CN220491970U - Single battery and battery module - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a power battery technical field provides a battery cell and battery module, according to the battery cell that this application provided, utilize the cooling medium that the cooling member inside held to reduce the inside temperature of battery cell, when the accommodation space temperature of the inside of battery cell risees and reaches the temperature of predetermineeing, release portion can release cooling medium in to the accommodation space, avoid the inside temperature of battery cell to rise sharply, thereby be favorable to reducing the inside temperature of battery cell fast, delay the spread of the inside heat of battery cell, be favorable to preventing that the battery cell from appearing thermal runaway.

Description

Single battery and battery module

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of power batteries, in particular to a single battery and a battery module.

Background

In the continuous reciprocating charge and discharge process, a large amount of heat is generated in the battery, the temperature of the battery is suddenly increased due to continuous accumulation, and thermal runaway safety accidents such as fire and explosion of the battery can occur, so that life threat and property loss are caused.

The outer surface of the shell of the battery cell forms a protruding part and a flat part, the relative position between the battery cells is maintained, the battery cells are prevented from moving, meanwhile, the outer surface of the shell is arranged into a hollow pipeline structure, cooling liquid can flow in the hollow pipeline, and the cooling of the battery cells is accelerated to prevent thermal runaway. This approach can only serve to cool the cells, and once some thermal runaway inevitably occurs, it is difficult to prevent further propagation after such thermal runaway occurs.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present application provides a single battery and a battery module, and aims to solve the above technical problems.

According to a first aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a single battery including:

a housing including a housing body and a cooling member connected to each other, a plurality of accommodation spaces being defined by the housing body and the cooling member together;

the plurality of winding cores are arranged in the plurality of accommodating spaces;

wherein the cooling member is at least partially disposed between an adjacent pair of the winding cores of the plurality of winding cores, the cooling member comprising a body including a cooling space for accommodating a cooling medium;

wherein, the cooling member further includes a release portion provided to the main body, the release portion being for releasing the cooling medium when the accommodating space reaches a preset temperature.

Preferably, the case body includes a first case portion and a second case portion along a first direction, the cooling member is disposed between the first case portion and the second case portion, and the first case portion, the second case portion, and the cooling member are connected to each other to form the plurality of accommodation spaces;

the cooling member has a first side wall facing the accommodation space and a second side wall facing the outside, the first side wall being disposed opposite to the second side wall in a first direction;

wherein, the first lateral wall and the second lateral wall are both provided with a plurality of the release parts.

Preferably, the cooling member further comprises a cooling inlet and a cooling outlet, both communicating with the cooling space, the cooling inlet for the cooling medium to flow into the cooling space and the cooling outlet for the cooling medium to flow out of the cooling space.

Preferably, the case body is integrally formed with the cooling member.

Preferably, the main body of the cooling member includes a first extension portion and a second extension portion connected to each other, the first extension portion and the second extension portion being perpendicular to each other, the first extension portion being disposed between an adjacent pair of the winding cores, and the second extension portion being disposed at the bottom of the winding cores.

Preferably, the first side wall is provided with a plurality of through holes for communicating the cooling space with the accommodating space, and/or the second side wall is provided with a plurality of through holes for communicating the cooling space with the outside, the through holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the release portions, and each through hole is closed by the corresponding release portion.

Preferably, the thickness of the plurality of release portions disposed on the first side wall is smaller than the thickness of the first side wall, and the thickness of the plurality of release portions disposed on the second side wall is smaller than the thickness of the second side wall.

Preferably, the release portion is a phase change structure.

According to a second aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a battery module including the unit cell as described above.

Preferably, the battery module further comprises a case and a plurality of unit batteries arranged in the case.

According to the battery cell that this application provided, utilize the cooling medium that cooling member inside held to reduce the inside temperature of battery cell, when the accommodation space temperature of battery cell's inside risees and reaches the temperature of predetermineeing, release portion can release cooling medium in to the accommodation space, avoids the inside temperature of battery cell to rise sharply to be favorable to reducing the inside temperature of battery cell fast, delay the spread of the inside heat of battery, be favorable to preventing that battery cell from appearing thermal runaway.

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered limiting the scope, and that other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an isometric view of a single cell provided according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic view showing an internal structure of a unit cell provided according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a further schematic view showing an internal structure of a unit cell provided according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an arrangement of unit cells of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic view illustrating a cell arrangement of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals:

100-a housing; 110-a shell body; 111-accommodation space; 200-winding the core; 300-cooling a component; 310-body; 311-a first sidewall; 312-a second sidewall; 313-a first extension; 314-a second extension; 320-a release portion; 400-top cover; 500-a first pole; 600-second pole; 700-explosion-proof valve; x-a first direction; y-second direction.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the utility model are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present disclosure.

In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present application and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific context.

In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be regarded as not exist and not within the protection scope of the present application.

According to a first aspect of embodiments of the present application, a battery cell is provided, and a structure and an operation principle of the battery cell will be specifically described below with reference to fig. 1 to 5.

In an embodiment, a battery cell according to a first aspect of the present application includes a housing 100, a plurality of winding cores 200, and a cooling member 300. In an embodiment, the case 100 includes a case body 110 and a cooling member 300 connected to each other, and a plurality of receiving spaces 111 are defined by the case body 110 and the cooling member 300 together. The plurality of winding cores 200 are disposed in the plurality of receiving spaces 111. Wherein the cooling member 300 is at least partially disposed between adjacent pairs of winding cores 200 of the plurality of winding cores 200, the cooling member 300 includes a body 310, and the body 310 includes a cooling space for accommodating a cooling medium. Wherein, in the embodiment, the cooling member 300 further includes a releasing portion 320 provided to the main body 310, the releasing portion 320 being for releasing the cooling medium when the accommodating space 111 reaches a preset temperature.

Therefore, according to the single battery provided in the embodiment of the application, the cooling medium contained in the cooling member is utilized to reduce the temperature of the inside of the single battery, when the temperature of the containing space in the single battery is increased to reach the preset temperature, the releasing part 320 can release the cooling medium into the containing space, so that the internal temperature of the single battery is prevented from rising sharply, the internal temperature of the single battery is reduced rapidly, the spread of the internal heat of the battery is delayed, and the thermal runaway of the single battery is prevented.

In an embodiment, the case body 110 may be, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped or a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. For example, the case body 110 may be a bottomless or capless case member. In an embodiment, taking a bottomless case member as an example, a portion of the cooling member 300 may include a bottom plate for functioning as the case member, and then, on a side of a portion of the cooling member 300 functioning as the bottom plate of the case member facing the inside of the case member (hereinafter referred to as a bottom plate inside), a space for partitioning the inside of the case member may be provided to form a partition portion of the above-described accommodation space 111. In an embodiment, the partition portion may extend between the inner side of the bottom plate and the inner side of the top of the cartridge member, and in the case where one partition portion is provided, for example, a plate-like partition portion, the partition portion partitions the space in the cartridge member into two, that is, two accommodation spaces 111 are formed, and the above-described winding core 200 is provided in each accommodation space 111.

In the embodiment, "the plurality of winding cores 200 are disposed in the plurality of receiving spaces 111" should be understood to include the following meanings: the winding cores 200 are disposed in each accommodation space 111, however, the number of winding cores 200 disposed in different accommodation spaces 111 may be the same or different. For example, the same number of winding cores 200 may be provided in each accommodation space 111, for example, two winding cores 200 are provided in each accommodation space 111 as in the example given in fig. 2 of the present embodiment. Alternatively, the accommodating spaces 111 and the winding cores 200 may be disposed in a one-to-one correspondence, for example, one winding core 200 is disposed in each accommodating space 111. In the case where the same number of winding cores 200 are provided in each accommodation space 111, the above-described partition portion may distribute the space in the cartridge member in a uniform manner, i.e., each accommodation space 111 has the same or substantially the same volume.

Alternatively, in an embodiment, more winding cores 200 may be accommodated in some accommodation spaces 111 relative to the remaining accommodation spaces 111, in which case the accommodation spaces 111 accommodating more winding cores 200 may obtain a larger volume than the remaining accommodation spaces 111 via the separation of the separation portions.

Although an example in which one partition portion is provided is given in the above example, it is not limited thereto, and alternatively, the partition portion may be provided in a larger number, for example, two, three, or even more, to partition the inner space of the cartridge member into more accommodation spaces 111. Further, in the embodiment, the bottom plate of the cartridge member, that is, the portion of the cooling member 300 serving as the bottom plate of the cartridge member and the partition portion may be hollow and internally contain the cooling medium, thereby facilitating the reduction of the internal temperature of the unit cells.

Alternatively, the cooling member 300 may be formed of only the above partition portion, provided inside the cartridge member capable of forming a closed inner space, to partition the accommodating space 111. Furthermore, the cooling member 300 may also be used to act as one or more sides of the cartridge member.

According to the unit battery provided in the embodiment of the application, along the first direction X (e.g., the width direction of the unit battery), the case body 110 includes a first case portion and a second case portion, the cooling member 300 is disposed between the first case portion and the second case portion, and the first case portion, the second case portion, and the cooling member 300 are connected to each other to form the plurality of accommodating spaces 111. Here, in the embodiment, the first housing part has an internal space of one accommodation space 111, and the second housing part has an internal space of the other accommodation space 111.

In the embodiment, the cooling member 300 has two first side walls 311 disposed opposite to each other in the first direction X and two second side walls 312 disposed opposite to each other in the second direction Y (for example, the length direction of the unit cells, that is, the first direction X may be perpendicular to the second direction Y), the first side walls 311 facing the accommodation space 111 (that is, each first side wall 311 facing the accommodation space 111 on the side of the first side wall 311), and the second side walls 312 (that is, each second side wall 312 facing the accommodation space 111 on the side of the first side wall 311) facing the outside. Wherein, the first sidewall 311 and the second sidewall 312 are provided with a plurality of releasing portions 320.

In the embodiment, the release portion 320 provided on each first sidewall 311 serves to release the cooling medium into the battery cell, and the release portion 320 provided on each second sidewall 312 serves to release the cooling medium out of the battery cell. Therefore, when the thermal runaway occurs in the portion of the battery module where the unit cell is located at the release portion 320 provided on each second sidewall 312, and the rapid temperature rise occurs, the cooling medium can be released outwardly from the release portion 320 on the second sidewall 312 of the unit cell, so that the thermal runaway in the portion of the battery module is controlled, which is advantageous in preventing the thermal runaway from further spreading.

According to the unit battery provided in the embodiment of the present application, the cooling member 300 may further include a cooling inlet and a cooling outlet, both of which may be in communication with the cooling space, the cooling inlet may allow the cooling medium to flow into the cooling space, and the cooling outlet may allow the cooling medium to flow out of the cooling space. That is, according to the unit cell provided in the embodiment of the present application, the cooling medium in the cooling member 300 is circulated by using the cooling inlet and the cooling outlet, so that the unit cell can obtain a better cooling effect. In addition, when the release portion 320 releases the cooling medium to the outside of the cooling member 300, the cooling medium flowing into the cooling member 300 through the cooling inlet can be continuously released from the release portion 320, thereby further serving to alleviate the thermal runaway condition of the unit cells and the battery module.

According to the single battery provided by the embodiment of the application, the shell body 110 and the cooling member 300 can be integrally formed, which is beneficial to improving the cooling effect of the cooling member 300 on the single battery.

According to the unit cell provided in the embodiment of the present application, the body 310 of the cooling member 300 may include a first extension portion 313 and a second extension portion 314 connected to each other, the first extension portion 313 and the second extension portion 314 may be perpendicular to each other, the first extension portion 313 may be disposed between the adjacent pair of winding cores 200, and the second extension portion 314 may be disposed at the bottom of the winding cores 200.

In the embodiment, the first extension 313 here is the partition portion mentioned in the above description, and the second extension 314 is the portion of the cooling member 300 mentioned in the above description for serving as the floor of the box member. In an embodiment, the first extension portion 313 and the second extension portion 314 may each be formed in a plate-like structure, and in an embodiment, the first sidewall 311 and the second sidewall 312 are both side portions of the first extension portion 313. As an example, in an embodiment, the release portions 320 may be arranged in an array on the first sidewall 311, and the release portions 320 may be arranged in a column along the vertical direction on the second sidewall 312.

According to the single battery provided in the embodiment of the application, the first side wall 311 is provided with a plurality of through holes for communicating the cooling space with the accommodating space 111, and/or the second side wall 312 is provided with a plurality of through holes for communicating the cooling space with the outside, the plurality of through holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the release portions 320, and each through hole is closed by the corresponding release portion 320.

According to the single battery provided by the embodiment of the application, through the through hole, the cooling medium in the cooling space can be outwards released through the through hole, the corresponding through hole is closed through the release part 320, when the preset temperature is not reached, the cooling medium cannot flow out from the through hole, and once the preset temperature is reached, the release part 320 can open the through hole, so that the cooling medium is released. In an embodiment, the through hole and the release portion 320 may be provided on the first sidewall 311, or the through hole and the release portion 320 may be provided on the second sidewall 312, or both the first sidewall 311 and the second sidewall 312 may be provided with the through hole and the release portion 320. In embodiments, the shape of the through holes may be, but is not limited to, circular, square, rectangular, hexagonal, etc.

According to the single battery provided in the embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the plurality of release portions 320 disposed on the first sidewall 311 is smaller than the wall thickness of the first sidewall 311, and the thickness of the plurality of release portions 320 disposed on the second sidewall 312 is smaller than the thickness of the second sidewall 312. In an embodiment, the release portion 320 may be provided as a weak portion having a small thickness, which may be configured such that the release portion 320 may be flushed away to release the cooling medium outward by increasing the delivery pressure of the cooling medium, for example, when the temperature of the unit cell reaches a predetermined temperature.

According to the single battery provided in the embodiments of the present application, the release portion 320 is a phase change structure. In an embodiment, the releasing portion 320 may be formed of a phase change material, and the phase change material may be a low temperature-solid phase change material, and the solid material is converted into a gas at 100-150 ℃, so that the phase change material can absorb heat generated in the single battery and the battery module at the same time, and meanwhile, the flame retardant in the cooling mechanism is sprayed out to cool the single battery and the battery module, so as to prevent thermal diffusion in the single battery and the battery module. In an embodiment, the phase change material may be melted at a slightly higher temperature to be connected with the edge of the through hole on the cooling member 300 and may be adhered by a high temperature glue. Thus, in an embodiment, the predetermined temperature may be a temperature at which the phase change material undergoes a phase change, e.g. 100 ℃.

In addition, in the embodiment, the cooling medium may be, for example, a flame retardant, wherein the type of the flame retardant is selected from halogen compounds and phosphorus-containing flame retardants, the halogen compounds are decomposed when being heated by fire, the decomposed halogen ions generate halides, the halides reduce the concentration of burning substances, the burning speed is slowed down, the phosphorus-containing flame retardants have the functions of forming metaphosphoric acid when burning, and the metaphosphoric acid is polymerized into a very stable polymer state to isolate oxygen, so that the reaction rate of burning is reduced. Common halogen compounds such as methylene chloride, carbon tetrachloride, phosphorus-containing flame retardants such as dimethyl methylphosphonate, trichloroethyl phosphate.

In addition, the single battery provided in the embodiment of the application further includes a top cover 400, and a first pole 500, a second pole 600 and an explosion-proof valve 700 disposed on the top cover 400.

According to the second aspect of the embodiment of the application, a battery module is provided, the battery module comprises the single battery, the battery module further comprises a box body and a plurality of single batteries arranged inside the box body, the beneficial effects are also included, and the details are not repeated here.

The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, but rather, the present application is intended to cover any variations of the equivalent structures described herein or shown in the drawings, or the direct/indirect application of the present application to other related technical fields.

Claims (10)

1. A single cell, characterized in that the single cell comprises:

a housing (100), the housing (100) comprising a housing body (110) and a cooling member (300) connected to each other, a plurality of accommodation spaces (111) being defined by the housing body (110) and the cooling member (300) together;

a plurality of winding cores (200), wherein the winding cores (200) are arranged in the accommodating spaces (111);

wherein the cooling member (300) is at least partially disposed between an adjacent pair of the winding cores (200) of the plurality of winding cores (200), the cooling member (300) comprising a main body (310), the main body (310) comprising a cooling space for accommodating a cooling medium;

wherein the cooling member (300) further comprises a release portion (320) provided to the main body (310), the release portion (320) being configured to release the cooling medium when the accommodating space (111) reaches a preset temperature.

2. The unit cell according to claim 1, wherein the case body includes a first case portion and a second case portion along a first direction (X), the cooling member is disposed between the first case portion and the second case portion, and the first case portion, the second case portion, and the cooling member are connected to each other to form the plurality of accommodation spaces;

the cooling member has a first side wall (311) disposed opposite in a first direction (X) and a second side wall (312) disposed opposite in a second direction (Y), the first side wall (311) facing the accommodation space, the second side wall (312) facing the outside;

wherein a plurality of the release portions (320) are provided on each of the first side wall (311) and the second side wall (312).

3. The unit cell according to claim 1, wherein the cooling member (300) further comprises a cooling inlet and a cooling outlet, both of which communicate with the cooling space, the cooling inlet being for the cooling medium to flow into the cooling space, the cooling outlet being for the cooling medium to flow out of the cooling space.

4. The unit cell according to claim 1, wherein the case body (110) is integrally formed with the cooling member (300).

5. The unit cell according to claim 2, wherein the main body (310) of the cooling member (300) includes a first extension (313) and a second extension (314) connected to each other, the first extension and the second extension being perpendicular to each other, the first extension being disposed between an adjacent pair of the winding cores, and the second extension being disposed at the bottom of the winding cores.

6. The unit cell according to claim 2, characterized in that a plurality of through holes communicating the cooling space and the accommodating space are provided in the first side wall (311), and/or a plurality of through holes communicating the cooling space and the outside are provided in the second side wall (312), the through holes being provided in one-to-one correspondence with the release portions (320), each of the through holes being closed by the corresponding release portion (320).

7. The unit cell according to claim 6, wherein the thickness of the plurality of release portions provided on the first side wall (311) is smaller than the thickness of the first side wall (311), and the thickness of the plurality of release portions provided on the second side wall (312) is smaller than the thickness of the second side wall (312).

8. The unit cell according to claim 6, wherein said release portion (320) is a phase change structure.

9. A battery module, characterized in that the battery module includes the unit cell according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The battery module of claim 9, further comprising a case and a plurality of the unit cells disposed inside the case.