CN220608393U - Tail cap structure and intramedullary nail - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tail cap structure which is applied to an intramedullary nail, wherein a taking-out hole is formed in the tail part of the intramedullary nail, threads are formed in the inner side wall of the taking-out hole, and the tail cap structure comprises a tail cap main body and a quick assembly and disassembly structure; the tail cap main body comprises a sealing end and a connecting end which are connected, a groove is formed in the top of the sealing end, and the connecting end is used for being connected in the taking-out hole; the quick assembly and disassembly structure comprises a clamping piece arranged on the side part of the connecting end, and the clamping piece is used for clamping the matched screw thread. According to the tail cap structure, the clamping piece is arranged on the side wall of the connecting end of the tail cap, and the cavity is arranged at the top of the sealing end of the tail cap, so that when the tail cap is pressed, the clamping piece can clamp the threads on the inner side wall of the extraction hole, and then the sealing end is completely closed and extracted through inserting tools such as a screw knife into the cavity and screwing, so that the problem of difficult implantation of the tail cap of the traditional intramedullary nail is solved.

Description

Tail cap structure and intramedullary nail

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of orthopedic medical instruments, in particular to a tail cap structure and an intramedullary nail.

Background

Intramedullary nails are a medical device used to fix the diaphysis of a patient's fracture to reposition the patient's diaphysis. Intramedullary nail fixation is a procedure in which bone fractures are fixed by inserting intramedullary nails of appropriate length into the bone marrow cavities on both sides of the fractured end of the bone. In intramedullary nail fixation, a tail cap is implanted in the main nail center Kong Weiduan after diaphysis reduction fixation is completed. The existing clinical tail cap consists of a small and short external threaded rod which is designed with an inner hexagonal tail cap and is integrated with the tail cap head, and most operators can encounter certain difficulty when screwing in the tail cap in clinical practical application, and the tail cap threads are difficult to engage with intramedullary nail threads, so that the screw-in is difficult and the position is not correct; in addition, because the tail cap is difficult to screw in, the tail cap often falls into the operation incision position from the operator's hand, and unnecessary operation accidents and operation time waste are caused by searching for the falling tail cap easily to occur.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a tail cap structure capable of being assembled and disassembled quickly and an intramedullary nail with the tail cap structure, which are used for solving the problem that the tail cap is difficult to implant in the background technology.

The utility model provides a tail cap structure, which is applied to an intramedullary nail, wherein a taking-out hole is arranged at the tail part of the intramedullary nail, threads are arranged on the inner side wall of the taking-out hole, and the tail cap structure comprises:

the tail cap main body comprises a sealing end and a connecting end which are connected, the top of the sealing end is provided with a groove, and the connecting end is used for being connected in the taking-out hole;

the quick assembly and disassembly structure comprises a clamping piece arranged at the side part of the connecting end, and the clamping piece is used for clamping the matched screw thread.

Preferably, the clamping piece is a clamping tooth.

Preferably, the side part of the connecting end is provided with a containing groove, an elastic sheet is arranged in the containing groove, and the elastic part of the elastic sheet extends out of the containing groove and is bent to form a triangular structure so as to form the latch.

Preferably, one end of the elastic piece abuts against the bottom of the accommodating groove to form a fixing part, and the other end of the elastic piece forms the elastic part.

Preferably, limiting blocks are arranged on two sides of the notch of the accommodating groove, and two ends of the elastic part are abutted against the inner wall of the limiting block.

Preferably, the quick assembly and disassembly structure is provided with two groups, and the two groups of quick assembly and disassembly structures are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the connecting end.

Preferably, the diameter of the sealing end is greater than the diameter of the connecting end.

Preferably, a positioning pin is arranged at one end of the connecting end far away from the sealing end.

The utility model also provides an intramedullary nail, which comprises an intramedullary nail main body, a proximal locking screw, a distal locking screw and a tail cap structure as described in any one of the above;

one end of the intramedullary nail main body is provided with a taking-out hole, and threads are arranged in the taking-out hole;

the proximal locking screw and the distal locking screw both penetrate along a side of the intramedullary nail body;

the tail cap structure is mounted in the removal hole.

Preferably, a decompression groove is arranged at one end of the intramedullary nail main body far away from the extraction hole.

According to the tail cap structure, the clamping piece is arranged on the side wall of the connecting end of the tail cap, and the cavity is arranged at the top of the sealing end of the tail cap, so that when the tail cap is pressed, the clamping piece can clamp the threads on the inner side wall of the extraction hole, and then the sealing end is completely closed and extracted through inserting tools such as a screw knife into the cavity and screwing, so that the problem of difficult implantation of the tail cap of the traditional intramedullary nail is solved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present utility model, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort to those skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a tail cap structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a front view of a tail cap structure provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a front cross-sectional view of a tail cap structure provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of an intramedullary nail according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is an exploded view of an intramedullary nail and tail cap configuration provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 6 is a front cross-sectional view of an intramedullary nail provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of an intramedullary nail according to an embodiment of the present utility model secured in a femur.

Reference numerals

100-tail cap structure; 200-taking out the hole; 210-a removal hole; 220-a decompression tank; 300-proximal locking screw; 400-distal locking screw;

1-a tail cap body; 11-sealing end; a 111-type groove; 12-connecting ends; 121-a receiving groove; 122-elastic sheet; 1221-an elastic part; 1222-a fixed part; 123-fixing pins;

2-quick assembly and disassembly structure; 21-clamping piece.

Detailed Description

In order that those skilled in the art may better understand the technical solutions of the present utility model, the following detailed description of the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings is provided for exemplary and explanatory purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present utility model.

It should be noted that: like reference numerals denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the subsequent figures.

It should be noted that, the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like refer to an azimuth or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, or that the inventive product is commonly put in place when used, merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth, be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal," "vertical," "overhang," and the like do not denote a requirement that the component be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but rather may be slightly inclined. As "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present utility model, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a tail cap structure 100, which is applied to an intramedullary nail, wherein a removal hole is formed at the tail of the intramedullary nail, threads are formed on the inner side wall of the removal hole, and the tail cap structure 100 comprises a tail cap main body 1 and a quick assembly and disassembly structure 2.

The tail cap body 1 comprises a sealing end 11 and a connecting end 12 which are connected, a groove 111 is formed in the top of the sealing end 11, and the connecting end 12 is used for being connected in the taking-out hole.

The quick release structure 2 includes a clamping member 21 disposed on a side portion of the connection end 12, where the clamping member 21 is configured to be clamped with mating threads.

The sealing end 11 and the connecting end 12 may be integrally connected, the cavity 111 at the top of the sealing end 11 may be in a shape like a Chinese character 'i', a cross, or the like, the clamping piece 21 may be made of an elastic material, when the tail cap is implanted into the intramedullary nail, the sealing end 11 is pressed to enable the connecting end 12 to be inserted into the extraction hole, meanwhile, the clamping piece 21 at the side of the connecting end 12 is clamped with the thread on the inner side wall of the extraction hole, after the clamping piece 21 is clamped with the thread, a certain gap may exist between the sealing end 11 and the tail of the intramedullary nail, at this time, a tool such as a screwdriver may be used to insert into the cavity 111 at the top of the sealing end 11 and twist the sealing end, so that the extraction hole is completely closed, soft tissues and bones are prevented from growing into the extraction hole when the fracture of a patient is in reduction, when the intramedullary nail is required to be extracted after operation, the tail cap can be removed by tilting the sealing end with the tool, and then the intramedullary nail can be extracted from the diaphysis extracted by the tool. Because nearly the whole connecting end 12 is inserted into the taking-out hole by pressing, and finally the sealing end 11 is screwed by a screwdriver to strengthen the sealing performance, compared with the traditional intramedullary nail tail cap, the traditional intramedullary nail tail cap has the advantages that the tail cap does not need to be screwed in the whole process and is meshed with the tail cap by threads, and the problem of difficult implantation of the traditional tail cap is solved.

According to the tail cap structure, the clamping piece is arranged on the side wall of the connecting end of the tail cap, the cavity is formed in the top of the sealing end of the tail cap, when the tail cap is pressed, the clamping piece can clamp the threads on the inner side wall of the taking-out hole, and then the clamping piece is inserted into the cavity through tools such as a screw knife and screwed to completely seal the taking-out hole at the sealing end, so that the problem of difficult implantation of the tail cap of the traditional intramedullary nail is solved.

Further, the clamping member 21 is a latch.

Wherein, the latch can have two, and two latch are laid respectively in the opposite both sides of link 12, and the vertical height of two latch relative to link 12 can be different to guarantee that tail cap main part 1 does not take place the slope when the screw thread in two latch homoenergetic joint take out the hole.

Further, referring to fig. 3, a receiving groove 121 is formed at a side portion of the connecting end 12, an elastic piece 122 is disposed in the receiving groove 121, and an elastic portion 1221 of the elastic piece 122 extends out of the receiving groove 121 and is bent to form a triangle structure to form a latch.

The elastic piece 122 may be an elastic steel piece, which is bent around and partially exposed out of the accommodating groove 121, and the exposed portion is an elastic portion 1221, and the portion forms a convex triangle structure to form a latch.

Further, the elastic piece 122 has one end abutting against the bottom of the accommodating groove 121 to form a fixing portion 1222 and the other end forming an elastic portion 1221.

The elastic piece 122 may surround the inner wall of the attaching groove 121, form a fixing portion 1222 at the bottom of the attaching groove 121, bend and expose the portion of the attaching groove 121 to form an elastic portion 1221, and the fixing portion 1222 can be supported in the attaching groove 121 to force the elastic portion 1221 to protrude outwards.

Further, two sides of the notch of the accommodating groove 121 are provided with limiting blocks 1211, and two ends of the elastic part 1221 are abutted against the inner wall of the limiting block 1211.

The outer side wall of the limiting block 1211 may be smoothly connected with the outer side wall of the connecting end 12, and the limiting block 1211 may block the elastic portion 1221 to avoid the elastic piece 122 sliding out of the accommodating groove 121 due to excessive exposure of the elastic portion 1221.

Further, the quick assembly and disassembly structure 2 is provided with two groups, and the two groups of quick assembly and disassembly structures 2 are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the connecting end 12 so as to balance the stress between the connecting end 12 and the internal threads of the taking-out hole, thereby avoiding the inclination when the tail cap is implanted.

Further, the diameter of the sealing end 11 is larger than the diameter of the connection end 12 to enable the sealing end 11 to completely seal the take-out hole when the sealing end 11 is screwed.

Further, the end of the connecting end 12 remote from the sealing end 11 is provided with a positioning pin 123.

In intramedullary nail fixation, a locking screw is usually inserted into the main body of the intramedullary nail, and when the tail cap is implanted, the end of the positioning pin 123 at the bottom of the tail cap can abut against the locking screw, so that the screw is prevented from being retracted.

Referring to fig. 4 to 7, the present embodiment further provides an intramedullary nail including an intramedullary nail main body 200, a proximal locking screw 300, a distal locking screw 400, and a tail cap structure 100 as described in any one of the above.

One end of the intramedullary nail body 200 is provided with a removal hole 210, and the removal hole 210 is internally provided with threads.

Both the proximal locking screw 300 and the distal locking screw 400 penetrate along the sides of the intramedullary nail body 200.

The tail cap structure 100 is mounted within the extraction aperture 210.

Wherein, the intramedullary nail main body 200 may have a large diameter end and a small diameter end, and when the intramedullary nail main body is inserted, the small diameter end is inserted first so as to be implanted and taken out, the proximal locking screw 300 penetrates along the side of the large diameter end, the end of the proximal locking screw 300 may be provided with a screw blade so as to penetrate into the diaphysis, the side of the proximal locking screw 300 may be further provided with a positioning groove so that the end of the positioning pin 123 can be abutted into the positioning groove when the tail cap is implanted, thereby preventing the proximal locking screw from withdrawing the nail, and the distal locking screw may penetrate along the side of the small diameter end so as to further fix the intramedullary nail in the diaphysis.

Taking femoral intramedullary nails as an example, femoral intramedullary nail fixation is generally performed according to the following steps:

step one: a deep hole is first drilled in the greater trochanter toward the femoral body and the intramedullary nail body 200 is inserted into the deep hole to be inserted into the bone marrow of the femur.

Step two: the proximal locking screw 300 is threaded into the femoral head along the large diameter side of the intramedullary nail body 200 and is threaded into the femoral head by a helical blade to secure the intramedullary nail body 200, the proximal locking screw 300 being inclined to the large diameter end during installation, the inclination angle being typically between 120 ° and 130 ° to conform to the stem angle of the femoral neck anatomy, improving stability.

Step three: the distal locking screw 400 is penetrated along the small-diameter end side part of the intramedullary nail main body 200 to further fix the intramedullary nail main body 200, the distal locking screw 400 can be directly locked by static locking through a static locking mode and a dynamic locking mode when the distal locking screw 400 is installed, no movement exists between the distal locking screw 400 and the intramedullary nail main body 200, and the fixing effect is good; the dynamic locking and the intramedullary nail main body 200 can move in the vertical direction, so that the rotation can be prevented and the stress shielding can be avoided to a certain extent.

Step four: the tail cap structure 100 is installed in the extraction hole 210 to avoid soft tissue and bone ingrowth.

Further, the intramedullary nail body 200 is provided with a relief groove 220 at an end thereof remote from the extraction hole 210 for facilitating insertion into the femoral body, effectively avoiding stress fractures.

It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

The principles and embodiments of the present utility model have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to facilitate an understanding of the method of the present utility model and its core ideas. The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the utility model, and it should be noted that, due to the limited text expressions, there is objectively no limit to the specific structure, and that, for a person skilled in the art, modifications, adaptations or variations may be made without departing from the principles of the present utility model, and the above technical features may be combined in any suitable manner; such modifications, variations and combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concepts and aspects to other applications without modification, are contemplated as falling within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A tail cap structure (100) for an intramedullary nail, the tail of which is provided with a removal hole, the inner side wall of which is provided with threads, characterized in that the tail cap structure (100) comprises:

the tail cap main body (1) comprises a sealing end (11) and a connecting end (12) which are connected, a groove (111) is formed in the top of the sealing end (11), and the connecting end (12) is used for being connected in a taking-out hole;

the quick assembly and disassembly structure (2) comprises a clamping piece (21) arranged at the side part of the connecting end (12), wherein the clamping piece (21) is used for clamping matched threads.

2. The tail cap structure (100) of claim 1, wherein the clip (21) is a latch.

3. The tail cap structure (100) according to claim 2, wherein the side portion of the connecting end (12) is provided with a receiving groove (121), an elastic piece (122) is arranged in the receiving groove (121), and an elastic portion (1221) of the elastic piece (122) extends out of the receiving groove (121) and is bent to form a triangular structure so as to form the latch.

4. A tail cap structure (100) as claimed in claim 3, wherein one end of the elastic piece (122) abuts against the bottom of the accommodating groove (121) to form a fixing portion (1222), and the other end forms the elastic portion (1221).

5. A tail cap structure (100) according to claim 3, wherein two sides of the notch of the accommodating groove (121) are provided with limiting blocks (1211), and two ends of the elastic part (1221) are abutted against the inner walls of the limiting blocks (1211).

6. A tail cap structure (100) as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, wherein said quick release structure (2) has two sets, said two sets of quick release structures (2) being disposed on opposite sides of said connecting end (12).

7. A tail cap structure (100) as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the diameter of the sealing end (11) is greater than the diameter of the connecting end (12).

8. A tail cap structure (100) as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the end of the connecting end (12) remote from the sealing end (11) is provided with a locating pin (123).

9. An intramedullary nail, characterized by comprising an intramedullary nail body (200), a proximal locking screw (300), a distal locking screw (400) and a tail cap structure (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 8;

one end of the intramedullary nail main body (200) is provided with a taking-out hole (210), and threads are arranged in the taking-out hole (210);

the proximal locking screw (300) and distal locking screw (400) both penetrate along the side of the intramedullary nail body (200);

the tail cap structure (100) is mounted within the extraction aperture (210).

10. An intramedullary nail according to claim 9, wherein the intramedullary nail body (200) is provided with a decompression slot (220) at an end remote from the extraction hole (210).