CN2206515Y

CN2206515Y - Power-assistant motor

Info

Publication number: CN2206515Y
Application number: CN 94229348
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李宜和
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1994-08-15
Filing date: 1994-08-15
Publication date: 1995-08-30
Anticipated expiration: 2004-08-15

Abstract

The utility model relates to a power-assistant motor; a fixed magnetic loop is fixedly arranged in the casing cover of the motor and at least three sensing and measuring devices composed of HALLIC are arranged on proper angular positions of an electric motor for sensing and measuring as well as generating brushless change-over sequence signal of the fixed magnetic loop. In addition, a corresponding sensing and measuring device for rotation speed is arranged between the outer part of the casing cover of the motor and wheel covers for back feeding the rotation speed of wheels with a control circuit which can count in formulas, and when the rotation speed of wheels reaches a definite predetermined rotation speed, the control circuit start up a motor control circuit to enable a rotor to rotate for forming a power-assistant structure. The utility model really has a novel design, particularly the running efficiency and the practical efficiency of the integral automatic power-assistant system assembly and the power-assistant system for lifting bicycles.

Description

Power-assistant motor

The utility model relates to a kind of structure of auxiliary driving motor, especially refer to a kind of wheel auxiliary power structure that is applied to, and the magnet ring of deciding that has concurrently with a tool three phase windings cooperates the fixed-field rotor disk that is incorporated into wheel cover with a rotating shaft, and be incorporated on the motor angle position of deciding magnet ring with several HALL IC, feedback and produce and decide magnet ring commutation signal, improve and the wheel auxiliary driving motor structure of creativity and form a brushless commutation and have.

Press, bicycle (being bicycle) is widely used in one of popular traffic means of transport, especially generally pay attention under the trend of environmental protection and air quality with people in recent years, real is one of vehicles of future ideality, yet, the existing for a long time dynamical problem of bicycle, fail to be settled properly effectively always, such as bicycle when the long-distance running, owing to need be dependent on manpower (riding) motion mode, make bicycle obtain the power-assisted running and travel, after travelling for a long time always, the driver will be felt exhausted, thereby the stroke force of limiting to its long-distance running, the power that continues and speed, and can't bring into play the efficient that bicycle is ridden instead of walk efficiently, therefore, usually the then many vehicles of riding instead of walk of bicycle as short distance or leisure, and can't be as being useful for as automobile and the locomotive in the occasion that long-distance running rides instead of walk.

So, though some people has been devoted to develop a kind of electric bicycle product that installs electric-powered system additional, but with the electric bicycle structure that general dealer was developed, then commutate and all exist problem in the practicality aspect four, below listed with its problem that exists now at control system, dynamical system, lead design and motor:

(1) control system: because designed electric bicycle structure, directly install additional with electro-motor on the wheel shaft of bicycle, directly to break the circuit of connecting between storage battery and electro-motor by starting switch control, advance and make electro-motor supply with the auxiliary driving dynamics of bicycle, yet the auxiliary power control system of opening loop (OPEN LOOP) with this kind unistage type, will be owing to starting switch in case connect, then electro-motor promptly adds all on the wheel shaft of bicycle with full torque and power, be difficult for and cause the driver to control speed, there are careless mistake or manual operation improper slightly, then very easily stall and caused unexpected disaster to take place; In addition, control with the output that this kind decided electric current, decides voltage, decides rotating speed and decide torque, not only make electro-motor suitably allocate outputting power according to bicycle running speed and state automatically, and make the long-time less efficiently offered load of this electric power system (storage battery), and cause electric power to exhaust very soon, and influence its continue power and stroke range.

(2) dynamical system: general electric bicycle, its electro-motor adopts the conventional cylinder pattern, rectification is also given and silicon steel sheet coiling group separated structures, not only comparatively heavy, and volume is excessive and width is oversize, be difficult to be applicable in fact and be particular about especially on the light and handy quick bicycle shaft dynamical system of operation, such as No. 3897843 case of the novel patent of U.S. utility of being applied on August 5th, 1975, because of the shortcoming of above-mentioned dynamical system design, can the practical publicly traded sale of patented product and can't see it always.

(3) lead design: general electric bicycle, the power supply of this electro-motor and control lead-in wire are directly to pass from the electro-motor shell, and be connected to respectively on power supply or the starting switch, but it is because far away excessively apart from central shaft, and be difficult to design the bigger center bearing seat that uses for the wheel rim shell, avoiding this lead-in wire and its to mix strand, and do not have a practical function.

(4) motor commutation: general electric bicycle, be to adopt the d.c. motor of traditional round tubular in the majority, so generally speaking, except above-mentioned taking up space is difficult for the installing, still in motor commutation part, it also is the reversing mode that adopts traditional brush and commutator segment contact, so it is then comparatively complicated in design in the motor commutating structure, such as: inseparable relation is arranged between number of segment and umber of turn, need in addition accurately to calculate and cooperate, and with the commutation action of brush and commutator segment contact, after using a certain period, then have Brush Grinding and undermine the commutator segment damage, so the useful life of its motor is very short, and impracticable.

Because the above-mentioned ubiquitous problem of electric bicycle structure commonly used can learn obviously that the present electric bicycle of developing still is limited to the experiment improvement stage, and can't reach kind to the greatest extent perfect practical boundary.

Main purpose of the present utility model provides a kind of novel structure of auxiliary driving motor, be that silicon steel sheet is formed and the magnet ring of deciding of tool three phase windings is fixedly arranged in the motor shell to approach, and in this motor shell, cooperate rotor disk again with a fixed magnetic field, close on rotation shaft of wheel by this rotor disk pivot, and by the rotating shaft of this rotor disk in conjunction with use the geared wheel lid with a planet gear train, to make wheel be subjected to the transmission of rotor disk, and the power line that should decide magnet ring then passes via the reserving hole of rotation shaft of wheel one side, light and handy to form a volume, and be suitable for cycle wheel and use the dress group, and do not influence the operating structure of bicycle, and load onto in structural group, reach effect practical and improvement.

A purpose more of the present utility model provides a kind of auxiliary driving motor novel structure, especially with wherein, the winding coil that should decide on the magnet ring is to be three-phase star (Y wiring) wiring construction, and the position that is this inboard particular motor angle then is respectively equipped with at least three HALL(Halls) IC, to detect and to provide this power supply of deciding magnet ring commutation sequential, and the holding wire of this HALL IC reaches the power line of deciding magnet ring and then is linked to a motor control circuit, the commutation clock signal that is provided according to HALL IC by this motor control circuit, direct current pulse wave power supply when sending respectively as the three-phase ac power supply sequential, so that the coil that should decide in the magnet ring also produces as three-phase Y connection magnetic field, and make fixed-field in this rotor disk be cut and flux change influences and does reciprocal rotation and rotate, and with by this rotor disk geared wheel indirectly, form the vehicle power servo-motor structure of direct current brushless commutation, and the brush and the commutator segment that do not have in the conventional motor wear and tear, and in the commutating structure design, also do not have the complicated problem of traditional d.c. motor commutating structure design and exist.

In addition, another purpose of the present utility model provides a kind of novel structure of auxiliary driving motor, outside and the inboard opposite position of wheel wheel cap place in this motor cap, be respectively equipped with a rotating speed sensor, rotating speed with the sensing wheel, and feedback the control circuit that gives programmable counting with measured vehicle wheel rotational speed signal, by this control circuit when vehicle wheel rotational speed reaches a certain specific speed per hour, give the starter control circuit, and provide the magnet ring of deciding that gives in this motor cap as the DC power supply of three-phase sequential to drive the rotor disk running by motor control circuit, simultaneously, when this motor control circuit starts, and can be by rotary handle according to rotary manipulation (as the throttle operation of motorcycle) mode, and control the output current of this motor control circuit, make power-assisted motor output speed of the present utility model, torque and power, be able to be adjusted control according to use or vehicle running state by user or vehicle driver, and the control of the auxiliary power when making bicycle running more accurately and stable, and benefit increases fail safe of the present utility model and efficient.

Other purposes of the present utility model and detailed construction will be made it clear and definite by the following description, simultaneously, cooperate and will consult appended each figure, technology contents of the present utility model and practical effect be disclosed understand.

The utility model comprises decides magnet ring, rotor disk, rotating shaft, bearing, bearing seat, row amount gear train, the gear band Moving plate, wheel shaft, hollow mandrel, sleeve member, one-way clutch, two match motor shell lids, the wheel cap, a control circuit and a motor control circuit constitute, wherein, deciding magnet ring and rotor disk is to be coated on motor cap inside, and rotor disk is then by hollow mandrel, sleeve member and bearing pivot are placed in an end of wheel shaft, hollow mandrel is a secure bond with rotor disk mutually then in addition, and through planetary gear, gear driven, sleeve member and one-way clutch and be linked on the wheel cap, by rotor disk drive wheels cap, it is characterized in that: this rotor disk You Wei iron hoop sets firmly the plurality of magnetic iron block in outer rim and constitutes, and be arranged at the inboard of deciding magnet ring, and with decide magnet ring and keep certain air gap; Decide magnet ring in addition and pile up and have the coil windings of three-phase star in the edge with thin silicon steel sheet, and decide on the specific three-phase equilibrium motor angle position of magnet ring in this, be respectively equipped with at least three HALL IC, relative commutation clock signal when rotating gives this motor control circuit with sensing and generation rotor disk; And this motor control circuit then constitutes for the circuit with the direct current pulse wave power supply that produces as be same as the three-phase sequential, and so that the direct current pulse wave power supply of deciding the relative three-phase sequential of magnet ring to be provided, rotates and drive stator discs, forms the motor configuration of three-phase brushless commutation.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional decomposition chart of auxiliary driving motor in the utility model;

Fig. 2 is an end view of the present utility model;

Fig. 3 is a part of view, shows the detailed structure of deciding magnet ring in the utility model auxiliary driving motor;

Fig. 4 is the detailed circuit diagram of the utility model control circuit;

Fig. 5 is the action sequence sphygmogram in Fig. 4 circuit diagram;

Fig. 6 is a preferred application illustration of the present utility model.

At first see also shown in Fig. 1～3, auxiliary driving motor in the utility model, include certain magnet ring 10, wherein, should decide magnet ring 10 be that flat silicon steel sheet material piles up as gear shape and constitutes, decide magnet ring 10 edges in this again and then be three-phase yconnected stator structure (promptly general alleged Y connection) in the coil windings mode around knot respectively, and draw respectively by a side and to pick out power line 1A, 1B and 1C(are as shown in Figure 3), should decide in addition magnet ring 10 coil windings on the relative three-phase equilibrium motor angle position respectively combination with a HALL

IC

11,12 and 13, and draw respectively and pick out commutation signal line 2A, 2B, 2C and power supply lead wire 2D and 2E, by HALL IC 11～13 according to the principle of Hall magnetic field effect (because of non-application emphasis of the present utility model so will not describe in detail) sensing and output rotor structure be when rotating relative mechanical angle, decide power line 1A in the magnet ring 10, the relative winding power supply commutation clock signal of 1B and 1C is to constitute a brushless electronic commutation structure.Should also can or decide the detecting sequential of the back electromotive force of magnet ring with the structure of HALL IC as brushless commutation by this rotor disk as brushless commutation.

Decide in addition in the

motor shell

20 and 30 of 10 coatings of magnet ring, two flat disk, and the central part in

motor shell

20 and 30 then is respectively equipped with a

trepanning

21 and 31, another wheel shaft 40, then be provided with a combination order 41 in central part, on the trepanning 21 that makes these wheel shaft 40 locking motor caps 20, other also is that a side hollow out of this wheel shaft 40 is formed with a wire hole 42, for the above-mentioned power line 1A～1C that decides in the magnet ring 10, commutation signal line 2A～2C, power supply lead wire 2D, circuits such as 2E or other signal sensings detect circuit, then by the suitable position of motor cap, be piercing in outside the wheel shaft 40 through wire hole 42, be connected on other control circuits and draw.

Another rotor disk 50, be to cooperate the interior ring size of deciding magnet ring 10 to constitute, and be provided with an axis hole 51 in central part, reaching at this external margin place then, Yi Yi Wei iron hoop 52 constitutes, and in this Wei iron hoop 52 edges in conjunction with several magnet pieces 53, constitute the rotor structure of a permanent-magnetic field in this way, and 51 of the axis holes of this rotor disk 50 see through bearing 60,70 and bearing seat 80 with hollow mandrel 90 and cover is organized on an end of this wheel shaft 40, and this rotor disk 50 is to combine for setting firmly with hollow mandrel 90, maintain certain air gap and make the rim magnet piece 53 of this rotor disk 50 and decide 10 of magnet rings, and form the basic stator of a motor and the structure of rotor.

In addition, this hollow mandrel 90 is in conjunction with on the central gear 110 in the planet gear 100, and form a reducing transmission structure, and with by these rotor disk 50 transmission central gears 110, and the travelling gear 120 of this planetary gear 100,130 and 140 respectively pivot close on each relative pivot 151 of a gear band Moving plate 150 peripheries, to make this planetary gear 100 be able to by travelling gear 120,130 and 140 drive this gear band Moving plate 150 rotations with circular motion respectively, in addition 150 of this gear band Moving plates are provided with a combination bore 152 in central part, to see through a sleeve member 160 covers should the end of wheel shaft 40 and be bonded to an one-way clutch 170(such as a ratchet) on, and make this this one-way clutch 170 of gear band Moving plate 150 transmissions, and 170 of this one-way clutch are incorporated on the inboard of wheel cap 180, to make this wheel cap 180 must be subjected to the indirect drive of this

rotor disk

50, and 180 of this wheel caps see through a bearing 195 sealings by a wheel enclosing cover 190 and cover, and the two ends of this wheel shaft 40 are set in respectively outside wheel cap 180 and the wheel enclosing cover 190.

Other is wheel enclosing cover 190 inboards and opposite position place, motor shell 20 outside, then respectively in conjunction with being provided with a paired rotating

speed sensor

200 and 210, and this rotating

speed sensor

200 and 210 structures that can be paired magnetic reed switch group constitute, that is utilize both when closely the connecing of a certain specific range, detect a pulsation sensing signal by this rotating speed sensor 210, also can detect the relative rotation speed motion of 20 of wheel enclosing cover 190 and motor shells, other also is that this motor cap 20 is provided with at least one temperature detect switch (TDS) 215, to detect the temperature rising state signal of deciding magnet ring 10 and rotor disk 50 of

motor shell

20 and 30 inside, constitute power-assisted motor overall structure of the present utility model.

Please cooperate shown in Fig. 4～5, as auxiliary driving motor structure of the present utility model as described in Fig. 1～3, be in practical application, still need to cooperate and use with a control circuit 220 and motor control circuit 230, wherein, this control circuit 220 is to consist predominantly of a programmable counter MPU, this programmable counter MPU is by the check in rotating speed detection signal of 210 sensings of above-mentioned rotating speed sensor output of input A, and according to default tachometer value, as being example with the utility model, be be rotating speed be higher than 8 kilometers/per hour the time, then the output B output high potential by this programmable counter MPU gives by transistor Q1, the networking is amplified in Q2 and resistor R 1 and the driving that R2 formed, and exports a high potential starter control circuit 230 by the collector output C of this transistor Q2.

230 circuits with electronic power supply phase control function of this motor control circuit constitute, and power line 1A～1C, commutation signal line 2A～2C, power supply lead wire 2D, 2E and temperature detect switch (TDS) 215 in the magnet ring 10 are decided in binding as mentioned above, and have the direct current pulse wave power supply that exchanges the three-phase sequential and give this and decide magnet ring 10 and start rotor disks 50 and drive wheel caps 180 and rotate, and feed back at any time by this commutation signal line 2A～2C and to provide the commutation clock signal to give motor control circuit 230 to provide by this motor control circuit 230; But if when this rotating speed is lower than 6 kilometers, then the output of this programmable counter MPU then is an electronegative potential, that is this moment, this motor control circuit 230 was a closing state, and 50 of rotor disks are failure to actuate; And the state that another kind of rotor disk 50 is failure to actuate is then decided magnet ring 10 and the temperature rise of rotor disk 50 when relative running when too high for this temperature detect switch (TDS) 215 detects this, then can make this motor control circuit 230 close automatically.

Please consult shown in Figure 6 again, as power-assisted motor of the present utility model and relevant control circuit structure thereof as described in above-mentioned Fig. 1～5, on using, then can be applied on the bicycle D as shown in Figure 5, wherein, by these wheel wheel cap 180 combined outside with steel wire or steel disc in the bicycle tyre inboard, and close on the front-wheel fulcrum 1D of this bicycle by these wheel shaft 40 two ends pivots, this control circuit 200 and motor control circuit 230 then can be installed on the appropriate location of bicycle D car body, and can be by storage battery or dc-battery group etc. as its power supply supply, other what deserves to be mentioned is, be the direction operation handlebar 2D end of bicycle D, then be equiped with a rotatable handle 3D, when assisting drive bicycle D tyre rotation to reach 8 kilometers/hour rotor disks 50 that start in the above-mentioned power-assisted motor in the bicycle D speed of a motor vehicle, rotary manipulation by this handle 3D, and change the output speed of the rotor disk 50 of its power-assisted motor, torque and power, so that the driver must be according to travelling road conditions and state, give the output of this power-assisted motor of appropriateness allotment, and make the driver more can be handy when driving bicycle 3D, and then the practical effect of the present utility model that gains, really be a new design not seen before, and the electric bicycle commonly used that the is improved shortcoming and the puzzlement that in the structure of auxiliary driving motor and practicality thereof, are easy to produce.

In addition, the mode of detecting as the commutation sequential with HALL IC11～13 in the utility model, back electromotive force that can also motor itself cooperates motor control circuit 230, detect the mechanical angle of rotor disk 50 when rotating, and identical commutation sequential is provided, and also can reach action and the practical effect identical with the utility model.

In sum, the utility model is one to have the new design of novelty in fact, especially with the combination of accessory power system voluntarily of its integral body and promote the running transfer efficient and the practical effect of bicycle accessory power system.Its volume is little, and is simple to operate, and stable performance is practical, and rotating speed, torque and the power of motor output can be adjusted control according to user's vehicle running state at that time, have improved the fail safe of bicycle running and the useful life of efficient and motor.

Claims

1, a kind of auxiliary driving motor, comprise and decide magnet ring, rotor disk, rotating shaft, bearing, bearing seat, row amount gear train, the gear band Moving plate, wheel shaft, hollow mandrel, sleeve member, one-way clutch, two match motor shell lids, the wheel cap, a control circuit and a motor control circuit constitute, wherein, deciding magnet ring and rotor disk is to be coated on motor cap inside, and rotor disk is then by hollow mandrel, sleeve member and bearing pivot are placed in an end of wheel shaft, hollow mandrel is a secure bond with rotor disk mutually then in addition, and through planetary gear, gear driven, sleeve member and one-way clutch and be linked on the wheel cap, by rotor disk drive wheels cap, it is characterized in that: (50) You Wei iron hoops (52) set firmly plurality of magnetic iron block (53) in outer rim and constitute this rotor disk, and be arranged at the inboard of deciding magnet ring (10), and with decide magnet ring (10) and keep certain air gap; Decide magnet ring (10) in addition and pile up and have the coil windings of three-phase star in the edge with thin silicon steel sheet, and decide on the specific three-phase equilibrium motor angle position of magnet ring (10) in this, be respectively equipped with at least three HALLIC, relative commutation clock signal when rotating gives this motor control circuit with sensing and generation rotor disk (50); And this motor control circuit (230), then constitute for circuit with the direct current pulse wave power supply that produces as be same as the three-phase sequential, and so that the direct current pulse wave power supply of deciding the relative three-phase sequential of magnet ring (10) to be provided, rotate and drive stator discs, form the motor configuration of three-phase brushless commutation.

2, auxiliary driving motor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that this motor cap (20) outside and inboard corresponding position of wheel cap (180), then be respectively equipped with a rotating speed sensor, give control circuit with the relative rotation speed that detects between output wheel cap (180) and motor cap (20), to make this control circuit when the specific rotation speeds, start this motor control circuit (23).

3, auxiliary driving motor as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that rotating speed sensor (200,210) refers to be constituted with paired magnetic reed switch group.

4, auxiliary driving motor as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that control circuit (220) refers to be constituted with a programmable counter MPU.

5, auxiliary driving motor as claimed in claim 1 wherein should also can or be decided the detecting sequential of the back electromotive force of magnet ring (10) as brushless commutation by this rotor disk (50) with the structure of HALL IC as brushless commutation.