CN220354360U - Air spring, air suspension, vehicle and adjusting tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an air spring, air suspension, vehicle and adjustment frock, the air suspension includes bag skin and connecting plate, the connecting plate sets up one side of bag skin and with the bag skin is connected, the connecting plate keep away from the bag skin one side is equipped with location portion, locating hole and a plurality of first connecting hole, the central line of location portion with the central line coincidence of bag skin, locating hole and a plurality of first connecting hole all locate the outside of location portion, a plurality of first connecting hole's center all locates first default circle; wherein the positioning part comprises a positioning protrusion and/or a positioning groove; the center of the first preset circle is arranged on the center line of the capsule shell. The air spring of the embodiment of the disclosure has the advantages of long service life and the like.

Description

Air spring, air suspension, vehicle and adjusting tool

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to the technical field of auto parts, in particular to an air spring, an air suspension, a vehicle and an adjusting tool.

Background

In the related art, when assembling an air spring with a counterpart (e.g., a vehicle frame), circumferential positioning of the air spring is a difficult process in the assembly process. The attachment holes of the opponent are typically enlarged or kidney-shaped to absorb assembly tolerances so that the attachment holes of the air spring align with the attachment holes of the opponent. On one hand, the air spring is easy to install at a design angle, and the air spring has an assembling pre-torsion angle, so that the service life of the air spring is reduced; on the other hand, enlarging the connecting hole of the opponent piece and making the connecting hole of the opponent piece into a waist-shaped hole can reduce the strength of the opponent piece, and the waist-shaped hole also has the problem of high processing difficulty.

Disclosure of Invention

The present disclosure aims to solve, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.

To this end, embodiments of the present disclosure propose an air spring to extend the service life of the air spring.

The air spring comprises a bag cover and a connecting plate, wherein the connecting plate is arranged on one side of the bag cover and is connected with the bag cover, a positioning part, a positioning hole and a plurality of first connecting holes are formed in one side, far away from the bag cover, of the connecting plate, the central line of the positioning part coincides with that of the bag cover, the positioning hole and the plurality of first connecting holes are formed in the outer side of the positioning part, and the centers of the plurality of first connecting holes are formed in a first preset circle; wherein the positioning part comprises a positioning protrusion and/or a positioning groove; the center of the first preset circle is arranged on the center line of the capsule shell.

In some embodiments, the positioning portion includes a positioning protrusion and a positioning groove, the positioning groove is annular, the positioning groove is disposed around the positioning protrusion, and a center line of the positioning protrusion coincides with a center line of the bladder skin.

In some embodiments, the outer peripheral surface of the positioning projection forms an inner groove wall of the positioning groove.

In some embodiments, at least one rotation stopping portion is disposed in the positioning groove, and the rotation stopping portion is a rotation stopping protrusion or a rotation stopping groove.

In some embodiments, the locating hole is an elongated hole extending along a circumferential direction of the bladder; and/or the center of the positioning hole is arranged on the first preset circle.

The embodiment of the disclosure also provides an air suspension.

The air suspension comprises a frame and an air spring, wherein the frame is provided with an avoidance hole, an adjustment hole and a plurality of second connecting holes, the centers of the second connecting holes are all arranged on a second preset circle, and the centers of the avoidance holes are coincident with the circle center of the second preset circle; the air spring is the air spring in any embodiment; the center of the second preset circle is arranged on the center line of the capsule skin, so that the center of the first preset circle corresponds to the center of the second preset circle when the positioning part corresponds to the avoiding hole; at least one of the adjusting hole and the positioning hole is a strip-shaped hole extending along the circumferential direction of the capsule shell, so that when the distance between the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole in the circumferential direction of the capsule shell is smaller than or equal to a preset value, at least one part of the adjusting hole is arranged corresponding to at least one part of the positioning hole; the diameter of the second preset circle is equal to that of the first preset circle, so that when the air spring rotates around the central line of the bag cover, the positioning holes are arranged corresponding to the adjusting holes, and the first connecting holes and the second connecting holes are in one-to-one correspondence.

The embodiment of the disclosure also provides an adjusting tool.

The adjusting tool of the embodiment of the disclosure is used for assembling the air suspension according to any one of the embodiments, and the adjusting tool includes a first adjusting member, a second adjusting member, and a connecting member, where the first adjusting member has a matching portion, and the matching portion is used to pass through the avoidance hole and is in positioning fit with the positioning portion, so that a center of the first preset circle is set corresponding to a center of the second preset circle; the second adjusting piece is provided with an inserting part which is used for penetrating through the adjusting hole and inserting into the positioning hole so that at least one part of the adjusting hole corresponds to at least one part of the positioning hole; the two ends of the connecting piece are respectively connected with the first adjusting piece and the second adjusting piece, so that the second adjusting piece drives the air spring to rotate around the central line of the bag cover when the first adjusting piece rotates around the central line of the bag cover.

In some embodiments, the first adjustment member includes a cylindrical portion having the mating portion and a variable diameter portion having a cross-sectional dimension that gradually decreases in a direction away from the cylindrical portion.

In some embodiments, the first adjusting member or the connecting member is provided with a screwing portion for being matched with a wrench, and when the matching portion passes through the avoidance hole and is matched with the positioning portion in a positioning manner, the central line of the screwing portion coincides with the central line of the capsule shell, so that the air spring rotates around the central line of the capsule shell when the screwing portion is screwed.

Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a vehicle.

The vehicle of an embodiment of the present disclosure includes the air suspension of any of the embodiments described above.

When the air spring is connected with the opponent piece, the avoidance hole of the opponent piece can be corresponding to the positioning part of the air spring, so that the first preset circle and the second preset circle are overlapped; then, the air spring is rotated by taking the central line of the bag cover as a rotation axis, so that the adjusting hole of the hand piece at least partially corresponds to the positioning hole of the air spring; and then, continuing to rotate the air spring according to the corresponding relation between the adjusting hole of the opponent piece and the positioning hole of the air spring, so that the first connecting holes and the second connecting holes correspond to each other one by one, and positioning between the air spring and the opponent piece is completed. At this time, the air spring is connected with the opponent piece by using the fastener to pass through the corresponding first connecting hole and the second connecting hole. On one hand, the circumferential positioning of the air spring is conveniently realized, so that the air spring is installed in a design angle, the air spring is prevented from having an assembly pre-torsion angle, and the service life of the air spring is effectively prolonged; on the other hand, the connecting hole of the opponent piece can be prevented from being enlarged or formed into a waist-shaped hole, so that the strength of the opponent piece can be ensured, and the opponent piece can be conveniently machined and manufactured. Therefore, the air spring of the embodiment of the disclosure has the advantages of long service life and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an air spring according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view at a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a partial structural schematic diagram of an air suspension of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 4 is a partial structural schematic view of the frame of fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a state diagram of use of an adjustment tool according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6 is a simplified schematic diagram of an air suspension assembly process according to one embodiment of the present disclosure prior to adjustment using an adjustment tool.

FIG. 7 is a simplified schematic illustration of an air suspension assembly process adjusted using an adjustment tool according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 8 is a simplified schematic diagram of an air suspension assembly process according to one embodiment of the present disclosure as adjusted using an adjustment tool.

FIG. 9 is a simplified schematic diagram of an air suspension assembly process according to one embodiment of the present disclosure as adjusted using an adjustment tool.

Reference numerals:

100. an air suspension;

10. an air spring;

1. a capsule skin;

2. a connecting plate; 21. a positioning part; 211. positioning the bulge; 212. a positioning groove; 213. a rotation stopping part; 22. positioning holes; 23. a first connection hole;

20. a frame; 201. avoidance holes; 202. an adjustment hole; 203. a second connection hole;

30. adjusting a tool; 301. a first adjustment member; 3011. a column portion; 3012. a variable diameter portion; 302. a second adjustment member; 303. a connecting piece; 3031. and a screwing part.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present disclosure, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, are described in detail below. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and intended for the purpose of explaining the present disclosure and are not to be construed as limiting the present disclosure.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an air spring 10 of an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a cover 1 and a connection plate 2, the connection plate 2 being provided at one side of the cover 1 and connected with the cover 1. The side of the connecting plate 2 far away from the capsule shell 1 is provided with a positioning part 21, a positioning hole 22 and a plurality of first connecting holes 23. The center line of the positioning portion 21 coincides with the center line of the bladder skin 1, and the positioning hole 22 and the plurality of first connecting holes 23 are both provided outside the positioning portion 21. The centers of the first connecting holes 23 are all arranged on a first preset circle. The positioning portion 21 includes a positioning protrusion 211 and/or a positioning groove 212. The center of the first preset circle is arranged on the center line of the capsule shell 1.

Wherein, inwards means: a direction approaching the centerline of the bladder skin 1 on a plane perpendicular to the centerline of the bladder skin 1; outward refers to: in a direction away from the centre line of the capsule shell 1 on a plane perpendicular to the centre line of the capsule shell 1. The positioning hole 22 and the plurality of first connecting holes 23 are all disposed outside the positioning portion 21, and it can be understood that: the positioning hole 22 and the plurality of first connecting holes 23 are disposed farther from the center line of the bladder skin 1 than the positioning portion 21.

The positioning portion 21 includes a positioning protrusion 211 and/or a positioning groove 212, which can be understood as: the positioning portion 21 includes only the positioning projection but does not include the positioning groove 212; alternatively, the positioning portion 21 includes only the positioning groove 212 but does not include the positioning protrusion; alternatively, the positioning portion 21 includes both the positioning groove 212 and the positioning protrusion.

As shown in fig. 4, an opponent (for example, a vehicle frame 20) connected to the air spring 10 according to the embodiment of the disclosure is provided with an avoidance hole 201, an adjustment hole 202 and a plurality of second connection holes 203, wherein the centers of the plurality of second connection holes 203 are all arranged on a second preset circle, and the center of the avoidance hole 201 coincides with the center of the second preset circle. At least one of the adjustment hole 202 and the positioning hole 22 is an elongated hole extending in the circumferential direction of the bag cover 1.

When the air spring 10 is connected with the opponent, the avoiding hole 201 of the opponent may be corresponding to the positioning portion 21 of the air spring 10, so that the center of the first preset circle is aligned with the center of the second preset circle, and the adjusting hole 202 of the opponent is at least partially corresponding to the positioning hole 22 of the air spring 10 (as shown in fig. 6); then, the air spring 10 is continuously rotated according to the corresponding relation between the adjusting hole 202 of the opponent and the positioning hole 22 of the air spring 10, so that the first connecting hole 23 and the second connecting hole 203 are in one-to-one correspondence (as shown in fig. 7), and the positioning between the air spring 10 and the opponent is completed. At this time, the connection between the air spring 10 and the opponent is achieved by the fasteners passing through the corresponding first and second connection holes 23 and 203. The first preset circle and the second preset circle are dummy circles, and the circles shown by the dot-dash lines in fig. 6 can be regarded as both the first preset circle and the second preset circle.

It will be appreciated that, as shown in fig. 5, in order to facilitate circumferential positioning of the air spring 10, some auxiliary tool (e.g., the adjustment tool 30) is generally used to perform adjustment of the air spring 10, and the auxiliary tool needs to be matched or connected with the air spring 10, and the positioning portion 21 is configured to include the positioning protrusion 211 and/or the positioning groove 212, so that the auxiliary tool is matched or connected with the air spring 10.

Therefore, on one hand, the circumferential positioning of the air spring 10 is conveniently realized, so that the air spring 10 is installed in a design angle, the air spring 10 is prevented from having an assembly pre-torsion angle, and the service life of the air spring 10 is effectively prolonged; on the other hand, the connecting hole of the opponent piece can be prevented from being enlarged or formed into a waist-shaped hole, so that the strength of the opponent piece can be ensured, and the opponent piece can be conveniently machined and manufactured.

Accordingly, the air spring 10 of the embodiment of the present disclosure has advantages such as long service life.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the positioning portion 21 includes a positioning protrusion 211 and a positioning groove 212, the positioning groove 212 is in a ring shape, the positioning groove 212 is disposed around the positioning protrusion 211, and a center line of the positioning protrusion 211 coincides with a center line of the bladder 1.

By setting the positioning portion 21 to include the positioning projection 211 and the positioning groove 212, the fitting accuracy of the auxiliary tool and the positioning portion 21 is facilitated to be improved, the adjustment efficiency of the air spring 10 is facilitated to be improved, and the installation efficiency of the air spring 10 is improved.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 2, the outer peripheral surface of the positioning projection 211 forms the inner groove wall of the positioning groove 212. In other words, the inner groove wall of the positioning groove 212 forms the outer circumferential surface of the positioning protrusion 211.

By forming the outer peripheral surface of the positioning protrusion 211 into the inner side groove wall of the positioning groove 212, the height of the positioning protrusion 211 can be ensured to be higher, and the height of the air spring 10 can be increased less, which is beneficial to reducing the occupied space of the air spring 10 and reducing the weight of the air spring 10.

Of course, in other embodiments, there may be a space between the outer peripheral surface of the positioning protrusion 211 and the inner groove wall of the positioning groove 212.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, at least one rotation stopping portion 213 is disposed in the positioning groove 212, where the rotation stopping portion 213 is a rotation stopping protrusion or a rotation stopping groove.

The positioning groove 212 is provided with at least one rotation stopping portion 213, which can be understood as: the number of the rotation stopper 213 may be one or two or more. For example, as shown in fig. 2, the number of the rotation stopping portions 213 is two, both the rotation stopping portions 213 are protruding, and the two rotation stopping portions 213 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the bladder skin 1.

When the auxiliary tool is used for adjusting the air spring 10, the auxiliary tool can be in anti-rotation fit with the anti-rotation part 213, so that the phenomenon that the auxiliary tool rotates around the center line of the capsule shell 1 relative to the air spring 10, so that slipping occurs between the auxiliary tool and the air spring 10 is avoided, and the auxiliary tool is difficult to drive the air spring 10 to rotate around the center line of the capsule shell 1.

This is advantageous in further improving the adjustment efficiency of the air spring 10, thereby further improving the installation efficiency of the air spring 10.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the positioning hole 22 is an elongated hole extending in the circumferential direction of the capsule skin 1.

For example, the positioning hole 22 is a kidney-shaped hole extending in the circumferential direction of the bladder skin 1.

As shown in fig. 6, by providing the positioning hole 22 as an elongated hole extending along the circumferential direction of the bladder skin 1, the adjustment tolerance (TI in fig. 8 and T2 in fig. 9) can be enlarged, so that the positioning hole 22 more easily corresponds to the adjustment hole 202 of the frame 20 at least partially, which is beneficial to further improving the adjustment efficiency of the air spring 10, thereby further improving the installation efficiency of the air spring 10.

Of course, in other embodiments, the positioning holes 22 may be arc-shaped holes extending along the circumferential direction of the bladder skin 1. Preferably, the center of the circle where the arc-shaped hole is located coincides with the center of the first preset circle.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 6, the center of the positioning hole 22 is provided at the first preset circle.

For example, as shown in fig. 8, the adjustment tolerance between the positioning hole 22 and the adjustment hole 202 is T1, the adjustment tolerance between the first connection hole 23 and the second connection hole 203 is TI ', and when the center of the positioning hole 22 and the center of the first connection hole 23 are both disposed on the first preset circle, T1 in fig. 8 is equal to TI'. As another example, as shown in fig. 9, the adjustment tolerance between the positioning hole 22 and the adjustment hole 202 is T2, the adjustment tolerance between the first connection hole 23 and the second connection hole 203 is T2', and when the center of the positioning hole 22 and the center of the first connection hole 23 are both disposed on the first preset circle, T2 in fig. 9 is equal to T2'.

Thus, when rotating the air spring 10, an assembler can adjust the air spring 10 accordingly according to the adjustment tolerance between the positioning hole 22 and the adjustment hole 202 so that the first connection hole 23 is aligned with the second connection hole 203. It is advantageous to further improve the adjustment efficiency of the air spring 10, thereby further improving the installation efficiency of the air spring 10.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, an air suspension 100 of an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a frame 20 and an air spring 10, the air spring 10 being the air spring 10 of any of the embodiments described above. The frame 20 is provided with an avoidance hole 201, an adjustment hole 202 and a plurality of second connecting holes 203, the centers of the second connecting holes 203 are all arranged on a second preset circle, and the center of the avoidance hole 201 coincides with the center of the second preset circle. The positioning portion 21 is arranged corresponding to the avoiding hole 201, the positioning hole 22 is arranged corresponding to the adjusting hole 202, the first connecting holes 23 are in one-to-one correspondence with the second connecting holes 203, and each first connecting hole 23 is connected with the corresponding second connecting hole 203 through a fastener.

The center of the second preset circle is located on the center line of the bladder skin 1, so that the center of the first preset circle is set corresponding to the center of the second preset circle when the positioning portion 21 is set corresponding to the avoiding hole 201. At least one of the adjustment hole 202 and the positioning hole 22 is a strip-shaped hole extending along the circumferential direction of the bladder skin 1, so that at least a portion of the adjustment hole 202 is disposed corresponding to at least a portion of the positioning hole 22 when the distance between the first connection hole 23 and the second connection hole 203 in the circumferential direction of the bladder skin 1 is less than or equal to a preset value. The diameter of the second preset circle is equal to that of the first preset circle, so that when the air spring 10 rotates around the center line of the bladder skin 1, the positioning holes 22 are arranged corresponding to the adjusting holes 202, and the plurality of first connecting holes 23 and the plurality of second connecting holes 203 are in one-to-one correspondence. The preset value is understood to be the adjustment tolerance described above.

At least one of the adjustment hole 202 and the positioning hole 22 is an elongated hole extending in the circumferential direction of the bladder skin 1, which can be understood as: the adjusting hole 202 and the positioning hole 22 are elongated holes extending along the circumferential direction of the capsule shell 1; alternatively, the adjusting hole 202 is a strip-shaped hole extending along the circumferential direction of the capsule shell 1, and the positioning hole 22 is a round hole; alternatively, the adjustment hole 202 is a circular hole, and the positioning hole 22 is an elongated hole extending along the circumferential direction of the bladder skin 1.

When the air spring 10 is connected with the frame 20, the avoiding hole 201 of the frame 20 may be first corresponding to the positioning portion 21 of the air spring 10, so that the center of the first preset circle coincides with the center of the second preset circle, and the adjusting hole 202 of the frame 20 is at least partially corresponding to the positioning hole 22 of the air spring 10 (as shown in fig. 6); then, the air spring 10 is continuously rotated according to the corresponding relation between the adjusting hole 202 of the frame 20 and the positioning hole 22 of the air spring 10, so that the first connecting hole 23 and the second connecting hole 203 are in one-to-one correspondence (as shown in fig. 7), and the positioning between the air spring 10 and the frame 20 is completed. At this time, the connection between the air spring 10 and the vehicle frame 20 is achieved by passing the corresponding first and second connection holes 23 and 203 with the fasteners.

Therefore, on one hand, the circumferential positioning of the air spring 10 is conveniently realized, so that the air spring 10 is installed in a design angle, the air spring 10 is prevented from having an assembly pre-torsion angle, and the service life of the air spring 10 is effectively prolonged; on the other hand, the connecting hole of the frame 20 can be prevented from being enlarged or formed into a waist-shaped hole, so that the strength of the frame 20 can be ensured and the processing and the manufacturing of the frame 20 can be facilitated.

Accordingly, the air suspension 100 of the embodiment of the present disclosure has advantages of long service life and high strength. Alternatively, as shown in fig. 4, the adjustment hole 202 is a kidney-shaped hole extending in the circumferential direction of the bag cover 1.

Of course, in other embodiments, the adjustment holes 202 may be arc-shaped holes extending along the circumferential direction of the bladder skin 1. Preferably, the center of the circle where the arc-shaped hole is located coincides with the center of the second preset circle.

Preferably, the positioning hole 22 and the adjustment hole 202 are elongated holes extending in the circumferential direction of the bladder skin 1. Thereby, the air spring 10 can be adjusted in both the clockwise and counterclockwise directions, and the tolerance adjustment range is wider. For example, the fastening member is an M8 bolt, the positioning hole 22 and the adjusting hole 202 are waist-shaped holes with a length of 16mm, and the air spring 10 can be installed within 8mm in adjustment tolerance, that is, when the distance between the first connecting hole 23 and the second connecting hole 203 in the circumferential direction of the bladder skin 1 is less than or equal to 8mm, the air spring 10 can be installed completely. If one of the positioning hole 22 and the adjustment hole 202 is a circular hole, the adjustment tolerance cannot exceed 4mm to ensure the installation of the air spring 10.

As shown in fig. 8, when the adjustment tolerance between the air spring 10 and the vehicle frame 20 is T1, the circumferential positioning of the air spring 10 is achieved by rotating the air spring 10 counterclockwise (the direction of arrow B in fig. 8) so that the first connection hole 23 is aligned with the second connection hole 203. As shown in fig. 9, when the adjustment tolerance between the air spring 10 and the vehicle frame 20 is T2, the circumferential positioning of the air spring 10 is achieved by rotating the air spring 10 counterclockwise (the direction of arrow C in fig. 9) so that the first connection hole 23 is aligned with the second connection hole 203.

As shown in fig. 5, the adjusting tool 30 of the embodiment of the present disclosure is used for assembling the air suspension 100 of any one of the embodiments, where the adjusting tool 30 includes a first adjusting member 301, a second adjusting member 302, and a connecting member 303, and the first adjusting member 301 has a matching portion, and the matching portion is used for passing through the avoidance hole 201 and positioning and matching with the positioning portion 21, so that the center of the first preset circle is set corresponding to the center of the second preset circle. The second adjusting member 302 has an insertion portion for passing through the adjusting hole 202 and inserting into the positioning hole 22 such that at least a portion of the adjusting hole 202 is disposed corresponding to at least a portion of the positioning hole 22. The two ends of the connecting piece 303 are respectively connected with the first adjusting piece 301 and the second adjusting piece 302, so that when the first adjusting piece 301 rotates around the center line of the capsule shell 1, the second adjusting piece 302 drives the air spring 10 to rotate around the center line of the capsule shell 1.

As shown in fig. 5, when the air spring 10 and the frame 20 are connected, the avoiding hole 201 of the frame 20 may be corresponding to the positioning portion 21 of the air spring 10, and the matching portion of the first adjusting member 301 may be perforated to avoid the hole 201 and be matched with the positioning portion 21 in a positioning manner, so that the first preset circle and the second preset circle remain overlapped, and at the same time, the adjusting hole 202 of the frame 20 may be at least partially corresponding to the positioning hole 22 of the air spring 10, and the inserting portion of the second adjusting member 302 may pass through the adjusting hole 202 and be inserted into the positioning hole 22; then, the adjusting tool 30 is rotated by taking the center line of the bladder skin 1 as a rotation axis, and the air spring 10 is driven to rotate by the adjusting tool 30, so that the first connecting holes 23 and the second connecting holes 203 are in one-to-one correspondence as shown in fig. 7, and the positioning between the air spring 10 and the frame 20 is completed.

The positioning between the air spring 10 and the frame 20 is conveniently realized by adjusting the tool 30, and the assembly efficiency of the air suspension 100 is improved.

When the positioning portion 21 includes the positioning protrusion 211 and the positioning groove 212, the fitting portion includes the fitting groove and the fitting protrusion, wherein the fitting groove is in positioning fit with the positioning protrusion 211, and the fitting protrusion is in positioning fit with the positioning groove 212.

When the positioning groove 212 is provided with the rotation stopping portion 213, the engaging portion includes a rotation stopping engaging portion engaged with the rotation stopping portion 213. For example, when the rotation stopping portion 213 is rotated to the protrusion, the rotation stopping engagement portion is rotated to the engagement groove, and the rotation stopping engagement groove is positionally engaged with the rotation stopping protrusion. For another example, when the rotation stopping portion 213 is rotated to the rotation stopping groove, the rotation stopping engaging portion is rotated to the protruding portion, and the rotation stopping protruding portion is engaged with the rotation stopping groove.

In some embodiments, the first tuning element 301 includes a cylindrical portion 3011 and a variable diameter portion 3012, the cylindrical portion 3011 having a mating portion, the variable diameter portion 3012 having a cross-sectional dimension that gradually decreases in a direction away from the cylindrical portion 3011.

For example, as shown in fig. 5, the variable-diameter portion 3012 is a tapered portion, and the cylindrical portion 3011 is cylindrical. The cylindrical portion 3011 is in clearance fit with the relief hole 201, and an end surface of the cylindrical portion 3011, which is away from the tapered portion, is provided with a fitting portion.

The above structure of the first adjusting member 301 can reduce the material amount of the first adjusting member 301 under the condition of ensuring the structural strength of the first adjusting member 301, which is beneficial to reducing the cost and weight of the adjusting tool 30.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 5, the first adjuster 301 or the connector 303 is provided with a screwing portion 3031 for engagement with a wrench, and when the engagement portion passes through the escape hole 201 and is in positioning engagement with the positioning portion 21, a center line of the screwing portion 3031 coincides with a center line of the bladder 1 to rotate the air spring 10 about the center line of the bladder 1 when the screwing portion 3031 is screwed.

For example, the connector 303 is provided with an external hexagonal structure forming the screwing portion 3031.

Thus, when it is necessary to rotate the air spring 10, the wrench can be engaged with the screw 3031 by the rotation of the air spring 10 by the wrench, thereby further improving the adjustment efficiency of the air spring 10.

The edge of the automobile body adjusting hole is used as an adjusting stop, after the automobile body adjusting hole is adjusted by a tool, the waist-shaped adjusting holes of the automobile body and the support column assembly are perfectly aligned, and no pre-torsion angle exists for assembly; assembly tolerances are eliminated;

the vehicle of the disclosed embodiment includes the air suspension 100 of any of the embodiments described above.

The vehicle of the embodiment of the disclosure is beneficial to eliminating the installation error of the air spring 10 and the vehicle body, and can ensure the smooth proceeding of the final assembly process; eliminating pretwisting of the air spring 10 during installation; the durability of the envelope of the air spring 10 is improved.

Therefore, the vehicle of the embodiment of the disclosure has the advantages of good reliability and the like.

While embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the present disclosure, and that variations, modifications, alternatives, and variations of the above embodiments may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. An air spring, comprising:

a capsule skin; and

the connecting plate is arranged on one side of the bag skin and is connected with the bag skin, a positioning part, positioning holes and a plurality of first connecting holes are formed in one side, far away from the bag skin, of the connecting plate, the central line of the positioning part coincides with that of the bag skin, the positioning holes and the first connecting holes are formed in the outer side of the positioning part, and the centers of the first connecting holes are formed in a first preset circle;

wherein the positioning part comprises a positioning protrusion and/or a positioning groove; the center of the first preset circle is arranged on the center line of the capsule shell.

2. An air spring as recited in claim 1, wherein said positioning portion includes a positioning projection and a positioning groove, said positioning groove being annular in shape, said positioning groove being disposed around said positioning projection, a center line of said positioning projection coinciding with a center line of said bladder.

3. The air spring as set forth in claim 2 wherein an outer peripheral surface of said positioning projection forms an inner groove wall of said positioning groove.

4. An air spring as set forth in claim 2 wherein said detent recess has at least one detent projection or detent recess disposed therein.

5. An air spring according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein said positioning hole is an elongated hole extending in a circumferential direction of said bladder; and/or

The center of the positioning hole is arranged on a first preset circle.

6. An air suspension comprising:

the vehicle frame is provided with an avoidance hole, an adjustment hole and a plurality of second connecting holes, the centers of the second connecting holes are all arranged on a second preset circle, and the center of the avoidance hole is coincident with the center of the second preset circle; and

an air spring, which is the air spring according to any one of claims 1 to 5;

the center of the second preset circle is arranged on the center line of the capsule skin, so that the center of the first preset circle corresponds to the center of the second preset circle when the positioning part corresponds to the avoiding hole;

at least one of the adjusting hole and the positioning hole is a strip-shaped hole extending along the circumferential direction of the capsule shell, so that when the distance between the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole in the circumferential direction of the capsule shell is smaller than or equal to a preset value, at least one part of the adjusting hole is arranged corresponding to at least one part of the positioning hole;

the diameter of the second preset circle is equal to that of the first preset circle, so that when the air spring rotates around the central line of the bag cover, the positioning holes are arranged corresponding to the adjusting holes, and the first connecting holes and the second connecting holes are in one-to-one correspondence.

7. An adjustment fixture for use in the assembly of the air suspension of claim 6, said adjustment fixture comprising:

the first adjusting piece is provided with a matching part which is used for penetrating through the avoidance hole and matching with the positioning part in a positioning way so that the circle center of the first preset circle corresponds to the circle center of the second preset circle;

the second adjusting piece is provided with an inserting part which is used for penetrating through the adjusting hole and inserting into the positioning hole so that at least one part of the adjusting hole corresponds to at least one part of the positioning hole; and

the two ends of the connecting piece are respectively connected with the first adjusting piece and the second adjusting piece, so that the second adjusting piece drives the air spring to rotate around the central line of the capsule skin when the first adjusting piece rotates around the central line of the capsule skin.

8. The adjustment tool of claim 7, wherein the first adjustment member includes a cylindrical portion having the mating portion and a variable diameter portion having a cross-sectional dimension that gradually decreases in a direction away from the cylindrical portion.

9. The adjustment tool according to claim 7, wherein the first adjustment member or the connection member is provided with a screwing portion for being engaged with a wrench, and a center line of the screwing portion coincides with a center line of the capsule when the engagement portion passes through the escape hole and is engaged with the positioning portion, so that the air spring rotates around the center line of the capsule when the screwing portion is screwed.

10. A vehicle comprising the air suspension of claim 7.