Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the utility model are as follows: the existing gas circuit scheme of the breathing machine lacks monitoring on the flow or pressure inhaled and exhaled by a patient, and the gas actually breathed by the patient lacks direct data, so that the treatment effect is affected, and the electric control breathing machine is provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the utility model provides an electric control breathing machine which comprises a high-pressure oxygen branch, a low-pressure air branch, a shared air channel, an air inlet air channel and an air outlet air channel;
the air inlet end of the high-pressure oxygen branch is communicated with a high-pressure oxygen source;
the low-pressure air branch is communicated with a low-pressure air source;
the air inlet gas circuit comprises an air-oxygen mixing cavity, the air inlet end of the air-oxygen mixing cavity is respectively communicated with the air outlet end of the high-pressure oxygen branch circuit and the air outlet end of the low-pressure air, and the air outlet end of the air-oxygen mixing cavity is communicated with the common gas circuit;
one end of the shared gas path is communicated with the gas outlet end of the gas inlet gas path and the gas inlet end of the gas outlet gas path, and the other end of the shared gas path is communicated with the patient end;
the shared gas circuit comprises a far-end pressure gauge and a near-end pressure gauge, and the gas inlet end of the far-end pressure gauge is communicated with the gas outlet end of the air-oxygen mixing cavity so as to be used for monitoring the gas flow of the gas inlet gas circuit input into the patient end;
the proximal manometer is coupled to the air inlet of the patient end for monitoring the flow of air drawn in by the patient end.
Optionally, the air inlet air channel further comprises a mixed flowmeter and a main air channel one-way valve which are sequentially communicated along the air inlet direction; the air inlet end of the mixing flowmeter is communicated with the air-oxygen mixing cavity, and the air outlet end of the main air passage one-way valve is communicated with the common air passage.
Optionally, the air inlet path further comprises a temperature detector, an oxygen concentration detector and a pressure monitor, wherein an air inlet end of the temperature detector is communicated with an air outlet end of the air-oxygen mixing cavity so as to be used for monitoring the temperature of air-oxygen mixed gas; the air inlet end of the oxygen concentration detector is communicated with the air outlet end of the mixing flowmeter and is used for detecting the oxygen concentration of the air-oxygen mixed gas;
and the air inlet end of the pressure monitor is communicated with the air outlet end of the main air passage one-way valve and is used for monitoring the air pressure of the air inlet air passage.
Optionally, the air inlet air path further comprises an emergency suction valve and a safety valve, wherein the air inlet end of the emergency suction valve is communicated with the outside, and the air outlet end of the emergency suction valve is communicated with the mixing flowmeter; the air inlet end of the safety valve is communicated with the air outlet end of the mixing flowmeter, and the air outlet end of the safety valve is communicated with the outside.
Optionally, the high-pressure oxygen branch comprises an oxygen filter, an oxygen one-way valve, a pressure reducing valve, a proportional valve, an oxygen flowmeter and a non-return one-way valve which are sequentially communicated, the air inlet end of the oxygen filter is communicated with a high-pressure oxygen source, and the air outlet end of the non-return one-way valve is communicated with the air-oxygen mixing cavity; an oxygen pressure sensor and a pressure relief valve are arranged between the oxygen filter and the oxygen one-way valve, the oxygen pressure sensor is used for monitoring the air pressure of the air inlet end of the high-pressure oxygen branch, and the pressure relief valve is used for releasing high pressure to normal air pressure.
Optionally, the high-pressure oxygen branch further comprises a filter screen, wherein the air inlet end of the filter screen is communicated with the air outlet end of the proportional valve, and the air outlet end of the filter screen is communicated with the oxygen flow meter.
Optionally, the exhaust gas path includes a monitoring flow meter, a control valve, and an exhalation valve; the air inlet end of the monitoring flowmeter is communicated with the patient end, the air outlet end of the monitoring flowmeter is communicated with the air inlet end of the exhalation valve, and the air outlet end of the exhalation valve is communicated with the atmosphere; the air inlet end of the control valve is communicated with the air-oxygen mixing cavity, and the control valve is used for controlling the opening and closing of the exhalation valve.
Optionally, the low-pressure air branch comprises an air filter, a primary noise reduction device, a turbine fan and a secondary noise reduction device which are sequentially communicated, the air inlet end of the air filter is communicated with a low-pressure air source, and the air outlet end of the secondary noise reduction device is communicated with the air-oxygen mixing cavity; the turbine fan comprises a fan body, a temperature sensor and a cooling fan, wherein the temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature in the fan body; the cooling fan is arranged in the electric control breathing machine and is used for discharging hot air in the fan body out of the fan body.
Optionally, a zero calibration valve is respectively arranged at the air inlet end of the near-end pressure gauge, the air inlet end of the far-end pressure gauge and the air inlet end of the pressure monitor.
Optionally, the zero calibration valve is a two-position three-way valve.
According to the electric control breathing machine provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the pressure of gas inhaled and exhaled by a patient is monitored by the near-end pressure gauge and the far-end pressure gauge, the actual breathing quantity of the patient can be calculated through the pressure difference between the near-end pressure gauge and the far-end pressure gauge, the actual breathing quantity is used as one of physiological standards of the patient, and the treatment monitoring effect is improved.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects solved by the utility model more clear, the utility model is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model.
First embodiment
As shown in fig. 1, an electric control ventilator according to a first embodiment of the present utility model includes a high-pressure oxygen branch, a low-pressure air branch, an air intake path, a common branch, and an air exhaust path. The air inlet end of the high-pressure oxygen branch is communicated with a high-pressure oxygen source 1. The low-pressure air branch comprises an air filter 10, a primary noise reduction device 12, a turbine fan 13 and a secondary noise reduction device 14 which are sequentially communicated along the air inlet direction, and the air inlet end of the air filter 10 is communicated with a low-pressure air source. The air inlet path comprises an air-oxygen mixing cavity 26, wherein a low-pressure air branch and a high-pressure oxygen branch are converged in the air-oxygen mixing cavity 26, so that air and oxygen are mixed in the air-oxygen mixing cavity 26, then enter the air inlet path, enter a patient end through a shared branch, and exhaust gas is discharged to an exhaust path through the shared branch after the patient breathes.
In this embodiment, the common air path includes a distal pressure gauge and a proximal pressure gauge, the air inlet end of the air-oxygen mixing chamber 26 is respectively connected to the air outlet end of the high-pressure oxygen branch and the air outlet end of the secondary noise reduction 14, and the air outlet end of the air-oxygen mixing chamber 26 is connected to the patient end. The air inlet end of the remote pressure gauge in this embodiment is connected to the air outlet end of the air-oxygen mixing chamber 26, so as to monitor the pressure of the air input into the patient end of the air inlet path. A distal pressure gauge is provided on the tubing remote from the patient end to monitor the gas pressure thereat. And the pressure difference between the near-end pressure gauge and the far-end pressure gauge can calculate the breathing air inflow of the patient through a differential pressure method so as to judge the breathing state of the patient.
Furthermore, the primary noise reduction 12 in this embodiment may include three independent noise reduction devices to form three-stage noise reduction, the secondary noise reduction 14 includes one independent noise reduction device, and finally the primary noise reduction 12 and the secondary noise reduction 14 form four-stage noise reduction to reduce noise of the turbo fan 13.
In this embodiment, the air inlet channel further includes a mixing flowmeter 16 and a main air channel check valve 20 that are sequentially connected along the air inlet direction; the air inlet end of the mixing flowmeter 16 is communicated with the air-oxygen mixing cavity 26, and the air outlet end of the main air passage check valve 20 is communicated with a common air passage. The flow of the mixed gas is monitored by the mixing flow meter 16 at a first time to prevent excessive or insufficient flow. The action of the main air path check valve 20 prevents the patient side air from flowing back into the air-oxygen mixing chamber 26.
In this embodiment, the air inlet circuit further includes a temperature detector 11, an oxygen concentration detector 18, and a pressure monitor 22, where an air inlet end of the temperature detector 11 is connected to an air outlet end of the air-oxygen mixing chamber 26 for monitoring a temperature of the air-oxygen mixed gas. The air inlet end of the oxygen concentration detector 18 is connected to the air outlet end of the mixing flowmeter 16 for detecting the oxygen concentration of the air-oxygen mixed gas, and the oxygen concentration detector 18 in this embodiment is an oxygen battery. The air inlet end of the pressure monitor 22 is communicated with the air outlet end of the one-way valve, so as to be used for monitoring the air pressure of the air inlet channel.
In this embodiment, the air inlet path further includes an emergency suction valve 17 and a safety valve 19, an air inlet end of the emergency suction valve 17 is communicated with the outside, an air outlet end of the emergency suction valve 17 is communicated with the mixing flowmeter 16, the emergency suction valve 17 is provided with a standby valve, when any one of low-pressure air and high-pressure oxygen is in a problem state, normal patient breathing is affected, the emergency suction valve 17 is opened, and air enters the main air inlet pipeline from the emergency suction valve 17 to be used as a normal work of the breathing machine. The air inlet end of the safety valve 19 is communicated with the air outlet end of the mixing flowmeter 16, the air outlet end of the safety valve 19 is communicated with the outside, and when the air pressure of the air inlet air path is overlarge, part of air is discharged by the safety valve 19 to reduce the air pressure in the air path, so that the air pressure at the air path is in a normal working state.
In this embodiment, the high-pressure oxygen branch includes an oxygen filter 2, an oxygen one-way valve 5, a pressure reducing valve 6, a proportional valve 7, an oxygen flowmeter 9 and a check valve 15 that are sequentially communicated, an air inlet end of the oxygen filter 2 is communicated with the high-pressure oxygen source 1, and an air outlet end of the check valve 15 is communicated with the air-oxygen mixing cavity 26; an oxygen pressure sensor 3 and a pressure relief valve 4 are arranged between the oxygen filter 2 and the oxygen one-way valve 5, the oxygen pressure sensor 3 is used for detecting the pressure of the air inlet end of the high-pressure oxygen branch, and the pressure relief valve 4 is used for discharging the high-pressure air at the position to normal pressure.
In this embodiment, the high-pressure oxygen branch further includes a filter screen 8, an air inlet end of the filter screen 8 is connected with an air outlet end of the proportional valve 7, an air outlet end of the filter screen 8 is connected with the oxygen flowmeter 9, after the high-pressure oxygen passes through the proportional valve 7, the airflow is disturbed, if the disturbed airflow directly flows into the oxygen flowmeter 9, the influence on the actual detection value of the flowmeter is greater, and the effect of the filter screen 8 is to comb the disturbed airflow, so that the steady flow effect is achieved.
In this embodiment, the exhaust gas path includes a monitoring flow meter 23, a control valve 24, and an exhalation valve 25; the air inlet end of the monitoring flowmeter 23 is communicated with the patient end, the air outlet end of the monitoring flowmeter 23 is communicated with the air inlet end of the exhalation valve 25, and the air outlet end of the exhalation valve 25 is communicated with the atmosphere. The air inlet end of the control valve 24 is communicated with the air-oxygen mixing cavity 26, the control valve 24 is used for controlling the opening and closing of the exhalation valve 25, the type of the control valve 24 is a proportional valve 7, the control valve 24 flows in mixed gas to adjust the opening degree of the control valve 24, so that the pressure in a valve sealing cavity of the exhalation valve 25 is changed, the pressure acts on a diaphragm of the exhalation valve 25, and an exhaust gap between the diaphragm of the exhalation valve 25 and a valve port of a valve core is controlled. The gas exhaled by the patient exits the machine from the exhalation valve 25 via the exhalation line to the exhalation port.
More specifically, the exhaust air path and the intake air path in this embodiment share one monitoring flowmeter 23, that is, the side of the exhaust air path and the intake air path, which is close to the breathing of the patient, overlap, share the same pipeline, the monitoring flowmeter 23 is disposed on the overlapping pipeline, the side, far away from the patient end, of the monitoring flowmeter 23 is connected to the distal pressure gauge, and the side, close to the patient end, of the monitoring flowmeter 23 is connected to the proximal pressure gauge. Thus, in theory of this embodiment, both the inhaled gas of the patient and the exhaled gas of the patient can be monitored, so that the inhaled air quantity of the patient is known.
In this embodiment, the turbo fan 13 includes a fan body, a temperature sensor for monitoring a temperature in the fan body, and a radiator fan; the cooling fan is arranged in the electric control breathing machine and is used for discharging hot air in the fan body out of the fan body. The turbine is likely to have ultrahigh temperature, and the working temperature of the turbine fan 13 directly influences the service life, so that the working temperature of the turbine fan 13 is monitored through a temperature sensor in the turbine, if the temperature exceeds the standard, the turbine stops working to protect the turbine fan 13, two cooling fans are arranged in the electric control breathing machine, and the cooling of the turbine fan 13 is realized through cooling air. While the heat of the turbine is transferred to the mixed gas by the machine.
In this embodiment, the air inlet end of the near-end pressure gauge, the air inlet end of the far-end pressure gauge and the air inlet end of the pressure monitor 22 are respectively communicated with a zero-calibrating valve 21, wherein the zero-calibrating valve 21 is a two-position three-way valve, and three passages of the zero-calibrating valve at the pressure monitor 22 are respectively communicated with the pressure monitor 22, the atmosphere and the main gas circuit check valve; the three passages of the zeroing valve at the proximal manometer are connected to the atmosphere, the proximal manometer and the monitoring flow meter 23, respectively, and likewise the distal one. Taking the near-end pressure gauge as an example, when the near-end pressure gauge needs to be calibrated, the zero-calibrating valve is communicated with the passage of the monitoring flowmeter 23 and is closed, the zero-calibrating valve is communicated with the atmosphere, at the moment, the near-end pressure gauge is communicated with the atmosphere, zero calibration is started, after the calibration is completed, the zero-calibrating valve is communicated with the passage of the atmosphere, and the zero-calibrating valve is communicated with the passage of the monitoring flowmeter 23 and is opened.
Second embodiment
The electric control ventilator according to the second embodiment of the present utility model is different from the first embodiment in that in this embodiment, an air sensor is further disposed at the air inlet for monitoring the pressure or flow of air entering the low-pressure air branch, and if the pressure or flow of air is lower than the expected value, it indicates whether the air filter 10 at the air inlet is blocked, so as to remind the personnel of cleaning.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the utility model is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the utility model.