CN220736694U - Needled non-woven fabric filter material structure with three-dimensional pore structure - Google Patents
Needled non-woven fabric filter material structure with three-dimensional pore structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN220736694U CN220736694U CN202322359298.2U CN202322359298U CN220736694U CN 220736694 U CN220736694 U CN 220736694U CN 202322359298 U CN202322359298 U CN 202322359298U CN 220736694 U CN220736694 U CN 220736694U
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006306 polyurethane fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 30
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 118
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- XRVCXZWINJOORX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-amino-6-(ethylamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-ol Chemical compound CCNC1=NC(N)=NC(O)=N1 XRVCXZWINJOORX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010058467 Lung neoplasm malignant Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model relates to the technical field of air purification filter materials, in particular to a needled non-woven fabric filter material structure with a three-dimensional pore structure. Comprising the following steps: the filter material comprises a filter material body, wherein the filter material body is sequentially provided with a top layer, a middle layer and a bottom layer from the windward direction; the top layer and the bottom layer are respectively provided with a fiber layer which is arranged at an angle with the horizontal plane, and the middle layer is filled with long fiber monofilaments; the utility model provides a filtering material with a three-dimensional structure, which has larger internal space and large dust holding capacity, and can filter the oily particles step by step according to the characteristics of the oily particles, thereby improving the filtering efficiency to the greatest extent.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of air purification filter materials, in particular to a needled non-woven fabric filter material structure with a three-dimensional pore structure.
Background
Oily particles as common discharged pollutants can cause common respiratory diseases, even lung cancer, and seriously harm the health of human bodies. And is attracting attention. The research ratio of the oily particulate matter filtering device is that, for example, an utility model patent, a porous oil fume filtering material, patent number 202210526884.9, an oil mist filtering material is prepared by an iron plating method and a nickel plating method, and the method enhances the corrosion resistance of the material, but the filtering efficiency is relatively low because the material is of a single-layer structure and cannot be subjected to step-by-step filtering aiming at the characteristics of oily particulate matters; for example, an utility model patent, a coarse filter material for purifying oil smoke and a preparation method thereof, the patent number is 202210987459.X, and oily particulate matter filter material is prepared by methods of active catalysis, roasting and the like. The method improves the filtering efficiency of the filter material, but because the material is of a single-layer structure, an oil film is formed on the surface of the filter, so that the resistance is obviously increased, and the service life of the filter is further reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the technical problems, and provides a needled non-woven fabric filter material structure with a three-dimensional pore structure, aiming at the technical defects, wherein the filter material has a three-dimensional structure, large internal space and large dust holding capacity, and is used for filtering oily particles step by step and improving the filtering efficiency to the greatest extent.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:
the filter material comprises a filter material body, wherein the filter material body is sequentially provided with a top layer, a middle layer and a bottom layer from the windward direction; the top layer and the bottom layer are respectively provided with a fiber layer which is arranged at an angle with the horizontal plane, and the middle layer is filled with long fiber monofilaments.
Preferably, the included angles between the fiber layers of the top layer and the bottom layer and the horizontal plane are 20 degrees and 15 degrees respectively.
Preferably, the fiber layers of the top layer are loosely arranged and have a packing density of 40% -60%.
Preferably, the fiber layers of the bottom layer are densely arranged, and the filling density is 50% -70%.
Preferably, the fiber packing density of the intermediate layer is 45% -65%.
Preferably, the thickness of the top layer is 1-2cm, the thickness of the middle layer is 2-6cm, and the thickness of the bottom layer is 1-2cm.
Preferably, the filter material body is prepared from any one of polyurethane fiber, polytetrafluoroethylene fiber and polypropylene fiber.
Preferably, the top layer, the middle layer and the bottom layer are respectively provided with a first hole site, a second hole site and a third hole site, the diameter of the first hole site is 60-70 μm, the diameter of the second hole site is 45-55 μm, and the diameter of the third hole site is 30-42 μm.
Preferably, the top, middle and bottom layers have a porosity of 0.8.
Preferably, the thickness of the fiber layer of the bottom layer and the middle layer is 4 μm, and the thickness of the fiber layer at the top layer is 2-4 μm.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:
1. the filtering is built in a grading way through the top layer, the middle layer and the bottom layer, and the filtering is blocked layer by layer. And (3) screening inner-layer high-efficiency filter materials, wherein a composite filter material building fine filter layer is formed by a plurality of resident-stage fiber filter materials. According to the classified filtration, the built-in 3D structure provides a large condensation space, so that the sedimentation effect, the collision effect and the diffusion effect of particulate matters are enhanced, the particulate matters are filtered and condensed more quickly and effectively, the dust holding capacity of a filter material is improved, the problem that the filter material is easy to block is solved, and therefore, the efficient filtration of the oil fume is completed, and the advantage of long service life is achieved;
2. the technical scheme is matched with the traditional purifying equipment, and the purifying equipment can be used for carrying out adsorption treatment on oil smoke or waste gas together, so that the purifying equipment can be applied to the fields of catering, food processing, industrial production and the like;
3. the technical scheme solves the problems of the traditional filter material in the aspects of dust holding capacity, service life, use condition and the like, can effectively reduce the pollution of oily particles to the environment, realizes the washable and reusable function, and has good use safety and environmental protection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a needled nonwoven filter material of three-dimensional tunnel structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the number of layers of a needled nonwoven filter material structure of a three-dimensional tunnel structure;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a needled nonwoven filter material structure of three dimensional channel structure;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the comparison of dust holding capacity of a three-dimensional channel structure of a needled nonwoven filter material structure;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the comparison of the filtration efficiency of a three-dimensional channel structure of a needled nonwoven filter material structure;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the comparison of the resistances of a three-dimensional channel structure of a needled nonwoven filter material;
fig. 7 is a device use comparison diagram of a three-dimensional tunnel structure needled nonwoven filter material structure.
In the figure: 1. a filter body; 2. a top layer; 3. an intermediate layer; 4. a bottom layer; 5. a fibrous layer; 201. a first hole site; 301. a second hole site; 401. and a third hole site.
Detailed Description
The objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model will become more apparent by the following detailed description of the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the description is only illustrative and is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as not to unnecessarily obscure the present utility model.
The first embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1-7, a needled nonwoven filter material structure of three dimensional channel structure, comprising: the filter material comprises a filter material body 1, wherein the filter material body 1 is sequentially provided with a top layer 2, a middle layer 3 and a bottom layer 4 from the windward direction; the top layer 2 and the bottom layer 4 are respectively provided with a fiber layer 5 which is arranged at an angle with the horizontal plane, and the middle layer 3 is filled with long fiber monofilaments.
In a preferred embodiment, the angle between the fibre layers 5 of the top layer 2 and the bottom layer 4 and the horizontal plane is 20 ° and 15 °, respectively.
In the preferred embodiment, the fiber layers 5 of the top layer 2 are loosely arranged, the filling density is 40% -60%, the needling efficiency is improved, the needling breaking rate is reduced, fibers are effectively grasped, and the weaving pores are larger.
In the preferred embodiment, the fiber layers 5 of the bottom layer 4 are densely arranged, the filling density is 50% -70%, the length of the needles is short, the efficiency of the needles is improved, the needle breakage rate is reduced, and the knitting structure is compact.
In the preferred embodiment, the fiber packing density of the middle layer 3 is 45% -65%, the length of the pricking pin is shorter, the structure for improving the efficiency of the pricking pin is more compact, the fibers of the middle layer 3 are arranged in a vertical state and used for treating larger oil smoke particles, a larger oil containing space is provided, and the filtering requirements of air flow with larger oil content and long-time use are met.
In a preferred embodiment, the top layer 2 has a thickness of 1-2cm, the middle layer 3 has a thickness of 2-6cm, and the bottom layer 4 has a thickness of 1-2cm.
In the preferred embodiment, the filter material body 1 is prepared by selecting one material of polyurethane fiber, polytetrafluoroethylene fiber and polypropylene fiber; the polyurethane fiber is selected to effectively bear acid-base corrosion, is generally insoluble in a solvent, ensures chemical stability of the filter material body 1, can be continuously used by leaching with hot alkaline substances when cleaning is needed, does not need other maintenance, improves the utilization of the filter material body 1, can be repeatedly used, has excellent adsorption and penetration performances, and can effectively remove low-concentration harmful substances which are difficult to separate in a common method in an adsorption process.
In the preferred embodiment, the top layer 2, the middle layer 3 and the bottom layer 4 are respectively provided with a first hole site 201, a second hole site 301 and a third hole site 401, and the diameters of the three are respectively 60-70 mu m,45-55 mu m and 30-42 mu m; the fume particles mixed in the air can be filtered and adsorbed layer by layer, the top layer with the first hole site is used for adsorbing and filtering larger particles, the second hole site smaller than the bottom layer is used for further removing fine particles, and the adsorption effect is ensured
In a preferred embodiment, the top layer 2, middle layer 3 and bottom layer 4 have a porosity of 0.8, which is effective in filtering the oil and gas and which allows the oil and gas to percolate therethrough.
In a preferred embodiment, the fibrous layers 5 of the bottom layer 4 and the intermediate layer 3 are each 4 μm thick, and the fibrous layers 5 at the top layer 2 are each 2-4 μm thick.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The manufacturing method of the needled non-woven fabric filter material for the three-dimensional pore canal structure comprises the following steps of;
coarse scattering: the non-woven fabric material for manufacturing the three-dimensional filter material can be transported to a specific processing plant after leaving a factory, chemical fibers of the non-woven fabric material can be roughly broken up, and the internal structure of the non-woven fabric material is in a loose state, so that other subsequent process flows are facilitated.
Finely scattering: the coarse and fine scattering is further carried out on the material, at the moment, the entropy enhancement degree of molecules in the chemical fiber is increased, the unordered thermal movement rate of the molecules is accelerated, the microstructure of the fiber is further scattered, and the requirement of subsequent modification is further met.
Shaping: shaping and cutting the finely dispersed material according to the specification required by the filter material, so that the whole filter material reaches the specific required size, carding and paving the filter material into a fiber net, and obtaining the filter material base material which is not formed yet.
Modification: the cut filter medium base stock is subjected to oleophobic modification, and the detailed steps are as follows:
top layer: soaking the filter material base stock in a nano silicon dioxide modifier or PFAP (perfluoroalkyl acrylic copolymer) for about 5min by adopting a soaking coating method to obtain oleophobic or super-oleophobic filter material base stock;
the bottom layer: immersing the filter medium base stock into an ethanol solution or a GPTE ethanol solution for about 3min by adopting a dipping coating method to obtain a lipophilic or super-lipophilic filter medium base stock;
needling: the modified filter medium base material is reinforced into cloth through a needle, the needle is provided with a hook needle, the fiber net is repeatedly penetrated, and the hook belt fiber is reinforced to form the needle-punched non-woven fabric. The detailed flow is as follows:
top layer: the adopted hook thorn is 8 degrees, the length of the needle is shorter, the efficiency of the needle is improved, and the broken needle rate is reduced.
An intermediate layer: the adopted needling has the advantages that the needling is a needling with 12 degrees of protruding needling, the weaving holes are smaller, the length of the needling is shorter, and the needling efficiency is improved and the structure is more compact.
The bottom layer: the adopted needling has 15 degrees of needling and no protruding needling, the weaving pores are very small, the needling length is shorter, the needling efficiency is improved, the needling breaking rate is reduced, and the weaving structure is compact.
And (3) drying: and drying the formed filter material in an environment of 60-80 ℃ until the drying is complete.
And (3) cooling: and (3) placing the dried filter material in an environment of 10-20 ℃ for cooling, so that the molecular structure in the chemical fiber tends to be stable, and the function of the chemical fiber is favorably exerted.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
Preferred size of the hole site
The top layer 2, the middle layer 3 and the bottom layer 4 are respectively provided with a first hole site 201, a second hole site 301 and a third hole site 401, and the diameters of the three are respectively 60 mu m,45 mu m and 30 mu m.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
Preferred size of the hole site
The top layer 2, the middle layer 3 and the bottom layer 4 are respectively provided with a first hole site 201, a second hole site 301 and a third hole site 401, and the diameters of the three are respectively 70 mu m,55 mu m and 42 mu m.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
Preferred size of the hole site
The top layer 2, the middle layer 3 and the bottom layer 4 are respectively provided with a first hole site 201, a second hole site 301 and a third hole site 401, and the diameters of the three are 65 mu m,50 mu m and 35 mu m respectively.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments six
Preferred size of the hole site
The top layer 2, the middle layer 3 and the bottom layer 4 are respectively provided with a first hole site 201, a second hole site 301 and a third hole site 401, and the diameters of the three sites are 63 mu m,52 mu m and 38 mu m respectively.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
Preferred dimensions of the thickness of the filter body 1
The top layer 2 has a thickness of 1cm, the middle layer 3 has a thickness of 2cm, and the bottom layer 4 has a thickness of 1cm.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
Preferred dimensions of the thickness of the filter body 1
The top layer 2 has a thickness of 2cm, the middle layer 3 has a thickness of 6cm, and the bottom layer 4 has a thickness of 2cm.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments nine
Preferred dimensions of the thickness of the filter body 1
The top layer 2 has a thickness of 1cm, the middle layer 3 has a thickness of 4cm, and the bottom layer 4 has a thickness of 2cm.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
For practical application of filter body 1
The filter material body 1 has various application modes, can be loaded on other machines by using a wire mesh to improve the filtering efficiency, can be additionally arranged on the front end of other electrostatic adsorption filtering devices by fixing devices such as a pipeline groove and the like, and is suitable for various working conditions; the oily particles are adsorbed and filtered by the front end in a first step, so that the adsorption and filtration pressure of a traditional filtering mode rear end purifying device such as an electrostatic adsorption device is reduced, the rear end energy loss is reduced, the emission reduction efficiency is improved, and the service life is prolonged; from this, filter medium body 1 application scenario is extensive, is applicable to all kinds of trades, like: the paint spraying factory, printing factory, catering industry, glove factory, cold heading workshop and the like have wide applicability.
Detailed description of the utility model eleven
Preferred dimensions for the post-thickness of the fibrous layer 5
The thickness of the fibrous layer 5 of the bottom layer 4 and the intermediate layer 3 is 4 μm and the thickness of the fibrous layer 5 at the top layer 2 is 2 μm.
Detailed description of the utility model twelve
Preferred dimensions for the post-thickness of the fibrous layer 5
The thickness of the fibrous layer 5 of the bottom layer 4 and the intermediate layer 3 is 4 μm and the thickness of the fibrous layer 5 at the top layer 2 is 4 μm.
Detailed description of the utility model thirteen
Preferred dimensions for the post-thickness of the fibrous layer 5
The thickness of the fibrous layer 5 of the bottom layer 4 and the intermediate layer 3 is 4 μm and the thickness of the fibrous layer 5 at the top layer 2 is 3 μm.
Experimental test examples
The standards referenced in the experiments are ISO11155-1, ASHRAE145.1 standards including dust holding capacity, filtration efficiency and resistance;
the specific experimental steps are as follows:
dust holding capacity experiment:
1. the use size is 100cm 2 A piece of the fixture with the size of 100cm is cut 2 And weighed using an electronic balance, recording mass m 1 。
2. The generation concentration of the oil mist generator is adjusted to 75um/m 3 The test flow rate was 36m 3 /h。
3. The test material was mounted to a test fixture and the flow was adjusted to measure 36m 3 Initial resistance at/h.
4. And opening the equipment to perform dust holding experiments.
5. And observing the resistance of the test equipment, and stopping the experiment when the test resistance is increased by 200Pa compared with the initial value.
6. Taking out the measuring filter layer, and weighing the mass record as m 2 。
7. Obtaining the dust holding capacity of the 3D filter material as m 1 -m 2 。
Filtration efficiency experiment:
1. the use size is 100cm 2 A piece of the fixture with the size of 100cm is cut 2 Is provided.
2. Generating DEHS particles using an oily particle generator, and adjusting the generation concentration of the oily particle generator to 75um/m 3 The test flow rate was adjusted to 36m 3 /h。
3. The test material is mounted to a test fixture.
4. The apparatus was turned on and the amount of particulate matter upstream and downstream within the filter material 10s was tested by a particle counter.
5. The filtration efficiency was calculated.
With reference to fig. 6, compared with a traditional G4 primary filter, the filter body 1 has smaller wind resistance, and can effectively ensure that air flow smoothly passes, thereby improving the filtering effect and the overall working efficiency (in the figure, the left upright column is the lowest value, and the right upright column is the highest value);
as shown in the combination of fig. 4, compared with the G4 grade primary filter, the dust holding capacity of the filter material body 1 is improved by 250G, the higher filtering efficiency is maintained, and the self-purification effect on the oil smoke is effectively ensured;
compared with the traditional filter material, the filter material body 1 has the advantages that the filter efficiency, the service life and the resistance to air are greatly improved, wherein the service life is prolonged by more than 3 times, the service time of the filter material body is effectively prolonged, and the running cost is reduced;
referring to fig. 7, the filtering efficiency of the filter medium body 1 applied by the equipment has good filtering effect compared with the centrifugal type oil fume purifying equipment and the electrostatic type oil fume purifying equipment, especially, compared with the centrifugal type oil fume purifying equipment, the effect is improved by nearly 50 percent, and the electrostatic type oil fume purifying equipment is improved by nearly 5-10 percent, meanwhile, the self efficiency does not change with the increase of time, the stable filtering effect is achieved, and the electrostatic type oil fume purifying equipment has the advantages that the efficiency gradually decreases and undulates greatly with the passage of time (the 3D filter medium, the electrostatic type oil fume purifying equipment and the centrifugal type oil fume purifying equipment are sequentially arranged from top to bottom in the figure)
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present utility model are merely illustrative of or explanation of the principles of the present utility model and are in no way limiting of the utility model. Accordingly, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model should be included in the scope of the present utility model. Furthermore, the appended claims are intended to cover all such changes and modifications that fall within the scope and boundary of the appended claims, or equivalents of such scope and boundary.
Claims (10)
1. A needled nonwoven filter material structure of three-dimensional duct structure, comprising:
the filter material comprises a filter material body (1), wherein a top layer (2), a middle layer (3) and a bottom layer (4) are sequentially arranged in the direction of a windward side of the filter material body (1); the top layer (2) and the bottom layer (4) are respectively provided with a fiber layer (5) which is arranged at an angle with the horizontal plane, and the middle layer (3) is filled with long fiber monofilaments.
2. The three-dimensional structured needled nonwoven filter material structure of claim 1, wherein: the included angles between the fiber layers (5) of the top layer (2) and the bottom layer (4) and the horizontal plane are 20 degrees and 15 degrees respectively.
3. The three-dimensional structured needled nonwoven filter material structure of claim 1, wherein: the fiber layers (5) of the top layer (2) are loosely arranged, and the filling density is 40% -60%.
4. The three-dimensional structured needled nonwoven filter material structure of claim 1, wherein: the fiber layers (5) of the bottom layer (4) are densely arranged, and the filling density is 50% -70%.
5. The three-dimensional structured needled nonwoven filter material structure of claim 1, wherein: the fiber packing density of the middle layer (3) is 45% -65%.
6. The three-dimensional structured needled nonwoven filter material structure of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the top layer (2) is 1-2cm, the thickness of the middle layer (3) is 2-6cm, and the thickness of the bottom layer (4) is 1-2cm.
7. The three-dimensional structured needled nonwoven filter material structure of claim 1, wherein: the filter material body (1) is prepared from any one of polyurethane fiber, polytetrafluoroethylene fiber and polypropylene fiber.
8. The three-dimensional structured needled nonwoven filter material structure of claim 1, wherein: the top layer (2), the middle layer (3) and the bottom layer (4) are respectively provided with a first hole site (201), a second hole site (301) and a third hole site (401), the diameter of the first hole site (201) is 60-70 mu m, the diameter of the second hole site (301) is 45-55 mu m, and the diameter of the third hole site (401) is 30-42 mu m.
9. The three-dimensional structured needled nonwoven filter material structure of claim 8 wherein: the porosity of the top layer (2), the middle layer (3) and the bottom layer (4) is 0.8.
10. The three-dimensional structured needled nonwoven filter material structure of claim 1, wherein: the thicknesses of the fiber layers (5) of the bottom layer (4) and the middle layer (3) are 4 mu m, and the thickness of the fiber layer (5) at the top layer (2) is 2-4 mu m.
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