CN220364546U - Charging column structure for blast furnace open charge - Google Patents
Charging column structure for blast furnace open charge Download PDFInfo
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- CN220364546U CN220364546U CN202320283651.0U CN202320283651U CN220364546U CN 220364546 U CN220364546 U CN 220364546U CN 202320283651 U CN202320283651 U CN 202320283651U CN 220364546 U CN220364546 U CN 220364546U
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 139
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 8
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001669679 Eleotris Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The utility model discloses a charging column structure of a blast furnace opening material, and belongs to the technical field of blast furnace opening. The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: by establishing the coke drum in the central area in the blast furnace, gas generated by the blowing-in can be converged into the coke drum and discharged upwards along the coke drum, so that the air permeability in the blowing-in process is improved, the phenomenon of suspension is avoided, the blowing-in efficiency is greatly improved, and the blowing-in time is shortened.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of blast furnace opening, in particular to a blast furnace opening material charging column structure.
Background
The operation of blowing in the blast furnace is an essential important link of putting the blast furnace into production, and the technology of blowing in the blast furnace is more and more mature along with the continuous development of the iron-making process.
The existing blast furnace opening process technology is mature, full-air operation within 36 hours can be basically realized, normal production indexes can be achieved within 72 hours, but in actual furnace opening operation, because of the environment-friendly limit of a steel rabbet, wind-carrying charging is forbidden, more powder is contained in furnace opening materials, the air permeability of a material column is influenced, the wind adding rhythm is slow in the furnace opening process, the gas introducing operation is delayed, the furnace opening efficiency is influenced, and the defects of relatively slow furnace opening reaction progress, high furnace opening consumption and the like caused by unreasonable furnace opening material proportion exist. As shown in fig. 1, a conventional open-furnace charging material column structure is simplified, wherein a material column structure 100 sequentially comprises a clean coke layer 1, an empty coke layer 2 and a load material layer 3 from bottom to top, and the clean coke layer 1 is filled with coke; auxiliary materials and coke are filled on the empty coke layer 2, and load materials and coke are filled on the load material layer 3; the empty coke layer 2 is a layer structure formed by alternately laminating auxiliary material layers 21 and first coke layers 22; the charge layer 3 has a layer structure in which charge sublayers 31 and second coke layers 32 are alternately stacked.
The utility model patent application with publication number of CN103305641A discloses a blast furnace open charging method, which comprises the steps of dividing a blast furnace charging process into a hearth charging stage, a furnace body middle-lower charging stage, a material flow track testing stage and a residual furnace charging stage in sequence according to time sequence; when the furnace hearth and the middle lower part of the furnace body are in the charging stage, cold air is blown into the blast furnace; when the material flow track testing stage is in, the blast furnace is in damping down, the material flow track testing is carried out, and the material is distributed in a mineral coke clamping mode in the material flow track testing process; blowing the blast furnace while in the charging phase of the remaining charge; the adoption of the charging with air can blow out the dust of the furnace opening material into the atmosphere, so that the environment pollution is caused, and the environment protection requirement of a steel enterprise is not met.
The utility model patent application with publication number of CN108315514A discloses a blast furnace opening charging method, each system of the blast furnace before opening is debugged and the opened furnace burden is prepared, empty coke is added into the blast furnace, and the empty coke is charged to a position below the furnace waist, which can form a furnace burden soft melting zone; hot air is fed into the blast furnace, the air pressure is controlled to be more than or equal to 0.100Mpa, and empty coke is continuously added into the blast furnace in the air feeding process until the material line is normal. The semi-charging mode is adopted, so that cold furnace-opening furnace burden is prevented from being thrown into a blast furnace once, meanwhile, part of furnace burden is pre-loaded, the charging line with wind is blown into the blast furnace, a material column can be loosened by blowing in the charging line with wind after part of furnace burden is pre-loaded, but the dust of the furnace-opening furnace burden can be blown out into the atmosphere to cause environmental pollution, and the environment protection requirement of a steel enterprise is not met.
Another patent application of the utility model with the publication number of CN105506203A discloses a blast furnace opening batching method, wherein the blast furnace charging material is divided into four sections, namely a miscellaneous tree section, a clean coke section, an empty coke section and a normal material section; by filling the hard miscellaneous tree into the miscellaneous tree section and adopting the hard miscellaneous tree to replace the fully cooked material of the sleeper for opening the furnace, the slag generation amount can be greatly reduced, the air permeability of the soft melting belt is improved, especially the formation time of the soft melting belt is shortened at 6-10 hours in the initial stage of opening the furnace, the opening process is accelerated, the forward running state of the blast furnace is stabilized, but the defects of low opening efficiency, relatively slow furnace charge reaction process, high opening consumption and the like still exist.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems that in the prior art, when a blast furnace is opened, more powder is contained in furnace opening materials, the ventilation property of a material column is influenced, the air adding rhythm is slow, the gas introducing operation is lagged, the furnace opening efficiency is influenced, the furnace opening materials are unreasonable in proportion, the furnace material reaction process is relatively slow, the furnace opening consumption is high and the like, the utility model provides a blast furnace opening material charging material column structure, and a coke column penetrating through the bottom to the top of the blast furnace is filled in the center of the material column structure.
Before the open furnace material is completely filled to the furnace belly part, coke is arranged below the furnace belly, but from the start of empty coke filling, a material layer and a coke layer are formed above the open furnace material until the open furnace material is completely filled, so that the defects are that the auxiliary materials in the open furnace material and the load material contain more powder, the air permeability is poor in the actual open furnace process, the reduction reaction is slow, and the suspension phenomenon often occurs in the actual open furnace; here, a coke drum is built in the central area of the blast furnace, so that gas generated by the blowing-in process is converged into the coke drum and is discharged upwards along the coke drum, the air permeability in the blowing-in process is improved, the phenomenon of suspension is avoided, the blowing-in efficiency is greatly improved, and the blowing-in time is shortened.
Preferably, a clean coke layer, an empty coke layer and a load material layer are sequentially filled in the blast furnace from bottom to top, and the clean coke layer is filled with coke; auxiliary materials and coke are filled between the outer circumference of the coke cylinder on the empty coke layer and the inner wall of the furnace, and load materials and coke are filled between the outer circumference of the coke cylinder on the load material layer and the inner wall of the furnace.
Preferably, a layer structure formed by alternately stacking auxiliary material layers and first coke layers is arranged between the outer circumference of the coke cylinder and the inner wall of the furnace on the empty coke layer, the auxiliary material layers are filled with auxiliary materials, and the first coke layers are filled with coke; and the auxiliary materials comprise dolomite and fluorite.
Preferably, a layer structure formed by alternately stacking a load sub-layer and a second coke layer is arranged between the outer circumference of the coke cylinder and the inner wall of the furnace on the load layer, and at least normal materials are filled on the load sub-layer, wherein the normal materials comprise sinter, lump ore, silica, dolomite and fluorite.
Preferably, the load material layers comprise a first load material layer and a second load material layer which are arranged up and down, the first load material layer is filled with normal materials, the second load material layer is filled with normal materials and auxiliary materials, the normal materials comprise sinter, lump ore, silica, dolomite and fluorite, and the auxiliary materials comprise dolomite and fluorite.
The clinker ratio is mainly considered in the load material part in the traditional furnace opening materials, so that a material mixing mode of sinter and pellets is generally adopted, the furnace opening load material clinker ratio is ensured to be 100%, and the furnace opening coke ratio is controlled to be at a lower level. However, since the reducibility of a plurality of lump ores is better than that of pellets, the pellets are replaced by the relatively high-quality lump ores, the furnace opening coke ratio is not obviously influenced, and by taking PB blocks as an example, the reducibility of the pellets is about 20% lower than that of the PB blocks, and from the angle analysis, if the high-quality lump ores are used for replacing the pellets to open the furnace, the smelting period of furnace opening materials is shortened, and the furnace opening efficiency is improved.
Most blast furnace operators consider that the thermal bursting property of lump ores can influence the air permeability of the blast furnace, the bursting index of most high-quality lump ores is 8 percent, but pellets also have thermal expansion property and can generate powder, the reduction volume expansion rate of acid pellets is more than 20 percent, and the influence caused by the thermal bursting of the lump ores is not lower than the influence caused by the thermal bursting of the lump ores.
Here, the high-quality lump ore is adopted to replace the acid pellets for furnace opening, so that the furnace opening process is quickened, and the furnace opening coke ratio is not negatively influenced.
Preferably, a layer structure formed by alternately stacking a first load sub-layer and a second coke layer is arranged between the outer circumference of the coke cylinder and the inner wall of the furnace on the first load layer; and the first loading material sub-layer is filled with normal materials.
Preferably, a layer structure formed by alternately stacking second load sub-layers and second coke layers is arranged between the outer circumference of the coke cylinder and the inner wall of the furnace on the second load layer; and the second loading material sub-layer is filled with normal materials and auxiliary materials.
Preferably, the coke cleaning layer is arranged from the bottom of a hearth of the blast furnace to 1/3 of the waist; the empty coke layer is from 1/3 of the furnace waist to the position 3m below the furnace body; the load material layer is arranged at the position from 3m at the lower part of the furnace body to 3m below the stockline.
Preferably, the coke cleaning layer is arranged from the bottom of a hearth of the blast furnace to 1/3 of the waist; the empty coke layer is from 1/3 of the furnace waist to the position 3m below the furnace body; the load material layer is arranged from the lower part of the furnace body to the position 3m below the stockline;
the second load material layer is arranged at the position from 3m at the lower part of the furnace body to 9 m below the stockline; the first load material layer is arranged at a position from 9 meters below the stockline to 3 meters below the stockline.
Preferably, the blast furnace is filled with wood at the tuyere wall position.
In the process of charging and opening furnace charge, after charging coke in the furnace hearth, a small amount of firewood is uniformly charged into the tuyere zone from a manhole, and then charging is continued, so that the ignition point of firewood is far lower than that of coke, firewood is quickly combusted after blowing in, the rapid combustion of coke in the tuyere zone is facilitated, and a small amount of space can be provided for downward movement of furnace charge, so that the blowing-in efficiency is improved.
By adopting the technical scheme of the patent, the full-wind operation can be realized in less than 24 hours, and various normal production indexes of the blast furnace can be achieved within 48 hours. The general operation days of blowing in is 5-7 days, and the operation of blowing in that is faster at present can realize that 72 hours reaches normal production level, and the technical scheme that this patent adopted makes the operation time of blowing in further shorten, has won the time for the normal production of blast furnace, has created the benefit.
The beneficial effects are that:
the technical scheme of the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
(1) Before the open furnace material is completely filled to the furnace belly part, coke is arranged below the furnace belly, but from the start of empty coke filling, a material layer and a coke layer are formed above the open furnace material until the open furnace material is completely filled, so that the defects are that the auxiliary materials in the open furnace material and the load material contain more powder, the air permeability is poor in the actual open furnace process, the reduction reaction is slow, and the suspension phenomenon often occurs in the actual open furnace; here, a coke drum is built in the central area of the blast furnace, so that gas generated by the blowing-in process is converged into the coke drum and is discharged upwards along the coke drum, the air permeability in the blowing-in process is improved, the phenomenon of suspension is avoided, the blowing-in efficiency is greatly improved, and the blowing-in time is shortened.
(2) The high-quality lump ore is adopted to replace the acid pellets for furnace opening, so that the furnace opening process is accelerated, and the furnace opening coke ratio is not negatively influenced.
(3) In the process of charging and opening furnace charge, after charging coke in the furnace hearth, a small amount of firewood is uniformly charged into the tuyere zone from a manhole, and then charging is continued, so that the ignition point of firewood is far lower than that of coke, firewood is quickly combusted after blowing in, the rapid combustion of coke in the tuyere zone is facilitated, and a small amount of space can be provided for downward movement of furnace charge, so that the blowing-in efficiency is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some examples of the present utility model and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional open hearth charge column;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a preferred open hearth charge column according to the present utility model.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the utility model, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the utility model, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
As shown in fig. 2, the blast furnace is opened to charge the charging column structure, and the charging column structure 100 is centrally filled with a coke drum 4 penetrating the bottom to the top of the blast furnace 200.
The blast furnace 200 is internally filled with a clean coke layer 1, an empty coke layer 2 and a load material layer 3 in sequence from bottom to top, wherein the clean coke layer 1 is filled with coke; auxiliary materials and coke are filled between the outer circumference of the coke drum 4 on the empty coke layer 2 and the inner wall of the furnace, and load materials and coke are filled between the outer circumference of the coke drum 4 on the load material layer 3 and the inner wall of the furnace.
A layer structure formed by alternately stacking auxiliary material layers 21 and first coke layers 22 is arranged between the outer circumference of the coke drum 4 and the inner wall of the furnace on the empty coke layer 2, auxiliary material is filled on the auxiliary material layers 21, and coke is filled on the first coke layers 22; and the auxiliary materials comprise dolomite and fluorite.
The coke drum 4 on the load material layer 3 has a layer structure formed by alternately stacking load material sub-layers 31 and second coke layers 32 between the outer circumference and the inner wall of the furnace, and the load material sub-layers 31 are filled with at least normal materials, wherein the normal materials comprise sinter, lump ore, silica, dolomite and fluorite.
The load material layers 3 comprise a first load material layer 301 and a second load material layer 302 which are arranged up and down, normal materials are filled on the first load material layer 301, normal materials and auxiliary materials are filled on the second load material layer 302, the normal materials comprise sinter, lump ore, silica, dolomite and fluorite, and the auxiliary materials comprise dolomite and fluorite.
The clinker ratio is mainly considered in the load material part in the traditional furnace opening materials, so that a material mixing mode of sinter and pellets is generally adopted, the furnace opening load material clinker ratio is ensured to be 100%, and the furnace opening coke ratio is controlled to be at a lower level. However, since the reducibility of a plurality of lump ores is better than that of pellets, the pellets are replaced by the relatively high-quality lump ores, the furnace opening coke ratio is not obviously influenced, and by taking PB blocks as an example, the reducibility of the pellets is about 20% lower than that of the PB blocks, and from the angle analysis, if the high-quality lump ores are used for replacing the pellets to open the furnace, the smelting period of furnace opening materials is shortened, and the furnace opening efficiency is improved.
Most blast furnace operators consider that the thermal bursting property of lump ores can influence the air permeability of the blast furnace, the bursting index of most high-quality lump ores is 8 percent, but pellets also have thermal expansion property and can generate powder, the reduction volume expansion rate of acid pellets is more than 20 percent, and the influence caused by the thermal bursting of the lump ores is not lower than the influence caused by the thermal bursting of the lump ores.
Here, the high-quality lump ore is adopted to replace the acid pellets for furnace opening, so that the furnace opening process is quickened, and the furnace opening coke ratio is not negatively influenced.
The first loading material layer 301 is a layer structure formed by alternately stacking a first loading material sub-layer 311 and a second coke layer 32 between the outer circumference of the coke drum 4 and the inner wall of the furnace; the first loading material sub-layer 311 is filled with normal material.
The second loading material layer 302 is a layer structure formed by alternately stacking a second loading material sub-layer 312 and a second coke layer 32 between the outer circumference of the coke drum 4 and the inner wall of the furnace; the second loading sub-layer 312 is filled with normal material and auxiliary material.
The second load layer 302 may be regarded as a transition layer between the first load layer 301 and the empty coke layer 2, that is, a layer structure alternately stacked with the coke layer gradually transits from the auxiliary material to the normal material, the auxiliary material content of the second load sub-layer 312 near the empty coke layer 2 in the second load layer 302 is higher, and the normal material content of the second load sub-layer 312 of the first load layer 301 is higher.
The blast furnace 200 sequentially comprises a hearth 201, a furnace belly 202, a furnace waist 203, a furnace body 204 and a furnace throat 205 from bottom to top, wherein the clean coke layer 1 is from the bottom of the hearth 201 to 1/3 of the furnace waist of the blast furnace 200; the empty coke layer 2 is from 1/3 of the furnace waist to the lower part 3m of the furnace body; the load material layer 3 is arranged at the position from the lower part 3m of the furnace body to the position of 3m of the stockline downwards, and the stockline is positioned at the position of the lower edge of the furnace throat.
The clean coke layer 1 is arranged at the position from the bottom of a hearth 201 of the blast furnace 200 to 1/3 of the waist; the empty coke layer is from 1/3 of the furnace waist to the position 3m below the furnace body; the load material layer is arranged from the lower part of the furnace body to the position 3m below the stockline;
the second load material layer 302 is arranged at the position from 3m below the furnace body to 9 m below the stockline; the first load layer 301 is located between 9 m below the stockline and 3m below the stockline.
As a preferred embodiment, the blast furnace 200 is filled with wood at the location of the tuyere wall 206.
By adopting the technical scheme of the patent, the full-wind operation can be realized in less than 24 hours, and various normal production indexes of the blast furnace can be achieved within 48 hours. The general operation days of blowing in is 5-7 days, and the operation of blowing in that is faster at present can realize that 72 hours reaches normal production level, and the technical scheme that this patent adopted makes the operation time of blowing in further shorten, has won the time for the normal production of blast furnace, has created the benefit.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model, and various modifications and variations may be made to the present utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims (7)
1. A blast furnace open charge charging column structure, which is characterized in that the center of the charging column structure is filled with a coke column penetrating through the bottom of the blast furnace to the top.
2. The blast furnace open hearth material charging column structure according to claim 1, wherein a clean coke layer, an empty coke layer and a load material layer are sequentially filled in the blast furnace from bottom to top, and the clean coke layer is filled with coke; auxiliary materials are filled between the outer circumference of the coke cylinder on the empty coke layer and the inner wall of the furnace, and load materials are filled between the outer circumference of the coke cylinder on the load material layer and the inner wall of the furnace.
3. The blast furnace open charge charging column structure according to claim 2, wherein a layer structure formed by alternately stacking auxiliary material layers and first coke layers is arranged between the outer circumference of the coke column and the inner wall of the furnace on the empty coke layer, auxiliary materials are filled on the auxiliary material layers, and coke is filled on the first coke layers.
4. The open-hearth furnace material charging column structure of claim 2, wherein the load material layer is a layer structure formed by alternately stacking load material sub-layers and second coke layers between the outer circumference of the coke column and the inner wall of the furnace.
5. The blast furnace open charge charging column structure according to claim 2, wherein the coke cleaning layer is from the bottom of a hearth of the blast furnace to 1/3 of a waist; the empty coke layer is from 1/3 of the furnace waist to the position 3m below the furnace body; the load material layer is arranged at the position from 3m at the lower part of the furnace body to 3m below the stockline.
6. The blast furnace open charge charging column structure according to claim 2, wherein the coke cleaning layer is from the bottom of a hearth of the blast furnace to 1/3 of a waist; the empty coke layer is from 1/3 of the furnace waist to the position 3m below the furnace body; the load material layer is arranged from the lower part of the furnace body to the position 3m below the stockline;
the load material layers comprise a first load material layer and a second load material layer which are arranged up and down, and the second load material layer is arranged from the lower part of the furnace body to the position of a stockline which is 9 meters down; the first load material layer is arranged at a position from 9 meters below the stockline to 3 meters below the stockline.
7. The open hearth furnace charge column structure of claim 1, wherein the blast furnace is filled with wood at the tuyere wall position.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202320283651.0U CN220364546U (en) | 2023-02-22 | 2023-02-22 | Charging column structure for blast furnace open charge |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202320283651.0U CN220364546U (en) | 2023-02-22 | 2023-02-22 | Charging column structure for blast furnace open charge |
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