flows through the immobilization carrier, the sewage is allowed to flow through the first immobilization carrier 27 and then through the second immobilization carrier 18, and when external air is introduced into the biological filtration tower 5 through the ventilation pipe 28, the external air (i.e., outside the biological filtration tower 5) is introduced into the ventilation pipe 28 through the hood 14, and then the air in the ventilation pipe 28 is blown into the biological filtration tower 5 from the first air outlet 17 and the second air outlet 20, respectively.
In the sewage treatment method, when sewage entering the water distribution channel 31 flows into the artificial wet zone 6 from the top of the artificial wet zone 6, the sewage in the water distribution channel 31 flows into the water distribution pipe 7 through the water distribution inlet, then the sewage in the water distribution pipe 7 flows into the artificial wet zone 6 from the water distribution outlet, when the sewage entering the artificial wet zone 6 flows through the artificial wet zone 6 from top to bottom, the sewage flows through the ceramsite layer 26, the immobilized carrier layer 25 and the gravel layer 23 of the artificial wet zone 6 from top to bottom in sequence, and when the standard-reaching water flows into the water outlet channel 2 from the bottom of the artificial wet zone 6, the standard-reaching water flows into the drain pipe 24 through the water discharge inlet, and then the standard-reaching water in the drain pipe 24 flows into the water outlet channel 2 through the water discharge outlet.
In the sewage treatment method, the standard reaching water in the water outlet channel 2 flows out through the water outlet pipe 8, in the process, the controller controls the electromagnetic valve 36 to be opened and closed, when the water level of the water outlet channel 2 reaches the height of the first water level sensor, the first water level sensor sends a signal to the controller, the controller controls the electromagnetic valve 36 to be opened, the water outlet channel 2 discharges water, the sewage level in the artificial wet area 6 is lowered, the air above the artificial wet area 6 enters the artificial wet area 6 to be fully contacted with the sewage flowing into the artificial wet area 6, aeration oxygenation is carried out on the sewage, and when the water level of the water outlet channel 2 is lowered to reach the height of the second water level sensor, the second water level sensor sends a signal to the controller, the controller controls the electromagnetic valve 36 to be closed, and the water outlet channel 2 stores water.
The water pump 35 in the utility model lifts a part of sewage and sends the sewage into the artificial wet area 6 so as to meet daily throughput requirements, and meanwhile, the water pump 35 utilizes 'rich energy' to send the other part of sewage into the biological filter tower 5.
After sewage enters the biological filter tower 5, microorganisms attached to the mixed filler in the biological filter tower 5 remove COD, ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in the water. Phosphorus in the sewage is removed by the iron-rich porous carrier (i.e. sponge iron in the mixed filler) filled in the biological filter tower 5.
The sewage entering the artificial wetland is treated by the synergistic effect of plants, matrixes and microorganisms and finally reaches the discharge standard.
The utility model relates to a small courtyard type sewage treatment device with a landscape function, which is developed aiming at rural sewage with scattered living in domestic mountain areas or loess gully areas. The main solution problems are as follows:
1) The utility model has compact structure, high treatment efficiency, strong water inlet impact resistance and stable water outlet, and solves the defects of large occupied area and easy blockage of the traditional constructed wetland.
2) The small submersible sewage pump (namely the water pump 35) with the power of only 0.37kW synchronously achieves the functions of sewage lifting, drop aeration oxygenation and mixing and stirring of the regulating tank 21 (sewage enters the biological filter tower 5 after being lifted by the water pump 35 and flows back to the regulating tank 21 from the biological filter tower 5, so that the circulating reciprocation can produce the mixing and stirring effect on the regulating tank 21), and solves the defects of high energy consumption, more equipment and high technical difficulty of management requirements of the traditional rural sewage treatment equipment.
3) The utility model skillfully applies the technical principles of rotational flow sand settling and hydraulic screening to the biological filter tower 5 to remove sediment and SS in water, and solves the problem of artificial wetland blockage caused by too high SS of inflow water.
4) According to the utility model, the iron-rich porous carrier and the polyurethane porous foam carrier (i.e. the immobilized carrier) are filled into the biological filter tower 5 and the constructed wetland, so that removal of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and phosphorus is enhanced, the problem that the traditional sewage treatment equipment needs to be added with chemicals due to phosphorus removal can be solved, and biomass is larger than that of the traditional constructed wetland due to the increase of the porous carrier, so that the occupied area of the wetland is reduced.
The biological filter tower 5 and the regulating tank 21 are organically combined to form the novel circulating biological filter tower 5, the biological filter tower 5 is filled with the iron-rich porous carrier and the polyurethane porous foam carrier, the 'rich energy' of the water pump 35 is utilized to realize rotational flow sand settling, hydraulic screening, drop aeration and full circulating contact with the immobilized carrier of the biological filter tower 5, and the pretreatment of the sewage is realized under the condition of not increasing the operation cost and the occupied area additionally.
After entering the regulating tank 21, the sewage enters the rotational flow sand settling pipe 10 in the biological filter tower 5 after being lifted by the water pump 35, the sewage flows through the hydraulic inclined screen (namely the first grid plate 9) with the grid gap of 1mm after rotational flow sand settling, then the sewage is uniformly sprinkled on the immobilized carrier, the sewage flowing through the immobilized carrier flows back to the regulating tank 21, and in the process, the sewage can be fully contacted with air introduced into the biological filter tower 5 by the ventilation pipe 28 to perform drop aeration oxygenation on the sewage, and then the sewage is circularly contacted under the lifting of the water pump 35.
As shown in fig. 6, the water pump 35 feeds a part of the sewage into the biological filter tower 5 through the first water feed pipe 32, and a valve 38 is provided on the first water feed pipe 32; the water pump 35 sends the other part of sewage into the water distribution channel 31 of the constructed wetland through the second water supply pipe 33, the second water supply pipe 33 is provided with an electromagnetic flowmeter 39, and the electromagnetic flowmeter 39 is used for controlling the inflow water flow to be daily design treatment water quantity. In the artificial wet area 6, water vertically enters in an up-and-down mode, and sewage sequentially passes through the ceramsite layer 26, the immobilized carrier layer 25 and the gravel layer 23 to become water reaching standards.
The utility model is suitable for the courtyard rural sewage treatment equipment of scattered residence to be different from the prior art in that the water pump 35 in the utility model can not only provide continuous sewage source for the artificial wetland, but also can raise part of sewage to the biological filter tower 5 to pretreat at the same time, the biological filter tower 5 is internally provided with the immobilized carrier and utilizes the technical principles of the cyclone grit chamber and the hydraulic screen to treat sewage, namely, the 'rich energy' of the water pump 35 is applied to the water distribution of the biological filter tower 5, the sewage is sprayed on the immobilized carrier, and the dissolved oxygen of the sewage is improved through drop oxygenation, so that the treatment efficiency of the biological filter tower 5 is greatly improved. Therefore, the utility model has the characteristics of high efficiency, low investment, low running cost and strong applicability. In addition, the utility model can make the appearance of the equipment into landscape small products, and can add a beautiful landscape for the surrounding landscape while treating sewage. In conclusion, the utility model has wide technical popularization value and urgent practical significance.
In practical use, the design parameters of the conditioning tank 21, the biological filter tower 5 and the constructed wetland are as follows (5 m 3 The/d device is exemplified):
(1) Regulating tank
Size: diameter = 3m; depth: 2m; effective volume=10m 3 ；
Hydraulic retention time: 2d;
the main equipment comprises: lifting pump: q=3m 3 /h；N＝0.37kW；H＝5m；
Coarse grating plates: gate gap = 25mm; b=0.5m;
fine grating plates: gate gap = 3mm; b=0.5m;
(2) Biological filtering tower
Hydraulic load: 10m 3 /m 2 .d；
Volumetric load: 1100-2000gBOD5/m 3 .d；
Diameter: 500mm; a=0.196 m 2 ；
Filler height: 1.5m;
immobilization support volume: 0.3m 3 ；
(3) Artificial wetland
Hydraulic load: 1m 3 /m 2 .d；
Area: a=5.86 m 2 ；
Annular: diameter of outer ring: 3m; the diameter of the inner ring is 1m;
immobilization carrier thickness: 300mm;
gravel (bedding) thickness: 200mm;
ceramsite thickness: 200mm.
The utility model has good sewage treatment effect, and the removal rate of the utility model to each pollutant in the sewage is shown in the following table 1-1 when in actual use.
TABLE 1-1 removal analysis Table
Note that: the water quality index unit is mg/L (except pH).
As described above, the present utility model can fully utilize the "surplus energy" of the water pump, and analysis (in 5m 3 Device calculation of/d):
water pump power: 0.37kw, q=3m 3 /h；
Actual running time of the water pump: 15h/d;
daily operating power: 15 x 0.37=5.55 kw;
daily water yield: 3×12=36 m 3 ；
Effective water amount (amount of water discharged into artificial wetland): 5m 3 /d；
Water amount returned to the biological filter tower: 31m 3 /d；
Then use "margin energy": 4.78kW/d.
Based on the characteristics of complex components, difficult collection, large fluctuation of water quality and water quantity, great influence by seasons and the like of rural domestic sewage in China, the following principle is required to be followed for the selection of rural domestic sewage treatment process:
(1) Meets the current requirements of standard treatment and resource utilization:
aiming at specific different conditions such as topography and topography of the region, road traffic conditions, construction layout of residents and the like, a local-condition sewage collection and treatment mode is explored, the problem of standard treatment and emission of sewage in the current village is solved, the requirement of resource utilization of sewage treatment in future is fully considered, water resources are saved, water environment is protected, and the social and economic development of the region is promoted to be coordinated with resources and environment.
(2) The treatment technology is economical and applicable:
the sewage treatment technology is selected with great effort, fully considers the common conditions of weak financial conditions and low actual bearing capacity of the region, cannot select blind scale, cannot select fashionable and advanced treatment technology with good treatment effect and high automation control level, and is important to consider that the selection is mature and reliable, and is suitable for the region characteristics and the actual sewage treatment application technology.
(3) The operation is simple and convenient, and the daily maintenance and management are simple:
aiming at the current situations of weak regional economy foundation, low technical level and management level of staff, special attention should be paid to the treatment process which is simple and easy to operate, stable in operation, convenient to maintain and manage and can meet the normal operation requirement by utilizing the local technology and management force.
(4) The sewage treatment process needs to have a certain impact load resistance and high-efficiency denitrification and dephosphorization capacity, and is suitable for the change of sewage quantity and water quality;
(5) The selected process should reduce the investment and running cost of construction and installation as much as possible, and simultaneously should save the occupied area as much as possible;
(7) The process is selected to minimize adverse effects on the surrounding environment, such as odors, noise, etc., while avoiding unsafe factors.
According to the selection principle, the sewage treatment process of the utility model adopts the following selection ideas:
(1) Advanced technology, standard treatment and long-term operation stability;
(2) The operation and maintenance cost is low, and the energy consumption is low;
(3) The occupied area is small, and the resources are saved;
(4) The operation is simple, and the management is convenient;
(5) The unique design of the courtyard small-scale product is coordinated with the surrounding environment landscape;
(6) The noise of the equipment is small, and the influence on residents is reduced.
It should be noted that, the positional or positional relationship indicated by the terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "middle", etc. are based on the positional or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The above examples are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present utility model should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present utility model without departing from the spirit of the present utility model.
Claims (8)
1. A courtyard rural sewage treatment plant suitable for scattered living, its characterized in that: including the equalizing basin that is used for receiving sewage, be equipped with the water pump in the equalizing basin, the fixed biological filter tower that is equipped with vertical arrangement in the top of equalizing basin, biological filter tower's lower extreme and equalizing basin intercommunication, the top of equalizing basin still is equipped with distribution canal, constructed wetland area and water outlet channel, biological filter tower internal fixation is equipped with the whirl sand settling tube of vertical arrangement, the whirl sand settling tube is arranged with biological filter tower is coaxial, the lower extreme of whirl sand settling tube extends to outside the biological filter tower through the sand collecting tube, be equipped with first grid board between the lateral wall of whirl sand settling tube and the inside wall of biological filter tower, be equipped with the immobilization carrier in the biological filter tower, the immobilization carrier is located the below of first grid board, the ventilation pipe with external intercommunication has been arranged in the biological filter tower, the water pump is through first feed pipe and whirl sand settling tube intercommunication, the water pump is through second feed pipe and distribution canal intercommunication, the top and the distribution canal intercommunication of constructed wetland area, the bottom and the water outlet channel intercommunication of constructed wetland area.
2. The yard type rural sewage treatment apparatus for scattered living according to claim 1, wherein: the upper end of the rotational flow sand settling pipe is fixedly connected with a sleeve, the sleeve and the rotational flow sand settling pipe are coaxially arranged, the pipe diameter of the sleeve is larger than that of the rotational flow sand settling pipe, the first grating plate is arranged between the outer side wall of the sleeve and the inner side wall of the biological filtering tower and is annular, the inner edge of the first grating plate is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the sleeve, the outer edge of the first grating plate is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the biological filter tower, the inner edge of the first grating plate is higher than the outer edge, and a slag discharging hole is formed in the wall of the biological filter tower above the outer edge of the first grating plate.
3. The yard type rural sewage treatment apparatus for scattered living according to claim 2, wherein: the biological filter tower is internally provided with a first immobilized carrier and a second immobilized carrier which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the upper end of the biological filter tower is connected with a conical cover plate, the top of the conical cover plate is provided with a hood, the ventilation pipe is vertically arranged in the biological filter tower, the upper end of the ventilation pipe is connected with the hood, the lower end of the ventilation pipe is connected with a first air outlet and a second air outlet, the first air outlet is arranged between the first immobilized carrier and the second immobilized carrier, and the second air outlet is arranged below the second immobilized carrier.
4. A yard type rural sewage treatment apparatus for scattered living as claimed in claim 3 wherein: the artificial wet land comprises a haydite layer, an immobilized carrier layer and a gravel layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, plants are planted on the haydite layer, water distribution pipes are paved on the haydite layer, water distribution inlets of the water distribution pipes are communicated with a water distribution channel, a plurality of water distribution outlets of the water distribution pipes are arranged along the axial interval arrangement of the water distribution pipes, drainage pipes are paved in the gravel layer, drainage outlets of the drainage pipes are communicated with a water outlet channel, and drainage inlets of the drainage pipes are provided with a plurality of drainage inlets which are arranged along the axial interval arrangement of the drainage pipes.
5. The courtyard type rural sewage treatment apparatus for scattered living according to claim 4, wherein: the water outlet channel is connected with a water outlet pipe, an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the water outlet pipe, a first water level sensor and a second water level sensor are arranged on the water outlet channel, the first water level sensor is located above the second water level sensor, the first water level sensor, the second water level sensor and the electromagnetic valve are all connected with a controller, when the water level of the water outlet channel reaches the height of the first water level sensor, the first water level sensor sends a signal to the controller, the controller controls the electromagnetic valve to be opened, when the water level of the water outlet channel reaches the height of the second water level sensor, the second water level sensor sends a signal to the controller, and the controller controls the electromagnetic valve to be closed.
6. The courtyard type rural sewage treatment apparatus for scattered living according to claim 5, wherein: the water inlet pipe is connected to the regulating tank, a water inlet channel is arranged in the regulating tank and connected with the water inlet channel, the water inlet pipe is communicated with the inside of the regulating tank through the water inlet channel, a second grating plate and a third grating plate are sequentially arranged in the water inlet channel along the water flow direction, the grating gap of the second grating plate is larger than the grating gap of the third grating plate, and the grating gap of the third grating plate is larger than the grating gap of the first grating plate.
7. The yard type rural sewage treatment apparatus for scattered living according to claim 6 wherein: the water distribution channel and the water outlet channel are both arranged in an annular shape which is arranged around the biological filter tower, the water distribution channel is arranged close to the biological filter tower, two oppositely arranged road matrixes are arranged between the water distribution channel and the water outlet channel, the two road matrixes are respectively positioned on two opposite sides of the biological filter tower, an annular area between the water distribution channel and the water outlet channel is divided into two fan-shaped areas by the two road matrixes, the two fan-shaped areas are artificial wet areas, an annular seat is arranged on the periphery of the biological filter tower, and the annular seat is arranged above the water distribution channel.
8. The yard type rural sewage treatment apparatus for scattered living according to claim 7 wherein: the lower extreme of ventilation pipe is connected with first tuber pipe and second tuber pipe that goes out respectively, first tuber pipe and second play tuber pipe are all arranged along the radial of biological filter tower and are circular, oval or polygon, be equipped with a plurality of first air outlets on the first tuber pipe, be equipped with a plurality of second air outlets on the second tuber pipe, the water distribution pipe and the drain pipe in constructed wetland all set up a plurality ofly, the axis of water distribution pipe and drain pipe all passes the axis of biological filter tower, a plurality of water distribution pipe and a plurality of the drain pipe all winds the even interval arrangement of circumference of biological filter tower, the equalizing basin internal fixation is equipped with the support column, the lower extreme of biological filter tower is fixed to be established on the support column, the delivery port of water pump is connected with total feed pipe, be connected with first feed pipe and second feed pipe on the total feed pipe respectively.
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| CN202322333446.3U CN220745546U (en) | 2023-08-29 | 2023-08-29 | Courtyard rural sewage treatment device suitable for scattered living |
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| CN202322333446.3U CN220745546U (en) | 2023-08-29 | 2023-08-29 | Courtyard rural sewage treatment device suitable for scattered living |
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