CN220615455U

CN220615455U - Battery package locking mechanism, battery package and change electric vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN220615455U
Application number: CN202321710969.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张建平; 李长宏; 宋志强
Original assignee: Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-06-30
Filing date: 2023-06-30
Publication date: 2024-03-19
Anticipated expiration: 2033-06-30

Abstract

The application discloses battery package locking mechanism, battery package and trading electric vehicle, locking mechanism include scalable removal setting in order to realize flexible removal in order to make the locking pin at least one locking pin and the drive assembly of position switch between locking position and unblock position, drive assembly including rotatable rotation axis that sets up and with rotation axis complex at least one transfer line, the locking pin sets up the terminal surface at the transfer line, the rotation axis can drive the transfer line and remove. The battery package locking mechanism that this application provided converts the rotary motion of rotation axis into the rectilinear motion of transfer line through drive assembly, and then drives the locking round pin through the transfer line and remove to accomplish in the locking mouth of complex with it and peg graft the cooperation to realize the locking of battery package and trading the electric vehicle, drive assembly's simple structure, processing low cost easily promotes. In addition, in the power conversion process, the battery pack is lifted to the power conversion position, so that the power conversion operation can be performed, the power conversion step is simplified, and the power conversion efficiency is improved.

Description

Battery package locking mechanism, battery package and change electric vehicle

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of vehicle battery replacement, and particularly relates to a battery pack locking mechanism, a battery pack and a battery replacement vehicle.

Background

After the electric quantity of the battery pack of the electric automobile is exhausted, the battery pack with the power shortage needs to be detached from the automobile body and replaced by the battery pack with the power full, so that a locking mechanism between the battery pack and the automobile body is very important, reliable locking between the battery pack and the automobile body is ensured, and the battery pack and the automobile body are separated quickly.

In the related art, the battery pack is generally locked in the electric vehicle through a locking structure such as a bolt or a buckle, in the locking process, not only the battery pack is required to be driven in the vertical direction by the battery replacement equipment, but also the battery pack is required to be driven in the horizontal direction by the battery replacement equipment, so that the battery pack is more complicated in driving control by the battery replacement equipment, the convenience of battery pack replacement is relatively poor, the replacement speed is relatively slow, the duration of the whole battery replacement process is long, and the battery replacement efficiency is low.

In addition, trade the electric in-process, locking mechanism needs to drive locking piece motion and realizes the locking or the unblock of battery package and vehicle, and the transmission of locking mechanism generally adopts link mechanism etc. and is mostly comparatively complicated, occupies great space, and transmission reliability is lower, and transmission efficiency is difficult to guarantee and the cost of manufacture is higher to after locking mechanism locks battery package and vehicle, still need bear great power, there is the risk of locking mechanism fracture damage for a long time. Meanwhile, in order to ensure the locking force, a self-locking structure is additionally arranged to prevent the connecting rod mechanism from loosening, so that the complexity of the structure and the manufacturing cost are further increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a battery package locking mechanism, battery package and battery replacement vehicle to solve the transmission mode structure of current locking mechanism and complicacy, transmission efficiency and reliability are lower, and the locking and unlocking process operation of battery package is complicated, the problem that trades electric inefficiency.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application provides a battery package locking mechanism, locking mechanism sets up with the at least one locking pin that carries out the position switch between locking position and unblock position and drives the drive assembly that the locking pin removed including scalable removal, drive assembly including rotatable rotation axis that sets up and with rotation axis linkage complex at least one transfer line, the locking pin sets up the terminal surface at the transfer line, the rotation axis can drive the transfer line and remove to make the locking pin realize flexible removal.

The battery package locking mechanism that this application provided converts the rotary motion of rotation axis into the rectilinear motion of transfer line through drive assembly, and then drives the locking round pin through the transfer line and remove to accomplish grafting cooperation in rather than complex locking mouth to realize the locking of battery package and trading electric vehicle, perhaps through rotation axis reverse rotation, drive the transfer line and remove to opposite direction, drive the locking round pin and deviate from the locking mouth, accomplish the unblock of battery package and trading electric vehicle. The rotation axis rotates along the axis of the rotation axis, the position of the rotation axis is not changed, the transmission rod and the locking pin do not reciprocate along the specific direction, the whole locking mechanism occupies a small space in the working process, and only the space for the movement of the locking pin and the transmission rod is reserved in the movement direction of the locking pin and the transmission rod, so that the power conversion space is greatly saved, the power conversion operation is facilitated in a narrow space, and the applicability is improved.

Meanwhile, the transmission assembly is simple in structure, low in processing cost and easy to popularize. In addition, in the power conversion process, the battery pack is lifted to the power conversion position, so that the power conversion operation can be performed, that is, the battery pack is driven in the vertical direction without being driven to perform horizontal movement, the power conversion step is greatly simplified, the whole locking and unlocking process is simple and convenient, the complexity of a driving program is reduced, the cost is further saved, and the power conversion efficiency is improved.

Preferably, the two transmission rods are positioned at two sides of the rotating shaft and are matched with the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft can drive the two transmission rods to move in opposite directions, and the locking pins are respectively arranged on the outer end surfaces of the two transmission rods.

In this scheme, two transfer lines cooperate with the rotation axis simultaneously to two transfer lines follow opposite direction motion, thereby drive the locking round pin reciprocating motion on the terminal surface of each, make the locking round pin of both sides peg graft the cooperation with the locking mouth simultaneously and accomplish the locking, increased the locking position of battery package and trading electric vehicle, both improved the locking stability of battery package and trading electric vehicle, prevented that the battery package from taking place to rock at trading electric vehicle travel in-process, dispersed the atress again, make the locking round pin even atress on two transfer lines, improved the life of locking round pin, avoid the locking round pin stress concentration of somewhere to take place to break or damage. Simultaneously, two transfer lines all cooperate with the rotation axis, still make two transfer lines and corresponding locking round pin simultaneous movement and amount of exercise unanimous, compare in setting up two rotation axis respectively with two transfer line complex modes, further simplified the structure of drive assembly, reduced the control degree of difficulty, practiced thrift the cost.

Preferably, the transmission assembly further comprises a gear fixed on the rotating shaft and capable of synchronously rotating along with the rotating shaft, the side wall of the transmission rod, facing the gear, is provided with meshing teeth meshed with the gear, and the length of the meshing teeth is matched with the telescopic moving stroke of the locking pin.

In this scheme, rotation axis and transfer line pass through the mode of rack and pinion and transmit, make the rotation axis of rotation axis and transfer line and the direction of movement mutually perpendicular of locking round pin on the one hand to save space, for example, the rotation axis of rotation axis is vertical, transfer line and locking round pin horizontal migration can reduce the space that locking mechanism occupy in vertical greatly, thereby can reduce the lifting height to trading electric vehicle, practice thrift trading electric space. On the other hand, the transmission mode of the gear rack can realize self-locking, and when the gear stops rotating, the transmission rod cannot move by itself, so that the setting of an additional self-locking structure is omitted, the structure is simplified, and the cost is saved. Meanwhile, the gear and the meshing teeth are meshed for transmission, the transmission stroke is accurate and convenient to control, larger force can be transmitted, the transmission efficiency is ensured, slipping cannot occur easily, and reliable and stable transmission is ensured. The length of the meshing teeth is set to limit the moving stroke of the locking pin, the operation is simple and easy to realize, and when the transmission rod moves to one end of the meshing teeth to be matched with the gear, the transmission rod cannot move continuously, so that the automatic stop of the movement of the locking pin in place is realized.

Preferably, at least one end of the meshing teeth is provided with a limiting rib, and the limiting rib can be matched with the gear stop to limit the motion of the transmission rod.

In this scheme, when the transfer line moved to the one end of meshing tooth and the cooperation of gear, spacing muscle takes place the backstop with the gear to restriction transfer line continues to remove, can enough give operating personnel the suggestion that the locking pin moved in place, can prevent again that the gear from taking place to loosen with the meshing tooth, guarantee the effective cooperation of gear and meshing tooth.

Preferably, the rotating shaft extends downwards along the axis direction of the rotating shaft for a preset length, the transmission rod is matched with one end of the rotating shaft, and the locking mechanism further comprises a self-locking assembly arranged at the other end of the rotating shaft so as to limit the locking pin at the locking position or the unlocking position.

In this scheme, the auto-lock subassembly can rotate through the restriction rotation axis, and then restrict the removal of transfer line and locking pin to with the locking pin spacing in locking position or unblock position, improve locking mechanism's stability, when locking position, can guarantee locking force and locking stability, prevent that battery package and trading vehicle unblock from breaking away from, when the unblock position, only after the unblock structure will auto-lock subassembly unblock, the rotation axis can rotate, and can not rotate at will, guaranteed trading the normal clear of electric operation.

Preferably, the self-locking assembly comprises a rotating sleeve connected with the rotating shaft in a synchronous rotating way, a fixed sleeve sleeved outside the rotating sleeve and a limiting piece capable of vertically moving in the rotating sleeve, the limiting piece can synchronously rotate with the rotating sleeve, a containing cavity is formed in one end, close to the rotating shaft, of the fixed sleeve, and the limiting piece can rotate in the containing cavity to enable the rotating sleeve to rotate.

In this scheme, when locating part upward movement to hold the intracavity, be in the unblock state, the locating part can be at holding the intracavity free rotation this moment to drive rotatory sleeve and rotation axis rotation, carry out the locking operation of locking pin. When the unlocking structure is used for driving the locking mechanism to carry out locking and unlocking actions, the unlocking structure firstly needs to push the limiting piece upwards into the accommodating cavity and then drives the rotating shaft to move, so that the self-locking function is realized, the unlocking is prevented by false touch of other external components, and the safety of battery pack locking is improved.

Preferably, the fixing sleeve is provided with a self-locking part for limiting the rotation of the limiting part below the accommodating cavity, and an elastic part is clamped between the limiting part and the rotating shaft, so that the limiting part is kept at a self-locking position matched with the self-locking part to limit the rotation of the rotating sleeve.

In this scheme, hold the below in chamber and be provided with auto-lock portion, when the locating part loses the promotion of unblock structure, move to auto-lock portion downwards under the effect of elastic component, thereby auto-lock portion and locating part backstop cooperation limit locating part rotation this moment, rotatory sleeve and rotation axis are unable rotation equally to this realizes the auto-lock of rotation axis, makes the locking pin lock in locking position or unblock position. The self-locking part and the accommodating cavity are arranged up and down, so that the position switching of the limiting part is simpler, the state switching of the limiting part is more convenient, and the self-locking of the limiting part can be released by jacking up the limiting part upwards through the unlocking structure.

Preferably, the rotating sleeve and/or the rotating shaft are/is provided with a mounting cavity for placing the elastic element, one side of the limiting element, which faces the mounting cavity, is provided with a guide protrusion, and the elastic element surrounds the periphery of the guide protrusion.

In this scheme, the installation cavity provides installation space for the elastic component, realizes the hidden design of elastic component, avoids the elastic component to expose, has guaranteed the cleanness of elastic component, improves life and reliability. The guide bulge can play a guide role on deformation of the elastic piece, and the deformation of the elastic piece is limited only along the axial direction of the elastic piece, so that the deformation reliability of the elastic piece is further improved, and the service life is prevented from being influenced by inclination in the deformation process of the elastic piece.

Preferably, the rotating sleeve and the fixing sleeve are respectively provided with a slide way extending up and down, the limiting piece is arranged in the slide way to guide the limiting piece to move up and down, and the slide way of the fixing sleeve is communicated with the accommodating cavity.

In this scheme, fixed telescopic slide can play the guide effect to the up-and-down motion of locating part, improves the reliability of locating part motion, and the locating part can be followed this slide come-up and to hold the intracavity and realize the unblock, perhaps sink to realize the auto-lock with auto-lock portion backstop cooperation. The slide way of the rotary sleeve plays a role in guiding the limiting piece, and simultaneously enables the limiting piece and the rotary sleeve to synchronously rotate, namely, the limiting piece is rotationally limited, and the limiting piece can only move up and down relative to the rotary sleeve and cannot rotate relative to the rotary sleeve.

Preferably, the lower end of the rotary sleeve is provided with an operation port matched with the unlocking structure, the inner periphery of the operation port is provided with a stop part, and the stop part can be matched with the unlocking structure to limit the relative rotation of the unlocking structure and the rotary sleeve.

In this scheme, the operation mouth supplies the unblock structure to stretch into to make unblock structure drive rotatory sleeve and rotation axis rotate, realize the switching of locking round pin in unblock position and locking position, backstop portion can cooperate with unblock structure's outer wall backstop, in order to restrict unblock structure and rotatory sleeve relative rotation, guarantee that both rotate in step, and then improve the transmission efficiency between unblock structure and the rotatory sleeve, prevent to take place to skid.

Preferably, the operation opening is a special-shaped hole so that at least part of the area of the edge of the operation opening forms a stop part, and the unlocking structure is matched with the shape of the operation opening.

In this scheme, through setting up operation mouth and unlocking structure correspondence into dysmorphism hole structure for the cross-section of two is non-circular structure, thereby can make the lateral wall of two take place the backstop, thereby constitutes backstop portion, realizes unlocking structure and rotatory sleeve relative pivoted spacing, simplifies the structure of operation mouth, reduces the processing degree of difficulty.

Preferably, the locking mechanism further comprises a mounting seat for fixedly mounting the transmission rod and/or the locking pin, a through hole is formed in the mounting seat, and the transmission rod and/or the locking pin passes through the through hole so that the locking pin can reciprocate relative to the mounting seat.

In this scheme, the through-hole that the mount pad was passed to transfer line and/or locking pin, and then forms the motion spacing to locking pin and/or transfer line, makes it only can follow the extending direction motion of through-hole, improves the reliability that locking pin locking and unlocking moved to make the motion of locking pin more smooth and easy, thereby help whole power conversion process smooth going on.

Preferably, the transmission rod comprises a matching section and a guiding section, wherein the matching section is matched with the rotating shaft, and the guiding section penetrates through the through hole to be matched with the mounting seat.

In this scheme, be used for with rotation axis complex structure setting at the cooperation section, and the direction section is then smooth relatively, consequently the direction section passes through-hole and mount pad cooperation, can reduce its frictional force with between the mount pad, improves the motion smoothness nature. And because the guide section does not need to be provided with a matching structure matched with the rotating shaft, the guide section can be processed into a simpler shape, such as a cylinder shape, and the shape of the through hole is correspondingly simpler, so that the processing is convenient, and the friction resistance between the guide section and the rotating shaft is reduced.

Preferably, the guide section is fixed to one end of the mating section, and the locking pin is fixed to the other end of the mating section.

In this scheme, after locking pin and locking structure's locking mouth grafting locking, battery package forms the whereabouts power to locking mechanism under self gravity effect, and the inner wall of locking mouth plays ascending supporting role to the locking pin of cooperation section one end, and the mount pad plays supporting role to the direction section of cooperation section other end equally for the transfer line both ends all receive the holding power, thereby improve stability, dispersion transfer line atress prevents that the transfer line warp. Meanwhile, the middle matching section always keeps a good position relation with the rotating shaft, so that stable matching between the rotating shaft and the matching section is ensured.

Preferably, the locking pin has an insertion end and a fixed end fixedly connected with the transmission rod, the insertion end being provided with a guiding transition surface.

In this scheme, the locking pin tip has the direction transitional surface, and the direction transitional surface can play the guide effect to the grafting cooperation of locking pin and locking mouth, reduces the error that processing, assembly brought, improves the convenience of grafting locking.

The application also discloses a battery package, including the battery package body, the battery package still includes foretell battery package locking mechanism.

In this scheme, locking mechanism sets up in the battery package, compares in the mode that sets up locking mechanism in the battery car that trades, and is less to the transformation cost of battery package, and is convenient for carry out batch production with the battery package that is fixed with locking mechanism, facilitate promotion. And the space of the battery-powered vehicle is saved, and the risk that the locking mechanism interferes with other parts on the vehicle can be avoided.

Preferably, the top and side surfaces of the battery pack body are provided with recess spaces for accommodating the locking mechanism.

In this scheme, locking mechanism holds to the sunken space in, plays the accomodating effect to locking mechanism, and locking mechanism can not bulge in the outline of battery package, reduces the whole space that occupies of battery package and locking mechanism, prevents that locking mechanism and other parts from bumping and damaging, leads to the battery package to drop from trading the electric vehicle. And the overall structural compactness of the battery pack and the battery replacement vehicle after being fixed is improved, and the structural layout of the battery pack and the battery replacement vehicle is optimized.

Preferably, the locking mechanism is two and relatively set up in the edge of battery package body top surface.

In this scheme, locking mechanism arranges in the both sides of battery package body, realizes that battery package both ends are fixed with trading electric vehicle, can enough guarantee the stationary nature that the battery package is fixed, prevents that the battery package from taking place the slope, reduces the battery package for trading electric vehicle's rocking, has alleviated unilateral locking mechanism's atress again, makes the locking mechanism of both sides evenly atress, bears the locking force to the battery package jointly, reduces the risk that locking mechanism takes place deformation or damage, improves life.

Preferably, the battery pack body is provided with at least two fixing seats along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, the fixing seats are provided with bearings, and the rotating shaft penetrates through the bearings.

In this scheme, the fixing base can provide the support for the rotation axis, improves the stability of rotation axis. The arrangement of the bearing not only can enable the rotation of the rotating shaft to be more reliable, but also can reduce the resistance received by the rotating shaft during rotation and improve the rotation smoothness.

Preferably, the top surface of the battery pack body is provided with a guide seat, and the locking pin penetrates through the guide seat and can reciprocate relative to the guide seat.

In this scheme, the locking pin can further play the guide effect to the motion of locking pin with the guide holder cooperation, improves motion reliability. And can improve the wholeness of locking mechanism and battery package body, the locking pin can play the effort of upwards supporting to the battery package body through the guide holder to improve the fixed stability of locking mechanism and battery package body, prevent that locking mechanism and battery package body from taking place to break away from.

The application also discloses a trading vehicle, including the vehicle body to and the battery package, trading vehicle still includes foretell battery package locking mechanism, and/or, the battery package is foretell battery package, and locking mechanism sets up in vehicle body or battery package.

In this scheme, can set up locking mechanism in battery package or vehicle body according to actual need to satisfy different trades electric and installation demand, provide more possibilities for locking mechanism's setting position, make its arrangement more nimble.

Preferably, the locking mechanism is arranged on the battery pack, the vehicle body is provided with a matching piece, and the matching piece is provided with a locking port for the insertion of the locking pin so as to be matched with the locking pin to lock the battery pack on the vehicle body.

In this scheme, the locking pin of locking mechanism is pegged graft the cooperation with the locking mouth of cooperation piece to accomplish the locking of battery package and vehicle body, peg graft fixed mode simple structure, easily operation has improved the electricity replacement convenience, improves and trades electric efficiency. The matching piece is matched with the locking pin, so that holes are formed in the vehicle body, and the strength of the vehicle body is guaranteed.

Preferably, the vehicle body includes a frame including a longitudinal beam and a cross beam, the longitudinal beam being of a C-shaped structure to have an installation space, and the mating member being disposed in the installation space.

In this scheme, the longeron of C type structure leaves the installation space for the cooperation piece, sets up the cooperation piece in the installation space, can reduce the cooperation piece protrusion in the volume of longeron outline, improves compactibility.

Preferably, a side of the locking opening facing the locking pin is provided with a transition surface for guiding the insertion of the locking pin.

In this scheme, the locking mouth is provided with the transition face in order to increase the bore of locking mouth opening part, makes the locking mouth be outside expanding horn mouth shape, reduces the unable accurate counterpoint of locking pin and locking mouth that assembly error caused influence, makes locking pin and locking mouth reliable cooperation.

Preferably, the top surface of the battery pack is provided with a relief groove accommodating at least a partial region of the vehicle body.

In this scheme, after the battery package lifts to the trading electric potential position, the at least partial region of vehicle body can hold to dodging the inslot, reduces the vertical distance between battery package and the vehicle body, makes battery package and vehicle body compacter.

Preferably, the vehicle body is provided with a limiting part protruding downwards, and the limiting part can be in butt fit with the top surface of the battery pack.

In this scheme, lift to the electric potential in-process of changing by the vehicle bottom at the battery package, realize the spacing to the battery package lifting height through the butt cooperation of the protruding spacing portion of establishing in vehicle bottom and battery package top surface, be convenient for control the lifting height of battery package, improve and trade electric efficiency.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects obtained by the application are as follows:

the battery package locking mechanism that this application provided converts the rotary motion of rotation axis into the rectilinear motion of transfer line through drive assembly, and then drives the locking round pin through the transfer line and remove to accomplish grafting cooperation in rather than complex locking mouth to realize the locking of battery package and trading electric vehicle, perhaps through rotation axis reverse rotation, drive the transfer line and remove to opposite direction, drive the locking round pin and deviate from the locking mouth, accomplish the unblock of battery package and trading electric vehicle. The transmission component has simple structure, low processing cost and easy popularization. In addition, in the power conversion process, the battery pack is lifted to the power conversion position, so that the power conversion operation can be performed, that is, the battery pack is driven in the vertical direction without being driven to perform horizontal movement, the power conversion step is greatly simplified, the whole locking and unlocking process is simple and convenient, the complexity of a driving program is reduced, the cost is further saved, and the power conversion efficiency is improved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute an undue limitation to the application. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a locking mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the locking mechanism of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a structure of a rotary shaft according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a self-locking assembly according to one embodiment of the present application, with a limiter in an unlocked position;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a self-locking assembly according to an embodiment of the present application, wherein the fixing sleeve is not shown;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a fixing sleeve according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of area A of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of region B of FIG. 7;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a battery pack, a battery exchange device and a vehicle body in a vehicle power exchange state according to an embodiment of the present application, wherein the vehicle body shows a partial area;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of region C of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of area D of FIG. 10;

fig. 13 is a sectional view of the battery pack in a locked state with the vehicle body;

fig. 14 is an enlarged view of the area E in fig. 13.

Wherein:

1 locking mechanism; 11 a rotation shaft; a 111 gear; 112 mounting cavity; 113 an elastic member; 12 transmission rods; 121 meshing teeth; 122 mating segments; 123 guide sections; 124 limit ribs; 125 connection parts; 13 locking pins; 131 guiding the transition surface; 14 mounting seats;

2, self-locking assembly; 21 rotating the sleeve; 211 operation port; 212 a slideway; 22 fixing the sleeve; 221 receiving cavity; 222 self-locking part; 23 limiting pieces; 231 guide protrusions;

3, a battery pack body; 31 a concave space; 311 a first extension groove; 312 a second extension groove; 32 avoiding grooves; 33 guide seats; 331 reinforcing ribs; 34 fixing seats; 341 a bearing; 35 positioning holes;

4, a vehicle body; 41 stringers; 411 installation space; 42 cross beams; 43 mating members; 431 locking port; 432 transition surfaces; 421 positioning columns;

5, changing the power equipment; 51 lifting mechanism; 52 a battery pack support platform; 53 unlock the structure.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the general concepts of the present application, a detailed description is provided below by way of example in connection with the accompanying drawings.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, however, the present application may be practiced otherwise than as described herein, and thus the scope of the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

In addition, in the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.

In this application, unless specifically stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; the device can be mechanically connected, electrically connected and communicated; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a battery pack locking mechanism 1, the locking mechanism 1 comprises at least one locking pin 13 which is arranged in a telescopic manner to switch between a locking position and an unlocking position, and a transmission assembly which drives the locking pin 13 to move, the transmission assembly comprises a rotary shaft 11 which is rotatably arranged and at least one transmission rod 12 which is in linkage fit with the rotary shaft 11, the locking pin 13 is arranged on the end face of the transmission rod 12, and the rotary shaft 11 can drive the transmission rod 12 to move so that the locking pin 13 can realize telescopic movement.

The battery package locking mechanism that this application provided converts the rotary motion of rotation axis 11 into the rectilinear motion of transfer line 12 through drive assembly, and then drives the locking pin 13 through transfer line 12 and remove to accomplish grafting cooperation in the locking mouth rather than complex to realize the locking of battery package and trading the electric vehicle, perhaps through rotation axis 11 reverse rotation, drive transfer line 12 to the opposite direction removal, drive locking pin 13 and deviate from the locking mouth, accomplish the unblock of battery package and trading the electric vehicle. The rotation shaft 11 rotates along the axis of the rotation shaft, the position of the rotation shaft cannot be changed, the transmission rod 12 and the locking pin 13 reciprocate along a specific direction, so that the whole locking mechanism 1 occupies a small space in the working process, only the space for the movement of the locking pin 13 and the transmission rod 12 is reserved in the movement direction of the locking pin 13 and the transmission rod 12, the power exchange space is greatly saved, the power exchange operation is facilitated in a narrow space, and the applicability is improved.

It should be noted that, the locking mechanism 1 of the present application is used for locking the battery pack to the battery replacement vehicle, but the setting position of the locking mechanism is not limited in the present application, in a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the locking mechanism 1 is set to the battery pack, so that the battery replacement vehicle is not required to be modified, the modification cost is reduced, and the popularization is convenient. Of course, in other embodiments, the lock mechanism 1 may be provided in a battery-powered vehicle, which is not limited thereto.

Further, as a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the transmission rod 12 is horizontally arranged with the moving direction being in the horizontal direction, and the lock pin 13 is fixed to the end face of the transmission rod 12 on one side in the lateral direction so that the moving direction of the lock pin 13 coincides with the transmission rod 12. The transmission rod 12 and the locking pin 13 which move transversely can reduce the vertical movable space of the locking mechanism 1, so that the vertical electricity exchanging space is saved. In addition, the battery pack is usually fixed below the frame of the battery replacement vehicle in a hanging manner, if the locking pin 13 is used for fixing the battery pack and the battery replacement vehicle in a plug-in manner in the vertical direction, an additional locking component is required for locking the battery pack and the battery replacement vehicle, otherwise, the locking mechanism 1 can be disengaged from the locking port under the action of self gravity of the battery pack, so that the battery pack is disengaged. And the locking pin 13 which moves transversely is matched with the locking port in a transverse inserting mode, the locking pin cannot be separated under the action of gravity, and the locking pin 13 can be supported under the limiting action of the locking port, so that the battery pack is more stable to be connected with a vehicle in a hanging mode.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, two transmission rods 12 are provided, the two transmission rods 12 are located at two sides of the rotating shaft 11 and are matched with the rotating shaft 11, the rotating shaft 11 can drive the two transmission rods 12 to move in opposite directions, and locking pins 13 are respectively arranged on outer end surfaces of the two transmission rods 12.

Through setting up two transfer lines 12 and simultaneously with rotation axis 11 cooperation to two transfer lines 12 follow opposite direction motion, thereby drive the locking round pin 13 reciprocating motion on the respective outer terminal surface, make the locking round pin 13 of both sides simultaneously with the cooperation completion locking of locking mouth grafting, increased the locking position of battery package and trading car, both improved the locking stability of battery package and trading car, prevent that the battery package from taking place to rock in trading car travel, dispersed the atress again, make the even atress of locking round pin 13 on two transfer lines 12, improved the life of locking round pin 13, avoid the stress concentration of some locking round pin 13 to take place to break or damage. Simultaneously, two transfer lines 12 all cooperate with rotation axis 11, still make two transfer lines 12 and corresponding locking pin 13 synchronous motion and amount of motion unanimous, compare in setting up two rotation axis 11 respectively with two transfer line 12 complex mode, further simplified the structure of drive assembly, reduced the control degree of difficulty, practiced thrift the cost.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, one of the transmission rods 12 is located at one side of the locking mechanism 1 close to the battery pack, and the other transmission rod 12 is located at one side away from the battery pack, so as to optimize the layout of the transmission assembly and save space.

In other embodiments, the number of the transmission rods 12 may be one to realize single-side locking of the battery pack, or the number of the transmission rods 12 may be more than two to flexibly adjust according to the weight of the battery pack.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the number of the locking pins 13 is the same as that of the transmission rods 12, and the locking pins are arranged on the end surfaces of the transmission rods 12 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, that is, each transmission rod 12 is fixed with one locking pin 13. Of course, a plurality of locking pins 13 can be arranged on each transmission rod 12, and the plurality of locking pins 13 are fixed on the end face of the transmission rod 12 in an array mode, so that when the transmission rod 12 moves, the plurality of locking pins 13 are driven to be simultaneously in plug-in fit with corresponding locking ports, the battery pack and the electric vehicle can be locked at more positions, and the stability of the installation of the battery pack is greatly improved.

As a preferred embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the transmission assembly further includes a gear 111 fixed on the rotation shaft 11 and capable of rotating synchronously with the rotation shaft 11, and the sidewall of the transmission rod 12 facing the gear 111 is provided with a meshing tooth 121 meshing with the gear 111, and the length of the meshing tooth 121 matches the telescopic movement stroke of the locking pin 13.

The rotation shaft 11 and the transmission rod 12 are transmitted by means of a rack and pinion, so that on the one hand the rotation axis of the rotation shaft 11 is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the transmission rod 12 and the locking pin 13, thereby saving space. On the other hand, the gear rack transmission mode can realize self-locking, and when the gear 111 stops rotating, the transmission rod 12 cannot move by itself, so that the setting of an additional self-locking structure is omitted, the structure is simplified, and the cost is saved. Meanwhile, the gear 111 and the meshing teeth 121 are meshed for transmission, larger force can be transmitted, transmission efficiency is guaranteed, slipping cannot occur easily, and reliable and stable transmission is guaranteed. By limiting the moving travel of the locking pin 13 by setting the length of the meshing teeth 121, the operation is simple and easy to realize, and when the transmission rod 12 moves to the position where one end of the meshing teeth 121 is matched with the gear 111, the transmission rod 12 cannot move continuously, so that the automatic stop of the movement of the locking pin 13 in place is realized.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the rotation axis of the rotation shaft 11 is vertical, and the transmission rod 12 and the locking pin 13 move horizontally, so that the space occupied by the locking mechanism 1 in the vertical direction can be greatly reduced, the lifting height of the battery-exchanging vehicle can be reduced, and the battery-exchanging space can be saved.

In other embodiments, the rotary shaft 11 is provided with a rotary nut, and the transmission rod 12 is provided with threads that mate with the rotary nut to drive the transmission rod 12 and the locking pin 13 to move through a transmission mechanism of the nut and the screw such that the rotation axis of the rotary shaft 11 is parallel to the moving direction of the transmission rod 12 and the locking pin 13. In this case, if the transmission rod 12 and the lock pin 13 are horizontally moved, the rotation shaft 11 needs to be horizontally placed.

Further, as shown in fig. 2, at least one end of the engagement teeth 121 is provided with a limiting rib 124, and the limiting rib 124 can be in stop fit with the gear 111 to limit the movement of the transmission rod 12. When the transmission rod 12 moves to the end of the meshing teeth 121 to be matched with the gear 111, the limiting ribs 124 and the gear 111 are stopped, so that the transmission rod 12 is limited to move continuously, an operator can be given a prompt that the locking pin moves in place, the gear 111 and the meshing teeth 121 can be prevented from loosening, and effective matching of the gear 111 and the meshing teeth 121 is ensured.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, one end of the transmission rod 12 is bent to form a connecting portion 125, the locking pin 13 is fixed to the connecting portion 125, and the connecting portion 125 forms a limiting rib 124 to form a limit at one end of the engagement tooth 121 near the locking pin 13. When the transmission rod 12 moves to the end of the engagement tooth 121 to be engaged with the gear 111, the gear 111 is stopped by the stopper rib 124, thereby restricting the rotation of the gear 111 and the movement of the transmission rod 12.

Of course, the other end of the engaging tooth 121 may be provided with a limiting rib 124, so that the two ends of the engaging tooth 121 are provided with limiting ribs 124 to limit the reciprocating movement stroke of the driving rod 12 and the locking pin 13, and prevent the gear 111 from being disengaged from the engaging tooth 121.

As a preferred embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the rotation shaft 11 extends downward along its own axis direction by a preset length, the transmission rod 12 is engaged with one end of the rotation shaft 11, and the locking mechanism 1 further includes a self-locking assembly 2 disposed at the other end of the rotation shaft 11, so as to limit the locking pin 13 at the locking position or the unlocking position.

The self-locking assembly 2 can rotate through the limiting rotation shaft 11, and then the movement of the transmission rod 12 and the locking pin 13 is limited, so that the locking pin 13 is limited at a locking position or an unlocking position, the stability of the locking mechanism 1 is improved, the locking force and the locking stability can be ensured when the locking position is reached, the battery pack is prevented from being unlocked and separated from the battery replacement vehicle, and when the unlocking position is reached, the rotation shaft 11 can rotate only after the unlocking structure unlocks the self-locking assembly 2, and the rotation shaft cannot rotate at will, so that the normal power replacement operation is ensured.

In this application, the specific structure of the self-locking assembly 2 is not limited, in an example of this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the self-locking assembly 2 includes a rotating sleeve 21 connected to the rotating shaft 11 in a synchronous rotating manner, a fixing sleeve 22 sleeved outside the rotating sleeve 21, and a limiting member 23 disposed in the rotating sleeve 21 in a vertically movable manner, the limiting member 23 can rotate in a synchronous manner with the rotating sleeve 21, the fixing sleeve 22 is provided with a receiving cavity 221 at one end close to the rotating shaft 11, and the limiting member 23 can rotate in the receiving cavity 221 so that the rotating sleeve 21 can rotate.

Of course, in other embodiments, the self-locking assembly 2 may have other structures, as long as the rotation shaft 11 can be prevented from rotating, and the rotation is limited.

When the limiting piece 23 moves upwards into the accommodating cavity 221, the limiting piece 23 is in an unlocking state, and at the moment, the limiting piece 23 can rotate freely in the accommodating cavity 221, so that the rotating sleeve 21 and the rotating shaft 11 are driven to rotate, and the locking and unlocking operation of the locking pin 13 is performed. When the unlocking structure is used for driving the locking mechanism 1 to carry out locking and unlocking actions, the unlocking structure firstly needs to push the limiting piece 23 upwards into the accommodating cavity 221 and then drives the rotating shaft 11 to move, so that the self-locking function is realized, the unlocking is prevented by false touch of other external parts, and the safety of battery pack locking is improved.

Further, the fixing sleeve 22 is provided with a self-locking portion 222 for limiting the rotation of the limiting member 23 below the accommodating cavity 221, and the elastic member 113 is sandwiched between the limiting member 23 and the rotating shaft 11, so that the limiting member 23 is kept at a self-locking position in stop fit with the self-locking portion 222 to limit the rotation of the rotating sleeve 21.

The lower part of the accommodating cavity 221 is provided with a self-locking part 222, when the limiting piece 23 loses the pushing of the unlocking structure, the self-locking part 222 moves downwards under the action of the elastic piece 113, and at the moment, the self-locking part 222 is matched with the limiting piece 23 in a stop mode so as to limit the rotation of the limiting piece 23, the rotating sleeve 21 and the rotating shaft 11 can not rotate, self-locking of the rotating shaft 11 is achieved, and the locking pin 13 is locked at the locking position or the unlocking position.

The self-locking part 222 and the accommodating cavity 221 are arranged up and down, so that the position switching of the limiting piece 23 is simpler, the state switching of the limiting piece 23 is more convenient, and the self-locking of the limiting piece 23 can be released by jacking up the limiting piece 23 through the unlocking structure.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the limiting member 23 has a rod-shaped structure and is transversely arranged in the rotating sleeve 21, a cavity for accommodating the limiting member 23 is formed in the rotating sleeve 21, and the side wall of the limiting member 23 is stopped against the inner wall of the cavity, so that the limiting member 23 and the rotating sleeve 21 are limited to rotate relatively, and when the limiting member 23 rotates, the rotating force is transmitted to the rotating sleeve 21 through the stopping position, so that the rotating sleeve 21 and the rotating shaft 11 are driven to rotate synchronously.

When the limiting piece 23 is pushed up into the accommodating cavity 221 by the unlocking structure, the limiting piece 23 can rotate freely in the horizontal plane, and at the moment, the limiting piece 23 is in an unlocking state, so that the rotating sleeve 21 and the rotating shaft 11 can be driven to rotate together. When the unlocking structure descends and the pushing action on the limiting piece 23 is lost, the limiting piece 23 moves downwards under the pushing action of the elastic piece 113 and falls from the accommodating cavity 221, and at the moment, the limiting piece 23 and the self-locking part 222 are stopped, so that the rotation of the limiting piece 23 is limited, and the self-locking of the rotating shaft 11 is realized.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the rotating sleeve 21 and/or the rotating shaft 11 is provided with a mounting cavity 112 for placing the elastic member 113, the stopper 23 is provided with a guide protrusion 231 on a side facing the mounting cavity 112, and the elastic member 113 surrounds the outer circumference of the guide protrusion 231.

The installation cavity 112 provides an installation space for the elastic piece 113, so that the hidden design of the elastic piece 113 is realized, the elastic piece 113 is prevented from being exposed, the cleaning of the elastic piece 113 is ensured, and the service life and the reliability are improved. The guide protrusion 231 can guide the deformation of the elastic piece 113, limit the deformation of the elastic piece 113 to be along the axial direction of the elastic piece 113, further improve the deformation reliability of the elastic piece 113, and prevent the deformation of the elastic piece 113 from being inclined to affect the service life.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, it is preferable that the rotating sleeve 21 and the rotating shaft 11 are both provided with the installation cavity 112, and the installation cavity 112 extends upward through the rotating sleeve 21 to extend the length of the installation cavity 112, so that the length of the elastic member 113 can be properly increased, and the requirement of the rebound elasticity of the elastic member 113 is satisfied. Of course, in other examples, the installation cavity 112 may be provided only in the rotary sleeve 21, and the rotary shaft 11 is not provided with the installation cavity, so as to simplify the structure of the rotary shaft 11, reduce the processing difficulty, and save the cost.

The mounting cavity 112 can also play a role in guiding and limiting the deformation of the elastic piece 113, so that the elastic piece 113 can deform only along the length direction of the mounting cavity 112, the reliability of rebound movement of the limiting piece 23 is ensured, and meanwhile, the influence of inclination of the elastic piece 113 on the service life is avoided.

The guide protrusion 231 can further guide deformation of the elastic member 113, and meanwhile facilitates assembly of the limiting member 23 and the elastic member 113, and achieves a positioning effect during assembly. The guide protrusion 231 may be a square block protruding upward from the outer wall of the limiting member 23, or may be other structures, such as an upward extending cylindrical structure, etc., which are not limited herein.

In other embodiments, the elastic member 113 may be disposed outside the rotating shaft 11, for example, around the rotating shaft 11, and the outer wall of the rotating shaft 11 is provided with a contact rib for contacting one end of the elastic member 113, and the other end of the elastic member 113 acts on the limiting member 23.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the rotating sleeve 21 and the fixed sleeve 22 are respectively provided with a slide 212 extending up and down, and the stopper 23 is disposed in the slide 212 to guide the stopper 23 to move up and down, and the slide 212 of the fixed sleeve 22 is communicated with the receiving chamber 221.

The slide way 212 of the fixed sleeve 22 can play a role in guiding the up-and-down movement of the limiting piece 23, the reliability of the movement of the limiting piece 23 is improved, and the limiting piece 23 can float up to the accommodating cavity 221 along the slide way 212 to unlock or sink down to be matched with the stop of the self-locking part 222 to realize self-locking. The slide 212 of the rotating sleeve 21 plays a guiding role on the limiting piece 23, and simultaneously enables the limiting piece 23 and the rotating sleeve 21 to synchronously rotate, namely, a rotation limit is formed on the limiting piece 23, and the limiting piece 23 can only move up and down relative to the rotating sleeve 21 and cannot rotate relative to the rotating sleeve 21.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the lower end of the rotating sleeve 21 is provided with an operation opening 211 for cooperating with the unlocking structure, and the inner circumference of the operation opening 211 is provided with a stop portion capable of cooperating with the unlocking structure to limit the relative rotation of the unlocking structure and the rotating sleeve 21.

The operation port 211 is used for the unlocking structure to extend into, so that the unlocking structure drives the rotary sleeve 21 and the rotary shaft 11 to rotate, the switching of the locking pin 13 between the unlocking position and the locking position is realized, the stop part can be matched with the outer wall stop of the unlocking structure to limit the relative rotation of the unlocking structure and the rotary sleeve 21, the synchronous rotation of the unlocking structure and the rotary sleeve 21 is ensured, the transmission efficiency between the unlocking structure and the rotary sleeve 21 is further improved, and slipping is prevented.

Preferably, the operation opening 211 is a special-shaped hole so that at least part of the area of the opening edge of the operation opening 211 forms a stop part, and the unlocking structure is matched with the shape of the operation opening 211.

Through setting up operation mouth 211 and unlocking structure correspondence into dysmorphism hole structure, for example rectangular shape that is shown in fig. 3 can also be other shapes such as triangle-shaped, quadrangle, pentagon, oval etc for the cross-section of both is noncircular structure, thereby can make the backstop take place for the lateral wall of both, thereby constitutes backstop portion, realizes unlocking structure and the spacing of rotating sleeve 21 relative rotation, simplifies the structure of operation mouth 211, reduces the processing degree of difficulty.

Specifically, during power exchange, the unlocking structure is lifted up by the lifting mechanism of the power exchange device, so that the unlocking structure extends into the operation opening 211 and drives the rotary sleeve 21 and the rotary shaft 11 to rotate.

In other examples, the stop portion may also have other structures, for example, the stop portion includes a stop rib disposed on an inner periphery of the operation opening 211, and an engaging rib is disposed on an outer periphery of the unlocking structure, where the stop rib and the engaging rib are engaged to limit the relative rotation of the rotating sleeve 21 and the unlocking structure.

As a preferred embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the locking mechanism 1 further includes a mounting seat 14 for fixedly mounting the transmission rod 12 and/or the locking pin 13, wherein a through hole is formed in the mounting seat 14, and the transmission rod 12 and/or the locking pin 13 passes through the through hole so that the locking pin 13 can reciprocate relative to the mounting seat 14.

The transmission rod 12 and/or the locking pin 13 pass through the through hole of the mounting seat 14, so that the movement of the locking pin 13 and/or the transmission rod 12 is limited, the locking pin 13 and/or the transmission rod 12 can only move along the extending direction of the through hole, the reliability of locking and unlocking movement of the locking pin 13 is improved, the movement of the locking pin 13 is smoother, and the whole power change process is smoothly carried out.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the drive rod 12 is coupled to the mounting block 14 through a through hole. In other embodiments, the locking pin 13 is engaged with the mounting block 14 through a through hole. Alternatively, the drive rod 12 and the locking pin 13 are respectively engaged with the mounting seat 14 to enhance the guiding action.

In addition, the number of the mounting seats 14 may be one or more, and when the number of the mounting seats 14 is plural, the respective mounting seats 14 are disposed at intervals along the length direction of the transmission rod 12, and the transmission rod 12 and/or the locking pin 13 sequentially pass through the respective mounting seats 14.

As a preferred example of the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the transmission rod 12 includes a fitting section 122, the fitting section 122 being fitted with the rotation shaft 11, and a guide section 123, the guide section 123 passing through the through hole to be fitted with the mount 14.

The structure for matching with the rotation shaft 11 is disposed at the matching section 122, and the guiding section 123 is relatively smooth, so that the guiding section 123 passes through the through hole to match with the mounting seat 14, thereby reducing friction force between the guiding section 123 and the mounting seat 14 and improving movement smoothness. And because the guide section 123 does not need to be provided with a matching structure matched with the rotating shaft 11, the guide section 123 can be processed into a simpler shape, such as a cylinder shape, and the shape of the through hole is correspondingly simpler, so that the processing is convenient, and the friction resistance between the guide section 123 and the rotating shaft is reduced.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the cross section of the mating section 122 is square, so that a mating structure (such as the engaging teeth 121 shown in fig. 1) that mates with the rotating shaft 11 is disposed on the end face of the side of the mating section facing the rotating shaft 11, thereby reducing the processing difficulty and improving the mating reliability of the rotating shaft 11 and the mating section 122. The guide section 123 has a cylindrical structure, and the cross section of the guide section is circular, so that the cross section of the through hole on the mounting seat 14 is also circular, and the guide section and the through hole are convenient for the two to be in plug-in connection.

Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the guide section 123 is fixed to one end of the mating section 122, and the lock pin 13 is fixed to the other end of the mating section 122.

After the locking pin 13 is spliced and locked with the locking port, the battery pack forms a falling force on the locking mechanism 1 under the action of self gravity, the inner wall of the locking port plays an upward supporting role on the locking pin 13 at one end of the matching section 122, the mounting seat 14 plays a supporting role on the guide section 123 at the other end of the matching section 122, so that the two ends of the transmission rod 12 are supported, the stability is improved, the stress of the transmission rod 12 is dispersed, and the transmission rod 12 is prevented from deforming. At the same time, the middle matching section 122 always keeps a good position relation with the rotating shaft 11, so that stable matching between the two sections is ensured.

As a preferred embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the locking pin 13 has an insertion end provided with a guide transition surface 131 and a fixed end fixedly connected to the transmission rod 12.

The end part of the locking pin 13 is provided with a guiding transition surface 131, the guiding transition surface 131 can play a guiding role in the plug-in matching of the locking pin 13 and the locking port, errors caused by processing and assembling are reduced, and convenience of plug-in locking is improved.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the guide transition surface 131 is a beveled structure so that the width of the insertion end gradually decreases toward the locking edge. In other embodiments, the guiding transition surface 131 may have other structures, such as an arc surface structure, which is not limited herein.

The specific steps for power conversion by using the locking mechanism 1 of the present application are as follows: firstly, the battery changing vehicle is parked in a battery changing area, as shown in fig. 10, the battery changing device 5 moves below the battery changing vehicle, the battery changing device 5 is provided with a battery pack supporting platform 52 and an unlocking structure 53 extending upwards, after the battery changing device 5 and the battery changing vehicle are positioned, as shown in fig. 12, the unlocking structure 53 is controlled to rotate along the axis of the battery changing device so that the unlocking structure 53 is aligned with an operation opening 211 in a correct posture, then the lifting mechanism 51 of the battery changing device 5 lifts the unlocking structure 53 and the battery pack supporting platform 52, the unlocking structure 53 stretches into the operation opening 211 of the rotating sleeve 21 at the bottom of the rotating shaft 11 to complete insertion, at the moment, the unlocking structure 53 continues to lift, and the limiting piece 23 in the rotating sleeve 21 is pushed to lift into the accommodating cavity 221 against the elastic force of the elastic piece 113 to complete unlocking of the rotating shaft 11. Then through controlling the unlocking structure 53 to rotate, the rotating sleeve 21 and the rotating shaft 11 are driven to synchronously rotate, the rotating shaft 11 rotates to drive the transmission rod 12 to move, the locking pin 13 moves along with the transmission rod 12, finally the locking pin 13 is separated from the locking port, unlocking of the battery pack with power failure and the battery pack replacing vehicle is completed, at the moment, the battery pack with power failure falls to the battery pack supporting platform 52, the lifting mechanism 51 descends and resets, the battery pack replacing device 5 conveys the battery pack to a battery bin, and the battery pack with full power is replaced to the battery pack supporting platform 52. The battery pack carried by the battery replacement device 5 and full of electricity moves to the lower part of the battery replacement vehicle again, the battery pack is lifted to the potential of the battery replacement after the battery replacement vehicle is positioned, the unlocking structure 53 stretches into the operation opening 211 of the locking mechanism 1 to unlock the limiting piece 23, then the unlocking structure 53 is controlled to rotate in the opposite direction, and at the moment, the transmission rod 12 and the locking pin 13 gradually move to the locking position and are in plug-in fit with the locking opening so as to lock the battery pack on the battery replacement vehicle.

As shown in fig. 7 to 9, the present application further discloses a battery pack, including a battery pack body 3, and the battery pack further includes at least one battery pack locking mechanism 1 described above.

The locking mechanism 1 is arranged in the battery pack, compared with the mode that the locking mechanism 1 is arranged in the battery change vehicle, the improvement cost of the battery pack is low, and the battery pack fixed with the locking mechanism 1 is convenient to produce in batches and popularize. And the space of the battery-powered vehicle is saved, and the risk that the locking mechanism interferes with other parts on the vehicle can be avoided.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the top and side surfaces of the battery pack body 3 are provided with recessed spaces 31 for accommodating the locking mechanism 1.

Locking mechanism 1 holds to sunken space 31 in, plays the accomodating effect to locking mechanism 1, and locking mechanism 1 can not bulge in the outline of battery package body 3, reduces the whole space that occupies of battery package body 3 and locking mechanism 1, prevents that locking mechanism 1 and other parts from bumping and damaging, leads to the battery package to drop from trading the electric vehicle. And the overall structural compactness of the battery pack and the battery replacement vehicle after being fixed is improved, and the structural layout of the battery pack and the battery replacement vehicle is optimized.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the concave space 31 includes a first extending groove 311 extending vertically, and a second extending groove 312 extending laterally, the top of the first extending groove 311 communicates with the center of the second extending groove 312, the rotation shaft 11 is disposed in the first extending groove 311, and the transmission rod 12 and the locking member 13 are disposed in the second extending groove 312 and on both sides of the rotation shaft 11 to reciprocate in the second extending groove 312.

Further, as shown in fig. 7, the locking mechanism 1 is provided in two opposite edges on the top surface of the battery pack body 3. The locking mechanism 1 is arranged on two sides of the battery pack body 3, the fixation of two ends of the battery pack and the battery change vehicle is realized, the fixation stability of the battery pack can be ensured, the battery pack is prevented from inclining, the shaking of the battery pack relative to the battery change vehicle is reduced, the stress of the unilateral locking mechanism 1 is relieved, the locking mechanism 1 on two sides is uniformly stressed, the locking force of the battery pack is jointly born, the risk of deformation or damage of the locking mechanism 1 is reduced, and the service life is prolonged.

In other embodiments, the locking mechanism 1 may be provided in one, for example, at an edge of a single side of the battery pack body 3, or more than two, for example, four locking mechanisms 1 are provided at four edges of the top surface of the battery pack body 3, so as to increase locking positions and improve locking stability of the battery pack.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 9, the battery pack body is provided with at least two fixing seats 34 along the axial direction of the rotation shaft 11, the fixing seats 34 are provided with bearings 341, and the rotation shaft 11 passes through the bearings 341. The fixing seat 34 can provide support for the rotating shaft 11, and stability of the rotating shaft is improved. The bearing 341 is provided to reduce the resistance received by the rotation shaft 11 when the rotation shaft 11 rotates, and to improve the smoothness of rotation.

As shown in fig. 7, the fixing bases 34 are disposed at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the rotary shaft 11, and preferably, two fixing bases 34 are disposed at the upper and lower ends of the rotary shaft 11, respectively.

As a preferred embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 8, the top surface of the pack body 3 is provided with a guide holder 33, and the locking pin 13 passes through the guide holder 33 and can reciprocate with respect to the guide holder 33.

The locking pin 13 and the guide seat 33 are matched to further play a role in guiding the movement of the locking pin 13, so that the movement reliability is improved. And can improve locking mechanism 1 and the wholeness of battery package body 3, locking pin 13 can play the effort that upwards supports to battery package body 3 through guide holder 33 to improve locking mechanism 1 and the fixed stability of battery package body 3, prevent that locking mechanism 1 and battery package body 3 from taking place to break away from.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the top surface of the battery pack body 3 has a recess space 31 extending laterally, and guide holders 33 are provided at both ends of the recess space 31, so that the locking pin 13 is inserted and locked with the locking port through the guide holders 33. The guide holder 33 is provided at both ends along its own extending direction with reinforcing ribs 331 fixed to the battery pack body 3 to improve structural strength of the guide holder 33. At the same time, the reinforcing rib 331 can also stop with the end face of the transmission rod 12 to form a movement limit for the transmission rod 12 and the locking pin 13.

As shown in fig. 10 to 14, the present application further discloses a battery replacing vehicle, which includes a vehicle body 4 and a battery pack, the battery replacing vehicle further includes the battery pack locking mechanism 1, and/or the battery pack is the battery pack, and the locking mechanism 1 is disposed on the vehicle body 4 or the battery pack. This application can be according to actual need with locking mechanism 1 setting in battery package or vehicle body 4 to satisfy different trades electric and installation demand, provide more possibilities for locking mechanism 1's setting position, make it arrange more nimble.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 10 and 11, the locking mechanism 1 is provided to the battery pack, the vehicle body 4 is provided with an engaging piece 43, and the engaging piece 43 is provided with a locking opening 431 into which the locking pin 13 is inserted to lock the battery pack to the vehicle body 4 in cooperation with the locking pin 13.

The locking pin 13 of the locking mechanism 1 is in plug-in fit with the locking port 431 of the matching piece 43 to lock the battery pack and the vehicle body 4, and the plug-in fixing mode is simple in structure and easy to operate, so that the convenience of power conversion is improved, and the power conversion efficiency is improved. The fitting piece 43 is fitted with the locking pin 13, so that the hole in the vehicle body 4 is avoided, and the strength of the vehicle body 4 is ensured.

In other embodiments, the frame of the vehicle body 4 may be perforated to form the mating member 43, so that the locking pin 13 is directly inserted into and locked with the through hole on the frame, thereby simplifying the structure of the vehicle body 4 and saving the cost.

Further, as shown in fig. 11, the vehicle body 4 includes a frame including a side member 41 and a cross member 42, the side member 41 being of a C-shaped structure to have an installation space 411, and the fitting 43 being provided in the installation space 411.

The longitudinal beam 41 with the C-shaped structure leaves an installation space for the matching piece 43, the matching piece 43 is arranged in the installation space 411, the volume of the matching piece 43 protruding out of the outer contour of the longitudinal beam 41 can be reduced, and the structural compactness is improved.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 11, the mating member 43 has a block structure, at least a part of which is accommodated in the installation space 411, and a locking opening 431 is opened at a side of the mating member 43 facing the locking pin 13 for the locking pin 13 to extend.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 13 and 14, a transition surface 432 for guiding insertion of the lock pin 13 is provided on a side of the lock port 431 toward the lock pin 13.

The locking port 431 is provided with a transition surface 432 to increase the caliber of the opening of the locking port 431, so that the locking port 431 is in a flared horn shape, the influence that the locking pin 13 and the locking port 431 cannot be accurately aligned due to assembly errors is reduced, and the locking pin 13 and the locking port 431 are reliably matched.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 14, the transition surface 432 is a slope structure, so that the edge of the locking hole 431 gradually contracts from the outside to the inside of the locking hole 431. In other embodiments, the transition surface 432 may have a curved surface, or the like, as long as the insertion of the locking pin 13 can be guided, which is not limited herein.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, 10, 13, 14, the top surface of the battery pack is provided with a relief groove 32 that accommodates at least a partial region of the vehicle body 4.

After the battery pack is lifted to the power exchange position, at least part of the area of the vehicle body 4 can be contained in the avoidance groove 32, so that the vertical distance between the battery pack and the vehicle body 4 is reduced, and the battery pack and the vehicle body 4 are more compact.

Specifically, the avoidance groove 32 extends transversely to be matched with the longitudinal beam 41 of the vehicle body 4, and after the battery Bao Ju is lifted in place, the longitudinal beam 41 of the vehicle enters the avoidance groove 32 to reduce the vertical space between the battery pack and the vehicle body 4.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 10, the beam 42 of the vehicle body 4 is further provided with a positioning column 421 extending downward, and the top surface of the battery pack is further provided with a positioning hole 35, so that the vehicle body 4 and the battery pack are positioned more accurately by plugging and matching.

Preferably, the vehicle body 4 is provided with a downward-protruding stopper portion that can be abutted and fitted with the top surface of the battery pack. Specifically, in the process that the battery pack is lifted to the power-changing position from the bottom of the vehicle body 4, the lifting height of the battery pack is limited by the abutting fit between the limiting part protruding from the bottom of the vehicle body 4 and the top surface of the battery pack, and after the limiting part and the top surface of the battery pack are abutted, the battery pack cannot continue to move upwards, so that the in-place lifting of the battery pack is formed, and at the moment, the locking pin 13 and the locking port 431 are aligned. Through the cooperation of spacing portion and battery package, be convenient for control the lifting height of battery package, improve and trade electric efficiency.

The non-mentioned places in the application can be realized by adopting or referring to the prior art.

In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments.

The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. which are within the spirit and principles of the present application are intended to be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery pack locking mechanism is characterized in that,

the locking mechanism comprises at least one locking pin which is arranged in a telescopic manner to switch the position between a locking position and an unlocking position and a transmission assembly which drives the locking pin to move, the transmission assembly comprises a rotary shaft which is rotatably arranged and at least one transmission rod which is in linkage fit with the rotary shaft, the locking pin is arranged on the end face of the transmission rod, and the rotary shaft can drive the transmission rod to move so that the locking pin can realize telescopic movement.

2. The battery pack locking mechanism of claim 1, wherein,

The two transmission rods are positioned on two sides of the rotating shaft and are matched with the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft can drive the two transmission rods to move in opposite directions, and the locking pins are respectively arranged on the outer end faces of the two transmission rods.

3. The battery pack locking mechanism as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein,

the transmission assembly further comprises a gear which is fixed on the rotating shaft and can synchronously rotate along with the rotating shaft, meshing teeth meshed with the gear are arranged on the side wall, facing the gear, of the transmission rod, and the length of each meshing tooth is matched with the telescopic movement stroke of the locking pin.

4. The battery pack locking mechanism as in claim 3, wherein,

at least one end of the meshing teeth is provided with a limiting rib, and the limiting rib can be matched with the gear stop to limit the motion of the transmission rod.

5. The battery pack locking mechanism of claim 1, wherein,

the rotating shaft extends downwards along the axis direction of the rotating shaft for a preset length, the transmission rod is matched with one end of the rotating shaft, and the locking mechanism further comprises a self-locking assembly arranged at the other end of the rotating shaft so as to limit the locking pin at the locking position or the unlocking position.

6. The battery pack locking mechanism of claim 5, wherein,

the self-locking assembly comprises a rotating sleeve, a fixed sleeve and a limiting piece, wherein the rotating sleeve is connected with the rotating shaft in a synchronous rotating mode, the fixed sleeve is sleeved outside the rotating sleeve, the limiting piece can be vertically moved to be arranged in the rotating sleeve, the limiting piece can synchronously rotate with the rotating sleeve, a containing cavity is formed in one end, close to the rotating shaft, of the fixed sleeve, and the limiting piece can rotate in the containing cavity to enable the rotating sleeve to rotate.

7. The battery pack locking mechanism of claim 6, wherein,

the fixed sleeve is provided with a self-locking part used for limiting the rotation of the limiting part below the accommodating cavity, and an elastic part is clamped between the limiting part and the rotating shaft, so that the limiting part is kept at a self-locking position matched with the self-locking part to limit the rotation of the rotating sleeve.

8. The battery pack locking mechanism of claim 7, wherein,

the rotary sleeve and/or the rotary shaft is/are provided with an installation cavity for placing the elastic piece, one side of the limiting piece, which faces the installation cavity, is provided with a guide protrusion, and the elastic piece surrounds the periphery of the guide protrusion.

9. The battery pack locking mechanism of claim 6, wherein,

the rotary sleeve and the fixed sleeve are respectively provided with a slideway extending up and down, the limiting piece is arranged in the slideway to guide the limiting piece to move up and down, and the slideway of the fixed sleeve is communicated with the accommodating cavity;

and/or, the lower end of the rotary sleeve is provided with an operation port matched with the unlocking structure, the inner periphery of the operation port is provided with a stop part, and the stop part can be matched with the unlocking structure to limit the relative rotation of the unlocking structure and the rotary sleeve.

10. The battery pack locking mechanism of claim 9, wherein,

the operation opening is a special-shaped hole so that at least part of the area of the edge of the operation opening forms the stop part, and the unlocking structure is matched with the shape of the operation opening.

11. The battery pack locking mechanism of claim 1, wherein,

the locking mechanism further comprises a mounting seat for fixedly mounting the transmission rod and/or the locking pin, a through hole is formed in the mounting seat, and the transmission rod and/or the locking pin passes through the through hole so that the locking pin can reciprocate relative to the mounting seat.

12. The battery pack locking mechanism as in claim 11, wherein,

the transmission rod comprises a matching section and a guiding section, the matching section is matched with the rotating shaft, and the guiding section penetrates through the through hole to be matched with the mounting seat.

13. The battery pack locking mechanism as in claim 12, wherein,

the guide section is fixed at one end of the matching section, and the locking pin is fixed at the other end of the matching section;

and/or the locking pin is provided with an insertion end and a fixed end fixedly connected with the transmission rod, and the insertion end is provided with a guiding transition surface.

14. A battery pack comprises a battery pack body, and is characterized in that,

the battery pack further comprises at least one battery pack locking mechanism of any one of claims 1-13.

15. The battery pack of claim 14, wherein the battery pack comprises a plurality of battery cells,

the top surface and the side surface of the battery pack body are provided with concave spaces for accommodating the locking mechanism;

and/or the locking mechanisms are two and are oppositely arranged at the edge of the top surface of the battery pack body.

16. The battery pack of claim 14, wherein the battery pack comprises a plurality of battery cells,

The battery pack body is provided with at least two fixing seats along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, the fixing seats are provided with bearings, and the rotating shaft penetrates through the bearings;

and/or the top surface of the battery pack body is provided with a guide seat, and the locking pin penetrates through the guide seat and can reciprocate relative to the guide seat.

17. A vehicle for replacing electric vehicles comprises a vehicle body and a battery pack, and is characterized in that,

the battery-powered vehicle further comprises a battery pack locking mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 13, and/or the battery pack is a battery pack according to any one of claims 14 to 16, and the locking mechanism is provided in the vehicle body or the battery pack.

18. The battery-powered vehicle of claim 17, wherein,

the locking mechanism is arranged in the battery pack, the vehicle body is provided with a matching piece, and the matching piece is provided with a locking port for the insertion of the locking pin, so that the battery pack is locked in the vehicle body by matching with the locking pin.

19. The electric vehicle according to claim 18, characterized in that,

the vehicle body comprises a frame, the frame comprises a longitudinal beam and a cross beam, the longitudinal beam is of a C-shaped structure so as to have an installation space, and the matching piece is arranged in the installation space.

20. The electric vehicle according to claim 18, characterized in that,

and a transition surface for guiding the insertion of the locking pin is arranged on one side of the locking port, which faces the locking pin.

21. The electric vehicle according to claim 18, characterized in that,

the top surface of the battery pack is provided with an avoidance groove for accommodating at least part of the area of the vehicle body;

and/or the vehicle body is provided with a limiting part protruding downwards, and the limiting part can be in abutting fit with the top surface of the battery pack.