CN220671587U - Cell thermal runaway test device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of battery production, and discloses a battery cell thermal runaway test device. The battery cell thermal runaway test device comprises an explosion-proof box, a damage assembly and a fixing clamp, wherein the explosion-proof box is provided with a closed space for placing a battery cell to be tested; the breaking assembly is connected to the explosion-proof box and used for enabling the battery core to be tested to generate thermal runaway; the mounting fixture sets up in the inside diapire of explosion-proof case, and mounting fixture includes two relative settings and can be close to each other or the clamping support that keeps away from, and two clamping supports are used for pressing from both sides the tight fixed electric core that awaits measuring. The battery cell thermal runaway test device can carry out thermal runaway tests on battery cell monomers with different sizes, is good in universality, simple in structure, high in test safety and accurate in result, and can also reduce test cost.

Description

Cell thermal runaway test device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of battery production, in particular to a thermal runaway test device for a battery cell.

Background

With the increasing popularity of new energy automobiles, lithium ion power batteries gradually become the main stream of core components of electric automobiles with the unique advantages of high voltage, high specific energy, long cycle life, low self-discharge, environmental friendliness and the like. In order to further solve the problem of mileage anxiety of the electric automobile and promote the industrialization process of new energy automobiles, the energy density of the power battery for the automobile is gradually improved, and the improvement of specific energy of the anode and cathode materials is mainly reflected. However, as the specific energy of the anode and cathode materials is increased, the thermal stability of the lithium ion battery is reduced, and the thermal runaway risk of the lithium ion battery is increased, which brings potential safety hazards to the electric automobile. Therefore, how to test and analyze the thermal runaway protection performance of the battery before manufacturing the battery is becoming an important point in the battery manufacturing technology field.

In the prior art, the battery thermal runaway test is generally carried out in a container of a testing mechanism, no special testing device is provided, the testing container cannot provide a completely closed environment for the battery in the test process due to the limitation of the testing container, and the battery is easily pushed by a puncture needle to deviate during the puncture test, so that the test result is inaccurate; meanwhile, the universality of the test container is poor, and the corresponding test container needs to be adjusted in each test, so that the test cost is high, the test period is long, and the production of the battery is not facilitated.

Therefore, it is desirable to provide a novel cell thermal runaway test device, so as to solve the above technical problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a battery cell thermal runaway test device which can carry out thermal runaway tests on battery cell monomers with different sizes, has good universality, high test safety and accurate results, and can reduce test cost.

To achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

the battery cell thermal runaway test device comprises an explosion-proof box, a damage assembly and a fixing clamp, wherein the explosion-proof box is provided with a closed space for placing a battery cell to be tested; the destruction component is connected to the explosion-proof box and used for causing the battery cell to be tested to generate thermal runaway; the fixing clamp is arranged on the inner bottom wall of the explosion-proof box and comprises two clamping brackets which are oppositely arranged and can be mutually close to or far away from each other, and the two clamping brackets are used for clamping and fixing the battery cell to be tested.

Optionally, the clamping bracket includes a clamping portion and a sliding portion, where the clamping portion is configured to abut against the to-be-tested battery cell, and the sliding portion is slidably connected to an inner bottom wall of the explosion-proof case.

Optionally, a plurality of reinforcing plates distributed at intervals are further arranged between the clamping part and the sliding part.

Optionally, either one of the bottom wall of the explosion-proof box and the bottom wall of the clamping bracket is provided with a guide rail, and the other one is provided with a sliding block matched with the guide rail.

Optionally, a guide rail is disposed on the bottom wall of the explosion-proof box, a fixing member is fixedly disposed on the guide rail, and a slotted hole in sliding connection with the fixing member is formed in the sliding portion.

Optionally, the fixing clamp further includes a plurality of connecting pieces distributed at intervals, and two ends of the connecting pieces are respectively used for connecting two oppositely arranged clamping portions.

Optionally, the explosion-proof box includes upper cover and lower box, and the sealed lock of above-mentioned upper cover is in the opening of above-mentioned lower box, and the detachable connection of above-mentioned upper cover and above-mentioned lower box.

Optionally, a sealing strip is further clamped between the upper cover and the lower box body.

Optionally, an explosion-proof valve is arranged on the side wall of the explosion-proof box.

Optionally, the breaking assembly includes a puncture needle penetrating through a sidewall of the explosion-proof case.

The beneficial effects are that:

according to the battery cell thermal runaway test device, the battery cell to be tested is accommodated by the explosion-proof box, the battery cell to be tested is clamped and fixed by the fixing clamp in the explosion-proof box, and the damage assembly is arranged on the explosion-proof box, so that the battery cell to be tested is damaged to generate the thermal runaway phenomenon. When a thermal runaway test is carried out, the battery cell to be tested is clamped and fixed by the fixing clamp, and the damage component does not move under the force in the process of applying the force to the battery cell to be tested, so that the safety of the test process and the accuracy of the test result are ensured; meanwhile, the fixing clamp comprises two fixing brackets which can be relatively close to or far away from each other, when the fixing clamp is applied to the to-be-tested battery cells with different sizes, the fixing clamp can only adjust the distance between the two fixing brackets, and the fixing clamp is simple in structure, good in compatibility and universality and capable of reducing the cost of thermal runaway tests.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a top view of a battery cell thermal runaway test apparatus with a cover removed according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is an isometric view of a battery cell thermal runaway test apparatus with a cover removed according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 3 is an exploded view of a thermal runaway test device for a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

In the figure:

10. a cell to be tested; 110. an upper cover; 111. up-flanging; 120. a lower box body; 121. a lower flanging is carried out; 122. an explosion-proof valve; 130. a sealing strip; 140. a fixing bolt; 200. a puncture needle; 300. clamping a bracket; 310. a clamping part; 320. a sliding part; 321. a guide rail; 322. a fixing member; 330. a reinforcing plate; 340. and a connecting piece.

Detailed Description

The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the utility model and are not limiting thereof. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the structures related to the present utility model are shown in the drawings.

In the description of the present utility model, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In the present utility model, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc. orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely for distinguishing between descriptions and not for distinguishing between them.

The electrical core thermal runaway test device in this embodiment is used for testing the thermal runaway phenomenon of the electrical core 10 to be tested, and the mechanism of thermal runaway of the electrical core 10 to be tested is that the electrical core 10 to be tested is deformed and damaged due to the action of external force, and the main forms include collision, extrusion and puncture, and in this embodiment, the needle punching mode is adopted. The following describes in detail the structural scheme and the method of using the cell thermal runaway test device in this embodiment with reference to fig. 1 to 3:

as shown in fig. 1, the cell thermal runaway test device comprises an explosion-proof box, a breaking assembly and a fixing clamp, wherein the explosion-proof box is provided with a closed space for placing a cell 10 to be tested; the breaking assembly is connected to the explosion-proof box and is used for causing thermal runaway of the battery cell 10 to be tested; the fixing clamp is disposed on the bottom wall of the explosion-proof box, and includes two clamping brackets 300 disposed opposite to each other and capable of approaching to or separating from each other, and the two clamping brackets 300 are used for clamping and fixing the battery cell 10 to be tested.

The battery cell thermal runaway test device in the embodiment utilizes the explosion-proof box to contain the battery cell 10 to be tested, and the battery cell 10 to be tested is clamped and fixed by a fixing clamp in the explosion-proof box, and the damage component is arranged on the explosion-proof box, so that the battery cell 10 to be tested can be damaged to generate the thermal runaway phenomenon. Because the battery cell 10 to be tested is clamped and fixed by the fixing clamp when the thermal runaway test is carried out, the battery cell 10 to be tested cannot be forced to move in the process of applying force to the battery cell 10 to be tested by the damage component, so that the safety of the test process and the accuracy of the test result are ensured; meanwhile, since the fixing clamp comprises two fixing brackets which can be relatively close to or far away from each other, when the fixing clamp is applied to the to-be-tested battery cells 10 with different sizes, the fixing clamp can only adjust the distance between the two fixing brackets, has a simple structure and good compatibility and universality, and can reduce the cost of a thermal runaway test.

With continued reference to fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the side wall of the explosion proof tank is provided with an explosion proof valve 122. The explosion-proof valve 122 can automatically release pressure when the internal pressure of the explosion-proof box exceeds a preset value, so that the explosion-proof box is prevented from being broken and exploded due to the overlarge internal pressure of the explosion-proof box, and the safety and reliability of the explosion-proof box during use are ensured. The explosion-proof valve 122 may be a single-use rupturable membrane or a pressure release valve for pressure release, and is not particularly limited in this embodiment.

Further, the breaking unit includes a puncture needle 200 penetrating through a sidewall of the explosion-proof case. The puncture needle 200 in this embodiment is a steel needle, and is sealed to be penetrated on the side wall of the lower case 120 of the explosion-proof case, and in this embodiment, the manner of needling is used to make the to-be-tested battery cell 10 generate a thermal runaway phenomenon, so that the principle and structure are simple, the thermal runaway phenomenon is generated rapidly, the test cost can be reduced, and the test efficiency can be improved.

The puncture needle 200 and the explosion-proof valve 122 in this embodiment are oppositely disposed on two sidewalls of the lower case 120 and face opposite to two sidewalls of the battery cell 10 to be tested, so that the puncture needle 200 can accurately puncture the battery cell 10 to be tested, and can timely release pressure from the explosion-proof valve 122, and interference occurs between the wall explosion-proof valve 122 and the puncture needle 200.

Referring to fig. 3, the structure of each component in the present embodiment will be described in detail.

First, the structure of the clamping bracket 300 of the fixture is described, and optionally, the clamping bracket 300 includes a clamping portion 310 and a sliding portion 320, which are vertically connected to each other, the clamping portion 310 is used for abutting against the battery cell 10 to be tested, and the sliding portion 320 is slidably connected to the inner bottom wall of the explosion-proof box. The clamping portion 310 and the sliding portion 320 in this embodiment are both plates and are mutually perpendicular, which not only has a simple structure and light weight, but also enables the sliding portion 320 to be stably connected with the inner bottom wall of the explosion-proof box, and ensures that the clamping portion 310 is completely attached to the side wall of the battery cell 10 to be tested, thereby ensuring the stability of clamping and fixing the battery cell 10 to be tested, and further avoiding the battery cell 10 to be tested from slipping when being stressed.

Further, a plurality of reinforcing plates 330 are disposed between the clamping portion 310 and the sliding portion 320. The reinforcing plate 330 can play a supporting role on the clamping portion 310, so that the clamping portion 310 is prevented from deforming and bending when abutting against the side wall of the battery cell 10 to be tested, the stability of clamping and fixing the battery cell 10 to be tested is ensured, and the battery cell 10 to be tested is prevented from sliding.

Alternatively, either one of the inner bottom wall of the explosion proof case and the bottom wall of the clamping bracket 300 is provided with a guide rail 321, and the other is provided with a slider engaged with the guide rail 321. In this embodiment, the explosion-proof box is provided with a guide rail 321, and the sliding part 320 of the clamping bracket 300 is provided with a sliding block, so that the clamping bracket 300 can smoothly move in the explosion-proof box and can also play a guiding role; further, the bottom wall inside the lower case 120 in this embodiment is provided with 4 guide rails 321, and two parallel guide rails 321 are disposed below each sliding portion 320, which can not only play a guiding role, but also provide a supporting force opposite to the puncture direction of the puncture needle 200 for the clamping bracket 300, and slide the wall fixing clamp and the battery cell 10 to be tested.

Specifically, the guide rail 321 is provided at the inner bottom wall of the explosion-proof box, and the slider 320 is further provided with a fixing piece 322, and the fixing piece 322 can be fixed to the guide rail 321. By penetrating the fixing piece 322 to the sliding portion 320, when the fixing piece 322 is screwed to be fixed to the guide rail 321, the clamping bracket 300 can be fixed to the guide rail 321, and the clamping fixing effect of the two clamping brackets 300 can be ensured; the fixing member 322 is a fastening member such as a bolt, and will not be described herein.

In another alternative embodiment, the difference from the above embodiment is that the bottom wall of the explosion-proof box is provided with a guide rail 321, the guide rail 321 is fixedly provided with a fixing member 322, and the sliding portion 320 is provided with a slotted hole slidably connected with the fixing member 322. The sliding connection between the clamping bracket 300 and the guide rail 321 can be realized through the sliding connection between the circular hole and the fixing piece 322, so as to provide a guiding function for the movement of the clamping bracket 300, which is not repeated here.

Optionally, the fixing clamp further includes a plurality of connecting members 340 spaced apart from each other, and two ends of the connecting members 340 are respectively connected to the two oppositely disposed clamping portions 310. When the two clamping brackets 300 are relatively close to and abutted against the side wall surface of the battery cell 10 to be tested, the connecting piece 340 can provide tension for the two clamping brackets 300, so that the two clamping brackets 300 can be tensioned and tightly attached to the side wall of the battery cell 10 to be tested, the stability and the reliability of the fixing clamp are improved, and the battery cell 10 to be tested is further prevented from slipping; the connecting member 340 is a fastening member such as a bolt, and will not be described herein.

Next, the structure of the explosion proof tank in the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to fig. 3. Optionally, the explosion-proof box includes an upper cover 110 and a lower box 120, the upper cover 110 is sealed and fastened to an opening of the lower box 120, and the upper cover 110 is detachably connected to the lower box 120. Because the upper cover 110 is detachably connected with the lower box 120, the upper cover 110 can be conveniently detached and the battery cell 10 to be tested is put in, so that multiple thermal runaway tests can be conveniently performed, and the test efficiency is improved. Specifically, the outer edge of the upper cover 110 is provided with an upper flanging 111, the outer edge of the opening of the lower box body 120 is provided with a lower flanging 121, and the upper flanging 111 and the lower flanging 121 are provided with a plurality of through holes for penetrating the fixing bolts 140, so that the upper cover 110 is tightly buckled on the lower box body 120.

As a preferred embodiment, a sealing strip 130 is further interposed between the upper cover 110 and the lower case 120. Specifically, the sealing strip 130 is disposed between the upper flange 111 and the lower flange 121, and the sealing strip 130 is a deformable sealing member such as a rubber ring or a sealing felt, so that the upper cover 110 and the lower case 120 can be ensured to be completely sealed, gas leakage during a test can be prevented, and accuracy and reliability of a test result can be ensured.

Finally, describing the use method of the battery cell thermal runaway test device in detail, firstly placing the battery cell 10 to be tested between two clamping brackets 300, clamping the brackets 300 on the sliding guide rail 321, enabling the clamping brackets 300 to be abutted against the battery cell 10 to be tested, then screwing the connecting piece 340 and the fixing piece 322, completing clamping fixation of the battery cell 10 to be tested, limiting sliding of the battery cell 10 to be tested, avoiding sliding of the battery cell 10 to be tested caused by stress of the puncture needle 200 in the process of puncturing the battery cell 10 to be tested, and finally buckling the upper cover 110 at the opening of the lower box 120, so as to ensure internal sealing of the explosion-proof box, puncturing the battery cell 10 to be tested by the puncture needle 200 in the thermal runaway test, and relieving pressure through the explosion-proof valve 122 after the battery cell 10 to be tested is in thermal runaway, thus completing the thermal runaway test of the battery cell 10 to be tested.

It is to be understood that the above examples of the present utility model are provided for clarity of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments of the present utility model. Various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the utility model. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the utility model are desired to be protected by the following claims.

Claims (10)

1. Cell thermal runaway test device, its characterized in that includes:

the explosion-proof box is provided with a closed space for placing the battery cell (10) to be tested;

a breaking assembly connected to the explosion-proof tank and adapted to cause thermal runaway of the cell (10) to be tested;

the fixing clamp is arranged on the inner bottom wall of the explosion-proof box and comprises two clamping supports (300) which are oppositely arranged and can be mutually close to or far away from each other, and the two clamping supports (300) are used for clamping and fixing the battery cell (10) to be tested.

2. The cell thermal runaway test device according to claim 1, wherein the clamping bracket (300) comprises a clamping portion (310) and a sliding portion (320) which are connected perpendicularly to each other, the clamping portion (310) is used for abutting against the cell (10) to be tested, and the sliding portion (320) is slidably connected to an inner bottom wall of the explosion-proof box.

3. The cell thermal runaway test device according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of reinforcing plates (330) are further arranged between the clamping portion (310) and the sliding portion (320) at intervals.

4. The cell thermal runaway test device according to claim 2, wherein either one of the inner bottom wall of the explosion-proof box and the bottom wall of the clamping bracket (300) is provided with a guide rail (321), and the other is provided with a slider that cooperates with the guide rail (321).

5. The cell thermal runaway test device according to claim 2, wherein a guide rail (321) is arranged on the inner bottom wall of the explosion-proof box, a fixing piece (322) is fixedly arranged on the guide rail (321), and a slotted hole which is in sliding connection with the fixing piece (322) is formed in the sliding portion (320).

6. The cell thermal runaway test device according to claim 2, wherein the fixing clamp further comprises a plurality of connecting pieces (340) which are distributed at intervals, and two ends of each connecting piece (340) are respectively used for connecting two oppositely arranged clamping portions (310).

7. The electrical core thermal runaway test device according to claim 1, wherein the explosion-proof box comprises an upper cover (110) and a lower box body (120), the upper cover (110) is buckled with an opening of the lower box body (120) in a sealing manner, and the upper cover (110) is detachably connected with the lower box body (120).

8. The cell thermal runaway test device according to claim 7, wherein a sealing strip (130) is further interposed between the upper cover (110) and the lower case (120).

9. The cell thermal runaway test device according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the explosion proof tank side wall is provided with an explosion proof valve (122).

10. The cell thermal runaway testing apparatus according to any of claims 1-8, wherein said breaking assembly comprises a puncture needle (200) penetrating a sidewall of said explosion proof housing.