CN220560993U - Tool changing mechanism of processing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

A tool changing mechanism of a processing machine is suitable for a vertical and horizontal dual-purpose processing machine, and the tool changing mechanism can change positions between two positions and comprises a machine body, a tool changing arm and a braking unit. Wherein the tool changing arm is combined with the machine body and provided with a tool arm, and two ends of the tool arm are respectively provided with a clamping tool group which can be used for clamping a tool bar; the braking unit comprises a movable cylinder and two braking rods, wherein the movable cylinder sleeve is arranged outside a rotating shaft of the tool changing arm and can move back and forth on a central line, the two braking rods are arranged outside the rotating shaft and drive the tool arm to synchronously rotate along with the rotating shaft, and one of the two braking rods is pushed by the movable cylinder to touch a tool holder of the tool clamping set at one end to generate a rotary swing so as to further lock or loosen a tool bar.

Description

Tool changing mechanism of processing machine

Technical Field

The present utility model relates to an automatic tool changing mechanism, and more particularly to a tool changing mechanism of a processing machine which can be applied to vertical processing or horizontal processing.

Background

The automatic tool changing mechanism of the processing machine mainly transmits a tool required for processing from a tool magazine (tool magazine) to a clamping mechanism of a spindle (spindle), and the processing machine is divided into a vertical processing machine and a horizontal processing machine according to the installation mode of the spindle, or can realize a vertical and horizontal processing machine through a mode of changing a spindle chuck.

The tool changing arm of the tool changing mechanism applied to the vertical and horizontal dual-purpose processing machine must be capable of being controlled to pivot and swing between two fixed points so as to adapt to different tool changing mechanisms, the two fixed points generally refer to swinging directions of a rotating shaft of the tool changing arm in a vertical direction and a horizontal direction, therefore, the tool clamping structures at two ends of the tool changing arm must have good and stable tool locking and loosening mechanisms, and different functions of each tool clamping structure must be controlled, especially tool changing operation in horizontal processing is more demanding.

The known control mode for the cutter clamping structure is to design a complex oil duct in the cutter changing arm and control whether hydraulic oil is injected or not by matching with the opening and closing of an electromagnetic valve so as to realize the purpose of independently controlling cutter locking or cutter loosening. However, the combination of the electromagnetic valve and the oil duct is easy to increase the cost, and the structure tends to be complex and increases the manufacturing difficulty, so that the existing tool changing mechanism is still not perfect and needs to be improved.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, an object of the present utility model is to provide a tool changing mechanism of a processing machine, which can reduce the cost and is easy to manufacture.

The present utility model provides a tool changing mechanism of a processing machine, which comprises a machine body, a tool changing arm and a braking unit. The tool changing arm comprises a tool arm and a rotating shaft, wherein the tool arm is provided with two different ends, each end is provided with a tool clamping group, each tool clamping group comprises at least one tool holder, and the at least one tool holder is provided with two ends and respectively forms a contact end and a tool supporting end; one end of the rotating shaft is connected with the cutter arm, the other end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the machine body, and the rotating shaft is controlled to drive the cutter arm to rotate by taking a central line as a center; the braking unit comprises a movable cylinder and two braking rods, the movable cylinder sleeve is provided with the rotating shaft and can move between a first position and a second position along the central line, the movable cylinder is provided with an annular top surface, and the annular top surface is provided with a high-level section and a low-level section according to the height difference; the two braking rods are arranged outside the rotating shaft in a mode of being capable of moving parallel to the central line, and can rotate around the rotating shaft along with the rotation of the cutter arm, and each braking rod is provided with two ends and respectively forms an abutting end and a pushing end.

When the movable cylinder is positioned at the first position, the abutting end of at least one of the two braking rods is not contacted with the annular top surface; when the movable cylinder is located at the second position, the abutting end of one of the two braking rods contacts the high section of the annular top surface, the pushing end of the one braking rod pushes the contact end of the at least one cutter holder of the cutter clamping group, the abutting end of the other braking rod contacts the low section of the annular top surface, and the pushing end of the other braking rod does not push the contact end of the at least one cutter holder of the other cutter clamping group.

In an embodiment, the at least one tool holder of each tool clamping set of the tool changing arm can swing around a fulcrum, when the movable cylinder is located at the first position, the abutting end of one brake rod contacts the high-level section of the annular top surface, and the abutting end of the other brake rod does not contact the low-level section of the annular top surface; when the movable cylinder is positioned at the second position, the pushing end of the braking rod contacting with the high-position section enables one tool holder to be in a state of being incapable of rotating, and the pushing end of the braking rod contacting with the low-position section enables the other tool holder to be in a state of being capable of rotating.

In an embodiment, the braking unit includes a shaft tube, the shaft tube is sleeved on the rotating shaft and fixedly connected with the machine body, the movable cylinder sleeve is arranged outside the shaft tube, wherein the outer circumferential surface of the shaft tube is provided with a ring wall protruding along the radial direction, the ring wall divides the inner space of the movable cylinder into a first space and a second space which are not communicated, when the inner pressure of the first space is greater than the inner pressure of the second space, the movable cylinder is located at the first position, and when the inner pressure of the second space is greater than the inner pressure of the first space, the movable cylinder is located at the second position.

In an embodiment, the movable cylinder is rotatably sleeved outside the shaft tube, two channels are arranged inside the shaft tube, each channel is provided with a first port for being communicated with an external pressure source, each channel is provided with a second port, the second port of one channel is communicated with the first space, and the second port of the other channel is communicated with the second space.

In one embodiment, the braking unit comprises a supporting tube, wherein the supporting tube is sleeved with the rotating shaft, one end of the supporting tube is fixedly connected with the machine body, and the other end of the supporting tube is connected with the cutter arm in a mode that the cutter arm can rotate relative to the supporting tube; the shaft tube is sleeved outside the supporting tube and fixedly connected with the supporting tube.

In an embodiment, each of the clamping knife groups includes an elastic member and a shaft pin, the elastic member is disposed inside the knife arm, the shaft pin is inserted into the at least one knife holder, the at least one knife holder can swing around the shaft pin as a pivot, and the elastic member provides an elastic force to act on the at least one knife holder so as to keep the knife abutting end of the at least one knife holder moving towards a predetermined direction.

In one embodiment, two ends of the cutter arm are respectively provided with at least one lateral groove, a containing hole and a penetrating hole, the at least one cutter holder is arranged in the at least one lateral groove, the elastic piece is arranged in the containing hole, and pushing ends of the two braking rods respectively protrude into the penetrating hole; the braking unit comprises two resetting pieces which are respectively arranged in the penetrating holes, and each resetting piece provides a thrust force to act on the pushing end of one braking rod so as to ensure that each braking rod keeps moving towards the direction of the movable cylinder.

In an embodiment, the braking unit includes a turntable, the turntable is sleeved with the rotating shaft in a manner of being capable of keeping at the same height position, the turntable can rotate around the rotating shaft, the two braking rods respectively pass through the turntable, and the abutting end and the pushing end of each braking rod are positioned at two sides of the turntable.

In one embodiment, the upper section of the annular top surface of the movable cylinder is a plane, and the lower section of the annular top surface is a gradually concave curved surface. Wherein the movable cylinder is defined to have a center, and the lower section of the annular top surface is defined as a range of a central angle between 90 and 150 degrees.

The utility model has the advantages that the high-level section and the low-level section of the annular top surface are utilized to have the characteristic of high-low fall, and the cutter locking and releasing mechanism can be realized simultaneously in the cutter changing operation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a machine tool incorporating a tool changing mechanism according to a preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a side view of the machine shown in FIG. 1, illustrating the tool changer in an upright position;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the machine shown in FIG. 1, illustrating the tool changing mechanism in a horizontal position;

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the tool changing mechanism according to the preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is an exploded view of a tool changing arm and a portion of a detent unit of the tool changing mechanism of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a tool changing arm of the tool changing mechanism of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken in the direction 7-7 of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is an exploded view of a portion of the detent unit of the tool changing mechanism of FIG. 4;

FIG. 9 is a side view of a bushing of the detent unit of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is an exploded view of a portion of the components of the detent unit of FIG. 8;

FIG. 11 is a top view of the movable cylinder of the detent unit of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a top view of a tool changing mechanism in the machine of FIG. 2;

FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken in the direction 13-13 of FIG. 12, showing the tool changing mechanism in an upright position and the movable cylinder in the detent unit in a first position;

FIG. 14 is a sectional view taken in the direction 14-14 of FIG. 13;

FIG. 15 is similar to FIG. 13, but shows the movable cylinder in the detent unit in a second position;

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken in the direction 16-16 of FIG. 15; and

fig. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing the tool changing mechanism in a horizontal position and the movable cylinder in the detent unit in a second position.

[ symbolic description ]

[ utility model ]

100 knife changing mechanism

10 body part

20 tool changing arm

21 knife arm

21A,21B knife clamping portion

21a tool holder plate

21b lateral grooves

21c accommodating hole

21d, penetrating holes

22 rotation axis

22a connecting sleeve

22b, linkage shaft

23 elastic member

24 tool holder

24a knife abutting end

24b touch end

25 shaft pin

30 brake unit

31 rotary table

31a hollow part

31b perforation

32 brake lever

32a long rod body

32b connector

32c brake pad

33 reset piece

34 bottom cover

35 top cover

36 shaft tube

36a through hole

36b, a ring wall

361,362, channel

First port of 365 a,362a

365 b,362b second port

37 movable cylinder

371 lifting base

371a screw hole

372 cylinder tube

373 guiding cover

373a, perforation

373b through holes

374 screw

375 annular top surface

375a low-order section

375b high section

38 supporting tube

38a shoulder portion

38b external diffusion wall

38c perforation

39 guide disc

39a hollow portion

39b through hole

39c wing portion

39d, perforation

40, connecting mouth

41 screw

42 screw

43 guide bar

44 bearing

50 motor

200 drive mechanism

201 rotating shaft

C is the center of a circle

Theta: central angle

L1 axis

L2 center line

PV: upright position

PH horizontal position

S clamping space

S1 first space

S2 second space

T-knife bar

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the present utility model, a preferred embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a tool changing mechanism 100 according to a preferred embodiment of the present utility model is applied to a vertical and horizontal dual-purpose processing machine for exchanging tools on a spindle of the processing machine with tools in a tool magazine. The tool changing mechanism 100 is driven by a driving mechanism 200 to pivot between an upright position PV shown in fig. 2 and a horizontal position PH shown in fig. 3 with an axis L1 as a center. In the present embodiment, the tool changing mechanism 100 includes a machine body 10, a tool changing arm 20, a braking unit 30 and a motor 50, wherein the machine body 10 is connected to a rotating shaft 201 of the driving mechanism 200, the rotating shaft 201 has the axis L1, and the axis L1 passes through the machine body 10, and the rotating shaft 201 is controlled to rotate to synchronously drive the tool changing mechanism 100 to pivot, and since the driving mechanism 200 is not the focus of the present utility model, the description is omitted herein.

Referring to fig. 5 to 7, the tool changing arm 20 includes a tool arm 21 and a rotating shaft 22. Wherein, two opposite ends of the cutter arm 21 are respectively provided with a cutter clamping group, one end of the rotating shaft 22 is fixedly connected with the central part of the cutter arm 21, the other end is fixedly connected with a connecting shaft 22b through a connecting shaft sleeve 22a (refer to fig. 8) to penetrate through the machine body 10, and the motor 50 is combined on the machine body 10 and used for controlling the rotating shaft 22 to drive the cutter arm 21 to rotate by taking a central line L2 as a center.

The two ends of the cutter arm 21 are respectively provided with a cutter clamping part 21A and a cutter clamping part 21B with outward openings, each cutter clamping part is provided with a cutter clamping plate 21A integrally formed, each cutter clamping part is provided with a lateral groove 21B at the opposite side of the cutter clamping plate 21A, the bottom of the lateral groove 21B is further provided with a containing hole 21c which does not penetrate the cutter arm 21 along the horizontal direction, and in addition, two sides of the connecting part of the cutter arm 21 with the rotating shaft 22 are respectively provided with a penetrating hole 21d which penetrates the top surface and the bottom surface along the vertical direction. Each of the clamping knife groups includes an elastic member 23, a knife holder 24 and a shaft pin 25, wherein the elastic member 23 is placed in advance in the accommodating hole 21c, the knife holder 24 is placed in the lateral groove 21b, the shaft pin 25 passes through the knife arm 21 and the knife holder 24, so that the knife holder 24 can swing around the shaft pin 25 as a pivot, and the knife holder 24 forms a knife abutting end 24a and a touching end 24b at two ends respectively by taking the shaft pin 25 as a boundary. One end of the elastic member 23 abuts against the bottom of the accommodating hole 21c, and the other end abuts against the portion of the holder 24 between the shaft pin 25 and the touch end 24b, and the elastic force provided by the elastic member 23 acts on the holder 24, so that the abutting end 24a of the holder 24 is kept against the holder plate 21a.

When the tool holder T with the tool is moved into and out of the clamping space S formed by the holder plate 21a and the abutment end 24a of the tool holder 24, the tool holder T contacts and pushes the abutment end 24a to slightly swing the tool holder 24, so that the tool holder T can be moved into and out of the clamping space S smoothly. When the tool holder T enters the clamping space S, the tool holder 24 is pressed against the tool holder T by the elastic force of the elastic member 23, so that the tool holder T is stably clamped. The above-mentioned mode of realizing the clamping tool bar T is configured by integrally forming the tool holder plate 21a and the tool holder 24 capable of swinging together, however, in practice, the two lateral grooves at one end of the tool arm may be symmetrically arranged, the two tool holders are also respectively pivoted in one of the lateral grooves, and the tool bar can be clamped between the two tool holders.

The detent unit 30 includes a turntable 31, two detent levers 32, two reset members 33, two bottom covers 34 and two top covers 35, wherein the turntable 31 is sleeved outside the rotation shaft 22 in a manner of being able to keep the same height position, and the turntable 31 can rotate around the rotation shaft 22. In the present embodiment, the turntable 31 has a hollow portion 31a, and two through holes 31b are disposed at two sides of the hollow portion 31 a; the two brake levers 32 respectively include a long lever body 32a, a joint 32b and a brake block 32c, one end of the two long lever bodies 32a respectively passes through a bottom cover 34 and then passes through a through hole 31b of the turntable 31 to be connected with the joint 32b, the other end of the long lever body 32a is connected with the brake block 32c, the bottom cover 34 is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the cutter arm 21, so that the brake block 32c is positioned in a through hole 21d of the cutter arm 21, and the joints 32b and the brake block 32c at two ends of the brake lever 32 are positioned at two sides of the turntable 31, wherein the joint 32c defines the pushing end of the utility model, and the joint 32b forms the abutting end of the utility model.

The two restoring members 33 are springs and are respectively disposed in the through holes 21d, the two top covers 35 are fixedly connected to the top surfaces of the cutter arms 21 and respectively limit one restoring member 33 in one through hole 21d, and the restoring member 33 provides a pushing force to act on one braking rod 32 so as to keep each braking rod 32 moving outwards. As can be seen from the above, the two assembled brake levers 32 are movably mounted on the outer side of the rotation shaft 22 in parallel to the center line L2 through the turntable 31, and when the cutter arm 21 rotates, the cutter arm 21 drives the two brake levers 32 to link the turntable 31 to rotate around the rotation shaft 22.

Referring to fig. 8, the detent unit 30 further includes a shaft tube 36, a movable cylinder 37, a support tube 38, and a guide plate 39. The shaft tube 36 is installed inside the movable cylinder 37, and for convenience of description, the structure of the shaft tube 36 will be described first, and then the movable cylinder 37 will be described later. The shaft tube 36 has a plurality of through holes 36a penetrating the top and bottom surfaces, and a radially protruding wall 36b on the outer peripheral surface thereof, as shown in fig. 9, the shaft tube 36 is provided therein with a channel 361 and a channel 362, which are not communicated with each other, and two ends of the channel are a first port and a second port, respectively, wherein the first port 361a of the channel 361 and the first port 362a of the channel 362 are located at the bottom of the shaft tube 36, and can be communicated to an external pressure source (not shown) through a connector 40, respectively, the second port 361b of the channel 361 and the second port 362b of the channel 362 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft tube 36, and the second port 361b and the second port 362b are located at two sides of the wall 36 b.

The movable cylinder 37 is movable along the center line L2 with respect to the shaft tube 36. As shown in fig. 10, the movable cylinder 37 of the present embodiment includes a circular lifting seat 371, a cylinder tube 372 and a guiding cover 373, when assembled, the cylinder tube 372 is first used to cover the shaft tube 36, then the lifting seat 371 and the guiding cover 373 are vertically clamped with the cylinder tube 372, and a plurality of screws 374 pass through the respective through holes 373a on the guiding cover 373 and then lock into the corresponding screw holes 371a of the lifting seat 371, so that the cylinder tube 372 is fixedly connected between the lifting seat 371 and the guiding cover 373, and at the same time, the annular wall 36b of the shaft tube 36 divides the interior of the movable cylinder 37 into a first space S1 (see fig. 13) and a second space S2 (see fig. 15) which are not communicated, that is, the space between the guiding cover 373 and the annular wall 36b forms the first space S1, the space between the lifting seat and the annular wall 36b forms the second space S2, and the second port b of the passage 361 is communicated with the first space S1 and the second port 362b of the passage 362 is communicated with the second port S2.

In addition, the movable cylinder 37 is further designed to have an annular top surface 375 with a height difference and a fluctuation variation on the top surface of the lifting seat 371, as shown in fig. 10 and 11, the annular top surface 375 takes a center C as a vertex, a range of a central angle θ between 90 and 150 degrees is defined as a low level section 375a, a portion other than the low level section 375a is a high level section 375b, in this embodiment, the central angle θ is exemplified by 120 degrees, the low level section 375a is a curved surface gradually recessed toward the central portion, the high level section 375b is a plane, and the central portion (θ=60 degrees) of the curved surface constituting the low level section 375a is opposite to the plane constituting the high level section 375b as a lowest point.

As shown in fig. 8, the support tube 38 is an elongated tubular body, the tubular body has a protruding shoulder 38a, a flaring wall 38b is formed at the bottom, and a plurality of perforations 38c are provided on the flaring wall 38 b. The guiding plate 39 has a hollow portion 39a for sleeving the supporting tube 38, the guiding plate 39 is provided with a plurality of through holes 39b at the periphery of the hollow portion 39a, and the guiding plate 39 has two wing portions 39c extending outwards, and each wing portion 39c is provided with a through hole 39d. When in assembly, the guide disc 39 is firstly placed between the shaft tube 36 and the support tube 38, then one end of a plurality of long rod-shaped screws 41 sequentially pass through the through hole 36a of the shaft tube 36, the through hole 39b of the guide disc 39 and the through hole 38c of the support tube 38 and then are locked into the machine body 10, so that the shaft tube 36 and the support tube 38 are connected with the machine body 10 and are fixed, and the bottom of the shaft tube 36 is forced to tightly press the guide disc 39 against the flaring wall 38b along with the tightening of the screws 41, so that the guide disc 39 can not rotate; in addition, the guiding disc 39 passes through the through hole 39d through two screws 42 respectively and locks a guiding rod 43, and each guiding rod 43 passes through a through hole 373b of the guiding cover 373 respectively, so as to achieve the purpose of preventing the movable cylinder 37 from rotating improperly relative to the shaft tube 36.

In the above description, the assembled support tube 38 is sleeved outside the rotation shaft 22, the bottom of the support tube 38 is fixedly connected with the machine body 10, the top is close to the cutter arm 21 but does not prevent the rotation of the cutter arm 21, the shaft tube 36 is sleeved outside the support tube 38, the movable cylinder 37 is sleeved on the shaft tube 36 in a manner of being movable relative to the shaft tube 36 but not rotatable, and the two braking rods 32 are positioned between the cutter arm 21 and the lifting seat 371 of the movable cylinder 37. In addition, a bearing 44 (refer to fig. 7) is sleeved between the shoulder 38a of the supporting tube 38 and the turntable 31, so as to achieve the purpose that the turntable 31 can be kept at the same height position and can rotate around the rotation shaft 22.

As described above, the tool changing mechanism 100 of the present embodiment can be controlled to pivot between the vertical position PV (see fig. 2) and the horizontal position PH (see fig. 3) when applied to the vertical and horizontal dual-purpose processing machine, and the linkage relationship between the tool changing arm 20 and the brake unit 30 will be described below by taking the application of the tool changing mechanism 100 to the vertical and horizontal processing as an example.

Firstly, referring to fig. 2 and 12-14, the tool changing mechanism 100 is disclosed as being applied to vertical machining and in the vertical position PV, in this process, in order to enable the clamping portion of the tool arm 21 to smoothly clamp the tool bar T arranged vertically, the movable cylinder 37 must be controlled to be kept at a side relatively far from the tool arm 21, so that when the two brake levers 32 are pushed downward by the reset members 33, the brake levers 32 can have enough downward movement space to drive the brake blocks 32c to leave the swing path of the tool holder 24, and further ensure that the tool holder 24 can have swing space to correspond to the tool bar T to enter and exit the clamping space S. The movable cylinder 37 in the above-mentioned state is defined as being located at a first position P1, and the tool holder 24 is kept in a movable and rotatable state (refer to fig. 6) despite the elastic force of the elastic member 23, and it is noted that, after the tool holder T enters the clamping space S, the tool holder 24 is supported by the tool holder plate 21a and the tool holder 24 without falling down due to its own weight, and the tool holder 24 is kept under the elastic force of the elastic member 23 such that the tool abutment end 24a is abutted against the tool holder plate 21a to clamp the tool holder T together therewith, and the centrifugal force to the tool holder T when the tool arm 21 rotates is set to be greater based on the elastic force of the elastic member 23, so that the tool holder T can be effectively held between the tool holder plate 21a and the tool holder 24. When the tool holder T translates into and out of the clamping space S and contacts the abutment end 24a, the tool holder 24 deflects and compresses the elastic member 23 to deform, so that the tool holder T can smoothly enter and exit the clamping space S.

In the above, in order to ensure that the stop block 32c at one end of the detent lever 32 does not interfere with the swing of the tool holder 24, the fixed point position of the moving cylinder 37 is set, preferably, the joint 32b of the two detent levers 32 does not touch the annular top surface 375 of the moving cylinder 37, but considering that the tool changing mechanism 100 is also suitable for horizontal processing, the first position P1 of the moving cylinder 37 of the present embodiment is set at the position shown in fig. 13, and the high section 375b of the annular top surface 375 of the moving cylinder 37 is kept at the same side as the same swing of the tool changing mechanism 100, for example, when the tool changing mechanism 100 swings leftwards, the high section 375b of the annular top surface 375 is designed to be located at the left side; in addition, for convenience of description, the two detent levers will be hereinafter referred to as a first detent lever 32A and a second detent lever 32B, respectively, so that when the movable cylinder 37 is located at the first position P1, the high section 375B of the annular top surface 375 is indicated to be just contacted with the joint 32B of the first detent lever 32A, and the low section 375a of the annular top surface 375 is not contacted with the joint 32B of the second detent lever 32B. In addition, in the present embodiment, the mode for controlling the movable cylinder 37 to move to the first position P1 is to inject the high-pressure gas into the first space S1 through the input high-pressure gas circulation channel 361 (while the gas in the second space S2 is discharged through the channel 362), and when the internal pressure of the first space S1 is greater than the internal pressure of the second space S2 on the basis that the shaft tube 36 is stationary, the high-pressure gas pushes the movable cylinder 37 to move downward and keep at the first position P1.

When the tool changing mechanism 100 is to be applied to a tool changing operation of horizontal machining, the tool changing mechanism 100 leaves the magazine while being kept at the upright position PV, and when approaching the spindle of the machining machine, the movable cylinder 37 of the brake unit 30 is controlled to move to a certain point in the direction of the tool arm 21, and then the tool changing mechanism 100 is controlled to pivot to the horizontal position PH (refer to fig. 3). The fixed point where the movable cylinder 37 moves toward the cutter arm 21 is defined as a second position P2 (see fig. 15), and the movable cylinder 37 is controlled to move to the second position P2 by inputting high-pressure gas to push the movable cylinder 37, unlike the above-mentioned method, in which the high-pressure gas is injected into the second space S2 through the channel 362 (and the gas in the first space S1 is discharged through the channel 361), the high-pressure gas can push the movable cylinder 37 to move upward and keep at the second position P2 when the internal pressure of the second space S2 is greater than the internal pressure of the first space S1 on the basis that the shaft tube 36 is stationary.

Because the lower section 375a and the upper section 375b of the annular top surface 375 have a height difference, when the movable cylinder 37 moves upward, the upper section 375b of the annular top surface 375 continuously pushes the first detent lever 32A to move upward, and when the brake block 32c of the first detent lever 32A contacts the trigger end 24b (see fig. 16), the tool holder 24 cannot swing, so that the tool abutment end 24a of the tool holder 24 and the tool clamping plate 21a jointly and firmly clamp the tool bar T for locking the tool bar T; the lower section 375a contacts the joint 32B of the second detent lever 32B but does not push the second detent lever 32B upward, so that the detent 32c of the second detent lever 32B is still kept under the pushing force of the restoring member 33 in the state of not contacting the trigger end 24B as shown in fig. 14, and the detent 32c of the second detent lever 32B does not interfere with the swinging of the tool holder 24, but the tool holder 24 is still pressed against the tool holder T by the elastic force of the elastic member 23.

After the movable cylinder 37 reaches the second position P2, the tool changing mechanism 100 is controlled to pivot to the horizontal position PH, as shown in fig. 17, and the opening of the lower tool clamping portion 21A of the tool arm 21 is downward, but the tool holder 24 is pushed by the first brake rod 32A to form a tool locking state on the horizontally arranged tool bar T, so as to prevent the tool bar T from loosening from the tool clamping portion 21A; at the same time, the opening of the high knife clamping part 21B at the knife arm 21 is upward, so that the knife bar T on the spindle of the processing machine is conveniently arranged therein, and the knife bar T at the position is supported by the knife clamping part 21B and does not fall down due to self weight, and is simultaneously subjected to the elasticity of the elastic piece 23 of the knife clamping part 21B, so that the knife bar T at the position is kept in a stable state.

When the cutter arm 21 is controlled to rotate 180 degrees to perform a cutter changing operation, the first and second brake levers 32A and 32B will rotate around the rotation shaft 22 along with the rotation of the cutter arm 21, so that the abutting ends (i.e. the joints 32B) of the first and second brake levers 32A and 32B always keep contact with the annular top surface 375, and during the process of changing the lower clamping portion 21A to the higher position (the original higher clamping portion 21B will be changed to the lower position), the first and second brake levers 32A and 32B will also change positions synchronously, i.e. the abutting ends of the first brake lever 32A will slide into the lower portion 375a along the upper portion 375a to gradually form a loose cutter to the clamping portion 21A, and the abutting ends of the second brake lever 32B will gradually move from the lowest point position of the lower portion 375a to the higher portion 375B to form a lock the clamping portion 21B. Therefore, based on the above-mentioned structural relationship, when the cutter arm 21 rotates, the cutter clamping portion 21A and the cutter clamping portion 21B can form a loose cutter and a lock cutter to the horizontally arranged cutter bar T in good time, so as to ensure the smoothness of the cutter changing operation.

As can be seen from the above description, the tool changing mechanism 100 of the present embodiment can be used in a vertical and horizontal dual-purpose processing machine to effectively perform the tool locking and unlocking mechanism for the tool bar T both during the vertical and horizontal processing. In addition, the means for controlling the movement of the movable cylinder 37 between the first position P1 and the second position P2 according to the present embodiment adopts pneumatic control, which is environment-friendly, and may adopt hydraulic means as needed. In addition, bearings or sealing members are provided between the respective members of the tool changing arm 20 and the stopper unit 30 according to arrangement requirements, so as to ensure smoothness of the actuation of the related members and good sealing effect. The tool holder 24 of the above embodiment is designed to swing, but in practice, the tool holder may be designed to move back and forth in a linear direction for the purpose of locking and unlocking the tool.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and all the equivalent changes in the specification and claims should be construed to be included in the scope of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A tool changing mechanism for a processing machine, comprising:

a machine body;

the tool changing arm comprises a tool arm and a rotating shaft, wherein the tool arm is provided with two different ends, each end is provided with a tool clamping group, each tool clamping group comprises at least one tool holder, and the at least one tool holder is provided with two ends and respectively forms a contact end and a tool supporting end; one end of the rotating shaft is connected with the cutter arm, the other end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the machine body, and the rotating shaft is controlled to drive the cutter arm to rotate by taking a central line as a center;

the movable cylinder is provided with a rotary shaft and can move between a first position and a second position along the central line, and the movable cylinder is provided with an annular top surface which is provided with a high-level section and a low-level section according to the height difference; the two braking rods are arranged outside the rotating shaft in a manner of being capable of moving in parallel to the central line, and can revolve around the rotating shaft as a center along with the rotation of the cutter arm, and each braking rod is provided with two ends and respectively forms an abutting end and a pushing end;

when the movable cylinder is positioned at the first position, the abutting end of at least one of the two braking rods is not contacted with the annular top surface; when the movable cylinder is located at the second position, the abutting end of one of the two braking rods contacts the high section of the annular top surface, the pushing end of the one braking rod pushes the contact end of the at least one cutter holder of the cutter clamping group, the abutting end of the other braking rod contacts the low section of the annular top surface, and the pushing end of the other braking rod does not push the contact end of the at least one cutter holder of the other cutter clamping group.

2. The tool changing mechanism of claim 1, wherein the at least one holder of each clamping tool set of the tool changing arm is capable of swinging about a fulcrum, wherein when the movable cylinder is in the first position, the abutment end of one of the detent levers contacts the upper section of the annular top surface, and the abutment end of the other detent lever does not contact the lower section of the annular top surface; when the movable cylinder is positioned at the second position, the pushing end of the braking rod contacting with the high-position section enables one tool holder to be in a state of being incapable of rotating, and the pushing end of the braking rod contacting with the low-position section enables the other tool holder to be in a state of being capable of rotating.

3. The tool changing mechanism of claim 2, wherein the detent unit comprises a shaft tube, the shaft tube is sleeved on the rotating shaft and fixedly connected with the machine body, the movable cylinder sleeve is arranged outside the shaft tube, wherein the outer circumferential surface of the shaft tube is provided with a ring wall protruding radially, the ring wall divides the inner space of the movable cylinder into a first space and a second space which are not communicated, when the inner pressure of the first space is greater than the inner pressure of the second space, the movable cylinder is positioned at the first position, and when the inner pressure of the second space is greater than the inner pressure of the first space, the movable cylinder is positioned at the second position.

4. A tool changing mechanism of a processing machine according to claim 3, wherein the movable cylinder is rotatably fitted around the outside of the shaft tube, and two passages are provided in the shaft tube, each of the two passages having a first port for communication with an external pressure source, each of the two passages having a second port, wherein the second port of one of the passages communicates with the first space, and the second port of the other passage communicates with the second space.

5. A tool changing mechanism of a processing machine according to claim 3, wherein the braking unit comprises a supporting tube, the supporting tube is sleeved with the rotating shaft, one end of the supporting tube is fixedly connected with the machine body, and the other end of the supporting tube is connected with the tool arm in a manner that the tool arm can rotate relative to the supporting tube; the shaft tube is sleeved outside the supporting tube and fixedly connected with the supporting tube.

6. The tool changing mechanism of claim 2, wherein each clamping tool set comprises an elastic member and a shaft pin, the elastic member is disposed in the tool arm, the shaft pin is inserted into the at least one tool holder, the at least one tool holder can swing around the shaft pin as a pivot, and the elastic member provides an elastic force to the at least one tool holder so as to maintain the tool abutting end of the at least one tool holder to move towards a predetermined direction.

7. The tool changing mechanism of claim 6, wherein the two ends of the tool arm are respectively provided with at least one lateral groove, a containing hole and a penetrating hole, the at least one tool holder is arranged in the at least one lateral groove, the elastic piece is arranged in the containing hole, and the pushing ends of the two braking rods respectively protrude into the penetrating hole; the braking unit comprises two resetting pieces which are respectively arranged in the penetrating holes, and each resetting piece provides a thrust force to act on the pushing end of one braking rod so as to ensure that each braking rod keeps moving towards the direction of the movable cylinder.

8. The tool changing mechanism of claim 1, wherein the detent unit comprises a turntable, the turntable is sleeved with the rotating shaft in a manner of being capable of being kept at the same height position, the turntable can rotate around the rotating shaft, the two detent rods respectively pass through the turntable, and the abutting end and the pushing end of each detent rod are positioned at two sides of the turntable.

9. The tool changing mechanism of a machining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the upper section of the annular top surface of the movable cylinder is a flat surface, and the lower section of the annular top surface is a curved surface which is gradually recessed.

10. The tool changing mechanism of claim 9, wherein the movable cylinder is defined to have a center, and the lower section of the annular top surface is defined to have a center angle in a range between 90 and 150 degrees.