CN220554015U - Bus type structure system of multi-user QKD metropolitan area network - Google Patents
Bus type structure system of multi-user QKD metropolitan area network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a multi-user QKD metropolitan area network bus type structure system, which comprises a control end user, m access interconnection devices, m monitors and m local access networks, wherein m is more than or equal to 1; the control end user is sequentially connected with the local access network 1, the monitor 1, the local access network 2, the monitor 2 and the … … local access network m and the monitor m through a common monitoring channel to form a local access network annular loop; the access interconnection device 1, the monitor 1, the access interconnection device 2, the monitor 2 and the … … access interconnection device m, the monitor m and the access interconnection device 1 are sequentially connected through a public optical fiber to form a domain backbone network loop; and the control end user accesses the domain backbone network loop through the public optical fiber. The utility model sets monitors for link monitoring in the annular loop, can monitor the safety state of the link in real time, so that the QKD metropolitan area network has better fault coping capability and better user expansibility.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of quantum communication technology and optical fiber communication, in particular to a multi-user QKD metropolitan area network bus structure system.
Background
At present, the informatization technology already covers the living aspects of people, and massive communication data are transmitted through the Internet every day, so that the security of the data is very important. To cope with this problem, quantum secret communication technology has become a research hotspot in the related art. The quantum communication technology is a technology based on the quantum basic principle, and can theoretically ensure unconditional safety of information. Quantum key distribution (QuantumKey Distribution, QKD) is the most technically sophisticated quantum communication technology of greatest interest.
The metropolitan area network is a common networking form in the quantum communication technology and is also an important bearing network for information transmission of the Internet, so that the information security of the metropolitan area network is a precondition for guaranteeing the data security of all users in the metropolitan area. And the QKD technology is introduced into the metropolitan area network by adopting various topological structures to form the QKD metropolitan area network, thereby being beneficial to maintaining network security. However, QKD metropolitan area networks may experience unavoidable network failures, resulting in interruption of the data transmission process. Therefore, certain link protection measures need to be taken to prevent as much as possible the failure problem of the QKD metropolitan area network to ensure safe transmission of data.
Accordingly, there is a need to improve upon the deficiencies of the prior art by providing a multi-user QKD metropolitan area network bus architecture system.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a bus type structural system of a multi-user QKD metropolitan area network in order to solve the transmission problem of the QKD metropolitan area network.
The utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:
a multi-user QKD metropolitan area network bus type structure system comprises a control end user, m access interconnection devices, m monitors and m local access networks, wherein m is more than or equal to 1;
the control end user is sequentially connected with a local access network 1, a monitor 1, a local access network 2, a monitor 2 … … local access network m and a monitor m in m local access networks through a common monitoring channel to form a local access network annular loop;
the access interconnection device 1, the monitor 1, the access interconnection device 2, the monitor 2 and the monitor … … in the m access interconnection devices are connected in sequence through a public optical fiber to form a domain backbone network loop;
the control end user is accessed to the domain backbone network loop through a public optical fiber; the m access interconnection devices are correspondingly connected with m local access networks through special optical fibers;
the control end user comprises a monitoring feedback device, a wavelength distribution device and a key distribution device which are connected in sequence;
the monitoring feedback device is used for receiving the information of the public optical fiber links fed back by the m monitors and sending the information to the wavelength distribution device and each local access network;
the wavelength distribution device is used for distributing the wavelength lambda m1 and transmitting the wavelength lambda m1 to the key distribution device;
the key distribution device is used for generating optical pulses according to the wavelength lambda m1 and transmitting the optical pulses to the local access network through the access interconnection device of the public optical fiber;
the access interconnection device is used for connecting a control end user and a local access network as backbone nodes;
the local access network is used for receiving the optical pulse and detecting and responding to the received optical pulse.
Preferably, the key distribution means includes a multi-wavelength pulse generation means, a variable optical attenuator, a first coupler, a first phase modulator, and a second coupler; the multi-wavelength pulse generating device, the variable optical attenuator and the first coupler are sequentially connected, a first output port of the first coupler is connected with the first phase modulator through a long-arm optical fiber and then connected with the second coupler, and a second output port of the first coupler is connected with the second coupler through a short-arm optical fiber.
Preferably, the m local access networks include m access clients and m optical tapping devices that are connected with each other; any two adjacent local access networks are connected through respective optical tapping devices.
Preferably, the access user terminal comprises a third coupler, a second phase modulator, a fourth coupler, a first single photon detector and a second single photon detector;
the third coupler is connected with the second phase modulator through the long-arm optical fiber and then is connected with the input port of the fourth coupler, the third coupler is also connected with the input port of the fourth coupler through the short-arm optical fiber, and the output port of the fourth coupler is respectively connected with the first single photon detector and the second single photon detector.
Preferably, the multi-wavelength pulse generating device generates an optical pulse with a wavelength λm1, and the optical pulse enters a variable optical attenuator to be attenuated to obtain an optical pulse reaching a single photon level, and the optical pulse enters a first coupler to be coupled and split, so that the optical pulse is 50:50, outputting two light pulses of a first light pulse and a second light pulse in proportion, wherein the first light pulse enters a first phase modulator through a long-arm optical fiber to be subjected to phase modulation treatment and then is input to a second coupler; the second optical pulse is input to the second coupler through the short-arm optical fiber, and the first optical pulse and the second optical pulse are combined in the second coupler to form a first coupled optical pulse and then transmitted to an access user end of the local access network through an access interconnection device of the public optical fiber.
Preferably, after the third coupler in the access user side performs coupling beam splitting processing on the input first coupled light pulse, the first coupled light pulse is processed at 50:50, the third optical pulse enters the second phase modulator through the long-arm optical fiber to be subjected to phase modulation treatment and then is input into the fourth coupler, the fourth optical pulse is input into the fourth coupler through the short-arm optical fiber, and the third optical pulse and the fourth optical pulse are coupled in the fourth coupler, split and output and respectively enter the first single photon detector and the second single photon detector to respond.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:
1. the control end user of the utility model is respectively connected to the local access network annular loop and the local area backbone loop through the public monitoring channel and the public optical fiber, and monitors for link monitoring are arranged in the two annular loops, so that the safety state of the links is monitored in real time, namely, the monitors can timely discover the faults of the QKD metropolitan area network, and the QKD metropolitan area network has fault handling capability.
2. The utility model adopts the access interconnection device as the backbone node at one end of the local access network, so that a new user can join the local access network at any time and can drop the required wavelength channels, and meanwhile, the transmission of other channels is not influenced, i.e. the utility model has better user expansibility.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a local access network according to the present utility model
FIG. 2 is a unitary frame diagram of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a key distribution device of a control end user according to the present utility model;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a quantum key distribution device of the present utility model for accessing a user terminal.
Detailed Description
The present utility model will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples, for the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent, but the scope of the present utility model is not limited to the following specific examples.
As shown in FIGS. 1-4, the system comprises a control end user, m access interconnection devices, m monitors and m local access networks, wherein m is more than or equal to 1;
the control end user is sequentially connected with a local access network 1, a monitor 1, a local access network 2, a monitor 2 … … local access network m and a monitor m in m local access networks through a common monitoring channel to form a local access network annular loop;
the access interconnection device 1, the monitor 1, the access interconnection device 2, the monitor 2 and the monitor … … in the m access interconnection devices are connected in sequence through a public optical fiber to form a domain backbone network loop;
the control end user is accessed to the domain backbone network loop through a public optical fiber; the m access interconnection devices are correspondingly connected with m local access networks through special optical fibers;
the control end user comprises a monitoring feedback device, a wavelength distribution device and a key distribution device which are connected in sequence;
the monitoring feedback device is used for receiving the information of the public optical fiber links fed back by the m monitors and sending the information to the wavelength distribution device and each local access network;
the wavelength distribution device is used for distributing the wavelength lambda m1 and transmitting the wavelength lambda m1 to the key distribution device;
the key distribution device is used for generating optical pulses according to the wavelength lambda m1 and transmitting the optical pulses to a local access network through an access interconnection device of a public optical fiber, namely, the key distribution device is used as a quantum key distributor of the control end user and can carry out quantum key distribution and communication with each access user end;
the key distribution device comprises a multi-wavelength pulse generation device, a variable optical attenuator, a first coupler, a first phase modulator and a second coupler; the multi-wavelength pulse generating device, the variable optical attenuator and the first coupler are sequentially connected, a first output port of the first coupler is connected with the first phase modulator through a long-arm optical fiber and then connected with the second coupler, and a second output port of the first coupler is connected with the second coupler through a short-arm optical fiber.
The access interconnection device is used for connecting a control end user and a local access network as backbone nodes;
the local access network is used for receiving the optical pulse and detecting and responding to the received optical pulse.
As shown in fig. 1, the m local access networks include m access clients and m optical tapping devices; wherein the m access clients comprise corresponding m quantum key distribution devices, wherein the m access clientsThe m access user terminals are respectively and correspondingly connected with the m optical tapping devices; the optical tapping device sequentially steps down lambda for each access user terminal mi (i=1, 2,3 … n), any two adjacent local access networks are connected by respective optical tapping means.
As shown in fig. 4, the quantum key distribution device in the access user terminal includes a third coupler, a second phase modulator, a fourth coupler, a first single photon detector and a second single photon detector;
the third coupler is connected with the second phase modulator through the long-arm optical fiber and then is connected with the input port of the fourth coupler, the third coupler is also connected with the input port of the fourth coupler through the short-arm optical fiber, and the output port of the fourth coupler is respectively connected with the first single photon detector and the second single photon detector.
The principle and process of the QKD metropolitan area network system based on the bus type multi-user structure in this embodiment are as follows:
an access user terminal A of any local access network sends a communication application and a communication wavelength lambda to a control terminal user m1 ；
The monitoring feedback device of the control end user acquires the information of the public optical fiber link fed back by the monitor and combines the received communication application and the communication wavelength lambda m1 Wavelength lambda is generated by a wavelength distribution device of a control end user m1 And the wavelength lambda is set m1 Transmitting to the key distribution device;
the multi-wavelength pulse generating device in the key distribution device generates a pulse with a wavelength lambda m1 The optical pulse of the single photon level is obtained by the attenuation treatment in the variable optical attenuator, and the optical pulse of the single photon level is coupled and split after entering the first coupler, and the optical pulse of the single photon level is used for 50:50, outputting two light pulses of a first light pulse and a second light pulse in proportion, wherein the first light pulse enters a first phase modulator through a long-arm optical fiber to be subjected to phase modulation treatment and then is input to a second coupler; the second light pulse is input to the second coupler through the short-arm optical fiber, and the first light pulse and the second light pulse are combined in the second coupler to formThe first coupled light pulse is transmitted to an access user side of the local access network through an access interconnection device of the public optical fiber;
after the third coupler in the access user side performs coupling beam splitting processing on the input first coupling light pulse, the first coupling light pulse is divided into 50:50, the third optical pulse enters a second phase modulator through a long-arm optical fiber to be subjected to phase modulation treatment and then is input into a fourth coupler, the fourth optical pulse is input into the fourth coupler through a short-arm optical fiber, and the third optical pulse and the fourth optical pulse are coupled in the fourth coupler, split and then output and respectively enter a first single photon detector and a second single photon detector to respond;
specifically, the optical pulse output from the control end user is divided into four cases after accessing the user end, wherein:
the first case is that the light pulse passes through the control end user and the long arm optical fiber connected to the user end respectively;
the second condition is that the light pulse sequentially passes through the long-arm optical fiber of the control end user and the short-arm optical fiber of the access user end;
the third condition is that the light pulse sequentially passes through the short-arm optical fiber of the control end user and the long-arm optical fiber of the access user end;
the fourth condition is that the light pulse passes through the control end user and the short arm optical fiber connected with the user end respectively;
since the optical pulses passing through the long-arm optical fiber and the short-arm optical fiber have different optical fiber lengths, there is a time difference when the two optical pulses enter the fourth coupler, and only the optical pulses of the second case and the third case can reach the fourth coupler at the same time, and after interference is generated in the fourth coupler and output, the optical pulses are detected and responded at the first detector and the second detector.
The utility model adopts the access interconnection device as the backbone node at one end of the local access network, so that a new user can join the local access network at any time and can drop the required wavelength channels, and meanwhile, the transmission of other channels is not influenced, i.e. the utility model has better user expansibility.
Variations and modifications to the above would be obvious to persons skilled in the art to which the utility model pertains from the foregoing description and teachings. Therefore, the utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, but some modifications and changes of the utility model should be also included in the scope of the claims of the utility model. In addition, although specific terms are used in the present specification, these terms are for convenience of description only and do not constitute any limitation on the utility model.
Claims (6)
1. A multi-user QKD metropolitan area network bus type structure system is characterized in that the system comprises a control end user, m access interconnection devices, m monitors and m local access networks, wherein m is more than or equal to 1;
the control end user is sequentially connected with a local access network 1, a monitor 1, a local access network 2, a monitor 2 … … local access network m and a monitor m in m local access networks through a common monitoring channel to form a local access network annular loop;
the access interconnection device 1, the monitor 1, the access interconnection device 2, the monitor 2 and the monitor … … in the m access interconnection devices are connected in sequence through a public optical fiber to form a domain backbone network loop;
the control end user is accessed to the domain backbone network loop through a public optical fiber; the m access interconnection devices are correspondingly connected with m local access networks through special optical fibers;
the control end user comprises a monitoring feedback device, a wavelength distribution device and a key distribution device which are connected in sequence;
the monitoring feedback device is used for receiving the information of the public optical fiber links fed back by the m monitors and sending the information to the wavelength distribution device and each local access network;
the wavelength distribution device is used for distributing the wavelength lambda m1 and transmitting the wavelength lambda m1 to the key distribution device;
the key distribution device is used for generating optical pulses according to the wavelength lambda m1 and transmitting the optical pulses to the local access network through the access interconnection device of the public optical fiber;
the access interconnection device is used for connecting a control end user and a local access network as backbone nodes;
the local access network is used for receiving the optical pulse and detecting and responding to the received optical pulse.
2. The multi-user QKD metropolitan area network bus structured system as set forth in claim 1 wherein said key distribution means includes multi-wavelength pulse generation means, variable optical attenuators, first couplers, first phase modulators, and second couplers; the multi-wavelength pulse generating device, the variable optical attenuator and the first coupler are sequentially connected, a first output port of the first coupler is connected with the first phase modulator through a long-arm optical fiber and then connected with the second coupler, and a second output port of the first coupler is connected with the second coupler through a short-arm optical fiber.
3. The multi-user QKD metropolitan area network bus structured system as defined in claim 2 wherein m of said local access networks include m access clients and m optical splitters connected to each other; any two adjacent local access networks are connected through respective optical tapping devices.
4. The multi-user QKD metropolitan area network bus structure system of claim 3 wherein said access client includes a third coupler, a second phase modulator, a fourth coupler, a first single-photon detector, and a second single-photon detector;
the third coupler is connected with the second phase modulator through the long-arm optical fiber and then is connected with the input port of the fourth coupler, the third coupler is also connected with the input port of the fourth coupler through the short-arm optical fiber, and the output port of the fourth coupler is respectively connected with the first single photon detector and the second single photon detector.
5. The multi-user QKD metropolitan area network bus-type structure of claim 4 wherein said multi-wavelength pulse generator generates optical pulses having a wavelength of λm1 that are attenuated by a variable optical attenuator to obtain optical pulses having a single photon level, said optical pulses are coupled to a first coupler for splitting at 50:50, outputting two light pulses of a first light pulse and a second light pulse in proportion, wherein the first light pulse enters a first phase modulator through a long-arm optical fiber to be subjected to phase modulation treatment and then is input to a second coupler; the second optical pulse is input to the second coupler through the short-arm optical fiber, and the first optical pulse and the second optical pulse are combined in the second coupler to form a first coupled optical pulse and then transmitted to an access user end of the local access network through an access interconnection device of the public optical fiber.
6. The multi-user QKD metropolitan area network bus structure of claim 5 wherein the third coupler in the access client performs a coupling splitting process on the incoming first coupled optical pulses at 50:50, the third optical pulse enters the second phase modulator through the long-arm optical fiber to be subjected to phase modulation treatment and then is input into the fourth coupler, the fourth optical pulse is input into the fourth coupler through the short-arm optical fiber, and the third optical pulse and the fourth optical pulse are coupled in the fourth coupler, split and output and respectively enter the first single photon detector and the second single photon detector to respond.
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