CN220527038U - Battery monomer, battery, power utilization device and energy storage device - Google Patents

Battery monomer, battery, power utilization device and energy storage device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN220527038U
CN220527038U CN202321602756.4U CN202321602756U CN220527038U CN 220527038 U CN220527038 U CN 220527038U CN 202321602756 U CN202321602756 U CN 202321602756U CN 220527038 U CN220527038 U CN 220527038U
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wall
battery cell
battery
electrode assembly
equal
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CN202321602756.4U
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金海族
刘贺洋
刘江
杨丽美
杨瑞
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a battery monomer, a battery, an electricity utilization device and an energy storage device. The battery cell includes a housing having a rectangular parallelepiped shape and at least one electrode assembly accommodated in the housing, the housing having a dimension W in a first direction 1 The dimension of the housing in the second direction is T 1 The dimension of the housing in the third direction is H 1 The first direction, the second direction and the third direction are mutually perpendicular; the housing includes a first wall and a second wall disposed opposite each other in a first direction, a third wall and a fourth wall disposed opposite each other in a second direction, a fifth wall and a sixth wall disposed opposite each other in the third direction, a sum of thicknesses of the first wall and the second wall being a, b, c, (W) 1 ‑a)*(T 1 ‑b)*(H 1 ‑c)/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 ) More than or equal to 90 percent. In this way, the volumetric energy density of the cell can be increased under the same chemical material system.

Description

Battery monomer, battery, power utilization device and energy storage device
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery monomer, a battery, an electricity utilization device and an energy storage device.
Background
With the development of new energy technology, the battery is increasingly widely applied, for example, to mobile phones, notebook computers, battery cars, electric automobiles, energy storage devices, electric airplanes, electric ships, electric toy automobiles, electric toy ships, electric toy airplanes, electric tools and the like.
In the development of battery technology, how to increase the volumetric energy density of a battery cell is a problem to be solved in battery technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a battery monomer, battery, power utilization device and energy storage device, can effectively improve the volumetric energy density of battery monomer.
In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a battery cell, including: the outer shell of the shell is provided with a plurality of grooves,the housing has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the dimension of the housing in the first direction is W 1 The dimension of the shell in the second direction is T 1 The dimension of the shell in the third direction is H 1 The first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other; at least one electrode assembly housed within the housing; the housing comprises a first wall and a second wall which are oppositely arranged along the first direction, a third wall and a fourth wall which are oppositely arranged along the second direction, and a fifth wall and a sixth wall which are oppositely arranged along the third direction, wherein the sum of the thicknesses of the first wall and the second wall is a, the sum of the thicknesses of the third wall and the fourth wall is b, and the sum of the thicknesses of the fifth wall and the sixth wall is c, so that the following conditions are satisfied: (W1-a): (T1-b): (H1-c)/(W) 1 *T 1 *H 1 )≥90％。
In the technical scheme, the ratio of the volume of the shell of the battery monomer to the volume of the shell is set to be more than 90%, so that the inner space of the shell is enlarged, a larger electrode assembly and more electrolyte can be contained in the shell, and the volume energy density of the battery monomer can be improved under the same chemical material system.
In some embodiments, (W) 1 -a)/W 1 ≥97.0％，(T 1 -b)/T 1 More than or equal to 96.5 percent, and (H) 1 -c)/H 1 More than or equal to 96.5 percent. In this way, the size ratio of the inner space of the shell in three directions can be increased, and the volume energy density of the battery cell can be further increased.
In some embodiments, the housing includes the first wall, the second wall, the third wall, the fourth wall, and the fifth wall integrally formed, and the end cap is the sixth wall.
In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes a first insulator disposed between the fifth wall and the electrode assembly and abutting the fifth wall, and a second insulator; the second insulator is arranged between the sixth wall and the electrode assembly and is abutted against the sixth wall; the first insulating part is arranged on the third partyMaximum dimension in upward direction d 1 The second insulating member has a maximum dimension d in the third direction 2 The method comprises the following steps: (W) 1 -a-1.6mm)*(T 1 -b-1.6mm)*(H 1 -c-d 1 -d 2 )/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 )≥88％，0.3mm≤d 1 Less than or equal to 1.2mm, and less than or equal to 2mm d 2 Less than or equal to 10mm. This allows the space left for the electrode assembly inside the case to be increased, allowing the electrode assembly to be placed in a larger volume, so that the volumetric energy density of the battery cell is further improved.
In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes a first insulator disposed between the fifth wall and the electrode assembly and abutting the fifth wall, and a second insulator; the second insulator is arranged between the sixth wall and the electrode assembly and is abutted against the sixth wall; the maximum dimension of the first insulating member in the third direction is d 1 The second insulating member has a maximum dimension d in the third direction 2 The method comprises the following steps: (W) 1 -a-4mm)*(T 1 -b-4mm)*(H 1 -c-d 1 -d 2 )/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 )≥85％，0.3mm≤d 1 Less than or equal to 1.2mm, and less than or equal to 2mm d 2 ≤10mm。
In some embodiments, the housing includes a shell having two openings oppositely disposed along the third direction, and two end caps respectively covering the openings of the corresponding sides; the shell comprises a first wall, a second wall, a third wall and a fourth wall which are integrally formed, and the two end covers are the fifth wall and the sixth wall respectively.
In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes a third insulator disposed between and in abutment with the fifth wall and the electrode assembly, and a fourth insulator; the fourth insulator is arranged between the sixth wall and the electrode assembly and is abutted against the sixth wall; the maximum dimension of the third insulating member in the third direction is d 3 The fourth insulating memberA maximum dimension d in the third direction 4 The method comprises the following steps: (W) 1 -a-1.6mm)*(T 1 -b-1.6mm)*(H 1 -c-d 3 -d 4 )/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 )≥88％，2mm≤d 3 Less than or equal to 10mm, and less than or equal to 2mm and less than or equal to d 4 ≤10mm。
In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes a third insulator disposed between and in abutment with the fifth wall and the electrode assembly, and a fourth insulator; the fourth insulator is arranged between the sixth wall and the electrode assembly and is abutted against the sixth wall; the maximum dimension of the third insulating member in the third direction is d 3 The maximum dimension of the fourth insulating member in the third direction is d 4 The method comprises the following steps: (W) 1 -a-4mm)*(T 1 -b-4mm)*(H 1 -c-d 3 -d 4 )/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 )≥85％，2mm≤D 3 Less than or equal to 10mm and less than or equal to 2mm and less than or equal to D 4 ≤10mm。
In some embodiments, 3000cm 3 ≤W 1 *T 1 *H 1 ≤40000cm 3 . Therefore, on one hand, when the ratio of the volume of the shell to the volume of the shell is more than 90%, the wall thickness of the shell is not too small, so that the requirements on the structural strength and the rigidity of the shell can be met; on the other hand, the capacity and the current of the battery monomer can be controlled in a proper range, the heating value of the battery monomer is reduced, and the risk of damage to components in a circuit is reduced.
In some embodiments, 3200cm 3 ≤W 1 *T 1 *H 1 ≤32000cm 3 。
In some embodiments, 3720cm 3 ≤W 1 *T 1 *H 1 ≤12500cm 3 。
In some embodiments 4000cm 3 ≤W 1 *T 1 *H 1 ≤6000cm 3 。
In some embodiments, the electrode assembly includes a body in the form of a tab extending from the bodyA flat body having a maximum dimension W in the first direction 2 The maximum dimension of the main body in the second direction is T 2 The maximum dimension of the main body in the third direction is H 2 The method comprises the following steps: (W) 2 *T 2 *H 2 )/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 ) More than or equal to 80 percent. Thus, the electrode assembly can fully utilize the inner space of the shell, the large volume of the shell can not occur, the small volume of the electrode assembly improves the volume energy density of the battery cell, and the movement of the electrode assembly in the shell is reduced.
In some embodiments, W 2 /(W 1 -a)≥91.5％，T 2 /(T 1 -b) is greater than or equal to 93.2%, and H 2 /(H 1 -c)≥94.0％。
In some embodiments, the electrode assembly is a coiled structure, the body includes a flat region, a first inflection region, and a second inflection region, the first inflection region and the second inflection region being located at opposite ends of the flat region, respectively, along the first direction; the first bending region comprises a plurality of first bending parts which are arranged in a stacked manner, and the distance between the inner side vertex of the first bending part of the innermost layer and the outer side vertex of the first bending part of the outermost layer in the plurality of first bending parts is W along the first direction 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The second bending region comprises a plurality of second bending parts which are arranged in a stacked manner, and the distance between the inner side vertex of the second bending part of the innermost layer and the outer side vertex of the second bending part of the outermost layer in the plurality of second bending parts is W along the first direction 4 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The method meets the following conditions: (W) 3 +W 4 )/W 2 Less than or equal to 30 percent. Thus, the proportion of the first bending region and the second bending region in the first direction is reduced, the proportion of the flat region in the first direction is increased, so that the volume proportion of the gap between the bending region and the inner surface of the shell is reduced, the effective utilization rate of the inner space of the shell is improved, and the volume energy density of the battery unit is improved.
In some embodiments, the materials of the first wall, the second wall, the third wall, the fourth wall, the fifth wall and the sixth wall all comprise aluminum alloys, wherein the aluminum alloys comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 96.7% or more of aluminum, 0.05% or less of copper or less of 0.2% or less of iron or less of 0.7% or less of manganese or less of 1.5% or less of silicon or less of 0.6% or less of zinc or less of 0.1% or less of other single element components or less of 0.05% or less of other element total components or less of 0.15% or less. Thus, the aluminum alloy with higher strength can be obtained, the aluminum alloy is adopted as the material of the shell, the impact resistance of the shell can be obviously improved, and the reliability of the battery cell can be improved
In some embodiments, the housing comprises a shell having an opening and an end cap covering the opening, the end cap being welded to the shell; the shell comprises the first wall, the second wall, the third wall, the fourth wall and the fifth wall which are integrally formed, and the end cover is the sixth wall; the thickness of the first wall and the second wall is a 1 The thickness of the third wall and the fourth wall is b 1 The thickness of the fifth wall is c 1 The thickness of the sixth wall is c 2 The method comprises the following steps: c 2 ＞c 1 ，c 1 ＞a 1 ，c 1 ＞b 1 。
In some embodiments, 0.5 mm.ltoreq.a 1 ≤1.5mm，0.5≤b 1 ≤1.5mm，1.0mm≤c 1 ≤2.5mm，1.5mm≤c 2 ≤4mm。
In some embodiments, the battery cell includes an electrode terminal disposed at the end cap or the fifth wall, the electrode terminal being electrically connected with the electrode assembly.
In some embodiments, (W) 1 -2*a 1 )*(T 1 -2*b 1 )*(H 1 -c 1 -c 2 )/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 )≥95％。
In some embodiments, the housing includes a shell having two openings disposed opposite each other in the third direction, and two end caps respectively covering the openings on the corresponding sides, the end caps being welded to the shell; the shell comprises the first wall and the first wall which are integrally formed Two walls, the third wall and the fourth wall, the two end caps being the fifth wall and the sixth wall, respectively; the thickness of the first wall and the second wall is a 1 The thickness of the third wall and the fourth wall is b 1 The thickness of the fifth wall is c 1 The thickness of the sixth wall is c 2 The method comprises the following steps: c 2 ＝c 1 ，c 1 ＞a 1 ，c 1 ＞b 1 。
In some embodiments, 0.5 mm.ltoreq.a 1 ≤1.5mm，0.5≤b 1 ≤1.5mm，1.5mm≤c 2 ≤4mm。
In some embodiments, the battery cell includes an electrode terminal disposed at the end cap, the electrode terminal being electrically connected with the electrode assembly.
In some embodiments, (W) 1 -2*a 1 )*(T 1 -2*b 1 )*(H 1 -2*c 1 )/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 )≥95％。
In some embodiments, T 1 ＜W 1 ，T 1 ＜H 1 ，2≤W 1 /T 1 ≤10，2≤H 1 /T 1 ≤10，0.7≤W 1 /H 1 ≤1.6。
In some embodiments, 40 mm.ltoreq.T 1 ≤150mm。
In some embodiments, the third direction is parallel to the gravitational direction, and the battery cell comprises electrolyte, 120 mm.ltoreq.H 1 ≤400mm。
In some embodiments, 150 mm.ltoreq.W 1 ≤1500mm。
In some embodiments, the positive electrode material of the battery cell comprises a lithium-containing phosphate, the battery cell having a capacity C that satisfies: c is not less than 350Ah, C/((W) 1 -a)*(T 1 -b)*(H 1 -c))≥118Ah/L。
In some embodiments, the positive electrode material of the battery cell comprises a lithium transition metal oxide, and the battery cell has a capacity of C that satisfies: c is greater than or equal to 650Ah, C/((W) 1 -a)*(T 1 -b)*(H 1 -c))≥190Ah/L。
In some embodiments, the battery cell is a sodium ion battery, the capacity of the battery cell is C, satisfying: c is greater than or equal to 260Ah, C/((W) 1 -a)*(T 1 -b)*(H 1 -c))≥87Ah/L。
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a battery, including a battery box and a battery unit provided in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, where the battery unit is accommodated in the battery box.
In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application provide an electrical device, including a battery provided in any one of the embodiments of the second aspect.
In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide an energy storage device, including an energy storage box and a plurality of battery cells provided by any one embodiment of the first aspect, the energy storage box includes a battery compartment, and a plurality of battery cells are accommodated in the battery compartment.
In some embodiments, the battery cell includes an electrode terminal disposed on the housing, the sum of volumes of the housings of the plurality of battery cells being V 1 The volume of the battery compartment is V 2 The method comprises the following steps: v is more than or equal to 0.5 1 /V 2 Less than or equal to 0.95. In this way, the space utilization of the energy storage device can be improved, more battery cells are arranged in the battery compartment of the energy storage box body, namely more energy supply structures are arranged in the unit space, so that the energy density can be improved, and the capacity can be improved without enlarging the occupied space.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered limiting the scope, and that other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a battery provided in some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an internal structure of the energy storage device shown in FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is an exploded view of the battery cell shown in fig. 5;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional exploded view of the battery cell shown in FIG. 5 taken along the XZ plane;
fig. 8 is a cross-sectional exploded view of the battery cell shown in fig. 5, taken along the YZ plane;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a battery cell according to other embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 10 is an exploded view of the battery cell shown in fig. 9.
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional exploded view of the battery cell shown in FIG. 10 taken along the XZ plane;
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional exploded view of the battery cell shown in FIG. 10 taken along the YZ plane;
fig. 13 is a front view of the electrode assembly shown in fig. 6;
fig. 14 is a side view of the electrode assembly shown in fig. 6;
fig. 15 is a top view of the electrode assembly shown in fig. 6;
fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the electrode assembly shown in fig. 6;
FIG. 17 is an exploded view of a battery cell according to further embodiments of the present application;
Fig. 18 is a front view of the electrode assembly shown in fig. 17;
fig. 19 is a side view of the electrode assembly shown in fig. 17.
Icon: 1-a housing; 11-a housing; 12-end caps; 101-a first wall; 102-a second wall; 103-a third wall; 104-fourth wall, 105-fifth wall; 106-sixth wall; 121-a positive electrode terminal; 122-a negative electrode terminal; 141-a first insulating member; 142-a second insulator; 143-a third insulator; 144-fourth insulation member; a 2-electrode assembly; 21-a body; 22-positive electrode lugs; 23-negative electrode ear; 24-positive plate; 25-a negative plate; 26-a separator; 10-battery cell; 20-a battery box; 201-a first part; 202-a second part; 100-cell; 200-a controller; 300-motor; 400-an energy storage box body; 401-battery compartment; 402-an electrical bin; 403-upright posts; 404-battery carrier; 1000-vehicle; 2000-energy storage device; a-a flat region; b1-a first bending region; b2-a second inflection region; x-a first direction; y-a second direction; z-third direction.
Detailed Description
For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used in the description of the application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application; the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the description and claims of the present application and in the description of the figures above are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims or in the above-described figures, are used for distinguishing between different objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.
Reference in the specification to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
In the embodiments of the present application, the same reference numerals denote the same components, and in the interest of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. The term "plurality" as used herein refers to more than two (including two).
In the present application, the battery cell may include a lithium ion secondary battery, a lithium ion primary battery, a lithium sulfur battery, a sodium lithium ion battery, a sodium ion battery, a magnesium ion battery, or the like, which is not limited by the embodiment of the present application.
Reference to a battery in embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module that includes one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity. For example, the battery referred to in the present application may include a battery module or a battery pack, or the like. The battery generally includes a battery case for enclosing one or more battery cells. The battery box body can avoid that liquid or other foreign matters influence the charging or discharging of the battery monomers.
The battery cell includes a case, an electrode assembly, and an electrolyte, the case being configured to house the electrode assembly and the electrolyte. The electrode assembly consists of a positive plate, a negative plate and a separation film. The battery cell mainly relies on metal ions to move between the positive and negative electrode plates to operate. The positive plate comprises a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, wherein the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector, the positive electrode current collector without the positive electrode active material layer protrudes out of the positive electrode current collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer, and the positive electrode current collector without the positive electrode active material layer is used as a positive electrode lug. Taking a lithium ion battery as an example, the material of the positive electrode current collector may be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material may be lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium, lithium manganate or the like. The negative electrode sheet comprises a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, wherein the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector, the negative electrode current collector without the negative electrode active material layer protrudes out of the negative electrode current collector coated with the negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode current collector without the negative electrode active material layer is used as a negative electrode lug. The material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon, silicon, or the like. In order to ensure that the high current is passed without fusing, the number of positive tabs is plural and stacked together, and the number of negative tabs is plural and stacked together. The material of the separator may be PP (polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene). In addition, the electrode assembly may be a wound structure or a lamination structure, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
The battery cell may further include an electrode terminal disposed on the case, the electrode terminal being electrically connected with the tab of the electrode assembly to output electric energy of the battery cell. The electrode terminal and the tab may be directly connected, for example, the electrode terminal and the tab may be directly welded. The electrode terminal and the tab may be indirectly connected, for example, by a current collecting member. The current collecting member may be a metal conductor such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, or the like.
The development of battery technology is to consider various design factors, such as safety, cycle life, discharge capacity, and charge-discharge rate. In addition, the volumetric energy density is also an important parameter for evaluating the performance of the battery.
In the battery cell, in order to improve safety, the risk of the casing breaking when the battery cell is subjected to an external impact or when the internal pressure of the battery cell is large is reduced, and the casing is generally designed to be thick. However, a thicker housing may result in a reduced housing interior space. In addition, in order to reduce the possibility of internal short circuit of the battery cell, insulation members are generally arranged inside the casing, and the insulation members inevitably occupy a part of space, so that the space reserved for the electrode assembly is very limited, and the volumetric energy density of the battery cell is low.
In view of this, the embodiments of the present application provide a battery cell in which the ratio of the volume of the case to the volume of the case is 90% or more, thereby making the inner space of the case large to accommodate a larger electrode assembly and more electrolyte, and the volumetric energy density of the battery cell can be improved under the same chemical material system.
The battery cell described in the embodiments of the present application is suitable for a battery and an electric device using the battery.
The electric device may be a vehicle, a mobile phone, a portable device, a notebook computer, a ship, a spacecraft, an electric toy, an electric tool, or the like. The vehicle can be a fuel oil vehicle, a fuel gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle or a range-extended vehicle; spacecraft including airplanes, rockets, space planes, spacecraft, and the like; the electric toy includes fixed or mobile electric toys, such as a game machine, an electric car toy, an electric ship toy, and an electric airplane toy; power tools include metal cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembly power tools, and railroad power tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete shakers, and electric planers, among others. The embodiment of the application does not limit the electric device in particular.
For convenience of explanation, the following examples will be described taking an electric device as an example of a vehicle.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 according to some embodiments of the present application. The battery 100 is provided in the interior of the vehicle 1000, and the battery 100 may be provided at the bottom or the head or the tail of the vehicle 1000. The battery 100 may be used for power supply of the vehicle 1000, for example, the battery 100 may be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1000.
The vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300, the controller 200 being configured to control the battery 100 to power the motor 300, for example, for operating power requirements during start-up, navigation, and travel of the vehicle 1000.
In some embodiments of the present application, battery 100 may not only serve as an operating power source for vehicle 1000, but may also serve as a driving power source for vehicle 1000, instead of or in part instead of fuel oil or natural gas, to provide driving power for vehicle 1000.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is an exploded view of a battery 100 according to some embodiments of the present application. The battery 100 includes a battery cell 10 and a battery case 20, and the battery cell 10 is accommodated in the battery case 20.
The battery box 20 is a component for accommodating the battery cell 10, the battery box 20 provides an accommodating space for the battery cell 10, and the battery box 20 can adopt various structures. In some embodiments, the battery case 20 may include a first portion 201 and a second portion 202, the first portion 201 and the second portion 202 being overlapped with each other to define a receiving space for receiving the battery cell 10. The first portion 201 and the second portion 202 may be of various shapes, such as a rectangular parallelepiped, a cylinder, etc. The first portion 201 may be a hollow structure with one side opened, and the second portion 202 may be a hollow structure with one side opened, and the open side of the second portion 202 is closed to the open side of the first portion 201, so as to form the battery case 20 having the accommodating space. The first portion 201 may be a hollow structure with one side open, the second portion 202 may be a plate-like structure, and the second portion 202 may be covered on the open side of the first portion 201 to form the battery case 20 having the accommodation space. The first portion 201 and the second portion 202 may be sealed by a sealing element, which may be a sealing ring, a sealant, or the like.
In the battery 100, the number of the battery cells 10 may be one or a plurality. If there are multiple battery cells 10, the multiple battery cells 10 may be connected in series or parallel or a series-parallel connection, where a series-parallel connection refers to that there are both series connection and parallel connection among the multiple battery cells 10. The plurality of battery cells 10 may be connected in series or parallel or in series-parallel to form a battery module, and the plurality of battery modules are connected in series or parallel or in series-parallel to form a whole and are accommodated in the battery case 20. All the battery cells 10 may be directly connected in series, parallel or series-parallel, and then the whole body formed by all the battery cells 10 is accommodated in the battery box 20.
In some embodiments, the battery 100 may further include a bus bar (not shown), through which the plurality of battery cells 10 may be electrically connected to each other, so as to realize serial connection, parallel connection, or series-parallel connection of the plurality of battery cells 10. The bus member may be a metal conductor such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, or the like.
The battery cell described in the embodiments of the present application is also applicable to an energy storage device.
The role of energy storage devices in future energy application scenarios is increasingly highlighted. On the one hand, in the new energy power generation, wind energy and solar energy power generation have the characteristics of intermittence and instability, and the energy storage device is introduced to effectively inhibit the fluctuation of the generated power, so that the electric energy quality is improved. On the other hand, the energy storage device can also "peak clipping and valley filling", namely, the redundant power of the power grid is absorbed when the power grid is in the low valley period of the output power, and then the power grid is actively supplied with power when the power grid is in the peak period of the output power, so that the peak power of the power grid can be greatly reduced, the management capacity of the power demand side is improved, the application of renewable energy sources is promoted, and the like.
Referring to fig. 3 and fig. 4, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage device 2000 according to some embodiments of the present application, and fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage device 2000 shown in fig. 3.
The energy storage device 2000 includes an energy storage box 400, a battery 100, and a control module (not shown), wherein an internal space of the energy storage box 400 is divided into a battery compartment 401 and an electrical compartment 402, the battery 100 is placed in the battery compartment 401, and the control module is placed in the electrical compartment 402. The battery compartment 401 is provided therein with a pillar 403 and a battery bracket 404, the pillar 403 is generally disposed along a height direction of the energy storage case 400, the battery bracket 404 is fixed to the pillar 403, and the battery 101 is placed on the battery bracket 404 so that the plurality of batteries 100 are arranged in the battery compartment 401. Of course, in other embodiments, the battery unit 10 may be directly placed in the battery compartment 401, without placing the battery unit 10 in the battery box 20 first, and then placing the battery box 20 in the battery compartment 401, so that the stand column 403 and the battery bracket 404 are not required to be disposed in the battery compartment 401, which improves the energy density of the energy storage device 2000.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell 10 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, and fig. 6 is an exploded view of the battery cell 10 shown in fig. 5.
The battery cell 10 may include a case 1 and an electrode assembly 2. The electrode assembly 2 may be one or more.
The electrode assembly 2 is a component in which electrochemical reactions occur in the battery cell 10. The electrode assembly 2 may include a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, and a separator.
The case 1 is a member for accommodating the electrode assembly 2. The housing 1 may be of a right parallelepiped shape, for example, a cuboid, a cube, or the like.
The dimension of the housing 1 in the first direction X is W 1 The dimension of the housing 1 in the second direction Y is T 1 The dimension of the housing 1 in the third direction Z is H 1 . The first direction X, the second direction Y and the third direction Z are perpendicular to each other.
For convenience of explanation, the following embodiments define a first direction X as a width direction of the battery cell 10, a second direction Y as a thickness direction of the battery cell 10, and a third direction Z as a height direction of the battery cell 10. In this case, W 1 For the width of the battery cell 10, T 1 H is the thickness of the battery cell 10 1 Is the height of the battery cell 10.
Referring to fig. 5 to 8, fig. 7 is a sectional exploded view of the battery cell 10 shown in fig. 5, taken along the XZ plane, and fig. 8 is a sectional exploded view of the battery cell 10 shown in fig. 5, taken along the YZ plane.
The case 1 includes a first wall 101 and a second wall 102 disposed opposite to each other in a first direction X, a third wall 103 and a fourth wall 104 disposed opposite to each other in a second direction Y, and a fifth wall 105 and a sixth wall 106 disposed opposite to each other in a third direction Z, which together enclose a space accommodating the electrode assembly 2.
Wherein the sum of the thicknesses of the first wall 101 and the second wall 102 is a, the sum of the thicknesses of the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 is b, and the sum of the thicknesses of the fifth wall 105 and the sixth wall 106 is c, satisfying: (W) 1 -a)*(T 1 -b)*(H 1 -c)/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 )≥90％。
In this embodiment, the thicknesses of the first wall 101 and the second wall 102 may be equal or different; the thickness of the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 may be equal or different; the thicknesses of the fifth wall 105 and the sixth wall 106 may be equal or different.
As a, b and c are all larger than 0, it is understood that the ratio of W to W is 90 percent or less 1 -a)*(T 1 -b)*(H 1 -c)/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 )＜100％。
(W 1 -a)*(T 1 -b)*(H 1 -c)/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 ) Can be 90 to 100 percentAny value therebetween, for example, 90%, 90.5%, 91%, 91.5%, 92%, 92.5%, 93%, 93.5%, 94%, 94.5%, 95%, 95.5%, 96%, 96.5%, 97%, 97.5%, 98%, 98.5%, 99%, 99.5%, etc.
Wherein, (W) 1 -a)*(T 1 -b)*(H 1 C) can be understood as the volume of the housing 1, i.e. the volume of the space enclosed by the inner surface of the housing 1; w (W) 1 *T 1 *H 1 The volume of the case 1 is approximately equal to the volume of the battery cell 10.
If the outer surfaces of the six walls of the housing 1 are all planar, W is measured with respect to the outer surfaces of the respective walls 1、 T 1 And H 1 . For example, if the outer surface of the fifth wall 105 and the outer surface of the sixth wall 106 are both planar, H 1 To be in the third direction Z, the distance between the outer surface of the fifth wall 105 and the outer surface of the sixth wall 106.
If a convex portion or a concave portion is formed on the outer surface of one of the walls of the housing 1, W is measured with reference to the planar area of the outer surface (i.e., the area other than the convex portion or the concave portion) 1 、T 1 And H 1 . For example, if the outer surface of the fifth wall 105 is planar and the outer surface of the sixth wall 106 is formed with a first protrusion, H 1 In order to be in the third direction Z, a distance between a planar area of the outer surface of the sixth wall 106 other than the first convex portion and the outer surface of the fifth wall 105. If the outer surface of the sixth wall 106 is formed with a first convex portion and the outer surface of the fifth wall 105 is formed with a second convex portion, H 1 In order to be in the height direction of the battery cell 10, a distance between a planar area of the outer surface of the fifth wall 105 excluding the second convex portion and a planar area of the outer surface of the sixth wall 106 excluding the first convex portion.
If the six walls of the housing 1 are each a wall having a uniform thickness, the distance between the outer surface and the inner surface of each wall can be measured from any position of the wall, thereby obtaining the thickness of the wall.
If one wall of the housing 1 is a wall having an uneven thickness, the distance between the outer surface and the inner surface of the wall is measured from the position where the thickness of the wall is maximum, thereby obtaining the thickness of the wall. That is, if the thickness of a certain wall is not uniform, a or b or c is calculated by taking the maximum thickness of the wall.
In the embodiment, the ratio of the volume of the shell 1 of the battery cell 10 to the volume of the shell 1 is set to be more than 90%, so that the inner space of the shell 1 is enlarged, and the larger electrode assembly 2 can be accommodated; the volumetric energy density of the cell 10 can be increased under the same chemical material system.
The following is a detailed description of specific experimental data:
in the experiment, the battery cell 10 is a square shell battery cell, the shell 11 is a hollow structure with one end open, and the number of the end covers 12 is one.
TABLE 1
From the above Table 1, comparative examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1 show that in the case where the positive electrode material of the battery cell 10 includes a lithium-containing phosphate, (W) 1 -a)*(T 1 -b)*(H 1 -c)/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 ) Not less than 0.9, the volume energy density of the battery cell 10 can be effectively improved. Comparative examples 5 to 8 and comparative example 2 show that in the case where the positive electrode material of the battery cell 10 includes lithium transition metal oxide, (W) 1 -a)*(T 1 -b)*(H 1 -c)/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 ) Not less than 0.9, the volume energy density of the battery cell 10 can be effectively improved. Comparative examples 9 to 12 and comparative example 3 show that, (W) in the case where the battery cell 10 is a sodium ion battery cell 1 -a)*(T 1 -b)*(H 1 -c)/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 ) Not less than 0.9, the volume energy density of the battery cell 10 can be effectively improved.
In order to make the ratio of the volume of the housing 1 to the volume of the housing 1 be more than 90%, and make the wall thickness of the housing 1 in three directions be more uniform, the stress balance of the housing 1 in three directions is improved.
In some embodiments, W 1 And a satisfies (W) 1 -a)/W 1 ≥97.0％。
By combining W 1 -a and W 1 The ratio of (2) is set to 97.0% or more so that the width of the inner space of the case 1 becomes large in the case where the width of the battery cell 10 is not changed, thereby allowing the wider electrode assembly 2 to be accommodated; the volumetric energy density of the cell 10 can be increased under the same chemical material system. (W) 1 -a)/W 1 Any value between 97.0% and 100% is possible, for example, 97.0%, 97.5%, 98%, 98.5%, 99%, 99.5%, etc.
In some embodiments, T 1 And b satisfies (T) 1 -b)/T 1 ≥96.5％。
By combining T 1 -b and T 1 The ratio of (2) is set to 96.5% or more so that the width of the inner space of the case 1 becomes large in the case where the thickness of the battery cell 10 is not changed, thereby allowing the thicker electrode assembly 2 to be accommodated; the volumetric energy density of the cell 10 can be increased under the same chemical material system. (T) 1 -b)/T 1 Any value between 96.5% and 100% is possible, for example, 96.5%, 97%, 97.5%, 98%, 98.5%, 99%, 99.5%, etc.
In some embodiments, H 1 And c satisfies (H) 1 -c)/H 1 ≥96.5％。
By combining H 1 -c and H 1 The ratio of (2) is set to 96.5% or more so that the height of the inner space of the case 1 becomes large in the case where the height of the battery cell 10 is not changed, thereby allowing the higher electrode assembly 2 to be accommodated; the volumetric energy density of the cell 10 can be increased under the same chemical material system. (H) 1 -c)/H 1 Any value between 96.5% and 100% is possible, for example, 96.5%, 97%, 97.5%, 98%, 98.5%, 99%, 99.5%, etc.
In some embodiments, W 1 And a satisfies (W) 1 -a)/W 1 ≥97.0％，T 1 And b satisfies (T) 1 -b)/T 1 ≥96.5％，H 1 And c satisfies (H) 1 -c)/H 1 ≥96.5％。
As an example, the housing 1 may include a case 11 and an end cap 12.
The housing 11 may be a hollow structure having one end formed with an opening and the other end closed, or the housing 11 may be a hollow structure having opposite ends formed with an opening. The opening is for the electrode assembly 2 to enter the interior space of the housing 11. The end cap 12 is a member closing the opening of the case 11 to isolate the inner environment of the battery cell 10 from the outer environment. The end cap 12 defines a sealed space together with the case 11 for accommodating the electrode assembly 22, the electrolyte, and other components. The end cap 12 may be attached to the housing 11 by welding or crimping to close the opening of the housing 11. The shape of the end cover 12 may be adapted to the shape of the housing 11, for example, the housing 11 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the end cover 12 has a rectangular plate-like structure adapted to the housing 11.
In the battery cell 10, the end caps 12 may be one or two.
As shown in fig. 6, in an embodiment in which the housing 11 is a hollow structure having an opening formed at one end, one end cap 12 may be provided corresponding to the end cap 12, the opening at one end of the housing 11 is closed by the end cap 12, and a sealed space is defined by the end cap 12 and the housing 11. In this embodiment, the housing 11 includes integrally formed first, second, third, fourth, and fifth walls 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, wherein the first, second, third, and fourth walls 101, 102, 103, 104 serve as side walls of the housing 11, and the fifth wall 105 serves as a bottom wall of the housing 11; the sixth wall 106 is provided separately from the other five walls, and the sixth wall 106 serves as the end cap 12.
As shown in fig. 10, in the embodiment in which the housing 11 is a hollow structure with openings formed at both ends, two end caps 12 may be provided correspondingly, the two end caps 12 respectively close the two openings of the housing 11, and the two end caps 12 and the housing 11 together define a sealed space. In this embodiment, the housing includes integrally formed first, second, third and fourth walls 101, 102, 103, 104, a fifth wall 105 is provided separately from the other five walls, a sixth wall 106 is also provided separately from the other five walls, the fifth wall 105 serves as one end cap 12, and the sixth wall 106 serves as the other end cap 12.
In order to reduce the possibility of the electrode assembly 2 interfering with the case 11 during the process of fitting the case 11, and to reduce the risk of damage to the electrode assembly 2, a certain assembly gap (i.e., a case-in gap) may be set aside for the electrode assembly 2 when the case 11 is designed, and may be 0.8-2mm.
In addition, in order to reduce the possibility of an internal short circuit of the battery cell 10, an insulating member may be provided inside the case 1, but the insulating member inevitably occupies a part of the inner space of the case 1, resulting in a reduction in the space reserved for the electrode assembly 2.
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, in some embodiments of the present application, the housing 1 includes a shell 11 and an end cap 12, the shell 11 has an opening, and the end cap 12 covers the opening; the housing 11 comprises a first wall 101, a second wall 102, a third wall 103, a fourth wall 104 and a fifth wall 105 which are integrally formed, and the end cover 12 is a sixth wall 106; the battery cell 10 further includes a first insulator 141 and a second insulator 142, the first insulator 141 being disposed between the fifth wall 105 and the electrode assembly 2 and abutting the fifth wall 105; the second insulator 142 is provided between the sixth wall 106 and the electrode assembly 2, and abuts against the sixth wall 106; the first insulating member 141 has a maximum dimension d in the third direction Z 1 The second insulator 142 has a maximum dimension d in the third direction Z 2 The method comprises the following steps: (W) 1 -a-1.6mm)*(T 1 -b-1.6mm)*(H 1 -c-d 1 -d 2 )/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 )≥88％，0.3mm≤d 1 Less than or equal to 1.2mm, and less than or equal to 2mm d 2 ≤10mm。
In the present embodiment, W 1 -a-1.6mm means: when the sum of the assembly gap of the electrode assembly 2 and the first wall 101 and the assembly gap of the electrode assembly 2 and the second wall 102 is taken to be 1.6mm, the inner space of the case 1 is left to the maximum size of the electrode assembly 2 in the first direction X. T (T) 1 The meaning of b-1.6mm is: when the sum of the assembly gap of the electrode assembly 2 and the third wall 103 and the assembly gap of the electrode assembly 2 and the fourth wall 104 is 1.6mm, the following is takenIn the second direction Y, the inner space of the case 1 is left to the maximum size of the electrode assembly 2. H 1 -c-d 1 -d 2 The meaning of the expression is: when the first insulator 141 abutting the fifth wall 105 is provided between the fifth wall 105 and the electrode assembly 2 and the second insulator 142 abutting the sixth wall 106 is provided between the sixth wall 106 and the electrode assembly 2, the inner space of the case 1 is left to the maximum size of the electrode assembly 2 in the third direction Z. The first insulating member 141 may be a bottom plate, and the second insulating member 142 may be lower plastic.
By combining (W) 1 -a-1.6mm)*(T 1 -b-1.6mm)*(H 1 -c-d 1 -d 2 ) And W is 1 *T 1 *H 1 The ratio of (2) is set to 88% or more so that the space left for the electrode assembly 2 inside the case 1 becomes large, allowing the electrode assembly 2 having a larger volume to be placed, so that the volumetric energy density of the battery cell 10 is further improved.
In some embodiments of the present application, the following are satisfied: (W) 1 -a-4mm)*(T 1 -b-4mm)*(H 1 -c-d 1 -d 2 )/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 )≥85％，0.3mm≤d 1 Less than or equal to 10mm, and less than or equal to 2mm and less than or equal to d 2 ≤10mm。
In the present embodiment, W 1 -a-4mm means: when the sum of the assembly gap of the electrode assembly 2 and the first wall 101 and the assembly gap of the electrode assembly 2 and the second wall 102 is taken to be 4mm, the inner space of the case 1 is left to the maximum size of the electrode assembly 2 in the first direction X. T (T) 1 The meaning of b-4mm is: when the sum of the assembly gap of the electrode assembly 2 and the third wall 103 and the assembly gap of the electrode assembly 2 and the fourth wall 104 is taken to be 4mm, the inner space of the case 1 is left to the maximum size of the electrode assembly 2 in the second direction Y. H 1 -c-d 1 -d 2 The meaning of the expression is: when the first insulator 141 abutting the fifth wall 105 is provided between the fifth wall 105 and the electrode assembly 2 and the second insulator 142 abutting the sixth wall 106 is provided between the sixth wall 106 and the electrode assembly 2, the inner space of the case 1 is left to the maximum size of the electrode assembly 2 in the third direction Z.
By combining (W) 1 -a-4mm)*(T 1 -b-4mm)*(H 1 -c-d 1 -d 2 ) And W is 1 *T 1 *H 1 The ratio of (2) is set to 85% or more such that the space left for the electrode assembly 2 inside the case 1 becomes large, allowing a larger volume of the electrode assembly 2 to be placed, so that the volumetric energy density of the battery cell 10 is further improved.
Referring to fig. 9 to 12, fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a battery cell according to other embodiments of the present application, fig. 10 is an exploded view of the battery cell shown in fig. 9, fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the battery cell shown in fig. 9 taken along the XZ plane, and fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the battery cell shown in fig. 9 taken along the YZ plane.
In some embodiments of the present application, the housing 1 includes a case 11 and two end caps 12, the case 11 having two openings oppositely disposed along the third direction Z, the two end caps 12 respectively covering the openings of the corresponding sides; the housing 11 includes a first wall 101, a second wall 102, a third wall 103, and a fourth wall 104 that are integrally formed, and two end caps 12 are a fifth wall and a sixth wall, respectively; the battery cell 10 further includes a third insulator 143 and a fourth insulator 144, the third insulator 143 being disposed between the fifth wall 105 and the electrode assembly 2 and abutting the fifth wall 105; the fourth insulator 144 is disposed between the sixth wall 106 and the electrode assembly 2, and abuts against the sixth wall 106; the third insulator 143 has a maximum dimension d in the third direction Z 3 The maximum dimension of the fourth insulator 144 in the third direction Z is d 4 The method comprises the following steps: (W) 1 -a-1.6mm)*(T 1 -b-1.6mm)*(H 1 -c-d 3 -d 4 )/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 )≥88％，2mm≤d 3 Less than or equal to 10mm, and less than or equal to 2mm and less than or equal to d 4 ≤10mm。
In this embodiment, the third insulating member and the fourth insulating member may be lower plastic.
By combining (W) 1 -a-1.6mm)*(T 1 -b-1.6mm)*(H 1 -c-d 3 -d 4 ) And W is 1 *T 1 *H 1 The ratio of (2) is set to 88% or more so that the space left for the electrode assembly 2 inside the case 1 becomes large, allowing the electrode assembly 2 having a larger volume to be placed so that the battery cellThe volumetric energy density of 10 is further improved.
In some embodiments of the present application, the following are satisfied: (W) 1 -a-4mm)*(T 1 -b-4mm)*(H 1 -c-d 3 -d 4 )/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 )≥85％，2mm≤d 3 Less than or equal to 10mm, and less than or equal to 2mm and less than or equal to d 4 ≤10mm。
By combining (W) 1 -a-4mm)*(T 1 -b-4mm)*(H 1 -c-d 3 -d 4 ) And W is 1 *T 1 *H 1 The ratio of (2) is set to 85% or more such that the space left for the electrode assembly 2 inside the case 1 becomes large, allowing a larger volume of the electrode assembly 2 to be placed, so that the volumetric energy density of the battery cell 10 is further improved.
In some embodiments of the present application, W 1 、T 1 And H 1 The method meets the following conditions: 3000cm 3 ≤W 1 *T 1 *H 1 ≤40000cm 3 I.e. the volume of the housing 1 is 3000cm 3 ～40000cm 3 Between them.
When W is 1 *T 1 *H 1 ＜3000cm 3 In order to make the ratio of the volume of the casing 1 to the volume of the casing 1 at least 90%, the wall thickness of the casing 1 needs to be designed to be small, which results in a small load that the casing 1 can bear, and the casing 1 is not sufficient in structural strength and rigidity, and is easily deformed or broken, which is not good for the safety of the battery cell 10.
When W is 1 *T 1 *H 1 ＞40000cm 3 In this case, the volume of the battery cell 10 is larger, the capacity is larger, and the current when the battery cell 10 discharges is larger, so that the heat productivity of the overcurrent element in the circuit is larger, and the overcurrent element is easy to damage.
In the present embodiment, the volume of the casing 1 is set at 3000cm 3 ～40000cm 3 On the one hand, when the ratio of the volume of the shell 1 to the volume is more than 90%, the wall thickness of the shell 1 is not too small, so that the requirements on the structural strength and the rigidity of the shell 1 can be met; on the other hand, the capacity and current of the battery cell 10 can be controlled within proper ranges, and the voltage is reducedThe risk of damaging the overcurrent element in the circuit is low.
W 1 *T 1 *H 1 May be 3000cm 3 ～40000cm 3 Arbitrary value in between, for example, 3000cm 3 ，3100cm 3 ，3200cm 3 ，3300cm 3 ，3400cm 3 ，3500cm 3 ，3600cm 3 ，3700cm 3 ，3800cm 3 ，3900cm 3 ，4000cm 3 ，4050cm 3 ，4100cm 3 ，4200cm 3 ，4500cm 3 ，5000cm 3 ，10000cm 3 ，15000cm 3 ，20000cm 3 ，25000cm 3 ，30000cm 3 ，35000cm 3 ，40000cm 3 Etc.
In some embodiments, 3200cm 3 ≤W 1 *T 1 *H 1 ≤32000cm 3 。
Exemplary, W 1 *T 1 *H 1 Can be 3200cm 3 ～32000cm 3 Arbitrary value in between, for example, 3250cm 3 ，3350cm 3 ，3450cm 3 ，3550cm 3 ，3650cm 3 ，3750cm 3 ，3850cm 3 ，3950cm 3 ，4650cm 3 ，6650cm 3 ，9500cm 3 ，12000cm 3 ，18000cm 3 ，31000cm 3 Etc.
In some embodiments, 3720cm 3 ≤W 1 *T 1 *H 1 ≤12500cm 3 。
In some embodiments 4000cm 3 ≤W 1 *T 1 *H 1 ≤6000cm 3 。
Please refer to fig. 6, 13-16. Fig. 13 is a front view of the two electrode assemblies 2 of fig. 6, fig. 14 is a side view of the two electrode assemblies 2 of fig. 6, fig. 15 is a top view of the two electrode assemblies 2 of fig. 6, and fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view of one electrode assembly 2 of fig. 6.
In some embodiments of the present application, the electrode assembly 2 includes a main body 21, a positive tab 22, and a negative tab 23, the positive tab 22 and the negative tab 23 being formed from the main body21 extend out, the main body 21 is a flat body, and the maximum dimension of the main body 21 in the first direction X is W 2 The maximum dimension of the body 21 in the second direction Y is T 2 The maximum dimension of the body 21 in the third direction Z is H 2 The method comprises the following steps: (W) 2 *T 2 *H 2 )/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 )≥80％。
The electrode assembly 2 includes a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, and a separator. The positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer coated on a partial region of the positive electrode current collector. The regions of the positive electrode active material layer and the positive electrode current collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer form a positive electrode coating region, the regions of the positive electrode current collector not coated with the positive electrode active position layer form a positive electrode tab 22, and the positive electrode tab 22 protrudes from the positive electrode coating region. The negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer coated on a partial region of the negative electrode current collector. The regions of the anode active material layer and the anode current collector coated with the anode active material layer form an anode coating region, and the regions of the anode current collector not coated with the anode active material layer form anode tabs 23, the anode tabs 23 protruding from the anode coating region.
The positive electrode coating region and the negative electrode coating region are disposed opposite to each other, and the positive electrode coating region, the negative electrode coating region, and the separator form the main body 21 of the electrode assembly 2.
The electrode assembly 2 may be a wound structure formed by winding a positive electrode sheet, a separator, and a negative electrode sheet, or may be a laminated structure formed by stacking a positive electrode sheet, a separator, and a negative electrode sheet. It is understood that the main body 21 may be a flat body regardless of whether the electrode assembly 2 is a rolled structure or a laminated structure.
When a plurality of electrode assemblies 2 are provided in the battery cell 10, W 2 Is the maximum dimension, T, of the whole body composed of the main bodies 21 of the plurality of electrode assemblies 2 in the first direction X 2 Is the maximum dimension, H, in the second direction Y of the whole composed of the main bodies 21 of the plurality of electrode assemblies 2 2 Is the largest dimension in the third direction Z of the whole composed of the main bodies 21 of the plurality of electrode assemblies 2. As examples, e.g.As shown in fig. 6 and 15, two electrode assemblies 2 are provided in the case 1, and the two electrode assemblies 2 are stacked in the second direction Y, at this time, T 2 Is the largest dimension of the whole body made up of the main bodies 21 of the two electrode assemblies 2 in the second direction Y.
In the present embodiment, by adding (W 2 *T 2 *H 2 )/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 ) The volume of the shell 1 is large, the volume of the electrode assembly 2 is small, the volume energy density of the battery cell 10 is improved, and the movement of the electrode assembly 2 in the shell 1 is reduced by setting the volume to be more than 80% so that the electrode assembly 2 can fully utilize the inner space of the shell 1.
(W 2 *T 2 *H 2 )/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 ) Any value between 80% and 100% is possible, such as 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 92%, 94%, 96%, etc.
To W 2 *T 2 *H 2 And W is equal to 1 *T 1 *H 1 Can be above 80% and match the dimensions of the body 21 of the electrode assembly 2 in all directions to the dimensions of the interior space of the can 1 in all directions to further reduce the play of the electrode assembly 2 within the can 1, in some embodiments: w (W) 2 /(W 1 -a)≥91.5％，T 2 /(T 1 -b) is greater than or equal to 93.2%, and H 2 /(H 1 -c)≥94.0％。
By combining W 2 And W is 1 The ratio of a is set to 91.5% or more, which can improve the space utilization of the interior of the housing 1 in the first direction X; the volumetric energy density of the cell 10 can be increased under the same chemical material system. W (W) 2 And W is 1 The ratio of-a may be any value above 91.5%, such as 91.6%, 91.8%, 92.0%, 92.5%, 93.0%, 93.5%, 94.0%, 94.5%, 95.0%, etc.
By combining T 2 And T 2 The ratio of b is set to 93.2% or more, which can improve the space utilization of the inside of the housing 1 in the second direction Y; at the same timeThe volumetric energy density of the battery cell 10 can be increased under the chemical material system of (a). T (T) 2 And T 2 The ratio of b may be any value above 93.2%, such as 93.5%, 94.0%, 94.5%, 95.0%, 95.5%, 96.0%, 96.5%, 97.0%, 97.5%, etc.
By combining H 2 And H 1 The ratio of c is set to be more than 94.0%, so that the space utilization rate of the interior of the shell 1 in the third direction Z can be improved; the volumetric energy density of the cell 10 can be increased under the same chemical material system. H 2 And H 1 The ratio of-c may be any value above 94.0%, such as 94.5%, 95.0%, 95.5%, 96.0%, 96.5%, 97.0%, 97.5%, 98.0%, 98.5%, etc.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 6, 13 to 16, the electrode assembly 2 is of a rolled structure, the rolling center line of the electrode assembly 2 is disposed along the third direction Z, and the positive electrode tab 22 and the negative electrode tab 23 are located at the same end of the main body 21 and are both disposed toward the end cap 12. However, embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 17 to 19, fig. 17 is an exploded view of a battery cell according to still other embodiments of the present application, fig. 18 is a front view of the electrode assembly of fig. 17, and fig. 19 is a top view of the electrode assembly of fig. 17.
In further embodiments of the present application, the electrode assembly 2 is a rolled structure, the rolled center line of the electrode assembly 2 is disposed along the first direction X, the positive tab 22 and the negative tab 23 are located at opposite ends of the main body 21, the positive tab 22 is disposed toward the first wall 101, and the negative tab 23 is disposed toward the second wall 102.
Referring to fig. 16, when the electrode assembly 2 is of a rolled structure, the body 21 may include a flat region a, a first inflection region B1 and a second inflection region B2, and the first inflection region B1 and the second inflection region B2 are located at both ends of the flat region a, respectively. In the flat region a, the positive electrode sheet 24, the negative electrode sheet 25, and the separator 26 have a substantially planar shape. In the first bending region B1 and the second bending region B2, the positive electrode sheet 24, the negative electrode sheet 25, and the separator 26 each have a bent surface or an arc surface shape.
In some embodiments of the present application, along the first directionIn the direction X, the first inflection region B1 and the second inflection region B2 are located at both ends of the flat region a, that is, the first inflection region B1, the flat region a and the second inflection region B2 are arranged along the first direction X, and the winding center line direction of the electrode assembly 2 is the third direction Z. In the present embodiment, the first bending region B1 includes a plurality of first bending portions stacked together, and a distance between an inner vertex of a first bending portion of an innermost layer and an outer vertex of a first bending portion of an outermost layer of the plurality of first bending portions is W along the first direction X 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The second bending region B2 comprises a plurality of second bending parts which are stacked, and the distance between the inner peak of the second bending part of the innermost layer and the outer peak of the second bending part of the outermost layer in the plurality of second bending parts along the first direction X is W 4 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The method meets the following conditions: (W) 3 +W 4 )/W 2 ≤30％。
The "first bent portion of the innermost layer among the plurality of first bent portions" refers to one of the plurality of first bent portions that is closest to the winding center line of the electrode assembly 2. If the innermost layer of the electrode assembly 2 is the separator 26, the first bent portion of the innermost layer is the bent portion of the separator 26. If the innermost layer of the electrode assembly 2 is the positive electrode tab 24, the first bent portion of the innermost layer is the bent portion of the positive electrode tab 24. If the innermost layer of the electrode assembly 2 is the negative electrode tab 25, the first bent portion of the innermost layer is the bent portion of the negative electrode tab 25.
"the inner vertex of the first bent portion of the innermost layer" refers to the point on the inner surface of the first bent portion of the innermost layer (i.e., the surface facing the winding center line of the electrode assembly 2) that is farthest from the winding center line of the electrode assembly 2.
"the second bent portion of the innermost layer among the plurality of second bent portions" refers to one of the plurality of second bent portions that is closest to the winding center line of the electrode assembly 2. If the innermost layer of the electrode assembly 2 is the separator 26, the second bent portion of the innermost layer is the bent portion of the separator 26. If the innermost layer of the electrode assembly 2 is the positive electrode tab 24, the second bent portion of the innermost layer is the bent portion of the positive electrode tab 24. If the innermost layer of the electrode assembly 2 is the negative electrode tab 25, the second bent portion of the innermost layer is the bent portion of the negative electrode tab 25.
"the inner vertex of the second bent portion of the innermost layer" refers to the point on the inner surface of the second bent portion of the innermost layer (i.e., the surface facing the winding center line of the electrode assembly 2) that is farthest from the winding center line of the electrode assembly 2.
Because the housing 1 has a straight parallelepiped shape, unlike the flat region a, the bending region cannot be completely bonded to the inner surface of the housing 1, with a gap therebetween. The larger the size of the bending region in the first direction X, the larger the above-mentioned gap, and the lower the effective utilization of the internal space of the casing 1.
In the present embodiment, W 3 Approximately equal to the dimension of the first inflection zone B1 in the first direction X, W 4 Approximately equal to the dimension of the second inflection zone B2 in the first direction X. By combining W 3 、W 4 Sum and W 2 The ratio of the first bending region B1 to the second bending region B2 is set to be less than 30%, so that the ratio of the dimensions of the first bending region B1 to the second bending region B2 in the first direction X is reduced, the ratio of the dimensions of the flat region a in the first direction X is increased, the volume ratio of the gaps is reduced, the effective utilization rate of the internal space of the casing 1 is improved, and the volumetric energy density of the battery cell 10 is improved.
At 3000cm 3 ≤W 1 *T 1 *H 1 ≤40000cm 3 And (W) 2 *T 2 *H 2 )/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 ) In case of 80% or more, the volume of the battery cell 10 is large and the volume of the electrode assembly 2 is also large. The larger the volume of the electrode assembly 2, the greater the mass of the electrode assembly 2 under the same chemical material system. However, when the battery cell 10 falls or collides, the electrode assembly 2 moves in the case 1, and at this time, the impact of the electrode assembly 2 having a larger mass on the case 1 is greater.
In order to enable each wall of the casing 1 to withstand a larger impact, reduce the risk of deformation of the casing 1 and improve the reliability of the battery cell 10, in some embodiments of the present application, the materials of the first wall 101, the second wall 102, the third wall 103, the fourth wall 104, the fifth wall 105 and the sixth wall 106 all comprise an aluminum alloy, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 96.7% or more of aluminum, 0.05% or less of copper or less of 0.2% or less of iron or less of 0.7% or less of manganese or less of 1.5% or less of silicon or less of 0.6% or less of zinc or less of 0.1% or less of other single element components or less of 0.05% or less of other element total components or less of 0.15% or less.
In this embodiment, by controlling the mass percentages of the various elements in the above-mentioned intervals, an aluminum alloy with higher strength can be obtained, and by using the aluminum alloy as the material of the housing 1, the impact resistance of the housing 1 can be significantly improved, and the reliability of the battery cell 10 can be improved.
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, in some embodiments of the present application, a housing 1 includes a shell 11 and an end cap 12, the shell 11 has an opening, the end cap 12 covers the opening, and the end cap 12 is welded with the shell 11; the first wall 101, the second wall 102, the third wall 103, the fourth wall 104 and the fifth wall 105 are integrally formed and serve as the housing 11, the sixth wall 106 is formed separately from the other five walls, and the sixth wall 106 serves as the end cap 12; the thickness of the first wall 101 and the second wall 102 is a 1 The thickness of the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 is b 1 The fifth wall 105 has a thickness c 1 The thickness of the sixth wall 106 is c 2 The method comprises the following steps: c 2 ＞c 1 ，c 1 ＞a 1 ，c 1 ＞b 1 。
For a cell 10 having only one end cap, the cell 10 is typically used with the end cap facing up or the end cap facing down. When the battery cell 10 is used in an upside-down orientation, particulate matter (e.g., carbon powder, metal shavings, etc.) inside the battery cell 10 may be deposited on the bottom of the housing (i.e., the fifth wall 105) due to gravity, causing the bottom of the housing to corrode. After long-term corrosion, the strength of the bottom of the case is weakened, which is disadvantageous in resisting impact from the electrode assembly 2 or the outside, and affects the reliability of the battery cell 10. Thus, in the present embodiment, the thickness of the fifth wall 105 is designed to be thicker so that the thickness of the fifth wall 105 is greater than the thicknesses of the first wall 101 and the second wall 102 and greater than the thicknesses of the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 (i.e., c 1 ＞a 1 ，c 1 ＞b 1 )。
In addition, at 3000cm 3 ≤W 1 *T 1 *H 1 ≤40000cm 3 And (W) 2 *T 2 *H 2 )/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 ) In case of 80% or more, the volume of the battery cell 10 is large and the volume of the electrode assembly 2 is also large. The larger the volume of the electrode assembly 2, the larger the gas yield of the battery cell 10 upon cycling, and the larger the internal gas pressure of the battery cell 10 under the same chemical material system.
In order to reduce the risk of tearing of the weld between the end cap 12 and the housing 11 due to an increase in internal air pressure, in the present embodiment, the thickness of the end cap 12 is designed to be thicker so that the thickness of the end cap 12 is greater than the thickness of the fifth wall 105 (i.e., c 2 ＞c 1 ) It is possible to allow a weld having a greater width or thickness to be formed between the end cap 12 and the case 11, thereby improving welding strength, reducing the risk of tearing of the weld, and improving the reliability of the battery cell 10. In addition, to form a weld of greater width or thickness, increasing the thickness of the end cap 12 may reduce the amount of material used and reduce costs as compared to increasing the thickness of the housing 11. While increasing the thickness of the housing 11 means that the thickness of at least the four walls, i.e., the first wall 101, the second wall 102, the third wall 103, and the fourth wall 104, welded to the end cap 12 is increased, the amount of material is significantly increased, and the cost is high.
In the case where the first wall 101, the second wall 102, the third wall 103, the fourth wall 104, and the fifth wall 105 are integrally provided and the sixth wall 106 is the end cap 12 as a case, in some embodiments of the present application, the areas of the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 are larger than the areas of the first wall 101 and the second wall 102, and the areas of the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 are larger than the areas of the fifth wall 105 and the sixth wall 106, it is satisfied that: b 1 ＜a 1 。
In the present embodiment, the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 are two walls of the case 1 having the largest area, that is, large surfaces of the battery cells 10. The expansion amount of the electrode assembly 2 in the large-surface direction is much larger than that in the other directions when the battery cell 10 is cycled. In order to allow the electrode assembly 2 to expand in the large-surface direction, in the present embodiment, the thicknesses of the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 are designed to be smaller, so that the thicknesses of the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 are smaller than those of the firstThe thickness of the wall 101 and the second wall 102 (i.e., b 1 ＜a 1 )。
In the case where the first wall 101, the second wall 102, the third wall 103, the fourth wall 104, and the fifth wall 105 are integrally provided and as the housing 11, and the sixth wall 106 is as the end cap 12, 0.5 mm. Ltoreq.a in some embodiments of the present application 1 ≤1.5mm，0.5mm≤b 1 ≤1.5mm，1.0mm≤c 1 ≤2.5mm，1.5mm≤c 2 ≤4mm。
a 1 May be any value between 0.5mm and 1.5mm, for example, 0.5mm,0.6mm,0.7mm,0.8mm,0.9mm,1.0mm,1.1mm,1.2mm,1.3mm,1.4mm,1.5mm, etc.
When a is 1 When < 0.5mm, the thickness of the first wall 101 and the second wall 102 is too small, and since the thickness of the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 is smaller than that of the first wall 101 and the second wall 102, it is difficult to secure the structural strength of the case 1 in the third direction Z, and the battery cell 10 is easily deformed; when a is 1 At > 1.5mm, the thickness of the first wall 101 and the second wall 102 is too large, which is disadvantageous in increasing the volumetric energy density of the battery cell 10, and is costly. In this embodiment, a will be 1 The structural strength of the case 1 in the third direction Z can be ensured while the volumetric energy density of the battery cell 10 is ensured by setting to 0.5mm to 1.5 mm.
b 1 May be any value between 0.5mm and 1.5mm, for example, 0.5mm,0.6mm,0.7mm,0.8mm,0.9mm,1.0mm,1.1mm,1.2mm,1.3mm,1.4mm,1.5mm, etc.
When b 1 At < 0.5mm, the thicknesses of the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 are too small, and when the electrode assembly 2 is expanded, the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 are easily crushed; when b 1 When the thickness of the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 is larger than 1.5mm, the structural strength and the rigidity are also larger, the expansion of the electrode assembly 2 is difficult to absorb, the stress concentration is easy to generate in the electrode assembly 2, the phenomenon of 'lithium precipitation' is generated, and the cycle life is attenuated. In this embodiment, b 1 Is set to 0.5mm to 1.5mm, so that the structural strength and rigidity of the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 are moderate, and the electrode assembly 2 is allowed to expand and is not extruded by the electrode assembly 2And (3) breaking.
c 1 May be any value between 1.0mm and 2.5mm, for example, 1.0mm,1.1mm,1.2mm,1.3mm,1.4mm,1.5mm,1.6mm,1.7mm,1.8mm,1.9mm,2.0mm,2.1mm,2.2mm,2.3mm,2.4mm,2.5mm, etc.
When c 1 When the thickness of the fifth wall 105 is less than 1.0mm, the residual thickness of the fifth wall 105 after long-term corrosion of the particles deposited on the fifth wall 105 is less, and when the electrode assembly 2 moves in the shell 1, the fifth wall 105 is difficult to resist the impact of the electrode assembly 2 and is easy to break; when c 1 At > 2.5mm, the thickness of the fifth wall 105 is too large, which is disadvantageous in increasing the volumetric energy density of the battery cell 10, and is costly. In this embodiment, c 1 Setting to 1.0mm to 2.5mm can ensure the capacity of the fifth wall 105 against the impact of the electrode assembly 2 while ensuring the volumetric energy density of the battery cell 10.
In the case where the first wall 101, the second wall 102, the third wall 103, the fourth wall 104, and the fifth wall 105 are integrally formed and serve as the case 11, and the sixth wall 106 serves as the end cap 12, the electrode terminal may be provided on the end cap 12 or may be provided on the fifth wall 105. The electrode terminals are electrically connected to the electrode assembly 2.
In the case where the first wall 101, the second wall 102, the third wall 103, the fourth wall 104, and the fifth wall 105 are integrally formed and provided as a case, and the sixth wall 106 serves as an end cap, in order to further increase the volume ratio of the internal space of the case 1, the volumetric energy density of the battery cell 10 is increased, and in some embodiments of the present application, (W 1 -2*a 1 )*(T 1 -2*b 1 )*(H 1 -c 1 -c 2 )/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 )≥95％。
Referring to fig. 10 to 12, in some embodiments of the present application, a housing 1 includes a shell 11 and two end caps 12, the shell 11 has two openings disposed opposite to each other along a third direction Z, the two end caps 12 respectively cover the openings on the corresponding sides, and the end caps 12 are welded to the shell 11; the first wall 101, the second wall 102, the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 are integrally formed and serve as the housing 11, and the fifth wall 105 and the sixth wall 106 serve as two respectivelyA plurality of end caps 12; the thickness of the first wall 101 and the second wall 102 is a 1 The thickness of the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 is b 1 The fifth wall 105 has a thickness c 1 The thickness of the sixth wall 106 is c 2 The method comprises the following steps: c 1 ＝c 2 ，c 1 ＞a 1 ，c 2 ＞b 1 。
In the present embodiment, by setting the fifth wall 105 and the sixth wall 106 to be equal in thickness (i.e., c 1 ＝c 2 ) The two end covers 12 required by the battery cell 10 can be produced by adopting the same set of dies, so that the number of the dies is reduced, and the production cost is reduced.
For the battery cell 10 having two end caps 12, in order to reduce the risk of tearing of the weld between the end caps 12 and the case 11 due to an increase in internal air pressure, in the present embodiment, the thickness of the end caps 12 is designed to be thicker so that the thickness of the end caps 12 is greater than the thicknesses of the first wall 101 and the second wall 102 and greater than the thicknesses of the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 (i.e., c 1 ＞a 1 ，c 1 ＞b 1 ，c 2 ＞a 1 ，c 2 ＞b 1 ) It is possible to allow a weld having a greater width or thickness to be formed between the end cap 12 and the case 11, thereby improving welding strength, reducing the risk of tearing of the weld, and improving the reliability of the battery cell 10. In addition, increasing the thickness of the end cap 12 may reduce the amount of material used and reduce costs as compared to increasing the thickness of the first wall 101, the second wall 102, the third wall 103, and the fourth wall 104 in order to form a weld of greater width or thickness.
In the case where the first wall 101, the second wall 102, the third wall 103, and the fourth wall 104 are integrally provided and serve as the case 11, and the fifth wall 105 and the sixth wall 106 serve as the end caps 12, respectively, in some embodiments of the present application, the areas of the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 are larger than the areas of the first wall 101 and the second wall 102, and the areas of the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 are larger than the areas of the fifth wall 105 and the sixth wall 106, it is satisfied that: b 1 ＜a 1 。
In the present embodiment, the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 are two walls having the largest area of the case 1, that is, large surfaces of the battery cells 10.In general, the expansion amount of the electrode assembly 2 in the large-surface direction is much larger than that in the other directions when the battery cell 10 is cycled. In order to allow the electrode assembly 2 to expand in the large-surface direction, in the present embodiment, the thicknesses of the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 are designed to be smaller such that the thicknesses of the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 are smaller than the thicknesses of the first wall 101 and the second wall 102 (i.e., b 1 ＜a 1 )。
In the case where the first wall 101, the second wall 102, the third wall 103, and the fourth wall 104 are integrally provided and serve as the housing 11, and the fifth wall 105 and the sixth wall 106 serve as the end caps 12, respectively, in some embodiments of the present application, 0.5 mm. Ltoreq.a 1 ≤1.5mm，0.5≤b 1 ≤1.5mm，1.5mm≤c 1 ≤4mm。
a 1 May be any value between 0.5mm and 1.5mm, for example, 0.5mm,0.6mm,0.7mm,0.8mm,0.9mm,1.0mm,1.1mm,1.2mm,1.3mm,1.4mm,1.5mm, etc.
When a is 1 When < 0.5mm, the thickness of the first wall 101 and the second wall 102 is too small, and since the thickness of the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 is smaller than that of the first wall 101 and the second wall 102, it is difficult to secure the structural strength of the case 1 in the third direction Z, and the battery cell 10 is easily deformed; when a is 1 At > 1.5mm, the thickness of the first wall 101 and the second wall 102 is too large, which is disadvantageous in increasing the volumetric energy density of the battery cell 10, and is costly. In this embodiment, a will be 1 The structural strength of the case 1 in the third direction Z can be ensured while the volumetric energy density of the battery cell 10 is ensured by setting to 0.5mm to 1.5 mm.
b 1 May be any value between 0.5mm and 1.5mm, for example, 0.5mm,0.6mm,0.7mm,0.8mm,0.9mm,1.0mm,1.1mm,1.2mm,1.3mm,1.4mm,1.5mm, etc.
When b 1 At < 0.5mm, the thicknesses of the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 are too small, and when the electrode assembly 2 is expanded, the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 are easily crushed; when b 1 At > 1.5mm, the thickness of the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 is large, the structural strength and rigidity are also large, and it is difficult to absorb the expansion of the electrode assembly 2, resulting in the inside of the electrode assembly 2Stress concentration is easy to generate, and a phenomenon of 'lithium precipitation' occurs, so that the cycle life is reduced. In this embodiment, b 1 Is set to 0.5mm to 1.5mm so that the structural strength and rigidity of the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 are moderate, and the electrode assembly 2 is allowed to expand without being crushed and ruptured by the electrode assembly 2.
c 1 And c 2 May be any value between 1.5mm and 4.0mm, for example, 1.5mm,1.6mm,1.7mm,1.8mm,1.9mm,2.0mm,2.1mm,2.2mm,2.4mm,2.6mm,2.8mm,3.0mm,3.2mm,3.5mm,3.8mm,4.0mm, etc.
When c 1 And c 2 When the thickness of the end cover 12 is smaller than 1.5mm, the residual thickness of the end cover 12 after long-term corrosion of the particles deposited on the end cover 12 is smaller, and when the electrode assembly 2 moves in the shell 1, the end cover 12 is difficult to resist the impact of the electrode assembly 2 and is easy to break; when c 1 And c 2 If the thickness of the end cover 12 is larger than 4mm, the volume energy density of the battery cell 10 is not improved, and the cost is high. In this embodiment, c 1 And c 2 The volume energy density of the battery cell 10 can be ensured while the capability of the end cover to resist the impact of the electrode assembly 2 can be ensured by setting the thickness to be 1.5 mm-4 mm.
In the case where the first wall 101, the second wall 102, the third wall 103, and the fourth wall 104 are integrally formed and serve as the case 11, and the fifth wall 105 and the sixth wall 106 serve as the end caps 12, respectively, the electrode terminals are provided in the end caps 12, and the electrode terminals are electrically connected to the electrode assembly 2. Further, it may be that the positive electrode terminal 121 is provided on one end cap 12, and the negative electrode terminal 122 is provided on the other end cap 12.
In the case where the first wall 101, the second wall 102, the third wall 103, and the fourth wall 104 are integrally formed to be provided as the case 11, and the fifth wall 105 and the sixth wall 106 are provided as the end caps 12, respectively, in order to further increase the volume ratio of the inner space of the case 1 and to increase the volumetric energy density of the battery cell 10, in some embodiments of the present application, (W 1 -2*a 1 )*(T 1 -2*b 1 )*(H 1 -2*c 1 )/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 )≥95％。
In some embodiments of the present application, W 1 、T 1 And H 1 The method meets the following conditions: t (T) 1 ＜W 1 ，T 1 ＜H 1 That is, the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 are two walls having the largest area of the housing 1.
In the present embodiment, the thickness of the battery cell 10 is smaller than the width and height of the battery cell 10, the battery cell 10 is flat, the battery assembly is flat, and the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 2 is the same as the thickness direction of the battery cell 10. For the laminated electrode assembly 2, the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 2 is the lamination direction of the electrode sheets. For the rolled electrode assembly 2, the body 21 of the electrode assembly 2 includes a flat region a, a first inflection region B1, and a second inflection region B2, and the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 2 is the lamination direction of the electrode sheets in the flat region a.
The thickness of the electrode assembly 2 cannot be too large whether it is a laminated electrode assembly or a wound electrode assembly, and the excessive thickness can cause that the heat of the inner pole piece cannot be timely diffused outwards, so that the temperature of the inner pole piece is too high, and thermal runaway is easily caused. Since the thickness of the electrode assembly 2 cannot be excessively large, the thickness of the battery cell 10 cannot be excessively large.
In the case of a battery cell 10 with a limited thickness, in order to enable a volume of the battery cell 10 of up to 3000cm 3 Above, in some embodiments of the present application, the width and height of the battery cell 10 are each equal to or greater than twice the thickness of the battery cell 10, i.e., W 1 /T 1 ≥2，H 1 /T 1 ≥2。
However, when the width of the battery cell 10 exceeds ten times the thickness, or when the height exceeds ten times the thickness, the battery cell 10 takes the form of a long and thin rectangular parallelepiped, and the overall rigidity of the battery cell 10 is insufficient and deformation easily occurs. To this end, in some embodiments of the present application, W 1 、T 1 And H 1 The method meets the following conditions: w is more than or equal to 2 1 /T 1 ≤10，2≤H 1 /T 1 And less than or equal to 10, so that the battery cell 10 has larger volume, and the overall rigidity of the battery cell 10 is ensured to be larger, and the deformation is not easy to occur.
In this applicationIn some embodiments, W 1 And H 1 The method meets the following conditions: w is more than or equal to 0.7 1 /H 1 ≤1.6。
When W is 1 /H 1 When < 0.7, the width of the battery cell 10 is much smaller than the height, and the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 are formed as narrow and long plates as the two walls with the largest area of the case 1, so that it is difficult to secure the structural strength and rigidity of the battery cell 10 in the width direction, and when the first wall 101 and/or the second wall 102 receive an external force in the width direction of the battery cell 10, the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 are easily deformed by buckling.
When W is 1 /H 1 At > 1.6, the width of the battery cell 10 is much larger than the height, and the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 are formed as narrow and long plates as the two walls with the largest area of the case 1, so that it is difficult to secure the structural strength and rigidity of the battery cell 10 in the height direction, and when the fifth wall 105 and/or the sixth wall 106 receive an external force in the height direction of the battery cell 10, the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104 are easily deformed by bending.
In the present embodiment, by connecting W 1 And H 1 The ratio of (2) is set between 0.7 and 1.6, so that the width and the height of the battery cell 10 are relatively close, the structural strength and the rigidity of the battery cell 10 in the width direction and the height direction are improved, and the possibility of deformation of the battery cell 10 is reduced.
W 1 /H 1 Any value between 0.7 and 1.6 is possible, for example 0.7,0.8,0.9,1.0,1.1,1.2,1.3,1.4,1.5,1.6.
In some embodiments of the present application, 40 mm.ltoreq.T 1 ≤150mm。
When T is 1 When less than 40mm, if it is to satisfy (T 1 -b)/T 1 96.5% or more, the value of b needs to be set small. However, when the value of b is too small, it is difficult to secure structural strength and rigidity of the third wall 103 and the fourth wall 104.
When T is 1 When the thickness of the electrode is more than 150mm, the heat dissipation path of the inner electrode plate of the electrode assembly 2 is too long, the heat of the inner electrode plate cannot be timely and outwards diffused, the temperature of the inner electrode plate is too high, and thermal runaway is easy to cause.
In the present embodiment, by combining T 1 The size of the inner space of the shell 1 in the thickness direction of the battery cell 10 can be increased by setting the size to be between 40mm and 150mm, the volume energy density of the battery cell 10 can be increased, and the heat dissipation timeliness of the inner pole piece of the electrode assembly 2 can be ensured.
In some embodiments of the present application, the height direction of the battery cell 10 is parallel to the gravity direction, the battery cell 10 includes an electrolyte, 120 mm.ltoreq.H 1 ≤400mm。
When H is 1 When less than 120mm, if the value of (H 1 -c)/H 1 96.5% or more, the value of c needs to be set small. However, if the value of c is too small, the fifth wall 105 and/or the sixth wall 106 are end caps, resulting in a small weld between the end caps and the case, and the weld strength is difficult to secure.
When H is 1 When the height of the battery cell 10 and the electrode assembly 2 is greater than 400mm, the height direction of the battery cell 10 is parallel to the gravity direction, the electrode assembly 2 is too high to enable electrolyte to hardly reach the top of the electrode assembly 2, the top of the electrode assembly 2 cannot be fully infiltrated by the electrolyte, the function cannot be realized, and the energy density of the battery cell 10 is reduced.
In the present embodiment, by combining H 1 The setting of 120 mm-400 mm can not only allow the size ratio of the inner space of the shell 1 in the height direction of the battery cell 10 to be increased and the volume energy density of the battery cell 10 to be increased, but also ensure that the top of the electrode assembly 2 can be fully infiltrated by electrolyte.
In some embodiments of the present application, 150 mm.ltoreq.W 1 ≤1500mm。
When W is 1 When less than 150mm, if it is to satisfy (W 1 -a)/W 1 Not less than 97.0%, the value of a needs to be set to be small. However, when the value of a is too small, it is difficult to secure structural strength and rigidity of the first wall 101 and the second wall 102; in addition, T is limited by heat dissipation of the electrode assembly 2 1 Cannot be too large and is limited by the wetting of the electrode assembly 2, H 1 Cannot be too large if T 1 Is also relatively small, the volume of the battery cell 10 is not less than 3000cm 3 It is difficult to secure the volumetric energy density of the battery cell 10.
When W is 1 At > 1500mm, due to T 1 And H 1 Limited, leading to W 1 And T is 1 Large phase difference, W 1 And H is 1 The difference is larger, so that the whole battery cell 10 is in a slender cuboid structure, and the structure strength and rigidity of the whole battery cell 10 are insufficient.
In the present embodiment, by connecting W 1 The size ratio of the inner space of the shell 1 in the width direction of the battery cell 10 can be increased by setting the size between 150mm and 1500mm, so that the volume energy density of the battery cell 10 can be increased, and the integral structural strength and rigidity of the battery cell 10 can be ensured.
In some embodiments of the present application, the battery cell 10 is a lithium ion battery, the positive active material of the battery cell 10 includes a lithium-containing phosphate, and the capacity of the battery cell 10 is C, satisfying: c is not less than 350Ah, C/((W) 1 -a)*(T 1 -b)*(H 1 -c)) is greater than or equal to 118Ah/L. As specific examples, the lithium-containing phosphate may include, but is not limited to, one or more of lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganese phosphate, lithium cobalt phosphate, lithium nickel phosphate.
In some embodiments of the present application, the positive electrode active material of the battery cell 10 includes lithium transition metal oxide, and the capacity of the battery cell 10 is C, satisfying: c is greater than or equal to 650Ah, C/((W) 1 -a)*(T 1 -b)*(H 1 -c)) is not less than 190Ah/L. As specific examples, the lithium transition metal oxide may include, but is not limited to, one or more of lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, lithium manganese oxide, lithium nickel cobalt oxide, lithium manganese cobalt oxide, lithium nickel manganese oxide, lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide.
In some embodiments of the present application, the battery cell 10 is a sodium ion battery, and the capacity of the battery cell 10 is C, satisfying: c is greater than or equal to 260Ah, C/((W) 1 -a)*(T 1 -b)*(H 1 -c))≥87Ah/L。
The embodiment of the application provides a battery 100, which includes a battery box 20 and the battery cell 10 provided in any one of the embodiments, where the battery cell 10 is accommodated in the battery box 20.
The embodiment of the application provides an electric device, which comprises the battery provided by any one of the embodiments.
The embodiment of the application provides an energy storage device 2000, including energy storage box 400 and the battery monomer 10 that any one of the above embodiments provided, energy storage box 400 includes battery compartment 401, and battery monomer 10 holds in battery compartment 401.
In some embodiments of the present application the sum of the volumes of the plurality of battery cells 10 is V 1 The volume of the battery compartment 401 is V 2 The method comprises the following steps: v is more than or equal to 0.5 1 /V 2 ≤0.95。
V 1 If the volumes of all the battery cells 10 in the battery compartment 401 are equal to the sum of the volumes of all the battery cells 10 in the battery compartment, then V 1 Is the product of the volume of each cell 10 and the number of cells 10. V (V) 2 The volume of the volume defined for the interior contour of the battery compartment 401. In the energy storage device 2000, V can be 1 /V 2 Defined as space utilization.
In the present embodiment, by defining the ratio of the sum of the volumes of the battery cells 10 to the volume of the battery compartment, i.e., V 1 /V 2 More than or equal to 0.5, thereby improving the space utilization of the energy storage device 2000, more battery cells 10 are arranged in the battery compartment 401 of the energy storage case 400, i.e., more energy supply structures are arranged in the unit space, thereby improving the energy density, thereby improving the capacity without expanding the occupied space.
In some embodiments of the present application, the ratio of the sum of the volumes of the plurality of battery cells 10 to the volume of the battery compartment 401 satisfies: v (V) 1 /V 2 ≥0.55。
In some embodiments of the present application, the ratio of the sum of the volumes of the plurality of battery cells 10 to the volume of the battery compartment 401 satisfies: v (V) 1 /V 2 ≥0.65。
In some embodiments of the present application, the ratio of the sum of the volumes of the plurality of battery cells 10 to the volume of the battery compartment 401 satisfies: v (V) 1 /V 2 ≥0.75。
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that V is due to the fact that other components used with the battery cell 10 occupy the interior space of the battery compartment, including the liquid cooling system, control system, wiring harness, etc 1 /V 2 Is typically 95%, i.e. V 1 /V 2 ≤95％。
It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (35)

1. A battery cell, comprising:
a housing having a rectangular parallelepiped shape, the housing having a dimension W in a first direction 1 The dimension of the shell in the second direction is T 1 The dimension of the shell in the third direction is H 1 The first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other;
At least one electrode assembly housed within the housing;
the housing comprises a first wall and a second wall which are oppositely arranged along the first direction, a third wall and a fourth wall which are oppositely arranged along the second direction, and a fifth wall and a sixth wall which are oppositely arranged along the third direction, wherein the sum of the thicknesses of the first wall and the second wall is a, the sum of the thicknesses of the third wall and the fourth wall is b, and the sum of the thicknesses of the fifth wall and the sixth wall is c, so that the following conditions are satisfied: (W) 1 -a)*(T 1 -b)*(H 1 -c)/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 )≥90％。
2. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein (W 1 -a)/W 1 ≥97.0％，(T 1 -b)/T 1 More than or equal to 96.5 percent, and (H) 1 -c)/H 1 ≥96.5％。
3. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein the housing comprises a shell and an end cap, the shell having an opening, the end cap covering the opening;
the shell comprises the first wall, the second wall, the third wall, the fourth wall and the fifth wall which are integrally formed, and the end cover is the sixth wall.
4. The battery cell of claim 3, further comprising a first insulator disposed between and in abutment with the fifth wall and the electrode assembly, and a second insulator; the second insulator is arranged between the sixth wall and the electrode assembly and is abutted against the sixth wall;
The maximum dimension of the first insulating member in the third direction is d 1 The second insulating member has a maximum dimension d in the third direction 2 The method comprises the following steps: (W) 1 -a-1.6mm)*(T 1 -b-1.6mm)*(H 1 -c-d 1 -d 2 )/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 )≥88％，0.3mm≤d 1 Less than or equal to 1.2mm, and less than or equal to 2mm d 2 ≤10mm。
5. The battery cell of claim 3 or 4, further comprising a first insulator disposed between and in abutment with the fifth wall and the electrode assembly, and a second insulator; the second insulator is arranged between the sixth wall and the electrode assembly and is abutted against the sixth wall;
the maximum dimension of the first insulating member in the third direction is d 1 The second insulating member has a maximum dimension d in the third direction 2 The method comprises the following steps: (W) 1 -a-4mm)*(T 1 -b-4mm)*(H 1 -c-d 1 -d 2 )/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 )≥85％，0.3mm≤d 1 Less than or equal to 1.2mm, and less than or equal to 2mm d 2 ≤10mm。
6. The battery cell according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the casing includes a housing having two openings oppositely disposed in the third direction, and two end caps respectively covering the openings of the corresponding sides;
the shell comprises a first wall, a second wall, a third wall and a fourth wall which are integrally formed, and the two end covers are the fifth wall and the sixth wall respectively.
7. The battery cell of claim 6, further comprising a third insulator disposed between and in abutment with the fifth wall and the electrode assembly, and a fourth insulator; the fourth insulator is arranged between the sixth wall and the electrode assembly and is abutted against the sixth wall;
the maximum dimension of the third insulating member in the third direction is d 3 The maximum dimension of the fourth insulating member in the third direction is d 4 The method comprises the following steps: (W) 1 -a-1.6mm)*(T 1 -b-1.6mm)*(H 1 -c-d 3 -d 4 )/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 )≥88％，2mm≤d 3 Less than or equal to 10mm, and less than or equal to 2mm and less than or equal to d 4 ≤10mm。
8. The battery cell of claim 6, further comprising a third insulator disposed between and in abutment with the fifth wall and the electrode assembly, and a fourth insulator; the fourth insulator is arranged between the sixth wall and the electrode assembly and is abutted against the sixth wall;
the maximum dimension of the third insulating member in the third direction isd 3 The maximum dimension of the fourth insulating member in the third direction is d 4 The method comprises the following steps: (W) 1 -a-4mm)*(T 1 -b-4mm)*(H 1 -c-d 3 -d 4 )/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 )≥85％，2mm≤d 3 Less than or equal to 10mm, and less than or equal to 2mm and less than or equal to d 4 ≤10mm。
9. The battery cell of any one of claims 1-4, wherein 3000cm 3 ≤W 1 *T 1 *H 1 ≤40000cm 3 。
10. The battery cell of claim 9, wherein 3200cm 3 ≤W 1 *T 1 *H 1 ≤32000cm 3 。
11. The battery cell of claim 10, wherein 3720cm 3 ≤W 1 *T 1 *H 1 ≤12500cm 3 。
12. The battery cell of claim 11, wherein 4000cm 3 ≤W 1 *T 1 *H 1 ≤6000cm 3 。
13. The battery cell of claim 9, wherein the electrode assembly includes a body and tabs extending from the body, the body being a flat body, the body having a largest dimension W in the first direction 2 The maximum dimension of the main body in the second direction is T 2 The maximum dimension of the main body in the third direction is H 2 The method comprises the following steps: (W) 2 *T 2 *H 2 )/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 )≥80％。
14. The battery cell of claim 13, wherein W 2 /(W 1 -a)≥91.5％，T 2 /(T 1 -b) is greater than or equal to 93.2%, and H 2 /(H 1 -c)≥94.0％。
15. The battery cell of claim 13, wherein the electrode assembly is a rolled configuration, the body including a flat region, a first inflection region, and a second inflection region, the first inflection region and the second inflection region being located at opposite ends of the flat region, respectively, along the first direction;
the first bending region comprises a plurality of first bending parts which are arranged in a stacked manner, and the distance between the inner side vertex of the first bending part of the innermost layer and the outer side vertex of the first bending part of the outermost layer in the plurality of first bending parts is W along the first direction 3 ；
The second bending region comprises a plurality of second bending parts which are arranged in a stacked manner, and the distance between the inner side vertex of the second bending part of the innermost layer and the outer side vertex of the second bending part of the outermost layer in the plurality of second bending parts is W along the first direction 4 ；
The method meets the following conditions: (W) 3 +W 4 )/W 2 ≤30％。
16. The battery cell of claim 13, wherein the first wall, the second wall, the third wall, the fourth wall, the fifth wall, and the sixth wall are all aluminum alloys.
17. The battery cell of claim 16, wherein the housing comprises a shell and an end cap, the shell having an opening, the end cap covering the opening, the end cap being welded to the shell;
the shell comprises the first wall, the second wall, the third wall, the fourth wall and the fifth wall which are integrally formed, and the end cover is the sixth wall;
the thickness of the first wall and the second wall is a 1 The thickness of the third wall and the fourth wall is b 1 The thickness of the fifth wall is c 1 The thickness of the sixth wall is c 2 The method comprises the following steps: c 2 ＞c 1 ，c 1 ＞a 1 ，c 1 ＞b 1 。
18. The battery cell of claim 17, wherein 0.5mm +.a 1 ≤1.5mm，0.5≤b 1 ≤1.5mm，1.0mm≤c 1 ≤2.5mm，1.5mm≤c 2 ≤4mm。
19. The battery cell of claim 17, wherein the battery cell comprises an electrode terminal disposed at the end cap or the fifth wall, the electrode terminal being electrically connected to the electrode assembly.
20. The battery cell of claim 17, wherein (W 1 -2*a 1 )*(T 1 -2*b 1 )*(H 1 -c 1 -c 2 )/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 )≥95％。
21. The battery cell of claim 16, wherein the housing comprises a shell having two openings disposed opposite each other in the third direction, and two end caps respectively covering the openings on the corresponding sides, the end caps being welded to the shell;
the shell comprises a first wall, a second wall, a third wall and a fourth wall which are integrally formed, and the two end covers are the fifth wall and the sixth wall respectively;
the thickness of the first wall and the second wall is a 1 The thickness of the third wall and the fourth wall is b 1 The thickness of the fifth wall is c 1 The thickness of the sixth wall is c 2 The method comprises the following steps: c 2 ＝c 1 ，c 1 ＞a 1 ，c 1 ＞b 1 。
22. Root of Chinese characterThe battery cell of claim 21, wherein 0.5mm +.a 1 ≤1.5mm，0.5≤b 1 ≤1.5mm，1.5mm≤c 2 ≤4mm。
23. The battery cell of claim 21, wherein the battery cell comprises an electrode terminal disposed at the end cap, the electrode terminal electrically connected to the electrode assembly.
24. The battery cell of claim 21, wherein (W 1 -2*a 1 )*(T 1 -2*b 1 )*(H 1 -2*c 1 )/(W 1 *T 1 *H 1 )≥95％。
25. The battery cell of claim 9, wherein T 1 ＜W 1 ，T 1 ＜H 1 ，2≤W 1 /T 1 ≤10，2≤H 1 /T 1 ≤10，0.7≤W 1 /H 1 ≤1.6。
26. The cell of claim 25, wherein 40mm +.t 1 ≤150mm。
27. The cell of claim 25, wherein the third direction is parallel to the direction of gravity, the cell comprising electrolyte, 120mm +.h 1 ≤400mm。
28. The battery cell of claim 25, wherein 150mm +.w +. 1 ≤1500mm。
29. The battery cell of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the battery cell has a capacity C that satisfies: c is not less than 350Ah, C/((W) 1 -a)*(T 1 -b)*(H 1 -c))≥118Ah/L。
30. The battery cell of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the battery cell has a capacity C that satisfies: c is greater than or equal to 650Ah, C/((W) 1 -a)*(T 1 -b)*(H 1 -c))≥190Ah/L。
31. The battery cell of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the battery cell is a sodium ion battery and the capacity of the battery cell is C, satisfying: c is greater than or equal to 260Ah, C/((W) 1 -a)*(T 1 -b)*(H 1 -c))≥87Ah/L。
32. A battery comprising a cell according to any one of claims 1-31.
33. An electrical device comprising the battery of claim 32, the battery being configured to provide electrical energy to the electrical device.
34. An energy storage device, comprising:
the energy storage box body is provided with a battery compartment;
a plurality of the battery cells of any one of claims 1-31, a plurality of the battery cells disposed within the battery compartment.
35. The energy storage device of claim 34, wherein said cells comprise electrode terminals disposed in said housing, the sum of the volumes of said housings of a plurality of said cells being V 1 The volume of the battery compartment is V 2 The method comprises the following steps: v is more than or equal to 0.5 1 /V 2 ≤0.95。
CN202321602756.4U 2023-06-21 2023-06-21 Battery monomer, battery, power utilization device and energy storage device Active CN220527038U (en)

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