CN220420671U - Battery package cooling structure suitable for quick charge - Google Patents
Battery package cooling structure suitable for quick charge Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN220420671U CN220420671U CN202321351510.4U CN202321351510U CN220420671U CN 220420671 U CN220420671 U CN 220420671U CN 202321351510 U CN202321351510 U CN 202321351510U CN 220420671 U CN220420671 U CN 220420671U
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- Prior art keywords
- battery
- battery pack
- heat transfer
- battery box
- quick charge
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of new energy automobiles, and solves the problem of effective heat dissipation of a battery pack during quick charge. The utility model relates to a battery pack cooling structure suitable for quick charge, which comprises a battery box and a battery pack cooling structure, wherein an aluminum material is adopted; a plurality of battery core accommodating cavities are arranged in the battery box, the peripheral edges of the battery core accommodating cavities form heat transfer vertical edges, the heat transfer vertical plates are contacted with the bottom of the battery box, and paraffin phase change materials are further filled in gaps between the battery cores and the heat transfer vertical plates in each battery accommodating cavity; the bottom of the battery box is internally sealed with a cooling medium flow passage or a heat exchange tube is fixedly arranged below the bottom of the battery box to form a cold plate, and the cooling medium flow passage or the heat exchange tube is externally connected with a cooling water circulation system or an automobile air conditioner direct cooling system. The structure is mainly based on solid immersion, liquid immersion is considered, the solid immersion is realized through the peripheral edge of the battery accommodating cavity, the liquid immersion is realized through paraffin phase change materials, the structure is simplified by combining the solid immersion and the paraffin phase change materials, and the rapid heat dissipation of the battery pack is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of new energy automobiles, and particularly relates to a battery pack cooling structure suitable for quick charging.
Background
With the development of new energy automobiles, the requirements of quick charging, cooling and freezing prevention of the power battery pack are higher in requirements on a battery pack thermal management system. Related manufacturers have developed various battery pack thermal management schemes and structures, such as air cooling for wind, tesla serpentine cooling, direct cooling with bitdi's refrigerant, kylin batteries of the Ningde age (greatly increasing the contact area of the cold plate and the battery), etc. The advantages and disadvantages of the existing cooling mode are as follows:
1. the air cooling scheme occupies a large space, so that a good heat dissipation effect is achieved, an air duct which occupies a large space is required to be designed, and the applicability is poor for a compact vehicle interior space.
2. The serpentine pipe water cooling scheme and the kylin battery water cooling scheme can be contacted with the side surface of the battery core in a larger area, so that a better heat dissipation effect can be achieved, but the requirement on uniformity of water distribution is higher, an additional water system is complex in overall system, and once cold water leaks, the system is easy to short-circuit. In the scheme of kylin batteries, the number of parallel cold plates is too large, and water flow is difficult to ensure uniformly.
3. The direct cooling scheme of the refrigerant has higher requirements on the design and the debugging of the cold plate flow channel, otherwise, the problems of uneven temperature, poor oil return and the like are easily caused.
In addition, a newer cooling mode, a liquid immersion cooling mode, has been applied to computers, but because the power battery pack area is too large, it is difficult to ensure the liquid temperature balance, and because of the high price of electronic fluorinated liquid, etc., it has not been applied to the automotive industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the battery pack cooling structure which has the advantages of simplified structure, space occupation saving and good and rapid and uniform heat dissipation and is suitable for rapid charging.
The above object of the present utility model is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a battery pack cooling structure suitable for quick charge comprises a battery box, wherein the battery box is made of aluminum materials; a plurality of battery core accommodating cavities are arranged in the battery box, the peripheral edges of the battery core accommodating cavities form heat transfer vertical edges, and the heat transfer vertical plates are contacted with the bottom of the electromagnetic box;
the bottom of the battery box is internally sealed with a cooling medium flow passage or a heat exchange tube is fixedly arranged below the bottom of the battery box to form a cold plate, and the cooling medium flow passage or the heat exchange tube is externally connected with a cooling water circulation system or an automobile air conditioner direct cooling system.
And a paraffin phase change material is filled in the space between the battery core and the peripheral heat transfer vertical plate in each battery accommodating cavity.
And the paraffin phase-change material adopts C18 paraffin.
And moreover, the battery box adopts an aluminum plate welding structure or an aluminum alloy pouring molding structure.
When the battery pack adopts square battery cells, the battery box is internally provided with the aluminum plates which are intersected vertically and horizontally to form evenly distributed cube inserting grids, each cube inserting grid forms a battery cell accommodating cavity, and the vertically and horizontally intersected aluminum plates form a heat transfer vertical plate.
And when the battery pack adopts a cylindrical battery core, a plurality of S-shaped aluminum plates extending longitudinally are arranged in the battery box in parallel, a battery accommodating cavity is formed between the opposite outer convex parts of two adjacent S-shaped aluminum plates, and the S-shaped aluminum plates form a heat transfer vertical plate.
The utility model has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the utility model uses the spacing aluminum plate at the periphery of the battery core as the heat transfer plate directly, the heat transfer plate forms a larger contact area with the periphery of the electromagnetic core, the characteristics of good aluminum heat conductivity are utilized, the rapid output of the heat of the battery core can be realized, the output heat generated by the battery is transferred to the bottom cold plate, the rapid absorption of the heat is realized through the cooling medium flowing through the heat exchange pipe and the cooling medium flow passage, and the similar effect of immersed cooling is achieved.
2. According to the utility model, the paraffin phase change material is filled in the gap between the battery core and the peripheral heat transfer vertical plate in the battery accommodating cavity, so that the influence of rapid heat release of the battery can be effectively buffered, the demand on the heat release of the system is reduced, and the weight and cost of the system are reduced. In summer, the thermal management system can control the phase change material to be in a solid state as much as possible so as to cope with possible rapid charging at any time; in winter, the thermal management system can control the phase change material to be in a liquid state during driving so as to store heat and enhance the freezing resistance of the battery pack.
3. According to the utility model, the pipeline for circulating the cooling medium is arranged outside the battery box, so that the cooling medium is isolated from the battery core, and leakage of the cooling medium caused by leakage can be avoided.
4. The utility model is essentially a cooling structure taking solid immersion as the main part and liquid immersion as the main part, wherein the solid immersion is realized by the peripheral edge of the battery accommodating cavity, and the liquid immersion is realized by the paraffin phase change material, so that the problem of flow uniformity of the existing immersion system is avoided, the requirement on the tightness of the battery can body is slightly low, and a liquid circulation system can be reduced under the condition of being connected with an automobile air conditioner direct cooling system, thereby being beneficial to the simplified arrangement of the system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a structure 1 of the present utility model applicable to a square battery cell;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a structure of a square battery cell according to the present utility model 2;
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a square battery cell to which the present utility model is applicable;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a structure 1 of the present utility model applicable to a cylindrical battery cell;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a structure of the present utility model applicable to a cylindrical battery cell 2;
fig. 6 is a simulation diagram of the solid heat conduction uniformity analysis performed by the present utility model.
Detailed Description
The structure of the present utility model will be further described by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the present embodiments are illustrative and not restrictive.
Referring to fig. 1-6, the utility model relates to a battery pack cooling structure suitable for quick charging, which comprises the following steps: the battery box 1 is of an aluminum plate welding structure or an aluminum alloy pouring forming structure. A plurality of battery core accommodating cavities 1.2 are distributed in the battery box, the peripheral edges of the battery core accommodating cavities form heat transfer standing edges 1.1, the heat transfer standing edges play a role of fins, and the heat transfer standing plates are in contact with the bottom of the electromagnetic box, so that heat generated by the battery core is quickly transferred to the bottom of the battery box through the heat transfer standing plates.
The bottom 1.3 of the battery box can adopt a flat plate structure, and a heat exchange tube 2 for cooling medium circulation is fixed below the flat plate in a brazing mode and the like. The bottom of the battery box can also adopt a two-layer aluminum plate assembly welding structure with a flow passage punched, namely, a cooling medium flow passage is arranged in the bottom of the battery box. The arrangement form of the heat exchange tubes or the flow channels is not obvious, so long as uniform and rapid heat dissipation at the bottom of the battery box can be realized. The heat exchange tube or the cooling medium runner can be connected with a set of independent water circulation refrigerating system, can also be directly connected with a direct cooling system of an automobile air conditioner, and can exchange heat directly by the cooling medium in the automobile air conditioner system, so that the optimal design of the system is realized. The heat exchange tube can be, but not limited to, a round tube as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 5, and is welded with the bottom of the electromagnetic box, so that the contact area of the heat exchange tube and the electromagnetic box is enough. The tube heat exchange tube adopts an aluminum tube, and phi 8t1 is preferred. The heat exchange tube adopts the aluminum tube of finished product, can improve the reliability of the product. And the two layers of aluminum plate stamping combined structure is adopted, so that the production efficiency can be improved. In the case of using a finished aluminum tube, the aluminum tube is brazed to a battery case bottom plate 1 to 5mm thick to form a cold plate. And the bottom of the battery box plays a role of a cold plate by adopting a two-layer aluminum plate stamping combined structure.
The paraffin phase change material 3 is further filled in the gap between the battery core 4 and the peripheral heat transfer vertical plate in each battery accommodating cavity, so that a large amount of heat can be effectively dissipated in a short time through paraffin phase change, and the requirement on the performance of the cold plate is reduced. For current lithium ion batteries, the optimal working temperature is 20-35 ℃, preferably C18 paraffin wax with a melting point of 28 ℃. The relation between the working temperature and the performance of the lithium ion battery is shown in the following table:
table one: relation between working temperature and performance of lithium ion battery
According to the relation between the working temperature and the performance of the lithium ion battery in the graph, the melting points of paraffin with different numbers of C chains are combined, C18 paraffin is selected, the phase transition temperature is just in the optimal working temperature range of the lithium ion battery, the phase transition temperature is in a solid state at the beginning of quick charge, heat buffering is facilitated, and paraffin is in a liquid state at the higher temperature of the battery, so that heat dissipation is facilitated to be enhanced.
The C18 paraffin is used as a phase change material, can emit heat during solidification in winter, and can improve the freezing resistance of the battery pack.
In summary, the battery pack cooling structure suitable for fast charging provides a cooling mode mainly comprising solid immersion (heat transfer through a heat transfer vertical side of a battery box) and liquid immersion (phase-change paraffin). The technical scheme can be adopted for battery cores with different shapes.
1. For square battery cells, regular-shape cube inserts are formed in the battery box by using vertically and horizontally intersected aluminum plates, each cube insert forms a battery cell accommodating cavity, and the vertically and horizontally intersected aluminum plates form a heat transfer vertical plate, see fig. 1-3. And an aluminum plate (heat conduction aluminum plate) with the thickness of 1-5 mm is used for realizing heat dissipation through solid heat conduction. It is enough to increase the thickness partially or wholly from the radiating angle of 1-2 mm, and better strength can be provided for the battery pack frame.
2. For cylindrical cells, an edge S-shaped insert (like a tesla coil) may be formed from an aluminum plate with an S-shape to increase the cell placement density, see fig. 4-5.
3. For cylindrical cells, it is also possible to cast a thick aluminum honeycomb plate (providing overall structural strength), with a portion of the honeycomb being solid and having posts projecting to extend to the cold plate, the posts serving the three functions of pouring flow channels, fixing the upper and lower shells, and conducting heat from the cold plate. In the production process, the cylindrical battery is firstly placed in a honeycomb, fixed by paraffin, and the upper shell and the lower shell are fixed after the binding posts are welded, and can be integrated with a cold plate.
This be fit for battery package cooling structure who fills soon has adopted the heat conduction scheme that uses aluminium metal heat conduction as the main part, and the heat transfer riser in the battery case adopts aluminium sheet structure, compares in current mode that carries out the heat exchange with the side of battery core in introducing the battery case with coolant, when heat transfer performance improves, has saved heat transfer structure's occupation space, in equal space, is favorable to improving the energy storage electric quantity of battery, specifically does: energy density is one of the most important indicators of a battery, and includes two aspects: wh/kg and Wh/L, the first being the power storage per unit weight and the second being the power storage per potentiometric volume. By adopting the metal heat conduction scheme, the influence of the electricity storage quantity per unit weight is small in theory, but the electricity storage quantity per unit volume is improved, the cost is reduced obviously, and the reliability is improved obviously.
And (3) calculating heat exchange capacity of the cold plate:
500km endurance, fast charge, 10kW of cold plate is required. The paraffin phase change material is added, so that the requirement on the performance of the cold plate can be reduced. To avoid overheating of the battery, fast charging requires enhanced heat dissipation. The performance of the paraffin wax heat storage material is shown in a second table; the paraffin phase change material is not filled, and the heat dissipation power requirement of the cold plate is shown in Table III: filling paraffin phase-change materials, and the heat dissipation power requirement of the cold plate is shown in Table IV:
and (II) table: paraffin heat storage material performance
Table three: cold plate heat radiation power requirement (paraffin phase change material is not added)
| Cell energy density | 200 | Wh/kg | Setting value |
| Heat generation rate of charging | 5％ | Setting value | |
| Charging time | 900 | s | Setting value, taking into consideration according to 4C quick charge |
| Battery pack capacity | 80 | kWh | Setting value |
| Heating value of charging | 14400 | kJ | |
| Charging heating power | 16 | kW | |
| Weight in heat-insulating layer of battery pack | 360 | kg | Set 90% of the weight of the battery pack in the heat-insulating layer |
| Specific heat capacity in heat insulation layer of battery pack | 1 | kJ/kg℃ | General estimation |
| Battery pack temperature before charging | 25 | ℃ | General estimation |
| Temperature of battery pack after charging | 40 | ℃ | General estimation |
| Self heat absorption capacity of battery pack | 5400 | kJ | |
| Filling amount of phase change material | 0 | kg | Setting value, comprehensively considering porosity |
| Phase change material properties | 243 | kJ/kg | C18 paraffin wax with phase transition temperature of 28 DEG C |
| Heat absorption capacity of phase change material | 0 | kJ | |
| Heat taken away by cold plate | 9000 | kJ | |
| Cooling power of cold plate | 10 | kW |
Table four: cooling power requirement (Paraffin phase-change material)
| Filling amount of phase change material | 20 | kg | Setting value, comprehensively considering porosity |
| Phase change material properties | 243 | kJ/kg | C18 paraffin wax with phase transition temperature of 28 DEG C |
| Heat absorption capacity of phase change material | 4860 | kJ | |
| Heat taken away by cold plate | 4140 | kJ | |
| Cooling power of cold plate | 4.6 | kW |
Solid heat conduction uniformity analysis:
simulation conditions:
1. the heat conduction aluminum plate is 2mm thick and 200mm high (considered according to the maximum thickness of the battery pack);
2. the peripheral temperature of the aluminum plate is 30-40 ℃ (the temperature of the battery cell);
3. aluminum plate and peripheral heat transfer coefficient values: 5-10W/m 2 K (5 and 10 simulation results are almost identical);
4. one side of the aluminum plate is welded on a cold plate, and the temperature of the cold plate is 15 DEG C
The simulation result is shown in fig. 6, and according to the simulation structure, the preliminary conclusion is that: 1. the temperature difference is less than 2.5 ℃; 2. solid heat conduction is feasible.
Although the embodiments of the present utility model and the accompanying drawings have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: various substitutions, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the utility model and the appended claims, and therefore the scope of the utility model is not limited to the embodiments and the disclosure of the drawings.
Claims (6)
1. A battery package cooling structure who is fit for quick charge, its characterized in that: the battery box is made of aluminum materials; a plurality of battery core accommodating cavities are arranged in the battery box, the peripheral edges of the battery core accommodating cavities form heat transfer vertical edges, and the heat transfer vertical plates are contacted with the bottom of the battery box;
the bottom of the battery box is internally sealed with a cooling medium flow passage or a heat exchange tube is fixedly arranged below the bottom of the battery box to form a cold plate, and the cooling medium flow passage or the heat exchange tube is externally connected with a cooling water circulation system or an automobile air conditioner direct cooling system.
2. The battery pack cooling structure adapted for quick charge as set forth in claim 1, wherein: and paraffin phase change materials are filled in gaps between the battery core and the peripheral heat transfer vertical plates in each battery accommodating cavity.
3. The battery pack cooling structure adapted for quick charge as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the paraffin phase-change material adopts C18 paraffin.
4. The battery pack cooling structure adapted for quick charge as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the battery box adopts an aluminum plate welding structure or an aluminum alloy pouring forming structure.
5. The battery pack cooling structure adapted for quick charge as set forth in claim 1, wherein: when the battery pack adopts square battery cells, the battery box is internally provided with the aluminum plates which are vertically and horizontally intersected to form evenly distributed cube inserting grids, each cube inserting grid forms a battery cell accommodating cavity, and the vertically and horizontally intersected aluminum plates form a heat transfer vertical plate.
6. The battery pack cooling structure adapted for quick charge as set forth in claim 1, wherein: when the battery pack adopts a cylindrical battery core, a plurality of S-shaped aluminum plates extending longitudinally are arranged in parallel in the battery box, a battery accommodating cavity is formed between opposite outer convex parts of two adjacent S-shaped aluminum plates, and the S-shaped aluminum plates form a heat transfer vertical plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321351510.4U CN220420671U (en) | 2023-05-31 | 2023-05-31 | Battery package cooling structure suitable for quick charge |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321351510.4U CN220420671U (en) | 2023-05-31 | 2023-05-31 | Battery package cooling structure suitable for quick charge |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN220420671U true CN220420671U (en) | 2024-01-30 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321351510.4U Active CN220420671U (en) | 2023-05-31 | 2023-05-31 | Battery package cooling structure suitable for quick charge |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN220420671U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-05-31 CN CN202321351510.4U patent/CN220420671U/en active Active
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