CN220629109U

CN220629109U - Stepping motor for controlling operation angle by adopting Hall encoder

Info

Publication number: CN220629109U
Application number: CN202322291874.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王富冈; 戴强; 王嘉鑫; 蒋俊辉
Original assignee: Jiangsu Leili Motor Co Ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Leili Motor Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-08-25
Filing date: 2023-08-25
Publication date: 2024-03-19
Anticipated expiration: 2033-08-25

Abstract

The utility model discloses a stepping motor for controlling an operation angle by adopting a Hall encoder, which comprises a stepping motor and the Hall encoder connected with the stepping motor; the stepping motor comprises a motor shaft, the Hall encoder comprises a PCB circuit board and a magnetic disk, the motor shaft penetrates through the PCB circuit board, and the magnetic disk is fixed on the motor shaft; the PCB circuit board is provided with two Hall elements, the two Hall elements are distributed at 90 degrees by taking the axis of the motor shaft as the vertex, the magnetic disk faces to one surface of the PCB circuit board, where the Hall elements are arranged, and the two Hall elements are used for generating potential difference signals with the magnetic disk in an induction way when the motor drives the magnetic disk to rotate. The utility model provides a stepping motor for controlling an operation angle by adopting a Hall encoder, which uses two Hall elements to increase the angular resolution, has simple structure, easy assembly and low manufacturing cost.

Description

Stepping motor for controlling operation angle by adopting Hall encoder

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a stepping motor for controlling an operation angle by adopting a Hall encoder, and belongs to the technical field of servo motor control.

Background

At present, a stepping motor is an important basic product widely applied to the fields of various high-end equipment such as factory automation, home life automation, office automation and the like as a small motor, and a common stepping motor control system is required to set different driving frequencies according to the running angle and limit of the product. And because the stepping motor has the characteristic of long-term operation angle deviation, and under the condition that the stepping motor is out of step under the condition of external force limiting moment, the stepping motor cannot output a specified rotation angle under fixed frequency, and the setting of increasing the locked-rotor frequency and the resetting control are needed.

In the prior art, a Hall encoder is arranged in a stepping motor to detect the rotating speed and the position of the motor, and the stepping motor has been widely used. Resolution is an important performance indicator of a hall encoder, and resolution refers to the ability of the hall encoder to sense the smallest change measured. When the input variation value does not exceed a certain value, the output of the Hall encoder cannot be changed, namely the change of the input quantity is indistinguishable by the Hall encoder. Only when the input amount changes beyond the resolution will its output change. Therefore, how to realize high resolution while detecting the rotation speed and the position of the motor is a problem that is currently urgently needed to be solved.

Invention of the utility model

The utility model aims to solve the technical problems of overcoming the defects of the prior art and providing a stepping motor adopting a Hall encoder to control the operation angle, wherein the two Hall elements are used for increasing the angular resolution, and the stepping motor has the advantages of simple structure, easy assembly and low manufacturing cost.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

a stepping motor for controlling the operation angle by adopting a Hall encoder comprises a stepping motor and the Hall encoder connected with the stepping motor;

the stepping motor comprises a motor shaft, the Hall encoder comprises a PCB circuit board and a magnetic disk, the motor shaft penetrates through the PCB circuit board, and the magnetic disk is fixed on the motor shaft;

the PCB circuit board is provided with two Hall elements, the two Hall elements are distributed at 90 degrees by taking the axis of the motor shaft as the vertex, the magnetic disk faces to one surface of the PCB circuit board, where the Hall elements are arranged, and the two Hall elements are used for generating potential difference signals with the magnetic disk in an induction way when the motor drives the magnetic disk to rotate.

Further, the magnetic disk is a multi-polar magnet.

Further, the motor shaft is a double flat shaft, double flat holes matched with the motor shaft are formed in the magnetic disk, and the magnetic disk is sleeved on the motor shaft and fastened through a limiting fastener.

Further, the outer wall of the motor shaft is provided with a clamping groove for installing a limit fastener.

Further, the stepping motor further comprises a shell assembly and a motor outlet box, wherein the shell assembly comprises a shell and an end cover, the end cover is fixed at the end part of the shell, and the motor outlet box is fixed on the side wall of the shell.

Further, a mounting plate is arranged on the side wall of the shell, a mounting part corresponding to the mounting plate is arranged on the PCB, and mounting holes are formed in the mounting plate and the mounting part.

Further, an output hole for the motor shaft to penetrate out is formed in the end cover, a flanging is arranged on the output hole, a positioning through hole for the motor shaft to penetrate through is formed in the PCB, and the positioning through hole is in clearance fit with the flanging.

Further, the PCB circuit board is provided with a copper foil circuit and a connecting socket, the copper foil circuit is coated with three-proofing paint and is coated with an insulating tape, and the welding point of the connecting socket and the PCB circuit board is coated with UV glue.

Further, the joint of the motor outlet box and the PCB is coated with UV glue.

Further, the end cover is stuck with double-sided self-adhesive, and one side of the PCB circuit board, which is not provided with the Hall element, is stuck with the end cover through the double-sided self-adhesive.

By adopting the technical scheme, the two Hall elements are distributed at 90 degrees by taking the axle center of the motor shaft as the vertex, and the two Hall elements generate potential difference signals with the magnetic disk in an induction way when the motor shaft drives the magnetic disk to rotate, so that the detection of the rotation angle of the motor is realized. The two hall elements can double the resolution of the hall encoder. And 1. The positioning part on the PCB circuit board is in clearance fit with the flanging of the end cover of the stepping motor, so that the distance from two Hall elements on the PCB circuit board to the positioning circle center is effectively ensured, and the Hall elements can sense magnetic field change of a magnetic disk to output signals. The utility model corresponds the PCB circuit board mounting part with the stepping motor mounting plate, and effectively ensures that the PCB circuit board cannot rotate and displace in use. The magnetic disk is provided with double flat holes in clearance fit with the output shaft of the stepping motor, so that the installation is convenient, and slipping is prevented.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a stepper motor employing a Hall encoder to control the angle of operation in accordance with the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the stepper motor and Hall encoder of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a Hall encoder structure and an angle control according to the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an assembly of a stepper motor and a Hall encoder of the present utility model;

FIG. 6 is a bottom view of FIG. 1 of the present utility model;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of connection between a PCB board and an end cap according to the present utility model;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of the mounting angle of the hall element of the present utility model.

Detailed Description

In order that the utility model may be more readily understood, a more particular description of the utility model will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments that are illustrated in the appended drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a stepping motor for controlling an operation angle using a hall encoder, which includes a stepping motor 1 and the hall encoder connected to the stepping motor 1. The stepper motor 1 comprises a housing assembly, a motor outlet box 13 and a motor shaft 11, and the Hall encoder comprises a PCB circuit board 21 and a magnetic disk 22. The housing assembly includes a housing 121 and an end cap 122, the end cap 122 being fixed to an end of the housing 121, and the motor outlet box 13 being fixed to a side wall of the housing 121.

As shown in fig. 1, the end cover 122 of the present embodiment is provided with an output hole for the motor shaft 11 to pass through, and the output hole is provided with a flange 1221. The PCB circuit board 21 is provided with a positioning through hole 212 for the motor shaft 11 to pass through, and the positioning through hole 212 is in clearance fit with the flange 1221. The positioning through hole 212 on the PCB 21 is in clearance fit with the flange 1221 of the end cover 122 of the stepper motor 1, so that the distance from two Hall elements on the PCB 21 to the positioning circle center is effectively ensured, and the Hall elements are ensured to be capable of sensing magnetic field change of the magnetic disk 22 to output signals.

As shown in fig. 1, two hall elements are disposed on the PCB 21 of the present embodiment, the two hall elements are arranged at 90 ° with the axis of the motor shaft 11 as the vertex, and the magnetic disk 22 is disposed toward the surface of the PCB 21 on which the hall elements are disposed. After the stepping motor 1 is electrified, the motor shaft 11 rotates, so that the magnetic disk 22 on the motor shaft 11 is driven to rotate, and the two Hall elements are used for generating potential difference signals with the magnetic disk 22 in an induction way when the magnetic disk 22 rotates, so that the detection of the motor rotation angle is realized.

As shown in fig. 1, a mounting plate 123 is provided on a side wall of a housing 121 of the present embodiment, a mounting portion 211 corresponding to the mounting plate 123 is provided on a pcb wiring board 21, and mounting holes are provided on both the mounting plate 123 and the mounting portion 211. The PCB circuit board 21 installation department 211 corresponds with step motor 1 installation department 211, and step motor 1 is when using the installation, and the screw passes from the mounting hole, the effectual PCB circuit board 21 that has guaranteed in the use can not take place rotary displacement.

As shown in fig. 1, a copper foil circuit and a connection socket 213 are disposed on the PCB 21 of the present embodiment, a three-proofing paint is coated on the copper foil circuit and an insulating tape 214 is applied on the copper foil circuit, and a UV adhesive a is coated on a welding point between the connection socket 213 and the PCB 21. When the stepping motor 1 is mounted in use, if the copper foil circuit is in contact with the mounted metal bracket, there is a risk of damaging the hall element by surge impact. Therefore, the three-proofing paint and the insulating tape 214 are coated on the position of the PCB circuit board 21, which is contacted with the metal bracket, so that the copper foil circuit is subjected to insulating isolation treatment, and the Hall element is prevented from being damaged by surge impact. The PCB circuit board 21 is welded with a connecting socket 213 for supplying power to the electronic components and outputting Hall signals, and UV adhesive a is coated on the welding points to protect the welding points, so that the electronic components on the PCB circuit board 21 are prevented from being damaged by short circuit.

As shown in fig. 1, in order to prevent the product from being damaged during transportation, the stepper motor 1 of the present embodiment needs to be simply connected, positioned and fixed to the stepper motor 1 and the PCB 21, and two connection schemes are proposed in this embodiment:

1. UV glue a connection: as shown in the figure, the abutting part of the motor outlet box 13 and the PCB 21 is coated with UV adhesive a for curing, so that the motor outlet box and the PCB are connected together.

2. And (3) adhesive sticker connection: as shown in the figure, double-sided adhesive 215 is stuck on the end cover 122 of the stepper motor 1, and then the PCB 21 is installed, so that the two are stuck together.

As shown in fig. 1, the motor shaft 11 of the present embodiment penetrates through the PCB circuit board 21, the magnetic disk 22 is fixed on the motor shaft 11, the magnetic disk 22 is a multi-polar magnet, in the present embodiment, 5 pairs of magnetic poles are adopted, the number of pairs of magnetic poles is not limited, the number of pairs of magnetic poles is determined according to the resolution required by the customer, and the higher the resolution, the more the number of pairs of magnetic poles.

As shown in fig. 1, the motor shaft 11 of the present embodiment is a double flat shaft, a double flat hole 221 adapted to the motor shaft 11 is formed on the magnetic disk 22, a clamping groove 111 for installing a limit fastener 23 is formed on the outer wall of the motor shaft 11, and the magnetic disk 22 is sleeved on the motor shaft 11 and fastened by the limit fastener 23. The motor shaft 11 is mounted and matched with the double flat holes 221 of the magnetic disk 22 in a clearance fit mode, so that the magnetic disk 22 is prevented from slipping in the circumferential direction. The motor shaft 11 of the stepping motor 1 is provided with the clamping groove 111, and after the magnetic disk 22 is arranged on the motor shaft 11, the limiting fastener 23 is arranged, so that the magnetic disk 22 is ensured not to fall off or shift in the axial direction, and the rotation angle signal of the output shaft is ensured to be accurate.

The working principle of the resolution and signal output of the Hall encoder is as follows:

as shown in fig. 4, two hall elements are disposed on the PCB 21 of the present embodiment, and are arranged at 90 ° with the axis of the motor shaft 11 as the vertex, and the magnetic discs 22 are distributed with 5 pairs of magnetic poles. When the first Hall element senses N pole magnetic performance at the initial position, the sensing of the second Hall element at the NS pole switching point is recorded as 0. When the magnetic disk 22 rotates clockwise by 18 degrees, the first Hall element senses 0, the second Hall element senses N pole magnetic property, and the N pole and the S pole of the magnetic disk 22 are alternately sensed in a pushing way, so that potential difference signals are converted and output. The resolution of the hall encoder can be doubled by two hall elements, the resolution of the NS pole of the single hall sensing magnetic disk 22 is 36 degrees, and the resolution of the two hall elements is increased to 18 degrees. The PCB 21 is soldered with a connection socket 213 as a signal output port for outputting a Hall encoder signal and supplying power.

The technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects solved by the present utility model have been further described in detail in the above-described embodiments, and it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are only illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present utility model should be included in the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A stepping motor for controlling operation angle by adopting a Hall encoder is characterized in that: the device comprises a stepping motor (1) and a Hall encoder connected with the stepping motor (1);

the stepping motor (1) comprises a motor shaft (11), the Hall encoder comprises a PCB circuit board (21) and a magnetic disk (22), the motor shaft (11) penetrates through the PCB circuit board (21), and the magnetic disk (22) is fixed on the motor shaft (11);

two Hall elements are arranged on the PCB (21), the two Hall elements are distributed at 90 degrees by taking the axis of the motor shaft (11) as the vertex, the magnetic disk (22) faces to one surface of the PCB (21) where the Hall elements are arranged, and the two Hall elements are used for inducing potential difference signals with the magnetic disk (22) when the motor drives the magnetic disk (22) to rotate.

2. The stepping motor for controlling an operation angle using a hall encoder according to claim 1, wherein: the magnetic disk (22) is a multi-polar magnet.

3. The stepping motor for controlling an operation angle using a hall encoder according to claim 1, wherein: the motor shaft (11) is a double flat shaft, a double flat hole (221) matched with the motor shaft (11) is formed in the magnetic disk (22), and the magnetic disk (22) is sleeved on the motor shaft (11) and fastened through a limiting fastener (23).

4. A stepping motor for controlling an operation angle using a hall encoder according to claim 3, wherein: the outer wall of the motor shaft (11) is provided with a clamping groove (111) for installing a limit fastener (23).

5. The stepping motor for controlling an operation angle using a hall encoder according to claim 1, wherein: the stepping motor (1) further comprises a shell assembly and a motor outlet box (13), the shell assembly comprises a shell (121) and an end cover (122), the end cover (122) is fixed at the end part of the shell (121), and the motor outlet box (13) is fixed on the side wall of the shell (121).

6. The stepping motor for controlling an operation angle using a hall encoder according to claim 5, wherein: the PCB is characterized in that a mounting plate (123) is arranged on the side wall of the shell (121), a mounting part (211) corresponding to the mounting plate (123) is arranged on the PCB (21), and mounting holes are formed in the mounting plate (123) and the mounting part (211).

7. The stepping motor for controlling an operation angle using a hall encoder according to claim 5, wherein: an output hole for the motor shaft (11) to pass through is formed in the end cover (122), a flange (1221) is arranged on the output hole, a positioning through hole (212) for the motor shaft (11) to pass through is formed in the PCB (21), and the positioning through hole (212) is in clearance fit with the flange (1221).

8. The stepping motor for controlling an operation angle using a hall encoder according to claim 1, wherein: be provided with copper foil circuit and connecting socket (213) on PCB circuit board (21), copper foil circuit is last to be coated with three proofings lacquer and to paste insulating tape (214), connecting socket (213) and PCB circuit board (21) welding point coating have UV glue (a).

9. The stepping motor for controlling an operation angle using a hall encoder according to claim 5, wherein: the joint of the motor outlet box (13) and the PCB (21) is coated with UV adhesive (a).

10. The stepping motor for controlling an operation angle using a hall encoder according to claim 5, wherein: the double-sided adhesive tape (215) is adhered to the end cover (122), and one surface of the PCB circuit board (21) which is not provided with the Hall element is adhered to the end cover (122) through the double-sided adhesive tape (215).