CN220436683U - Rural household cold accumulation air conditioning system based on low-temperature grain storage - Google Patents
Rural household cold accumulation air conditioning system based on low-temperature grain storage Download PDFInfo
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- CN220436683U CN220436683U CN202322159600.XU CN202322159600U CN220436683U CN 220436683 U CN220436683 U CN 220436683U CN 202322159600 U CN202322159600 U CN 202322159600U CN 220436683 U CN220436683 U CN 220436683U
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- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
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- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a rural household cold accumulation air conditioning system based on low-temperature grain storage, which comprises a double-suction-port compressor, a condenser, a liquid reservoir, two evaporators, a phase-change cold accumulation box, two electronic expansion valves, seven electromagnetic valves and three fans, wherein the two evaporators are connected with the phase-change cold accumulation box; the double-suction port compressor, the condenser, the first electromagnetic valve, the liquid reservoir, the first electronic expansion valve, the first evaporator and the first fan form a daily cooling branch; the double-suction port compressor, the condenser, the first electromagnetic valve, the liquid reservoir, the second electronic expansion valve, the phase-change cold storage box, the third electromagnetic valve, the second evaporator, the second fan, the fourth electromagnetic valve and the sixth electromagnetic valve form a grain storage and cooling branch. The utility model realizes flexible switching between working conditions by adjusting the on-off of the solenoid valves of each branch, and realizes distribution between cooling and cold storage of the evaporator by adjusting the on-off of the solenoid valves of each branch, thereby solving the problem that the cold storage device of the existing air-conditioning water system can not be directly applied to a refrigerant system.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a rural household cold accumulation air conditioning system based on low-temperature grain storage, and belongs to the technical field of grain storage systems.
Background
Related investigation shows that the grain storage loss rate of the stored grains of farmers in China is about 8% -12%. The method has the advantages of more mouse and insect damage, less protective measures, poor storage technical conditions and large grain storage loss. The improvement of grain storage technology of farmers is a key measure for solving the grain storage loss and improving the grain storage quality. The low-temperature storage of the grains is a well-known scientific and pollution-free grain storage mode. The metabolism of cereal grains can be slowed down at low temperature, the growth of worm mould and microorganism is inhibited, and the loss of stored cereal is effectively reduced; and can reduce the fumigation pollution of the medicine and has obvious effect on delaying the ageing of grain quality. Related researches show that the household air conditioner can realize the effect of low-temperature grain storage. However, on one hand, due to the increasingly tense current situation of power supply in China, particularly in high-temperature seasons, continuous power supply in rural areas is difficult to ensure, and the problems of power failure of an air conditioner, untimely grain storage and cooling, grain mildew and the like are caused. On the other hand, the COP of the air conditioner is reduced during high temperature, the operation cost is high, and the benefits brought by low-temperature grain storage can be seriously counteracted. Therefore, it is difficult for farmers to directly store grains at low temperature using a conventional home air conditioner.
Low temperature grain storage is an effective way to improve the quality of stored grain. However, the low-temperature grain storage technology suitable for farmers and the small refrigeration equipment matched with the technology are not mature, and cannot be widely applied to grain storage of the farmers, and a small air conditioning system combined with cold accumulation is one of main ways for realizing the technology. The technology of air conditioner cold accumulation in China can be divided into four modes of water cold accumulation, ice cold accumulation, eutectic salt cold accumulation and gas compound cold accumulation according to different cold accumulation media.
The cold water storage is to store cold energy by utilizing sensible heat of water, namely cold storage is performed by utilizing low temperature water at 4-7 ℃. The method has the remarkable advantages of investment saving, low technical requirement, low maintenance cost, capability of using a conventional air-conditioning refrigerating unit and the like. However, at the same time, the floor space is large, the cold loss is large, and the defects of water resistance, heat preservation, and the like are also non-negligible problems. This has led to limited application of chilled water storage air conditioning systems in large cities with a high population and land utilization.
The ice cold accumulation is to store cold energy by utilizing the latent heat of phase change of ice. The same cold energy is stored, and the volume of the medium required by ice cold accumulation is much smaller than that of water cold accumulation. The heat storage device has high storage density, almost constant storage temperature and convenient storage, but the low evaporation temperature of the refrigerating unit can lead to the reduction of the performance coefficient of the compressor.
The eutectic salt is a phase change material, and the phase change temperature of the cold accumulation material is higher, so that the host efficiency is greatly improved. When the eutectic salt is used for cold accumulation, the heat preservation of the heat preservation tank can be reduced, but the segregation phenomenon of components of the eutectic salt cold accumulation material exists in the cold accumulation and cold release processes, which is an important problem.
The gas compound cold accumulation is an emerging cold accumulation air conditioning technology, the cold accumulation temperature of which is consistent with the working condition of the air conditioner, the cold accumulation density is high, and the heat transfer efficiency during cold accumulation and cold release is high, so that the technology is an emerging technology, and a series of core technical problems are needed to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the utility model are as follows: the utility model provides a overcome prior art's not enough, provides a rural domestic cold accumulation air conditioning system based on low temperature stores up grain, adopts the phase transition cold accumulation material that has higher phase transition temperature to realize cold accumulation, has avoided the shortcoming of ice cold accumulation and water cold accumulation equipment, can be when satisfying people's daily cold supply demand, carries out the air conditioner air supply to the grain storage space, realizes low temperature and stores up grain.
The technical scheme adopted by the utility model for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a rural household cold accumulation air conditioning system based on low-temperature grain storage comprises a double-suction port compressor, a condenser, a liquid storage device, a first evaporator, a phase change cold accumulation box, a second evaporator, a first electronic expansion valve, a second electronic expansion valve, a first electromagnetic valve, a second electromagnetic valve, a third electromagnetic valve, a fourth electromagnetic valve, a fifth electromagnetic valve, a sixth electromagnetic valve, a seventh electromagnetic valve, a first fan, a second fan and a third fan; the double-suction port compressor, the condenser, the first electromagnetic valve, the liquid reservoir, the first electronic expansion valve, the first evaporator and the first fan form a daily cooling branch; the double-suction port compressor, the condenser, the first electromagnetic valve, the liquid reservoir, the second electronic expansion valve, the phase-change cold storage box, the third electromagnetic valve, the second evaporator, the second fan, the fourth electromagnetic valve and the sixth electromagnetic valve form a grain storage and cooling branch.
The double-suction port compressor is connected with the condenser through a pipeline and is used for compressing a refrigerant and generating high-temperature and high-pressure gas; the condenser is connected with the liquid storage device through a pipeline and is used for cooling the gas generated by compression of the compressor; the liquid storage device is connected with the first evaporator and the second evaporator through pipelines respectively and is used for storing high-pressure liquid from the condenser; the liquid storage device is connected with the first electronic expansion valve and the second electronic expansion valve through pipelines respectively and is used for adjusting flow and controlling superheat degree; the first electronic expansion valve is connected with the first evaporator through a pipeline, and the second electronic expansion valve is connected with the second evaporator through a pipeline, so that low-temperature refrigerant coming out of the electronic expansion valve is evaporated under low pressure; the phase change cold storage box is connected with the second evaporator through a pipeline and is used for realizing cold release of the refrigerant of the phase change cold storage box; the first evaporator is mechanically connected with the first fan, and the second evaporator is mechanically connected with the second fan and is used for refrigerating or heating; each solenoid valve is provided on the connecting pipe for controlling the flow of fluid.
The phase-change cold storage box consists of an evaporation coil and a phase-change material, the phase-change temperature of the phase-change material is higher than the evaporation temperature of an air conditioner, the phase-change material is packaged outside the evaporation coil to form an independent phase-change cold storage box, and cold storage and cold release processes can be realized through heat transfer of the evaporation coil in the box.
thephasechangematerialisZJ-PCM-Aparaffininorganicsalt.
According to the utility model, rural farmers store grains as a research background, a small-sized cold accumulation air conditioner is taken as a research object, a phase change cold accumulation technology is combined, daily cold supply and grain and cold accumulation are comprehensively considered, the accumulated cold quantity is fully utilized in different use scenes, the utilization rate and the operation efficiency of the air conditioner are improved, and the energy consumption of a system is reduced.
In the utility model, the refrigerant enters two evaporation branches after being compressed by a compressor and condensed by a condenser. One of the branches is used for daily cooling, and a higher evaporation temperature (compressor-condenser-reservoir-first evaporator) can be adopted; the other branch corresponds to the grain storage and cold supply or the cold storage device for cold storage, is more suitable for adopting a lower evaporation temperature (compressor-condenser-liquid storage device-phase change cold storage box-second evaporator), adopts a novel phase change material with the phase change temperature higher than the evaporation temperature of an air conditioner, and encapsulates the novel phase change material outside an evaporation coil to form an independent phase change cold storage box, and can realize cold storage and cold release processes through heat transfer of the coil in the box.
In the cold accumulation process, the evaporation coil takes away heat of the phase change material through the refrigerant with lower temperature to realize cold accumulation; in the cooling process, an evaporation coil in the phase-change cold storage box is connected with an evaporator in the granary, and the on-off of the refrigerant between the evaporation coil and the evaporator is controlled by an electromagnetic valve. When the electromagnetic valve is opened, liquid refrigerant in the cold storage box flows into the evaporator under the action of gravity, and the liquid refrigerant cooperates with a fan of the evaporator to exchange heat with indoor air to realize cold release. The gaseous refrigerant flows back to the cold storage box under the action of gravity and exchanges heat with the phase change material in the box, then condenses, and enters the granary evaporator again for heat exchange and evaporation to form a cycle.
The utility model has the following positive beneficial effects:
1. according to the utility model, rural farmers store grains as a research background, a small-sized cold storage air conditioner is taken as a research object, and the daily cold supply and the grain storage and supply are comprehensively considered in combination with the electric energy and phase change cold storage technology, so that the stored cold quantity is fully utilized in different use scenes, the utilization rate and the operation efficiency of the air conditioner are improved, and the energy consumption of a system is reduced.
2. The utility model adopts a novel phase change material with the phase change temperature higher than the evaporation temperature of an air conditioner, and encapsulates the novel phase change material outside an evaporation coil to form an independent phase change cold storage box, and the cold storage and cold release processes are realized through the heat transfer of the coil in the box: A. the cold accumulation process is realized by a phase change cold accumulation box connected with the evaporator 1 in parallel. Two parallel refrigerant branches are arranged behind a conventional split air conditioner condenser, and the refrigerant branches respectively flow to an evaporator 1 and a refrigerant branch containing a phase change cold storage box under the control of electromagnetic valves and expansion valves of the branches, so that cold storage is realized. B. The cold releasing process realizes that the on-off of the refrigerant in the two communicating pipelines is regulated and controlled by the electromagnetic valve through the phase-change cold storage box and the evaporator 2 connected with the phase-change cold storage box, when the electromagnetic valve is opened, the liquid refrigerant in the cold storage box flows into the evaporator 2 under the action of gravity, and exchanges heat with air through the fan 2, so that the cold releasing is completed. C. The independent cooling of the daily room is completed through the other refrigerant branch circuit by the evaporator 1 and the matched fan 1, and when the cold accumulation box stores cold, the refrigerant entering the evaporator 1 is supercooled, so that the operation efficiency is improved.
3. The utility model realizes flexible switching between working conditions by adjusting the on-off of the solenoid valves of each branch, and realizes distribution between cooling and cold storage of the evaporator by adjusting the on-off of the solenoid valves of each branch, thereby solving the problem that the cold storage device of the existing air-conditioning water system can not be directly applied to a refrigerant system.
4. The utility model adopts the cold accumulation/cold release device of the gravity circulation of the refrigerant, can finish the cold release process by the gravity action of the refrigerant during the power failure, saves more energy and is more suitable for rural areas.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the connection of the components in the present utility model
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a phase change cold storage box according to the present utility model.
Detailed Description
The utility model is further explained and illustrated below with reference to the drawings:
referring to fig. 1, a rural domestic cold accumulation air conditioning system based on low temperature grain storage is characterized in that: the rural household solar cold accumulation air conditioning system based on low-temperature grain storage comprises a double-suction port compressor 1, a condenser 2, a liquid reservoir 3, a first evaporator 4, a phase change cold accumulation box 5, a second evaporator 6, a first electronic expansion valve 7, a second electronic expansion valve 8, a first electromagnetic valve 9, a second electromagnetic valve 10, a third electromagnetic valve 11, a fourth electromagnetic valve 12, a fifth electromagnetic valve 13, a sixth electromagnetic valve 14, a seventh electromagnetic valve 15, a first fan 16, a second fan 17 and a third fan 18; the double-suction port compressor 1, the condenser 2, the first electromagnetic valve 9, the liquid reservoir 3, the first electronic expansion valve 7, the first evaporator 4 and the first fan 16 form a daily cooling branch; the double-suction port compressor 1, the condenser 2, the first electromagnetic valve 9, the liquid reservoir 3, the second electronic expansion valve 8, the phase-change cold storage box 5, the third electromagnetic valve 11, the second evaporator 6, the second fan 17, the fourth electromagnetic valve 12 and the sixth electromagnetic valve 14 form a grain storage and cold supply branch.
The double-suction port compressor 1 is connected with the condenser 2 through a pipeline and is used for compressing a refrigerant and generating high-temperature and high-pressure gas; the condenser 2 is connected with the liquid storage device 3 through a pipeline and is used for cooling gas generated by compression of the compressor; the liquid reservoir 3 is connected with the first evaporator 4 and the second evaporator 6 through pipelines respectively and is used for storing high-pressure liquid from the condenser; the liquid reservoir 3 is respectively connected with the first electronic expansion valve 7 and the second electronic expansion valve 8 through pipelines and is used for adjusting flow and controlling superheat degree; the first electronic expansion valve 7 is connected with the first evaporator 4 through a pipeline, and the second electronic expansion valve 8 is connected with the second evaporator 6 through a pipeline, so that low-temperature refrigerant coming out of the electronic expansion valve is evaporated under low pressure; the phase change cold storage box 5 is connected with the second evaporator 6 through a pipeline and is used for realizing cold release of the refrigerant of the phase change cold storage box; the first evaporator 4 and the first fan 16 are mechanically connected, and the second evaporator 6 and the second fan 17 are mechanically connected for refrigeration or heating; each solenoid valve is provided on the connecting pipe for controlling the flow of fluid.
Referring to fig. 3, the phase-change cold storage box 5 is composed of an evaporation coil and a phase-change material, the phase-change temperature of the phase-change material is higher than the evaporation temperature of an air conditioner, the phase-change material is packaged outside the evaporation coil to form an independent phase-change cold storage box, and cold storage and cold release processes can be realized through heat transfer of the evaporation coil in the box.
thephasechangematerialisZJ-PCM-Aparaffininorganicsalt. Because the paraffin inorganic salt phase-change material has the advantages of safety, no toxicity, high phase-change latent heat, low price and the like, and various phase-change temperatures can be selected. theZJ-PCM-Aparaffininorganicsaltisselectedasacoldstoragematerial,thephasechangelatentheatcPCMis220kJ/kg,themeasuredsolidificationtemperatureisabout8℃,thetemperatureisslightlyhigherthantheevaporationtemperatureofarefrigerant(4.5℃inthework),andthemassofthephasechangecoldstoragematerialrequiredbycontinuouscoolingfor15minutesis29kg.
The utility model mainly comprises the components (an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor, an electronic expansion valve and the like) of a conventional air conditioning system, as well as a phase-change cold storage box, a fan and the like. The compressor adopts a double-suction port compressor to cope with different evaporation pressures of the respective refrigerant branches of the daily cooling and grain storage parts, and the energy loss caused by mixing of different pressures can be reduced. The distribution between the cooling of the evaporator and the cold accumulation of multiple cold passes is realized by adjusting the on-off state of the evaporator and the electromagnetic valves of each branch and the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve; the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve is controlled according to the degree of superheat by adjusting the on-off state of the electromagnetic valve of the refrigerant loop and the rotating speed of the matched fan, and the cold release quantity of the multi-cold-pass corresponding to different working conditions is controlled.
Referring to fig. 2, flexible switching between the working conditions is achieved by adjusting the on-off of the solenoid valves of the branches. The distribution between the cooling and cold accumulation of the evaporator is realized by adjusting the on-off of the evaporator and the electromagnetic valves of each branch; aiming at different requirements, five different working conditions of daily cooling and grain storage cold accumulation, independent cold accumulation of a grain storage part, daily independent cold supply (supercoolable), independent cold supply of the grain storage part and simultaneous cold supply of the daily and grain storage part can be realized, and the regulation and control strategies are shown in table 1.
(1) Working condition 1: daily cold supply and grain storage cold accumulation modes: the cold load of the daily air conditioning room is completely borne by the evaporator 1, and the phase change cold storage box 5 is in a cold storage state.
(2) Working condition 2: daily and grain storage are simultaneously cooled: the daily air conditioning room cold load is completely borne by the evaporator 1, the grain storage room cold load is mainly borne by the phase change cold storage box 5, and the redundant cold load is borne by the evaporator 2.
(3) Working condition 3: daily cooling alone (supercoolable) mode: the cold load of the room of the daily air conditioner is borne by the evaporator 1, and the cold accumulation amount in the phase-change cold accumulation box 5 supercools the refrigerant entering the evaporator 1, so that the temperature of the refrigerant entering the evaporator 1 is reduced.
(4) Working condition 4: the grain storage part is in a separate cooling mode: the cold load of the grain storage room is mainly borne by the cold accumulation amount in the phase change cold accumulation box 5, and the redundant cold load can be borne by the evaporator 2.
(5) Working condition 5: and a single cold accumulation mode of the grain storage part: the phase change cold storage box 5 is in a cold storage state, and the required cold is born by the evaporator 2.
Table 1 shows the specific regulation and control modes under five working conditions:
the working principle is as follows: the refrigerant is compressed by a compressor, condensed by a condenser and then enters two evaporation branches. One branch is used for daily cooling (compressor-condenser-reservoir-evaporator 1), and the other branch corresponds to grain storage and cooling or cold accumulation device cold accumulation (compressor-condenser-reservoir-phase change cold accumulation box-evaporator 2). The system adopts a novel phase change material with the phase change temperature slightly higher than the evaporation temperature of the air conditioner, and the novel phase change material is packaged outside the evaporation coil to form an independent phase change cold storage box, and cold storage and cold release processes can be realized through heat transfer of the coil in the box. In the cold accumulation process, the coil takes away the heat of the phase change material through the refrigerant with lower temperature; in the cooling process, an evaporation coil in the phase-change cold storage box is connected with an evaporator in the granary. When the electromagnetic valve is opened, liquid refrigerant in the cold storage box flows into the evaporator under the action of gravity, and the liquid refrigerant cooperates with a fan of the evaporator to exchange heat with indoor air to realize cold release. The gaseous refrigerant flows back to the cold storage box under the action of gravity, exchanges heat with the phase change material in the box, condenses, reenters the granary evaporator, exchanges heat and evaporates, and forms a cycle. The distribution between the cooling and cold accumulation of the evaporator is realized by adjusting the on-off state of the evaporator and the electromagnetic valves of each branch and the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve; the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve is controlled according to the degree of superheat to control the cold release quantity under different working conditions by adjusting the on-off state of the electromagnetic valve of the refrigerant loop and the rotating speed of the matched fan.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical substance of the present utility model still falls within the scope of the technical solution of the present utility model.
Claims (3)
1. A rural household cold accumulation air conditioning system based on low-temperature grain storage is characterized in that: the rural household solar cold accumulation air conditioning system based on low-temperature grain storage comprises a double-suction port compressor (1), a condenser (2), a liquid reservoir (3), a first evaporator (4), a phase-change cold accumulation box (5), a second evaporator (6), a first electronic expansion valve (7), a second electronic expansion valve (8), a first electromagnetic valve (9), a second electromagnetic valve (10), a third electromagnetic valve (11), a fourth electromagnetic valve (12), a fifth electromagnetic valve (13), a sixth electromagnetic valve (14), a seventh electromagnetic valve (15), a first fan (16), a second fan (17) and a third fan (18); the double-suction port compressor (1), the condenser (2), the first electromagnetic valve (9), the liquid storage device (3), the first electronic expansion valve (7), the first evaporator (4) and the first fan (16) form a daily cooling branch; the double-suction port compressor (1), the condenser (2), the first electromagnetic valve (9), the liquid storage device (3), the second electronic expansion valve (8), the phase-change cold storage box (5), the third electromagnetic valve (11), the second evaporator (6), the second fan (17), the fourth electromagnetic valve (12) and the sixth electromagnetic valve (14) form a grain storage and cooling branch.
2. The low temperature grain storage based rural domestic cold accumulation air conditioning system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the double-suction port compressor (1) is connected with the condenser (2) through a pipeline and is used for compressing a refrigerant and generating high-temperature high-pressure gas; the condenser (2) is connected with the liquid storage device (3) through a pipeline and is used for cooling the gas generated by compression of the compressor; the liquid storage device is characterized in that the liquid storage device (3) is connected with the first evaporator (4) and the second evaporator (6) through pipelines respectively and is used for storing high-pressure liquid from the condenser; the liquid reservoir (3) is respectively connected with the first electronic expansion valve (7) and the second electronic expansion valve (8) through pipelines, and is used for adjusting flow and controlling superheat degree; the first electronic expansion valve (7) is connected with the first evaporator (4) through a pipeline, and the second electronic expansion valve (8) is connected with the second evaporator (6) through a pipeline, so that low-temperature refrigerant coming out of the electronic expansion valve is evaporated under low pressure; the phase change cold storage box (5) is connected with the second evaporator (6) through a pipeline and is used for realizing cold release of the refrigerant of the phase change cold storage box; the first evaporator (4) is mechanically connected with the first fan (16), and the second evaporator (6) is mechanically connected with the second fan (17) for refrigerating or heating; each solenoid valve is provided on the connecting pipe for controlling the flow of fluid.
3. The low temperature grain storage based rural domestic cold accumulation air conditioning system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the phase-change cold storage box (5) is composed of an evaporation coil and a phase-change material, the phase-change temperature of the phase-change material is higher than the evaporation temperature of an air conditioner, the phase-change material is packaged outside the evaporation coil to form an independent phase-change cold storage box, and cold storage and cold release processes can be realized through heat transfer of the evaporation coil in the box.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202322159600.XU CN220436683U (en) | 2023-08-11 | 2023-08-11 | Rural household cold accumulation air conditioning system based on low-temperature grain storage |
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| CN202322159600.XU CN220436683U (en) | 2023-08-11 | 2023-08-11 | Rural household cold accumulation air conditioning system based on low-temperature grain storage |
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