CN220470039U

CN220470039U - Thermodynamic device and thermodynamic power generation system

Info

Publication number: CN220470039U
Application number: CN202322196169.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张恒瑞
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2023-08-15
Filing date: 2023-08-15
Publication date: 2024-02-09
Anticipated expiration: 2033-08-15

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of heat power, and provides heat power equipment and a heat power generation system. When the thermal power equipment operates, the air is sucked from the air inlet end of the air inlet cover of the air compressor by the impeller of the air compressor and is pressed into the front air collecting cavity along the diffusion channel, and the air is compressed in the process that the air flows to the large-size end along the small-size end, so that the pressure of the air is increased; in the process that air flows to the small-size end along the large-size end of the rear rectifying component, the distance between the shell and the rear rectifying component is increased, and high-temperature and high-pressure gas expands in the rear gas collection cavity and then impacts the turbine to rotate, wherein work done on the turbine after the high-temperature and high-pressure gas expands is larger than work done on air compression by the compressor impeller.

Description

Thermodynamic device and thermodynamic power generation system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of heat power, in particular to heat power equipment and a heat power generation system.

Background

External combustion type or waste heat recovery type thermodynamic equipment based on Brayton cycle such as an external combustion type gas turbine can directly adopt air as working medium, the air is compressed by a gas compressor, absorbs heat and heats up in a working medium heating device, then enters the turbine for expansion work, and the mechanical work drives the gas compressor and load equipment in turn. The thermodynamic equipment is simple in design, and the working medium is directly from the atmosphere and discharged into the atmosphere, so that the reliability and the stability are good. However, most of external combustion type or waste heat recovery type thermal power equipment based on brayton cycle such as external combustion type gas turbine in the related art at present has an air inlet volute and an air outlet volute, the structure of the volute is complex, the difficulty of production and assembly is high, the utilization rate of the internal space of the equipment main body is low, and the production and assembly are inconvenient.

Disclosure of Invention

The present utility model is directed to solving at least one of the technical problems existing in the related art. Therefore, the utility model provides the thermal power equipment, the front rectifying component and the rear rectifying component are arranged in the shell, the front air collecting cavity is formed between the shell and the front rectifying component, the rear air collecting cavity is formed between the shell and the rear rectifying component, the front air collecting cavity and the rear air collecting cavity exert the functions of pressurizing and depressurizing expansion, the volute structure is not required to be arranged, the structure of the thermal power equipment is more simplified, and the difficulty of production and assembly is reduced.

The embodiment of the utility model also provides a thermodynamic power generation system.

According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present utility model, there is provided a thermodynamic apparatus comprising:

the compressor impeller and the turbine are connected through a connecting shaft, and a shaft sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the connecting shaft;

the diffuser comprises a first base body, wherein the first base body is connected to one end of the shaft sleeve, which is close to the compressor impeller;

the guide device comprises a second base body, wherein the second base body is connected to one end of the shaft sleeve, which is close to the turbine;

the shell is of a cylindrical structure with two through ends, an inlet and an outlet are formed in the shell, the diffuser and the guide are arranged in the shell and are both connected to the inner wall of the shell, the compressor impeller is arranged at the outer side of the inlet, and the turbine is arranged at the outer side of the outlet;

the annular shell of the air inlet cover of the air compressor is wrapped on the outer side of the impeller of the air compressor in a non-contact mode except for an air inlet of the air inlet cover of the air compressor;

the front rectifying component is of a gradually-expanding cylindrical structure and sleeved on the outer side of the shaft sleeve, the small-size end of the front rectifying component is connected with the first base body, the large-size end of the front rectifying component is annularly connected with the inner wall of the shell, a front gas collecting cavity is formed between the front rectifying component and the inner wall of the shell, the shell is provided with a gas outlet, the outer side of the shell is communicated with the front gas collecting cavity, and a diffusion channel, the outer side of the shell inlet of which is communicated with the front gas collecting cavity, is arranged on the diffuser;

The rear rectifying component is of a gradually-expanded cylindrical structure, the rear rectifying component is sleeved on the outer side of the shaft sleeve, the small-size end of the rear rectifying component is connected to the second base body, the large-size end of the rear rectifying component is connected to the inner wall of the shell in an annular mode, a rear gas collecting cavity is formed between the rear rectifying component and the inner wall of the shell, the shell is provided with a gas inlet which is communicated with the rear gas collecting cavity outside the shell, and a guide channel which is communicated with the rear gas collecting cavity outside the shell outlet is arranged on the guide.

According to one embodiment of the utility model, the small-size ends of the tubular structures where the front rectifying component and the rear rectifying component diverge transition from a linear to a large-size end;

or the small-size end of the tubular structure gradually expanded by the front rectifying component and the rear rectifying component is transited to the large-size end along a curved surface which is sunken relative to the central axis of the connecting shaft;

or the small-size end of the tubular structure gradually expanded by the front rectifying component and the rear rectifying component is transited to the large-size end along the curved surface protruding relative to the central axis of the connecting shaft.

According to one embodiment of the utility model, a first annular groove is formed in one side, facing the front rectifying component, of the first base body, a first annular protrusion is formed at the small-size end of the front rectifying component, and the first annular protrusion is embedded in the first annular groove;

And/or, one side of the second basal body facing the rear rectifying component is provided with a second annular groove, the small-size end of the rear rectifying component is provided with a second annular bulge, and the second annular bulge is embedded in the second annular groove.

According to one embodiment of the utility model, a third annular protrusion is arranged at the large-size end of the front rectifying component, a third annular groove is formed at the inner wall of the shell, and the third annular protrusion is embedded in the third annular groove;

and/or the large-size end of the rear rectifying component is provided with a fourth annular bulge, a fourth annular groove is formed in the inner wall of the shell, and the fourth annular bulge is embedded in the fourth annular groove.

According to one embodiment of the utility model, the housing comprises:

the front shell section is sleeved outside the diffuser and the front rectifying part;

the rear shell section is sleeved outside the rear rectifying part and the guide;

the annular connecting piece is arranged between the front shell section and the rear shell section, a third annular groove is formed between the pipe wall end part of the front shell section and the annular connecting piece, a fourth annular groove is formed between the pipe wall end part of the rear shell section and the annular connecting piece, and the front shell section, the annular connecting piece and the rear shell section are fixedly connected.

According to one embodiment of the utility model, a first annular step is arranged at the end part of the pipe wall of the front shell section, which faces one side of the annular connecting piece, and the third annular groove is formed between the annular connecting piece and the first annular step;

and/or the end part of the pipe wall of the rear shell section, which faces one side of the annular connecting piece, is provided with a second annular step, and the fourth annular groove is formed between the annular connecting piece and the second annular step.

According to one embodiment of the utility model, the housing comprises:

the diffuser, the front rectifying part, the rear rectifying part and the guide are arranged in the accommodating cavity, and annular positioning grooves are formed in the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity;

the annular locating piece is embedded in the annular locating groove and sleeved on the outer side of the shaft sleeve, a third annular groove is formed between one side of the annular locating piece, which faces the front rectifying part, and the groove wall of the annular locating groove, and a fourth annular groove is formed between one side of the annular locating piece, which faces the rear rectifying part, and the other groove wall of the annular locating groove.

According to one embodiment of the utility model, the annular positioning piece is provided with third annular steps on two sides, and the height of each third annular step is smaller than or equal to the thickness of each third annular bulge and the thickness of each fourth annular bulge.

According to one embodiment of the present utility model, the diffuser further includes a plurality of first guide vanes, the plurality of first guide vanes are uniformly disposed between the first base and the inner wall of the housing, and the diffuser passage is formed between two adjacent first guide vanes;

the guide device further comprises a plurality of second guide vanes, the second guide vanes are uniformly arranged between the second base body and the inner wall of the shell, and guide channels are formed between two adjacent second guide vanes.

According to one embodiment of the utility model, the outlet angle of the second guide vane is adjustable.

According to one embodiment of the present utility model, the first substrate and the second substrate are both in a disc structure, the disc edge of the first substrate is smoothly connected to the small-sized end of the front rectifying member, and the disc edge of the second substrate is smoothly connected to the small-sized end of the rear rectifying member.

According to a second aspect of the utility model, a thermodynamic power generation system is provided, comprising a thermodynamic device according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the utility model.

The above technical solutions in the present utility model have at least one of the following technical effects:

according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present utility model, there is provided a thermodynamic device comprising a compressor wheel, a turbine, a diffuser, a director, a housing, a connecting shaft, a shaft sleeve, a compressor inlet cowl, a front fairing section and a rear fairing section; the compressor impeller and the turbine are connected through a connecting shaft, the compressor impeller and the turbine synchronously rotate, a shaft sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the connecting shaft, and the compressor impeller, the connecting shaft and the turbine can rotate relative to the shaft sleeve. The diffuser comprises a first base body, wherein the first base body is connected to one end of the shaft sleeve, which is close to the impeller of the compressor; the guide device comprises a second base body, and the second base body is connected to one end of the shaft sleeve, which is close to the turbine; the casing is the tubular structure that both ends link up and is formed with import and export, and diffuser and director are located in the casing, and all connect in the inner wall of casing, and compressor suction hood fixed connection is in the import department of casing, and the compressor impeller sets up in the import outside department of casing, and the turbine sets up in the export outside department of casing. The front rectifying component is of a gradually-expanding cylindrical structure, the front rectifying component is sleeved on the outer side of the shaft sleeve, the small-size end of the front rectifying component is connected to the first base body, the large-size end of the front rectifying component is connected to the inner wall of the shell in an annular mode, a front air collecting cavity is formed between the front rectifying component and the inner wall of the shell, the shell is provided with an exhaust port which is communicated with the front air collecting cavity along the outer portion of the shell, and a diffusion channel which is communicated with the front air collecting cavity along the outer side of an inlet of the shell is arranged on the diffuser. The rear rectifying component is also of a gradually-expanding cylindrical structure and is sleeved on the outer side of the shaft sleeve, the small-size end of the rear rectifying component is connected to the second base body, the large-size end of the rear rectifying component is connected to the inner wall of the shell in an annular mode, a rear gas collecting cavity is formed between the rear rectifying component and the inner wall of the shell, the shell is provided with a gas inlet which is communicated with the rear gas collecting cavity along the outer portion of the shell, and a guide channel which is communicated with the rear gas collecting cavity along the outer side of the outlet of the shell is arranged on the guide. When the thermal power equipment operates, the compressor impeller sucks and compresses external air from the air inlet end of the air inlet cover of the compressor, the external air is pressed into the front air collecting cavity along the diffusion channel, the front air collecting cavity is of a gradually-expanding structure, the distance between the shell and the front rectifying component is reduced in the process that the air flows to the large-size end along the small-size end, the air is compressed, the pressure of the air is increased, the effect of the volute structure can be exerted, and high-pressure air flows out along the air outlet. The high-pressure air flows out along the exhaust port and then enters an external heat exchange device or a working medium heating device to exchange heat, so that high-temperature high-pressure gas is formed. The high-temperature high-pressure gas enters the rear gas collection cavity along the gas inlet, the rear gas collection cavity is of a reverse-arranged gradually-expanding structure, the distance between the shell and the rear rectifying component is increased in the process that air flows to the small-size end along the large-size end of the rear rectifying component, the high-temperature high-pressure gas is depressurized, expanded and accelerated in the rear gas collection cavity to form high-speed airflow to impact the turbine to enable the turbine to rotate, and the turbine rotates synchronously with the band-pass compressor impeller to rotate, wherein on the premise that an external heat exchange device or an air heating device can provide sufficient heat energy, the high-temperature high-pressure gas expands and then applies work to the turbine to be larger than the compressor impeller to apply work to air compression, so that the thermal power equipment can realize continuous recycling of heat energy. In the thermal power equipment, the front gas collecting cavity and the rear gas collecting cavity respectively play roles of pressurizing, depressurizing and expanding, a volute structure is not required to be arranged, the structure of the thermal power equipment is more simplified, and the difficulty of production and assembly is reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the related art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the related technical descriptions will be briefly described, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for those skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a first thermal power plant provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a second thermal power apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a portion of a thermodynamic device provided in an embodiment of the present utility model other than a housing and a compressor inlet cowl;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a first front fairing section and a rear fairing section provided in accordance with an embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 7 is a front view of a first front fairing section and a rear fairing section provided in accordance with an embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a second front fairing section and a rear fairing section provided in accordance with an embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 9 is a front view of a second front fairing section and a rear fairing section provided in accordance with an embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a third front fairing section and a rear fairing section provided in accordance with an embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 11 is a front view of a third front fairing section and a rear fairing section provided in accordance with an embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 12 is a schematic block diagram of a diffuser provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 13 is a schematic block diagram of a guide provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 14 is a schematic block diagram of a turbine provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a compressor impeller provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 16 is a schematic block diagram of a compressor inlet cowl according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 17 is a schematic block diagram of the relative positions of the front housing section, rear housing section and circumferential connector at the time of assembly provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 18 is a schematic block diagram of the relative positions of the first housing, the second housing, and the annular positioning member when assembled, according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 19 is a schematic block diagram of a first thermal power apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

Fig. 20 is a schematic structural view of a second type of thermal power apparatus according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Reference numerals:

1. a compressor wheel; 2. a turbine; 3. a connecting shaft; 4. a shaft sleeve;

5. a diffuser; 51. a first substrate; 511. a first annular groove; 52. a diffusion passage; 53. a first guide vane;

6. a guide; 61. a second substrate; 611. a second annular groove; 62. a guide channel; 63. a second guide vane;

7. a housing; 71. an inlet; 72. an outlet; 701. a front housing section; 702. a rear housing section; 703. a circumferential connector; 704. a first housing; 705. a second housing; 706. an annular positioning member; 7061. a third annular step; 707. an annular positioning groove;

8. a front rectifying part; 81. a first annular projection; 82. a third annular projection; 9. a front gas collection chamber; 10. an exhaust port;

11. a rear rectifying part; 111. a second annular projection; 112. a fourth annular projection;

12. a rear gas collection chamber; 13. an air inlet; 14. an air inlet cover of the air compressor; 15. a compressor wheel nut; 16. turbine screw cap.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent, the technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the utility model, which would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art without making any inventive effort are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

In the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In describing embodiments of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "coupled," "coupled," and "connected" should be construed broadly, and may be either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in embodiments of the present utility model will be understood in detail by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In embodiments of the utility model, unless expressly specified and limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" on a second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present utility model. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.

At present, an external combustion type or waste heat recovery type thermal power equipment based on Brayton cycle such as an external combustion type gas turbine and the like mostly has an air inlet volute and an air outlet volute, the structure of the volute is complex, the production and assembly difficulties are high, the utilization rate of the internal space of the equipment main body is low, and the equipment main body is inconvenient to use.

Referring to fig. 1 to 20, a thermodynamic apparatus according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present utility model includes a compressor wheel 1, a turbine 2, a connecting shaft 3, a sleeve 4, a diffuser 5, a guide 6, a front rectifying member 8, a rear rectifying member 11, and a housing 7.

The compressor impeller 1 and the turbine 2 are connected through the connecting shaft 3, and the compressor impeller 1 and the turbine 2 rotate synchronously, namely, the compressor impeller 1 rotates synchronously when the turbine 2 rotates, so that air is sucked from the air inlet end of the compressor inlet hood 14 and compressed. The outer side of the connecting shaft 3 is sleeved with a shaft sleeve 4, the shaft sleeve 4 is in a static state when the thermal power equipment works, and the compressor impeller 1, the turbine 2 and the connecting shaft 3 rotate relative to the shaft sleeve 4. Wherein, the two ends of the connecting shaft 3 are respectively provided with a detachable compressor impeller screw cap 15 and a turbine screw cap 16, the compressor impeller screw cap 15 is used for fixing the compressor impeller 1, and the turbine screw cap 16 is used for fixing the turbine 2.

The diffuser 5 includes at least a first base body 51, where the first base body 51 has an axisymmetric or rotationally symmetric structure, for example, a disc structure may be adopted, and the first base body 51 is connected to an end of the sleeve 4 near the compressor wheel 1.

In some cases, the center of the first base 51 is provided with a through hole, and the connection shaft 3 is inserted into the through hole and then connected to the compressor wheel 1 and the intake end nut.

In other cases, the first base body 51 includes a plurality of members that can be spliced, for example, two half-ring structures, and the connecting shaft 3 is disposed through the center of the two half-ring structures. It should be noted that, under this concept, the first substrate 51 may be split into three, four, five …, and may be set according to the needs in use.

The guide 6 comprises at least a second base body 61, the second base body 61 being of axisymmetric or rotationally symmetric structure, for example a disc structure, the second base body 61 being connected to the end of the sleeve 4 near the turbine 2. The second base 61 may be provided with a through hole at the center or may be divided into a plurality of members, as in the first base 51.

The casing 7 is a tubular structure with two through ends, an inlet 71 and an outlet 72 are respectively formed at two ends of the tubular structure, the diffuser 5, the guide 6 and the shaft sleeve 4 are positioned inside the casing 7, two ends of the connecting shaft 3 extend along the inlet 71 and the outlet 72, and the extending length is determined according to specific conditions. The diffuser 5 and the guide 6 are both connected to the inner wall of the housing 7, at this time, the housing 7 is fixedly connected to the guide 6 and the diffuser 5, the guide 6 and the diffuser 5 are connected to the shaft sleeve 4, the compressor impeller 1 and the turbine 2 are fixed to two ends of the connecting shaft 3 through nuts and can rotate freely, the compressor impeller 1 is disposed outside the inlet 71, and the turbine 2 is disposed outside the outlet 72.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in order to make the compressor impeller 1 suck and compress external air and send the compressed air into the front air collecting chamber 9, a compressor air intake cover 14 is disposed at an inlet 71 of the housing 7, and the compressor air intake cover 14 is fixedly connected to the inlet 71 of the housing 7.

The front rectifying component 8 is of a gradually-expanding cylindrical structure, two ends of the front rectifying component are communicated, the front rectifying component 8 comprises a small-size end and a large-size end, namely, the cylindrical structure gradually transits from the small-size end to the large-size end, in order to reduce wind resistance of the front rectifying component 8, the front rectifying component 8 is of an axisymmetric or rotationally symmetric structure, in the embodiment, the front rectifying component 8 is of a rotationally symmetric truncated cone-like structure, and the front rectifying component 8 has a side wall similar to the truncated cone-like structure. The front rectifying component 8 is sleeved on the outer side of the shaft sleeve 4 and is positioned in the shell 7, the small-size end of the front rectifying component is connected to the first base body 51, the large-size end of the front rectifying component is connected to the inner wall of the shell 7, a front air collecting cavity 9 with the distance continuously changing is formed between the front rectifying component 8 and the inner wall of the shell 7, namely, the size of the front air collecting cavity 9 is larger at the small-size end of the front rectifying component 8, and the size of the front air collecting cavity 9 is reduced to zero at the large-size end of the front rectifying component 8. The casing 7 is provided with an exhaust port 10 which is communicated with the front air collecting cavity 9 from the outside of the casing 7, the exhaust port 10 corresponds to a position between a small-size end and a large-size end of the front rectifying component 8, the diffuser 5 is provided with a diffuser passage 52 which is communicated with the front air collecting cavity 9 along the outer side of an inlet 71 of the casing 7, the diffuser passage 52 is positioned on the radial outer side of the first matrix 51 and is used for introducing air sucked from the compressor impeller 1 into the front air collecting cavity 9 after compression and adjusting the flow speed, the pressure and the like of the air in the front air collecting cavity 9.

In some cases, referring to fig. 12, the diffuser 5 further includes a plurality of first guide vanes 53, where the plurality of first guide vanes 53 are uniformly disposed between the first base 51 and the inner wall of the housing 7, and a diffusion passage 52 is formed between two adjacent first guide vanes 53. At this time, the first guide vanes 53 are attached to the inner wall of the housing 7, so that the position of the diffuser 5 can be fixed.

In other cases, the diffuser 5 is integrally of a disc structure, the first base 51 is a disc with a smaller size, and a plurality of diffusion channels 52 are uniformly formed on the diffuser 5 and located on the outer side of the first base 51, and are used for compressing air sucked by the compressor impeller 1 and then introducing the compressed air into the front air collecting cavity 9.

The rear rectifying part 11 is a gradually-expanding cylindrical structure, two ends of the cylindrical structure are communicated, the rear rectifying part 11 comprises a small-size end and a large-size end, namely, the cylindrical structure is gradually transited from the small-size end to the large-size end, in order to reduce wind resistance of the rear rectifying part 11, the rear rectifying part 11 is in an axisymmetric or rotationally symmetric structure, in the embodiment, the rear rectifying part 11 is in a rotationally symmetric round platform-like structure, and side walls similar to the round platform structure are arranged. The rear rectifying member 11 is sleeved on the outer side of the shaft sleeve 4 and is located in the housing 7, the small-sized end of the rear rectifying member 11 is connected to the second base 61, the large-sized end of the rear rectifying member is connected to the inner wall of the housing 7, and the large-sized end of the front rectifying member 8 and the large-sized end of the rear rectifying member 11 are adjacently arranged next to both sides of the annular connecting member 703 or the annular positioning member 706. A rear gas collecting chamber 12 with a continuously changing distance is formed between the rear rectifying member 11 and the inner wall of the housing 7, i.e. the rear gas collecting chamber 12 has a larger size at the small-sized end of the rear rectifying member 11 and the rear gas collecting chamber 12 has a reduced size to zero at the large-sized end of the rear rectifying member 11. The housing 7 is formed with an air inlet 13 communicating with the rear air collecting chamber 12 along the outside of the housing 7, the air inlet 13 corresponding to a position between the small-sized end and the large-sized end of the rear rectifying member 11. The guide 6 is provided with a guide channel 62 communicated with the rear air collection cavity 12 along the outer side of the outlet 72 of the shell 7, the guide channel 62 is positioned on the radial outer side of the second substrate 61 and used for guiding high-temperature high-pressure air from the air inlet 13 to the turbine 2, and the rear air collection cavity 12 can adjust the flow rate, the pressure and the like of the high-temperature high-pressure air.

In some cases, referring to fig. 13, the guide 6 further includes a plurality of second guide vanes 63, and the plurality of second guide vanes 63 are uniformly disposed between the second base 61 and the inner wall of the housing 7, and guide channels 62 are formed between two adjacent second guide vanes 63. The second guide vanes 63 are attached to the inner wall of the housing 7, and the position of the guide 6 can be fixed. In addition, an annular support member may be further disposed on the outer side of the plurality of second guide vanes 63, and the annular support member is used for fixing the plurality of second guide vanes 63 and is convenient to be connected to the housing 7.

When the thermodynamic equipment provided by the embodiment of the utility model is operated, the compressor impeller 1 sucks external air along the air inlet end of the air inlet cover 14 of the compressor and presses the external air into the front air collecting cavity 9 through the diffusion channel 52, the front air collecting cavity 9 is of a gradually-expanding structure, the distance between the shell 7 and the front rectifying component 8 is reduced in the process that the air flows to the large-size end along the small-size end, the air is compressed, the pressure of the air is increased, the effect of a volute structure can be exerted, and high-speed and high-pressure compressed air flows out along the air outlet 10. The compressed air flows out along the exhaust port 10 and exchanges heat with an external heat exchange device or an air heating device to form high-temperature and high-pressure gas. The high-temperature high-pressure gas enters the rear gas collection cavity 12 along the gas inlet 13, the rear gas collection cavity 12 is of a reverse-arranged gradually-expanding structure, the distance between the shell 7 and the rear rectifying component 11 is increased in the process that air flows to the small-size end along the large-size end of the rear rectifying component 11, the high-temperature high-pressure gas is depressurized, cooled, expanded and accelerated in the rear gas collection cavity 12 to form high-speed gas flow, the high-speed gas flow flows out of the impacting turbine 2 along the guide channel 62 and drives the turbine 2 to rotate, and the turbine 2 rotates while synchronously carrying out the rotation of the band-pass compressor impeller 1, wherein on the premise that an external heat exchange device or an air heating device can provide sufficient heat energy, the work applied to the turbine 2 is greater than the work applied to the air compression by the compressor impeller 1 after the high-temperature high-pressure gas is expanded, so that the thermal power equipment can realize the continuous recycling of heat energy.

In the embodiment of the utility model, the front rectifying part 8 and the rear rectifying part 11 which are gradually expanded are arranged in the shell 7, so that the supercharging, the depressurization and the expansion of air can be realized, and the functions of the volute can be exerted; the front rectifying part 8 and the rear rectifying part 11 are symmetrical relative to the two side structures of the annular connecting piece 703 or the annular positioning piece 706 of the shell 7, and the single part has simple structure, so that the production cost, the assembly cost and the complexity of the thermal power equipment are reduced, and the utilization efficiency of the internal space of the thermal power equipment is improved.

In the embodiment of the utility model, the front rectifying part 8 and the rear rectifying part 11 are in gradually-expanded cylindrical structures, the structures of the front rectifying part 8 and the rear rectifying part are similar, the sizes of the front rectifying part and the rear rectifying part can be the same or different, and the gradually-expanded cylindrical structures are used for adjusting the sizes of the gas collecting cavities.

In some cases, referring to fig. 6 and 7, the small-sized ends of the diverging cylindrical structures of the front rectifying member 8 and the rear rectifying member 11 transition to the large-sized ends along the line, i.e., the diverging cylindrical structures are truncated cone-like structures having sidewalls similar to truncated cones.

In other cases, referring to fig. 8 and 9, when the small-sized ends of the diverging cylindrical structures of the front rectifying member 8 and the rear rectifying member 11 transition from the curved surface recessed with respect to the central axis of the connecting shaft 3 to the large-sized end, that is, when the small-sized end transitions to the large-sized end, the increasing trend in the former stage is gentle, the increasing trend in the latter stage is rapid, and the structure is a truncated cone-like structure with concave sides.

In other cases, referring to fig. 10 and 11, the small-sized ends of the diverging cylindrical structures of the front rectifying member 8 and the rear rectifying member 11 transition to the large-sized ends along curved surfaces protruding with respect to the central axis of the connecting shaft 3. Namely, when the small-size end is transited to the large-size end, the increasing trend of the former stage is faster, and the increasing trend of the latter stage is more gentle, so that the device is of a truncated cone-like structure with a convex side surface.

In the structures shown in fig. 6 to 11, the adjustment ranges of the air pressure and the air flow rate are different, and an appropriate structure type can be selected as required.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 12, a side of the first base 51 facing the front fairing 8 is provided with a first annular groove 511, and the small-sized end of the front fairing 8 is provided with a first annular protrusion 81, where the first annular protrusion 81 is embedded in the first annular groove 511.

It will be appreciated that when the first annular projection 81 is fitted into the first annular groove 511, a relatively stable positional relationship is maintained between the first base body 51 and the front fairing 8, and a seal is maintained between the first base body 51 and the front fairing 8 to prevent compressed air from entering the hollow interior of the front fairing 8. In order to improve the sealing property between the first base 51 and the front fairing part 8, a sealing agent may be filled between the first annular groove 511 and the first annular protrusion 81.

In some cases, referring to fig. 13, a side of the second substrate 61 facing the rear fairing part 11 is provided with a second annular groove 611, and the small-sized end of the rear fairing part 11 is provided with a second annular protrusion 111, and the second annular protrusion 111 is embedded in the second annular groove 611. When the second annular protrusion 111 is fitted into the second annular groove 611, a relatively stable positional relationship is maintained between the second base 61 and the rear rectifying member 11, and a seal is maintained between the second base 61 and the rear rectifying member 11, preventing air from entering the hollow interior of the rear rectifying member 11. In order to improve the sealing property between the second base body 61 and the rear fairing part 11, a sealing agent may be filled between the second annular groove 611 and the second annular protrusion 111.

In some cases, the first base 51 is welded to the small-sized end of the front fairing section 8, and the second base 61 is welded to the small-sized end of the rear fairing section 11.

In some cases, adjacent sides of the first and second substrates 51 and 61 may be provided with protruding truncated cone-shaped steps, on which the small-sized ends of the front and rear rectifying members 8 and 11 are respectively fitted.

In the embodiment of the present utility model, the large-sized end of the front rectifying member 8 and the large-sized end of the rear rectifying member 11 are adjacently disposed next to both sides of the annular connecting member 703 or the annular positioning member 706, and the large-sized end of the front rectifying member 8 and the large-sized end of the rear rectifying member 11 are both connected to the inner wall of the housing 7.

In some cases, the large-sized end of the front fairing part 8 is provided with a third annular protrusion 82, the outer ring diameter of the third annular protrusion 82 is larger than the diameter of the large-sized end of the front fairing part 8, a third annular groove is formed at the inner wall of the housing 7, and the third annular protrusion 82 is embedded in the third annular groove.

It will be appreciated that the third annular groove is in close contact with the third annular projection 82, which fixes the position of the front fairing 8 and maintains the seal of the front plenum 9.

In some cases, the large-sized end of the rear fairing part 11 is provided with a fourth annular projection 112, and a fourth annular groove is formed at the inner wall of the housing 7, in which the fourth annular projection 112 is embedded.

It will be appreciated that the fourth annular groove is tightly connected to the fourth annular protrusion 112, which can fix the position of the rear fairing 11 and also maintain the sealing of the rear plenum 12.

In the thermodynamic device provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the states of the air in the front air collecting cavity 9 and the rear air collecting cavity 12 are different, and the air in the front air collecting cavity 9 enters the rear air collecting cavity 12 after being heated by the external heat exchanger, so that the temperature of the air in the rear air collecting cavity 12 is higher. In order for the working efficiency of the hot air in the rear air collecting chamber 12 to meet the design requirements, it is necessary to avoid heat exchange between the two air collecting chambers as much as possible. Accordingly, a heat insulating member may be provided between the front rectifying member 8 and the rear rectifying member 11, thereby reducing heat transfer.

In some embodiments, the large-sized ends of the front rectifying member 8 and the large-sized ends of the rear rectifying member 11 are not provided with annular projections, the diameters of the large-sized ends are kept identical to the diameters of the inner walls of the housing 7, and when the front rectifying member 8 and the rear rectifying member 11 are mounted in the housing 7, the large-sized ends of the front rectifying member 8 and the large-sized ends of the rear rectifying member 11 are kept tightly connected to the inner walls of the housing 7, and in some cases, a gasket may be provided at the large-sized ends of both or a sealing agent may be filled.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, 2, 17 and 19, the housing 7 includes a front housing section 701, a rear housing section 702 and a circumferential connector 703, and the housing 7 is connected together in segments.

The front casing section 701 is sleeved outside the diffuser 5 and the front fairing section 8, the rear casing section 702 is sleeved outside the rear fairing section 11 and the guide 6, and the circumferential connection 703 is provided between the front casing section 701 and the rear casing section 702. In order to achieve a fixed connection between the front housing section 701 and the rear housing section 702, annular ribs (flange-like structures) are provided at the adjacent ends of the front housing section 701 and the rear housing section 702, respectively, and the annular ribs on both sides are fixed by bolting or snap-fitting structures.

In the embodiment of the present utility model, a third annular groove is formed between the pipe wall end of the front casing section 701 and the annular connecting member 703, and a fourth annular groove is formed between the pipe wall end of the rear casing section 702 and the annular connecting member 703, and the front casing section 701, the annular connecting member 703 and the rear casing section 702 are fixedly connected.

It will be appreciated that before the front housing section 701, the circumferential connection 703 and the rear housing section 702 are connected, the front fairing section 8 needs to be inserted into the front housing section 701, the rear fairing section 11 is inserted into the rear housing section 702, and the front fairing section 701, the circumferential connection 703 and the rear housing section 702 are fixed simultaneously.

In some embodiments, the pipe wall end of the front housing section 701 facing the side of the circumferential connector 703 is provided with a first annular step (recessed relative to the pipe wall end), and a third annular groove is formed between the circumferential connector 703 and the first annular step.

Referring to fig. 2, when the end of the pipe wall of the front housing section 701 facing the side of the annular connecting member 703 is provided with a first annular step, the third annular protrusion 82 is located at the first annular step, and the annular connecting member 703 supports and abuts against the third annular protrusion 82.

In some cases, the position of the annular connecting piece 703 corresponding to the first annular step is further provided with an annular boss, the sum of the height of the annular boss and the thickness of the third annular boss 82 is equal to the depth of the first annular step, and at this time, two sealing surfaces (i.e. a side surface and a top surface) are formed between the first annular step and the third annular boss 82, so that the sealing effect is better.

In some cases, the end of the pipe wall of the rear housing section 702 facing the side of the circumferential connection 703 is provided with a second annular step (recessed relative to the pipe wall end), and a fourth annular groove is formed between the circumferential connection 703 and the second annular step.

Referring to fig. 2, when the end of the pipe wall of the rear housing section 702 facing the side of the annular connecting member 703 is provided with a second annular step, the fourth annular protrusion 112 is located at the second annular step, and the annular connecting member 703 supports and abuts against the fourth annular protrusion 112.

In some cases, the position of the annular connecting piece 703 corresponding to the second annular step is further provided with an annular boss, the sum of the height of the annular boss and the thickness of the fourth annular boss 112 is equal to the depth of the second annular step, and at this time, two sealing surfaces (i.e. a side surface and a top surface) are formed between the second annular step and the fourth annular boss 112, so that the sealing effect is better.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 3, 4, 18 and 20, the housing 7 includes a first housing 704, a second housing 705 and an annular positioning member 706, and the housing 7 is connected in a two-sided splice.

The first shell 704 and the second shell 705 are arranged in parallel, the first shell 704 and the second shell 705 are semi-arc shells, the first shell 704 and the second shell 705 are spliced to form a complete shell 7, a containing cavity is formed between two semi-arc concave shell surfaces adjacent to the first shell 704 and the second shell 705, and the diffuser 5, the front rectifying part 8, the rear rectifying part 11 and the guide 6 are arranged in the containing cavity. In order to realize the connection between the first shell 704 and the second shell 705, strip-shaped ribs are arranged at the edge where the first shell 704 and the second shell 705 are connected, and the two strip-shaped ribs are connected through bolts or a buckling structure. An annular positioning groove 707 is provided on the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity, and the annular positioning groove 707 is used for fixing the large-size end of the front fairing part 8 and the large-size end of the rear fairing part 11.

An annular locating member 706 is also provided within the receiving chamber, the diameter of the annular locating member 706 being greater than the diameter of the receiving chamber and being consistent with the diameter of the annular locating slot 707. Referring to fig. 4, the annular positioning member 706 is embedded in the annular positioning groove 707 and sleeved on the outer side of the sleeve 4, a third annular groove is formed between one side of the annular positioning member 706 facing the front rectifying member 8 and the groove wall of the annular positioning groove 707, and a fourth annular groove is formed between one side of the annular positioning member 706 facing the rear rectifying member 11 and the other groove wall of the annular positioning groove 707. In the case 7 provided by the embodiment of the utility model, when the first case 704, the second case 705 and the annular positioning piece 706 are in buckling connection, the third annular protrusion 82 of the front rectifying component 8 is embedded in the third annular groove, and meanwhile, the fourth annular protrusion 112 of the rear rectifying component 11 is embedded in the fourth annular groove, so that the assembly process is convenient.

In some embodiments, the annular retainer 706 is formed with a third annular step 7061 on both sides. Referring to fig. 4, the height of the third annular step 7061 refers to the dimension of the distance between two parallel planes of the annular positioning member 706 perpendicular to the central axis of the connecting shaft 3. The height of the third annular step 7061 is equal to or less than the thickness of the third annular projection 82 and the thickness of the fourth annular projection 112.

In some cases, referring to fig. 4, the height of the third annular step 7061 is equal to the thickness of the third annular protrusion 82 and the thickness of the fourth annular protrusion 112, during the assembly process, the front fairing 8, the annular positioning element 706 and the rear fairing 11 are spliced, the third annular protrusion 82 of the front fairing 8 is embedded in the third annular groove, the fourth annular protrusion 112 of the rear fairing 11 is embedded in the fourth annular groove, and then the first housing 704 and the second housing 705 are buckled, so that the assembly process is fast, and the sealing between different components can be maintained.

In other cases, the height of the third annular step 7061 is smaller than the thickness of the third annular protrusion 82 and the thickness of the fourth annular protrusion 112, the third annular protrusion 82 of the front fairing part 8 is embedded in the third annular groove, and the fourth annular protrusion 112 of the rear fairing part 11 is embedded in the fourth annular groove, and in this case, the interference fit is adopted, so that the tightness and stability between the parts are increased.

In the embodiment of the present utility model, the guide 6 at least includes a second base 61 and a plurality of second guide vanes 63, the plurality of second guide vanes 63 are uniformly distributed on the radial outer side of the second base 61, and a guide channel 62 is formed between two adjacent second guide vanes 63.

The second guide vane 63 is used for guiding the high-speed airflow in the rear air collecting cavity 12 to impact the turbine 2, and further driving the turbine 2 to rotate. In order to realize the maximum utilization of the high-speed air flow, the second guide vane 63 is of an arc streamline structure and has a certain included angle with the central axis direction of the connecting shaft 3, and the high-speed air flow flowing through the second guide vane 63 impacts the vane of the turbine 2 so as to drive the turbine 2 to do work.

According to the working principle of the thermodynamic equipment, the high-pressure air flow absorbs part of heat when passing through the heat exchanger or the working medium heating device to form high-temperature high-pressure air, and then expands in the rear air collecting cavity 12 to become high-speed air flow, and the high-speed air flow impacts the turbine 2 to apply work.

In some cases, the temperature of the heat exchanger or the working medium heating device is not stable, and when the heat/waste heat is recovered by the thermodynamic device, the rotation speed of the turbine 2 is affected by the temperature of the heat exchanger or the working medium heating device, so that the rotation speed of the turbine 2 and the working efficiency of the thermodynamic device are affected. In order to make the thermodynamic equipment output stably when doing work, the relation between the temperature of the heat exchanger or the working medium heating device and the rotating speed of the turbine 2 needs to be adjusted, so that the influence of temperature change on the rotating speed of the turbine 2 is reduced as much as possible.

In this embodiment, the air outlet angle of the second guide vane 63 may be adjusted, an angle adjusting component is disposed at the housing 7 or the second base 61, the second guide vane 63 is rotatably connected to the second base 61, the angle adjusting component is connected to the second guide vane 63, and the angle adjusting component may adjust the air outlet angle of the second guide vane 63, that is, the air outlet angle deflects relative to the central axis of the connecting shaft 3.

When the thermal power equipment works, the air outlet angle of the second guide vane 63 can be adjusted according to the actual temperature of the heat exchanger or the working medium heating device, and the working principle is as follows:

within the adjustable range, an optimal wind outlet angle exists between the second guide vane 63 and the turbine 2, for example, when the wind outlet angle is perpendicular to the windward side of the blades of the turbine 2. Setting the included angle between the actual air outlet angle and the optimal air outlet angle as a deviation angle, and under the same high-speed air flow action, the smaller the deviation angle is, the higher the rotating speed of the turbine 2 is, the larger the deviation angle is, and the lower the rotating speed of the turbine 2 is; it can be deduced that the smaller the deviation angle, the smaller the flow rate of the high-speed airflow is required while maintaining the rotation speed of the turbine 2 unchanged.

When the actual temperature of the heat exchanger or the working medium heating device fluctuates between the minimum temperature and the maximum temperature, assuming that the temperature difference between the maximum temperature and the actual temperature is the deviation temperature, the following relationship exists when the air outlet angle of the second guide vane 63 is adjusted according to the actual temperature of the heat exchanger or the working medium heating device: the deviation angle and the deviation temperature are in negative correlation;

When the deviation temperature is larger, the actual temperature is lower, the air expansion amount is reduced, and the rotation of the turbine 2 is promoted by reducing the deviation angle, so that the rotation speed of the turbine 2 is stable;

when the deviation temperature is small, the actual temperature is high, and at this time, the air expansion amount is increased, and the rotation of the turbine 2 is slowed down by increasing the deviation angle, so that the rotation of the turbine 2 is stabilized.

According to the above, when the air outlet angle of the second guide vane 63 is adjusted according to the actual temperature of the heat exchanger or the working medium heating device and the deviation angle and the deviation temperature are in a negative correlation, the rotation speed of the turbine 2 is stable, the work efficiency and the power generation efficiency of the thermal power equipment are stable, and the popularization and the use of the thermal power equipment are facilitated.

In some embodiments, the first substrate 51 and the second substrate 61 are both in a disc structure, and the disc edge of the first substrate 51 is smoothly connected to the small-sized end of the front fairing section 8, and the disc edge of the second substrate 61 is smoothly connected to the small-sized end of the rear fairing section 11.

Referring to fig. 2 and 4, the disk edge of the first base 51 is smoothly connected to the small-sized end of the front rectifying member 8, so that the resistance of the compressed air flowing through the diffuser passage 52 is reduced, and the compressed air can quickly flow to the front rectifying member 8 and the exhaust port 10. The disk edge of the second substrate 61 is smoothly connected with the small-sized end of the rear rectifying member 11, so that the resistance is small when the high-speed air flow in the rear air collecting cavity 12 flows along the rear rectifying member 11 to the guide channel 62, thereby being beneficial to improving the rotating speed of the turbine 2 and improving the heat energy recovery efficiency.

According to a second aspect of the present utility model there is provided a thermodynamic power generation system comprising a generator and a thermodynamic device according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present utility model, the drive shaft of the generator being directly or indirectly connected to the connection shaft 3 of the thermodynamic device.

When the thermal power generation system operates, the compressor impeller 1 sucks air from the air inlet end of the compressor air inlet cover 14 and presses the air into the front air collecting cavity 9 along the diffusion channel 52, the front air collecting cavity 9 is of a gradually-expanding structure, the distance between the shell 7 and the front rectifying component 8 is reduced in the process that the air flows to the large-size end along the small-size end, the air is compressed, the pressure is increased, the effect of a volute structure can be exerted, and high-speed and high-pressure compressed air flows out along the air outlet 10. The compressed air flows out along the exhaust port 10 and exchanges heat with an external heat exchange device or an air heating device to form high-temperature and high-pressure gas. The high-temperature high-pressure gas enters the rear gas collection cavity 12 along the gas inlet 13, the rear gas collection cavity 12 is of a reverse-arranged gradually-expanding structure, the distance between the shell 7 and the rear rectifying component 11 is increased in the process that air flows to the small-size end along the large-size end of the rear rectifying component 11, the high-temperature high-pressure gas is depressurized, cooled, expanded and accelerated in the rear gas collection cavity 12, then the high-speed gas flow impacts the turbine 2 to rotate, the synchronous band-pass compressor impeller 1 rotates when the turbine 2 rotates, and then the generator connected to the connecting shaft 3 is driven to generate electricity. On the premise that an external heat exchange device or an air heating device can provide sufficient heat energy, the high-temperature high-pressure air expands and then acts on the turbine 2 more than the compressor impeller 1 acts on the air, so that the generator connected to the connecting shaft 3 can continuously output electric energy to the outside.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the utility model is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A thermodynamic device, comprising:

the air inlet cover of the air compressor is fixedly connected to the inlet of the shell;

the front rectifying component is of a gradually-expanding cylindrical structure and sleeved on the outer side of the shaft sleeve, the small-size end of the front rectifying component is connected with the first base body, the large-size end of the front rectifying component is annularly connected with the inner wall of the shell, a front gas collecting cavity is formed between the front rectifying component and the inner wall of the shell, the shell is provided with an exhaust port, the outside of the shell is communicated with the front gas collecting cavity, and a diffusion channel, which is communicated with the front gas collecting cavity along the outer side of an inlet of the shell, is arranged on the diffuser;

The rear rectifying component is of a gradually-expanded cylindrical structure, the rear rectifying component is sleeved on the outer side of the shaft sleeve, the small-size end of the rear rectifying component is connected to the second base body, the large-size end of the rear rectifying component is connected to the inner wall of the shell in an annular mode, a rear gas collecting cavity is formed between the rear rectifying component and the inner wall of the shell, the shell is formed with an air inlet which is communicated with the rear gas collecting cavity outside the shell, and a guide channel which is communicated with the rear gas collecting cavity outside an outlet of the shell is arranged on the guide.

2. The thermodynamic device of claim 1, wherein the small-sized ends of the front fairing parts and the rear fairing parts transition along a line to the large-sized ends;

or the small-size ends of the front rectifying component and the rear rectifying component are transited to the large-size end along a curved surface which is sunken relative to the central axis of the connecting shaft;

alternatively, the small-sized ends of the front and rear rectifying members transition to the large-sized ends along curved surfaces protruding with respect to the central axis of the connecting shaft.

3. The thermal power plant of claim 1, wherein a side of the first base body facing the front fairing part is provided with a first annular groove, the small-sized end of the front fairing part is provided with a first annular protrusion, and the first annular protrusion is embedded in the first annular groove;

4. The thermal power plant according to claim 1, wherein a third annular protrusion is provided at a large-sized end of the front rectifying member, a third annular groove is formed at an inner wall of the housing, and the third annular protrusion is embedded in the third annular groove;

5. The thermal power plant of claim 4, wherein the housing comprises:

6. The thermal power plant of claim 5, wherein a first annular step is provided at a pipe wall end of the front housing section facing the side of the annular connector, the third annular groove being formed between the annular connector and the first annular step;

7. The thermal power plant of claim 4, wherein the housing comprises:

8. The thermal power plant of claim 7, wherein the annular positioning member is formed with third annular steps on both sides thereof, and the height of the third annular steps is equal to or less than the thickness of the third annular protrusion and the thickness of the fourth annular protrusion.

9. The thermodynamic device of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the diffuser further comprises a plurality of first guide vanes, the plurality of first guide vanes being disposed uniformly between the first base and the inner wall of the housing, the diffuser passage being formed between two adjacent first guide vanes;

10. The thermal power plant of claim 9, wherein the outlet angle of the second guide vane is adjustable.

11. The thermal power apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein said first base and said second base are each of a disk structure, a disk edge of said first base is smoothly connected to a small-sized end of said front rectifying member, and a disk edge of said second base is smoothly connected to a small-sized end of said rear rectifying member.

12. A thermodynamic power generation system comprising a thermodynamic device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11.