CN220538085U

CN220538085U - Three-dimensional woven preform structure with low fiber volume content

Info

Publication number: CN220538085U
Application number: CN202321539504.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘念
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2023-06-15
Filing date: 2023-06-15
Publication date: 2024-02-27
Anticipated expiration: 2033-06-15

Abstract

The utility model provides a three-dimensional braiding preform structure with low fiber volume content, which is formed by three-dimensionally braiding primary three-dimensional braiding beams with fiber volume content of 20-35%, wherein the primary three-dimensional braiding beams are formed by three-dimensionally braiding fibers and have fiber volume content of 40-60%. The utility model adopts the three-dimensional braided bundles with the same thickness to replace fiber bundles composed of monofilaments, so that the size and the distribution of gaps in the preform are more uniform, the compactness of the subsequent curing process is facilitated, the porosity is reduced, and certain structural and physical and chemical performance indexes are improved.

Description

Three-dimensional woven preform structure with low fiber volume content

Technical Field

The present utility model relates to a three-dimensional woven preform structure with low fiber volume content.

Background

In braiding artificial bone, carbon ceramic, tao Tao preforms, it is often desirable to achieve the technical requirement of lower fiber volume content, which has the major benefit of better material uniformity, ease of matrix infiltration or deposition, lower porosity, more pronounced certain physical properties of the corresponding composite, etc., such as a more common fiber volume content of 25% -35%, which is already above the lower 40% of the fiber volume content of a normal three-dimensional braided preform.

In general, the three-dimensional braiding preform is a spatial three-dimensional structure formed by braiding spinnable fibers (such as high-performance fibers of carbon, glass, aramid fibers, quartz, super-strong polyethylene, alumina, silicon carbide, silicon nitride and the like, and artificial or natural fibers with better biocompatibility such as polylactic acid, silk and the like) through spindle running along a track set on a three-dimensional braiding platform, and driving yarns to interweave with each other along a plurality of directions in space. The three-dimensional braiding process is a near net shape braiding process, i.e., the outer dimensions of the braided preform are very close to the final composite article, so that after curing, no further machining of the article surface is necessary to protect the fiber structure from damage and additional machining costs are added. In order to form and maintain the shape of the preform, the yarn carrier on the spindle always maintains a certain fiber tension during the weaving process, all the fibers are bound together by the tension to form the designed shape, the difference of the weaving tension and the three-dimensional weaving structure (such as three-dimensional four-way, five-way, multi-way and the like) affect the fiber volume content of the preform to a certain extent, for example, the fiber volume content of the preform in a typical three-dimensional weaving structure is generally more than 40 percent and is between 40 and 60 percent, and if the three-dimensional weaving structure is used as a structural material, for lighter and stronger targets, higher-performance fibers and higher-volume fibers are generally selected, because the mechanical properties of the three-dimensional weaving composite material are mainly determined by a plurality of main indexes such as weaving angle, fiber/matrix properties, fiber volume content and the like according to corresponding theory, and the higher-volume fiber content just meets the requirements of the aspect. Although higher fiber volume contents are not easily achievable, fiber volume contents below 40% also result in difficult formation due to the lack of necessary mutual restraint and support between the fiber bundles involved in the braiding at this time, such preforms, even if they can be made, can also result in localized packing or loosening of the fibers during the subsequent curing and forming process due to unstable fiber structure, affecting the performance of the article.

Through research analysis, how much of the voids between the fiber bundles are in intimate contact with each other, are in contact with and supported by each other in the preform and how much of the fiber content of the fiber bundles themselves is critical to influencing the overall fiber volume content, in other words, the overall volume is composed of the volume of all the fiber filaments, the voids between the fiber bundles and the voids between the individual filaments in the fiber bundles, which provides a direction for further reducing the fiber volume content, i.e., expanding the voids between the fiber bundles and the voids between the individual filaments in the fiber bundles, but as previously mentioned, all lose the constraining and supporting effects of the fiber bundles with respect to each other or otherwise cannot be achieved due to the existence of fiber braiding tension.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present utility model is to provide a three-dimensional woven preform structure of low fiber volume content which, while reducing the fiber volume content, is capable of maintaining sufficient restraining and supporting actions of the fiber bundles with respect to each other.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:

a three-dimensional woven preform structure of low fiber volume content, characterized by: the three-dimensional woven preform is three-dimensionally woven from primary three-dimensional woven strands which are three-dimensionally woven from fiber strands and have a fiber volume content of 20 to 35%.

The three-dimensional woven preform structure with low fiber volume content, wherein: the three-dimensional woven preform is also composited with a matrix material.

The three-dimensional woven preform structure with low fiber volume content, wherein: the matrix material is resin, metal, carbon or ceramic.

The three-dimensional woven preform structure with low fiber volume content, wherein: the three-dimensional woven preform is an artificial bone having a body portion and enlarged end portions at both ends of the body portion.

The three-dimensional woven preform structure with low fiber volume content, wherein: the three-dimensional woven preform is a nozzle having a thin mouth portion at a central portion and flared portions at both ends.

The three-dimensional woven preform structure with low fiber volume content, wherein: the three-dimensional woven preform is a laryngeal mask having a thin mouth portion at the middle and flared portions at both ends.

The three-dimensional woven preform structure with low fiber volume content, wherein: the three-dimensional braided preform is a crucible or a thermal field device.

The preparation method of the low-fiber-volume-content preform by adopting the process has the advantages that:

1. by reducing the volume content of the fiber, the preparation of the corresponding composite material for artificial bones, which requires chemical deposition processes such as gas phase, liquid phase and the like in practical application is possible;

2. because the three-dimensional braided bundles with the same thickness are used for replacing fiber bundles composed of monofilaments, the size and the distribution of gaps in the preform are more uniform, the compactness of a subsequent curing process is facilitated, the porosity is reduced, and certain structural and physical and chemical performance indexes are improved;

3. in the subsequent structural application, the use effect is more remarkable, for example, for an artificial bone (as shown in fig. 4), the compatibility of the bone tissue made of the three-dimensional braided bundles is better, the new tissue is more easily attached to the bone tissue and can replace a part of matrix tissue of the pore part to generate tissues such as blood vessels, nerves and the like, the lower fiber volume content in the bone tissue can reduce the mechanical property of the artificial bone and is more similar to the real human bone tissue, and the shielding effect generated by the artificial bone tissue with higher performance is avoided. For carbon, carbon ceramic, tao Tao and the like, the fiber bundles in the preform can be finer and match with a better matrix deposition effect, so that the porosity is reduced, and the ablation resistance, thermal shock resistance and other performances of the material are also greatly improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fiber.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a primary three-dimensional braid.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a two-stage three-dimensional woven preform.

Fig. 4, 5 and 6 are schematic structural views of an artificial bone, a jet tube and a laryngeal mask manufactured by the method of the present utility model.

Detailed Description

The method adopts the solution method that the fiber proportion in the fiber bundles is reduced, the void content in the fiber bundles is increased, namely, a plurality of finer fibers (shown in figure 1) are selected to be subjected to three-dimensional weaving to form a primary three-dimensional weaving bundle (shown in figure 2), the fiber volume content in the primary three-dimensional weaving bundle is reduced to 40% -60% of the common three-dimensional weaving preform (compared with the fiber volume content of yarns directly bundled by fiber monofilaments is about 80% -87%), then the primary three-dimensional weaving bundle is adopted to be subjected to three-dimensional weaving again to form a secondary three-dimensional weaving preform (shown in figure 3), the fiber volume content of the secondary three-dimensional weaving preform is correspondingly reduced, and the fiber volume content of the secondary three-dimensional weaving preform can be reduced to any value between 20% -35% through reasonable weaving process design so as to meet the application requirements.

In order to improve the ablation resistance and high temperature resistance of materials such as a jet pipe (fig. 5) and a throat liner (fig. 6) of a rocket, carbon fibers, silicon carbide fibers and the like with smaller k numbers (also called small tows) are generally selected, and a general customized three-dimensional braiding machine has an upper limit of total yarn carrying quantity, so that the size of a preformed body capable of forming and the size of a structural member formed after solidification are relatively smaller, the requirements of some larger preformed bodies and products cannot be met, at this time, a larger three-dimensional braiding machine capable of carrying more yarns is required to be further selected, further problems are caused for technology, design, manufacturing, cost, period and braiding, such as the existing structural member is required to be braided by 800 carbon fibers with 3k, with the progress of technology, the three-dimensional automatic braiding machine capable of carrying such a plurality of yarns is difficult to design and manufacture, if a plurality of small platforms are adopted for combination, but efficiency and cost can become huge problems through semi-manual operation.

By adopting the method provided by the utility model, only 20 fibers of 3k are woven into the beam-shaped preform, and then the corresponding three-dimensional weaving is carried out by using the weaving beams, so that the weaving of 16000 fibers of 3k can be realized, the volume content of the fibers is lower, and the method is more beneficial to the subsequent gas phase/liquid phase deposition process forming.

The method provided by the utility model can also be used for manufacturing a crucible or a thermal field device (such as production equipment for preparing a single crystal silicon rod).

Claims

1. A three-dimensional woven preform structure of low fiber volume content, characterized by: the three-dimensional woven preform is three-dimensionally woven from primary three-dimensional woven strands which are three-dimensionally woven from fiber strands and have a fiber volume content of 20 to 35%.

2. The low fiber volume content three-dimensional woven preform structure of claim 1, wherein: the three-dimensional woven preform is an artificial bone having a body portion and enlarged end portions at both ends of the body portion.

3. The low fiber volume content three-dimensional woven preform structure of claim 1, wherein: the three-dimensional woven preform is a nozzle having a thin mouth portion at a central portion and flared portions at both ends.

4. The low fiber volume content three-dimensional woven preform structure of claim 1, wherein: the three-dimensional woven preform is a laryngeal mask having a thin mouth portion at the middle and flared portions at both ends.

5. The low fiber volume content three-dimensional woven preform structure of claim 1, wherein: the three-dimensional braided preform is a crucible or a thermal field device.