CN220618444U

CN220618444U - Single furnace tube sleeve type reformer for producing hydrogen from natural gas

Info

Publication number: CN220618444U
Application number: CN202321373621.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈勇; 牟树荣; 蔡跃明; 陈运; 钟雨明
Original assignee: Sichuan Techairs Co ltd
Current assignee: Sichuan Techairs Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-05-31
Filing date: 2023-05-31
Publication date: 2024-03-19
Anticipated expiration: 2033-05-31

Abstract

The utility model discloses a single furnace tube sleeve type reformer for producing hydrogen from natural gas, which comprises at least two reforming units arranged in parallel, wherein each reforming unit comprises a reforming structure, a combustion cavity is sleeved outside the reforming structure, the reforming structure comprises a central tube, a sleeve is sleeved outside the central tube, a catalyst filling jacket is arranged between the sleeve and the central tube, and the air inlet end of the central tube is communicated with the air outlet end of the catalyst filling jacket; an ignition structure is arranged on the combustion cavity; the central tube is provided with a conversion gas outlet, the sleeve is provided with a mixed gas inlet, and the combustion cavity is provided with a gas inlet, an air inlet and a flue gas outlet. Multiple conversion units are arranged in parallel, so that each conversion unit can be used as a single conversion device with an independent heat system. The split charging to the site and the site assembly of the conversion units can be conveniently realized, the site construction links are reduced, and the site construction period and the management difficulty are shortened; the heat space is reduced, and heat accumulation is facilitated, so that the use of natural gas and air is reduced, the cost is saved, and the waste of heat is avoided.

Description

Single furnace tube sleeve type reformer for producing hydrogen from natural gas

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen production, in particular to a single-furnace tube sleeve type reformer for natural gas hydrogen production.

Background

Hydrogen energy is one of the most widely studied and widely used clean energy sources at present, and natural gas steam reforming conversion (SMR for short) hydrogen production is the method with the largest global standard, the most mature and the lowest hydrogen production cost at present, wherein a reformer is a core device for completing reforming conversion. In order to ensure heat supply, the current domestic SMR hydrogen production system often adopts a mode that feeding and a burner are on the same side (top firing and top feeding and bottom firing and bottom feeding); once the process parameters are relatively fixed after the establishment, the parameters under each load can be adjusted along with the change of the load, and finally the process parameters are relatively fixed, so that the process parameters can be understood as a broken line control mode. In the long-term stable operation process, the mode can obtain experience parameters and quickly achieve various settings of required loads.

It is known from simulation calculation and practical experience that the heat supply of the catalyst inlet section and the heat supply of the catalyst outlet section of the reformer are not consistent, so that the catalyst efficiency is not maximized. Once the reformer tube catalyst is loaded, it is not actually possible to match the reformer control parameters well under a certain load, and in order to ensure the effectiveness of the outlet catalyst, the inlet temperature is often too high. Several patents have proposed ideas for reformer heat utilization.

Such as the tropsox convective Heat Transfer Conversion (HTCR) process, such as CN101056817a, has the following benefits over conventional SMRs:

1. the opposite sides of the feeding and the burner use an inner tube and an outer tube combined reforming furnace tube (or a traditional reforming reactor), a catalyst is filled between the inner tube and the outer tube, and the reforming gas after the inner tube (an insertion tube) is subjected to overcurrent reforming achieves the purpose of countercurrent heat exchange with the raw material gas (convection heat transfer conversion);

2. the arrangement of at least two reforming units significantly reduces the overall feed and fuel requirements for producing hydrogen and/or carbon monoxide per volume unit. Because of the reduced amount of combustion air per unit of hydrogen produced, the amount of steam produced (which is subsequently used as process steam) is reduced, steam is compared to, for example, the case in which only one reforming reactor is used: the reduction in the carbon ratio (S/C ratio, defined as the molar ratio of steam to carbon contained in the hydrocarbon feed) provides a number of benefits, such as reducing the total flow of gas throughout the hydrogen and/or carbon monoxide production plant, resulting in smaller equipment and/or lower pressure drop, etc. The fuel fumes are connected in series, and the raw material gases are connected in parallel. As the number of parallel combustion converters increases, so does the thermal efficiency of the conversion system, while the number of converters is dependent on the amount and composition of fuel exiting the hydrogen and/or carbon monoxide purification unit.

Now, the central tube type convection heat transfer conversion process is well-established. However, after the process is built, load adjustment can only be carried out by adjusting the feeding amount, and in a low load state, heat supply is also required to ensure the temperature required by material reaction, so that obvious heat waste is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to solve the technical problems that the load adjustment of the existing convection Heat Transfer Conversion (HTCR) process for hydrogen production can only depend on the adjustment of the feeding amount, and the heat supply is also required to ensure the temperature required by the material reaction in a low load state, so that obvious heat waste is caused.

The utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:

the single-furnace tube sleeve type reformer for producing hydrogen from natural gas comprises at least two reforming units which are arranged in parallel, wherein each reforming unit comprises a reforming structure, a combustion cavity is sleeved outside the reforming structure, the reforming structure comprises a central tube, a sleeve is sleeved outside the central tube, a catalyst filling jacket is arranged between the sleeve and the central tube, and the air inlet end of the central tube is communicated with the air outlet end of the catalyst filling jacket; an ignition structure is arranged on the combustion cavity;

the central tube is provided with a conversion gas outlet, the sleeve is provided with a mixed gas inlet, and the combustion cavity is provided with a gas inlet, an air inlet and a flue gas outlet.

As one possible design, both ends of the sleeve extend out of the combustion chamber, and both ends of the sleeve are respectively provided with an upper gland and a lower gland.

As a possible design, the outlet end of the central tube and the inlet end of the sleeve are not in communication with each other.

As a possible design, the combustion chamber is also provided with a plurality of lifting lugs.

As a possible design, an electrical heating structure is also provided in the combustion chamber.

As a possible design, the combustion chamber is covered with a heat-insulating layer.

As a possible design, the lower end of the catalyst-filled jacket is fixedly connected to the lower gland.

As one possible design, a supporting member is disposed between the catalyst filling jacket and the lower gland, and two ends of the supporting member are fixedly connected with the catalyst filling jacket and the lower gland respectively.

As a possible design, the ignition structure comprises a burner, the combustion end of which is arranged in the combustion chamber.

As one possible design, the reformed gas outlet, the mixed gas inlet and the flue gas outlet are provided at the lower portion of the combustion chamber, and the gas inlet and the air inlet are provided at the upper portion of the combustion chamber.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: multiple conversion units are arranged in parallel, so that each conversion unit can be used as a single conversion device with an independent heat system.

1. The split charging to the site and the site assembly of the conversion units can be conveniently realized, the site construction links are reduced, and the site construction period and the management difficulty are shortened;

2. the heat space is reduced, and heat accumulation is facilitated, so that the use of natural gas and air is reduced, the cost is saved, and the waste of heat is avoided;

3. the electric heating and the analysis gas combustion are adopted to supply heat, so that the use of natural gas is effectively reduced;

4. the partial conversion units can be conveniently stopped, so that the waste of fuel gas is avoided;

5. the central tube (serving as a conversion gas outlet channel) and the catalyst filling jacket are in sleeve type filling design, so that heat of conversion gas is effectively utilized, temperature difference between an inlet and an outlet of the conversion furnace is reduced, the catalyst is integrally at a relatively uniform reaction temperature, the integral reaction temperature is optimized, and steam yield is reduced.

6. On the basis of the adjustment of the feeding amount, part of the conversion units are cut off, so that the state of the system in the use of the conversion units is always kept optimal, and the production system is in a proper working state at any time.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the utility model. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a converting unit according to an embodiment of the utility model.

In the drawings, the reference numerals and corresponding part names:

1-upper gland, 2-burner, 3-heat preservation, 4-combustion cavity, 5-catalyst filling jacket, 6-central tube, 7-lower gland, 8-lifting lug, 9-sleeve, 10-mixed gas inlet, 11-converted gas outlet, 12-gas inlet, 13-air inlet and 14-flue gas outlet; 15-a support; 16-an electrical heating structure.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making apparent the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, wherein the exemplary embodiments of the present utility model and the descriptions thereof are for illustrating the present utility model only and are not to be construed as limiting the present utility model.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "mounted" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise. The meaning of "a number" is one or more than one unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

The inventor of the present utility model found that the existing convection Heat Transfer Conversion (HTCR) process can only adjust the load by adjusting the amount of feed into the reformer, but in a low load state, the heat supply is still necessary to ensure the temperature required by the material reaction, and the combustion chamber is too large in volume to ensure that the temperature reaches the standard, so that a large amount of combustion natural gas or electric heating is required to achieve, and heat is wasted.

In view of the above problems, the utility model provides a single furnace tube sleeve 9 type reformer for producing hydrogen from natural gas, which consists of at least two reforming units arranged in parallel, wherein one or more reforming units are selected to be used according to the actual required load, so that the required load is achieved, and meanwhile, the waste of heat is avoided (because the volume of a combustion cavity 4 is reduced), and because the same temperature is achieved, the smaller the volume of the combustion cavity 4, the less heat is needed, so that the natural gas is saved, and the waste of heat is also avoided.

As shown in fig. 1, the conversion unit comprises a conversion structure, wherein a combustion cavity 4 is sleeved outside the conversion structure, the conversion structure comprises a central pipe 6, a sleeve 9 is sleeved outside the central pipe 6, a catalyst filling jacket 5 is arranged between the sleeve 9 and the central pipe 6, and the air inlet end of the central pipe 6 is communicated with the air outlet end of the catalyst filling jacket 5; an ignition structure is arranged on the combustion cavity 4;

the central tube 6 is provided with a conversion gas outlet 11, the sleeve 9 is provided with a mixed gas inlet 10, namely, the position indicated by an arrow A, and the combustion cavity 4 is provided with a gas inlet 12, an air inlet 13 and a flue gas outlet 14.

The fuel gas enters the combustion cavity 4 through the fuel gas inlet 12 and the air through the air inlet 13, so that the fuel gas burns to generate heat under the condition of the operation of the ignition structure, and the conversion structure is heated. The mixed gas enters the catalyst filling jacket 5 through the mixed gas inlet 10, and reacts under the action of the catalyst to form converted gas, the converted gas flows into the central tube 6 and flows out from the converted gas outlet 11, so that the heat of the converted gas is effectively utilized, the temperature difference between the converted gas outlet 11 and the mixed gas inlet 10 is reduced, the catalyst is integrally at a relatively uniform reaction temperature, the integral reaction temperature is optimized, and the steam yield is reduced.

It should be noted that the foregoing ignition structure is a common ignition structure in the art, for example: and (5) electromagnetic ignition.

As shown in fig. 1, both ends of the sleeve 9 extend out of the combustion chamber 4, and both ends of the sleeve 9 are respectively provided with an upper gland 1 and a lower gland 7. The upper gland 1 and the lower gland 7 are provided for blocking gas so that the gas can move in a prescribed direction, for example: the mixed gas moves into the catalyst filling jacket 5, and the converted gas moves into the central tube 6, so that the whole conversion process is smoothly carried out.

In addition, the lower gland 7 can also be used as a supporting plate for supporting the catalyst filling jacket 5, so as to avoid displacement deviation caused by gas blowing. Specifically, the support between the support catalyst filling jacket 5 and the lower gland 7 can be realized through corresponding support pieces 15, the support pieces 15 are composed of a plurality of support bar blocks, and certain gaps can be arranged between the adjacent support bar blocks, so that gas blocking is avoided, and conversion is influenced.

The gas mixture in the mixed gas inlet 10 and the converted gas outlet 11 is avoided, the conversion process is disturbed, as shown in fig. 1, the converted gas outlet 11 and the mixed gas inlet 10 are not communicated with each other, but the high-temperature converted gas in the converted gas outlet 11 can heat the mixed gas through the wall of the central tube 6, so that the heat in the converted gas is partially recovered, the consumption of fuel gas is further reduced, and the energy is saved.

In order to adapt the reformer to different environments, such as an environment with a lack of electricity and a high fuel gas or an environment with a lack of fuel gas and a high power, as shown in fig. 1, an electric heating structure 16 is further disposed in the combustion chamber 4, and two heating modes are switched. The electrically heated structure 16 may be a structure common in the art, such as a resistance wire assembly.

In order to further reduce the heat consumption, as shown in fig. 1, the combustion chamber 4 is covered with a heat insulation layer 3. The material of the insulating layer 3 may be a material common in the art, for example: rubber and plastic heat insulation material.

As a possible embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the ignition structure includes a burner 2, and a combustion end of the burner 2 is disposed in the combustion chamber 4.

As a possible embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the reformed gas outlet 11, the mixed gas inlet 10 and the flue gas outlet 14 are provided at the lower portion of the combustion chamber 4, and the gas inlet 12 and the air inlet 13 are provided at the upper portion of the combustion chamber 4. The heat recovery in the converted gas is realized as much as possible, so that the consumption of fuel gas or electric energy is reduced as much as possible.

As a possible embodiment, for ease of installation, as shown in fig. 1, the combustion chamber 4 is further provided with a plurality of lifting lugs 8.

The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the utility model, and is not meant to limit the scope of the utility model, but to limit the utility model to the particular embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and principles of the utility model are intended to be included within the scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. The single-furnace tube sleeve type reformer for producing hydrogen from natural gas is characterized by comprising at least two reforming units which are arranged in parallel, wherein each reforming unit comprises a reforming structure, a combustion cavity is sleeved outside the reforming structure, the reforming structure comprises a central tube, a sleeve is sleeved outside the central tube, a catalyst filling jacket is arranged between the sleeve and the central tube, and the air inlet end of the central tube is communicated with the air outlet end of the catalyst filling jacket; an ignition structure is arranged on the combustion cavity;

2. The single furnace tube-in-tube reformer for producing hydrogen from natural gas of claim 1, wherein both ends of said sleeve extend out of said combustion chamber and both ends of said sleeve are provided with an upper gland and a lower gland, respectively.

3. The single furnace tube-in-tube reformer for producing hydrogen from natural gas of claim 1, wherein the outlet end of said center tube and the inlet end of said tube-in-tube are not in communication with each other.

4. The single tube-in-tube reformer for producing hydrogen from natural gas of claim 1, wherein said combustion chamber is further provided with a plurality of lifting lugs.

5. The single tube-in-tube reformer for producing hydrogen from natural gas of claim 1, wherein an electrical heating structure is also disposed within said combustion chamber.

6. The single tube-in-tube reformer for producing hydrogen from natural gas of claim 1, wherein said combustion chamber is overcoated with a heat preservation layer.

7. The single furnace tube-in-tube reformer for the production of hydrogen from natural gas of claim 2, wherein the lower end of said catalyst-filled jacket is fixedly connected to said lower gland.

8. The single furnace tube-in-tube reformer for producing hydrogen from natural gas of claim 7, wherein a support is provided between said catalyst-filled jacket and said lower gland, and wherein both ends of said support are fixedly connected to said catalyst-filled jacket and said lower gland, respectively.

9. The single tube-in-tube reformer for producing hydrogen from natural gas of claim 1, wherein said ignition structure comprises a burner, a combustion end of said burner being disposed within said combustion chamber.

10. The single furnace tube-in-tube reformer for producing hydrogen from natural gas of claim 1, wherein said reformed gas outlet, mixed gas inlet and flue gas outlet are provided in a lower portion of said combustion chamber, and said gas inlet and air inlet are provided in an upper portion of said combustion chamber.