CN220420620U

CN220420620U - Natural gas reformer

Info

Publication number: CN220420620U
Application number: CN202321845162.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈涛; 李淇; 陆涵; 杜琳琳; 罗庆林; 姜松林; 陈俊杰; 魏勇; 何长荣; 王蔚国; 杨光; 刘建辉; 孟伟
Original assignee: Ningbo Sofcman Energy Technology Co ltd; Shenzhen Gas Corp Ltd
Current assignee: Ningbo Sofcman Energy Technology Co ltd; Shenzhen Gas Corp Ltd
Priority date: 2023-07-13
Filing date: 2023-07-13
Publication date: 2024-01-30
Anticipated expiration: 2033-07-13

Abstract

A natural gas reformer comprising a housing, characterized in that: the shell separates the inner layer and the outer layer space into a combustion chamber and a reforming chamber which are communicated, the reforming pipes are a plurality of inverted U-shaped pipes which are respectively arranged between the reforming chamber and the combustion chamber at intervals in a circumferential direction, thermocouples are arranged in the combustion chamber, a mixed gas inlet pipe which is communicated with an inlet of the reforming pipe is arranged on one side of the lower part of the shell, a reformed gas outlet pipe which is communicated with an outlet of the reforming pipe is arranged on the other side of the lower part of the shell, a tail gas outlet pipe is arranged on one side of the upper end of the shell, and a cathode gas inlet pipe and an anode gas inlet pipe which are communicated with the combustion chamber are further arranged at the lower end of the shell. The utility model has reasonable, compact and light structural design, convenient installation and high heat exchange efficiency, and can be used for reforming natural gas of a fuel cell power generation system.

Description

Natural gas reformer

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and relates to a natural gas reformer which is used for preparing hydrogen by reforming natural gas.

Background

A fuel cell power generation system is a device for converting chemical energy into electrical energy, typically using hydrogen as a fuel, which is produced by a natural gas reformer. Thus, the natural gas reformer is an important component in a fuel cell power generation system. In the natural gas reformer, the reactions of natural gas steam reforming hydrogen production, natural gas catalytic partial oxidation hydrogen production, natural gas autothermal reforming hydrogen production and the like can be carried out.

The hydrogen-rich gas used in the fuel cell power generation system needs to be generated by reforming hydrogen production equipment, the reaction for preparing hydrogen is endothermic, and a heating device is needed to provide heat required by the reaction. The existing reforming hydrogen production equipment mainly provides a heat source in an electric heating mode, and a small part of reforming hydrogen production equipment heated by fossil fuel also needs to continuously feed fuel from the outside, and the fuel and the heat in the waste gas of the electric pile are not recycled, so that the heat can not be provided for reforming reaction by utilizing the exothermic reaction in the electric pile to form a cycle.

Reforming hydrogen plants heated using fossil fuels often employ direct combustion or catalytic combustion to produce heat. Both of these approaches have drawbacks: the reforming hydrogen production equipment adopting catalytic combustion has the defects of complex structure, difficult maintenance, high cost, slow temperature rise and long starting time; the burner of the reforming hydrogen production equipment adopting direct combustion has the defects of huge structure, difficult ignition, unstable combustion, incomplete combustion and the like.

Through examination, the China patent with the prior patent number of CN202222548814.1, namely a fuel reformer for a solid oxide fuel cell system, comprises a reformed gas heating cavity, a raw material gas feeding cavity and a reformed gas outlet cavity; one end of the reformed gas heating cavity is communicated with the raw material gas feeding cavity, and the other end of the reformed gas heating cavity is communicated with the reformed gas outlet cavity; the raw material gas inlet channel is communicated with the raw material gas feeding cavity; the reformed gas outlet channel is communicated with the reformed gas outlet cavity; a high-temperature flue gas passing area and a raw material gas reforming channel are arranged in the reformed gas heating cavity; a catalyst for reforming reaction is arranged in the feed gas reforming channel, and the feed gas feeding cavity is communicated with the reformed gas outlet cavity through the feed gas reforming channel; the high-temperature flue gas inlet channel, the high-temperature flue gas passing region and the high-temperature flue gas outlet channel are sequentially communicated so that the high-temperature flue gas flows through the high-temperature flue gas passing region to exchange heat with the raw material gas reforming channel; the reformed gas heating cavity is provided with a baffling structure for prolonging the flow travel of the high-temperature flue gas in the high-temperature flue gas passing area. The reformer improves the conversion efficiency by arranging the baffling structure, but the baffling structure is complex, has high cost and is not easy to maintain.

Accordingly, there is a need to provide a natural gas reformer for a SOFC power generation system that addresses the problems of the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem of providing the natural gas reformer with reasonable structural design and high heat exchange efficiency aiming at the current state of the art.

The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: a natural gas reformer comprising a housing, characterized in that: the shell separates the inner layer and the outer layer space into a combustion chamber and a reforming chamber which are communicated, the reforming pipes are a plurality of inverted U-shaped pipes which are respectively arranged between the reforming chamber and the combustion chamber at intervals in a circumferential direction, thermocouples are arranged in the combustion chamber, a mixed gas inlet pipe which is communicated with an inlet of the reforming pipe is arranged on one side of the lower part of the shell, a reformed gas outlet pipe which is communicated with an outlet of the reforming pipe is arranged on the other side of the lower part of the shell, a tail gas outlet pipe is arranged on one side of the upper end of the shell, and a cathode gas inlet pipe and an anode gas inlet pipe which are communicated with the combustion chamber are further arranged at the lower end of the shell.

Preferably, the reforming chamber is arranged in the outer space, the combustion chamber is arranged in the inner space, and the reforming pipes are uniformly arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction.

As an improvement, the casing includes coaxial urceolus and inner tube, the upper end of inner tube is less than the urceolus, the lower extreme of inner tube stretches out in the urceolus bottom, the upper end of urceolus is equipped with the shrouding, the lower extreme of inner tube is equipped with down the shrouding, be equipped with well shrouding between the lower extreme of urceolus and the inner tube outer wall, the reforming tube is the setting of falling the U-shaped, the lower part transversely is equipped with the tube sheet that supplies reforming tube, thermocouple location in the casing, the one end of reforming tube passes the tube sheet setting in the inner tube, the other end sets up between inner tube and urceolus, the gas mixture intake pipe sets up the lower extreme right side of inner tube and is linked together with reforming tube, the reformed gas outlet duct sets up in the lower extreme left side of urceolus, the tail gas outlet duct sets up the upper end right side at the urceolus.

Further, a sleeve pipe for inserting and positioning a heating couple is vertically arranged in the middle of the upper end of the tube plate, the lower end of the sleeve pipe is positioned on the tube plate, a thermocouple is inserted in the sleeve pipe, the upper end of the thermocouple penetrates through the upper sealing plate to extend out of the shell, the thermocouple is connected with the controller, a mixed combustion tube is arranged at the lower end of the tube plate, the mixed combustion tube penetrates through the lower sealing plate to extend out of the shell, and a cathode gas inlet tube and an anode gas inlet tube are connected and form the mixed combustion tube to be communicated with a combustion chamber in the shell.

Still further, gas distribution plate and filter are installed to the department of the intercommunication of gas mixture intake pipe, cathode gas intake pipe, positive pole gas intake pipe and casing, and the lower extreme of tube sheet corresponds with reforming tube's position and is equipped with baffle and filter.

Furthermore, the reforming tube is filled with a catalyst for reforming reaction, the inner diameter of the catalyst is smaller than that of the reforming tube by 1-6mm, and a plurality of layers of iron-chromium-aluminum mesh sleeves which are coaxially distributed are arranged in the combustion chamber and the reforming chamber and are used for filtering and heat storage.

Further, the lower part of the outer cylinder is a diameter-expanding part, the diameter-expanding part is in sealing connection with the outer wall of the outer cylinder through a transition plate, and the tube plate and the reformed gas outlet tube are arranged on the diameter-expanding part.

Further, the reformed gas outlet pipe is connected with the filter mechanism, and the reformed gas is filtered by the filter mechanism to remove dust particles and then enters the subsequent process flow.

Finally, a tail gas cavity is convexly arranged on the right side of the shell, and a tail gas outlet pipe is arranged on the upper portion of the tail gas cavity.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that: the reforming tube is designed into a U-shaped tube, so that the heat exchange area is effectively increased, the heat exchange efficiency is higher, the height is reduced, the flow is concise, and the installation is more convenient; the shell is designed into an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, the mixed gas inlet pipe is connected with the inner cylinder, the reformed gas outlet pipe and the tail gas outlet pipe are connected with the outer cylinder, and a gas distribution plate and a filter plate are arranged at the joint of the inlet pipe and the shell, so that gas uniformly enters each reformed pipe for reaction; the middle part in the reforming chamber is provided with a combustion chamber, and a thermocouple is arranged to effectively monitor the temperature of the catalyst layer and prevent overtemperature; the reformed gas outlet pipe is connected with the filtering mechanism, dust particles mixed with the reacted gas are filtered, so that the content of gas dust particles entering the cell pile is greatly reduced, and the blocking probability of a cell flow passage is reduced. The utility model has reasonable, compact and light structural design, convenient installation and high heat exchange efficiency, and can be used for reforming natural gas of a fuel cell power generation system.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present utility model;

Detailed Description

The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the embodiments of the drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a natural gas reformer comprises a housing 1, reforming tubes 2 and thermocouples 3, wherein the reforming tubes 2 and thermocouples 3 are arranged in the housing 1, the reforming tubes 2A in the outer space and the combustion chambers 2B in the inner space are arranged in the housing 1 and are communicated, the reforming tubes 2 are a plurality of U-shaped tubes and are uniformly arranged between the reforming tubes 2A and the combustion chambers 2B at intervals in a circumferential direction respectively, the combustion chambers 2B are arranged in the middle part of the reforming tubes 2A, the thermocouples 3 are arranged in the combustion chambers 2B, the inlets of the reforming tubes 2 are communicated with the mixed gas inlet tubes 1a are arranged on the right side of the lower part of the housing 1, the outlets of the reforming tubes 2 are communicated with the reforming gas outlet tubes 1d are arranged on the left side of the lower part of the housing 1, the tail gas outlet tubes 1e are communicated with the tail gas cavity 17 are arranged on the right side of the upper end of the housing 1, and the cathode gas inlet tubes 1B and the anode gas inlet tubes 1c are communicated with the combustion chambers 2B.

The concrete structure is as follows: the shell 1 comprises an outer cylinder 11 and an inner cylinder 12 which are coaxial, the upper end of the inner cylinder 12 is lower than the outer cylinder 11, the lower end of the inner cylinder 12 extends out of the bottom of the outer cylinder 11, an upper sealing plate 13 is arranged at the upper end of the outer cylinder 11, a lower sealing plate 14 is arranged at the lower end of the inner cylinder 12, a middle sealing plate 15 is arranged between the lower end of the outer cylinder 11 and the outer wall of the inner cylinder 12, the reforming pipe 2 is arranged in an inverted U shape, a tube plate 4 for positioning the reforming pipe 2 and the thermocouple 3 is transversely arranged at the lower part in the shell 1, one end inlet of the reforming pipe 2 passes through the tube plate 4 and is arranged in the inner cylinder 12 and is fixed through a baffle 6, the right lower part of the inner cylinder 12 is connected with a mixed gas inlet pipe 1a, so that the inlet of the reforming pipe 2 is communicated with the mixed gas inlet pipe 1a, the other end of the reforming pipe 2 is arranged between the inner cylinder 12 and the outer cylinder 11, the left lower part of the outer cylinder 11 is connected with a whole gas outlet pipe 1d, so that the outlet of the reforming pipe 2 is communicated with the whole gas outlet pipe 1d, the right side of the mixed gas inlet pipe 1a is arranged at the lower end of the inner cylinder 12 and the reforming pipe 2A, and the right side of the tail gas outlet pipe 1e is communicated with the tail gas cavity 17 is arranged in the shell. The middle part of the upper end of the tube plate 4 is vertically provided with a sleeve 30 for inserting and positioning a heating thermocouple 3, the lower end of the sleeve 30 is positioned on the tube plate 4, a thermocouple 3 is inserted in the sleeve 30, the upper end of the thermocouple 3 penetrates through an upper sealing plate 13 to extend out of the shell 1, the thermocouple 3 is connected with a controller, the thermocouple 3 is used for monitoring the temperature of a catalyst layer and preventing over-temperature, the temperature collected by the thermocouple 3 is fed back to the controller, the start and stop of gas heating are determined according to a temperature set value of the controller, if the temperature is higher than a preset value of the thermocouple 3, the continuous heating is stopped, and if the temperature is lower than the set value, the heating work is started. The lower end of the tube plate 4 is provided with a mixed combustion tube 10, the upper end of the mixed combustion tube 10 is communicated with the combustion chamber 2B, the mixed combustion tube 10 passes through the lower sealing plate 14 to extend out of the shell 1, and the cathode gas inlet tube 1B and the anode gas inlet tube 1c are connected and form the mixed combustion tube 10 which is communicated with the combustion chamber 2B in the shell 1.

A gas distribution plate and a filter plate are arranged at the communication positions of the mixed gas inlet pipe 1a, the cathode gas inlet pipe 1b and the anode gas inlet pipe 1c and the shell 1. The reforming tube 2 is filled with a catalyst for reforming reaction, the inner diameter of the catalyst is smaller than the inner diameter of the reforming tube 2 by 1-6mm, the combustion chamber 2B is internally provided with a plurality of layers of iron-chromium-aluminum mesh sleeves 5 which are distributed coaxially, the iron-chromium-aluminum mesh sleeves can be used for filtering and heat storage, and the reforming chamber 2A can also be internally provided with the iron-chromium-aluminum mesh sleeves 5 which are distributed coaxially.

The lower part of the outer cylinder 11 is an expanded diameter part, the expanded diameter part is in sealing connection with the outer wall of the outer cylinder 11 through a transition plate 16, and part of the tube plate 6 and the reformed gas outlet tube 1d are arranged on the expanded diameter part. The reformed gas outlet pipe 1d is connected with the filter mechanism, and the reformed gas is filtered by the filter mechanism to remove dust particles and then enters the subsequent process flow.

The right side of the shell 1 is convexly provided with a tail gas cavity 17, and a tail gas outlet pipe 1e is arranged at the upper part of the tail gas cavity 17.

The working principle is as follows:

the reaction gas flow enters the shell 1 from the gas inlet pipe through the gas distribution plate to be uniformly distributed, and the reaction gas flow generates catalytic reaction in the process of passing through the catalyst under the heating action of the electric heating mechanism, and generates CO and H through the pyrolysis reforming reaction ₂ O、CO ₂ 、H ₂ The gas generated by the reaction takes away dust particles of the catalyst when passing through the catalyst, the dust particles enter a filtering mechanism along with the gas along an air outlet pipe, the dust particles are filtered under the action of the filtering mechanism, and the gas enters a subsequent process flow along an outlet of the filtering mechanism; the method realizes the steam catalytic reforming reaction of the natural gas, and filters out dust particles mixed with the reacted gas, so that the content of the gas dust particles entering the cell pile is greatly reduced, and the blocking probability of a cell flow passage is reduced.

Because the reforming tube 2 of this embodiment is designed as the inverted U-shaped tubular, greatly increased heat exchange area, heat exchange efficiency are higher, reduce the height, the flow becomes succinct, simple to operate, the structure is light and handy.

The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, and it should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present utility model, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A natural gas reformer comprising a housing, characterized in that: the shell separates the inner layer and the outer layer space into a combustion chamber and a reforming chamber which are communicated, the reforming pipes are a plurality of inverted U-shaped pipes which are respectively arranged between the reforming chamber and the combustion chamber at intervals in a circumferential direction, thermocouples are arranged in the combustion chamber, a mixed gas inlet pipe which is communicated with an inlet of the reforming pipe is arranged on one side of the lower part of the shell, a reformed gas outlet pipe which is communicated with an outlet of the reforming pipe is arranged on the other side of the lower part of the shell, a tail gas outlet pipe is arranged on one side of the upper end of the shell, and a cathode gas inlet pipe and an anode gas inlet pipe which are communicated with the combustion chamber are further arranged at the lower end of the shell.

2. A natural gas reformer in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the reforming chamber is arranged in the outer space, the combustion chamber is arranged in the inner space, and the reforming pipes are uniformly arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction.

3. A natural gas reformer in accordance with claim 2, wherein: the shell comprises a coaxial outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, the upper end of the inner cylinder is lower than the outer cylinder, the lower end of the inner cylinder extends out of the bottom of the outer cylinder, an upper sealing plate is arranged at the upper end of the outer cylinder, a lower sealing plate is arranged at the lower end of the inner cylinder, a middle sealing plate is arranged between the lower end of the outer cylinder and the outer wall of the inner cylinder, a reforming tube is arranged in an inverted U shape, a tube plate for positioning the reforming tube and a thermocouple is transversely arranged at the lower part in the shell, one end of the reforming tube passes through the tube plate to be arranged in the inner cylinder, the other end of the reforming tube is arranged between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, a mixed gas inlet pipe is arranged on the right side of the lower end of the inner cylinder and is communicated with the reforming tube, a reformed gas outlet pipe is arranged on the left side of the lower end of the outer cylinder, and a tail gas outlet pipe is arranged on the right side of the upper end of the outer cylinder.

4. A natural gas reformer in accordance with claim 3, wherein: the middle part of the upper end of the tube plate is vertically provided with a sleeve for inserting and positioning a heating thermocouple, the lower end of the sleeve is positioned on the tube plate, the thermocouple is inserted in the sleeve, the upper end of the thermocouple penetrates through the upper sealing plate to extend out of the shell, the thermocouple is connected with the controller, the lower end of the tube plate is provided with a mixed combustion tube, the mixed combustion tube penetrates through the lower sealing plate to extend out of the shell, and the cathode gas inlet tube and the anode gas inlet tube are connected and form a mixed combustion tube to be communicated with a combustion chamber in the shell.

5. The natural gas reformer of claim 4, wherein: the gas distribution plate and the filter plate are arranged at the communication part of the mixed gas inlet pipe, the cathode gas inlet pipe and the anode gas inlet pipe and the shell, and the baffle plate and the filter plate are arranged at the lower end of the tube plate corresponding to the position of the reforming pipe.

6. A natural gas reformer in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the reforming tube is filled with a catalyst for reforming reaction, the inner diameter of the catalyst is smaller than that of the reforming tube by 1-6mm, and a plurality of layers of iron-chromium-aluminum mesh sleeves which are coaxially distributed are arranged in the combustion chamber and the reforming chamber and are used for filtering and heat storage.

7. A natural gas reformer in accordance with any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein: the lower part of the outer cylinder is a diameter-expanding part, the diameter-expanding part is in sealing connection with the outer wall of the outer cylinder through a transition plate, and part of the tube plate and the reformed gas outlet tube are arranged on the diameter-expanding part.

8. A natural gas reformer in accordance with any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein: the reformed gas outlet pipe is connected with the filter mechanism, and the reformed gas is filtered by the filter mechanism to remove dust particles and then enters the subsequent process flow.

9. A natural gas reformer in accordance with any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein: the right side of the shell is convexly provided with a tail gas cavity, and a tail gas outlet pipe is arranged at the upper part of the tail gas cavity.