CN220341507U - Glass antenna and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to a glass antenna and vehicle, and the glass antenna includes glass body and antenna element. The antenna unit comprises a radiation sheet and a feed structure which are mutually coupled and matched. The radiation sheet is arranged in the glass body. The feed structure is arranged on the inner side surface of the glass body, and a gap S is formed between the feed structure and the inner side surface of the glass body. The coupling gap corresponds to the output part of the feed network, and the coupling gap also corresponds to the radiation sheet, so that the output part of the feed network and the coupling gap are mutually coupled for feeding, signals are radiated out through the coupling gap, and then are coupled with the radiation sheet to generate needed electromagnetic wave signals. In addition, by adjusting the size of the gap S between the feed structure and the inner side surface of the glass body, the impedance matching and the axial ratio bandwidth can be correspondingly adjusted. In addition, because the antenna unit and the glass body are mutually fused, the appearance of the vehicle is not affected, the design difficulty and wind resistance can be reduced, the antenna loss can be reduced, and the antenna performance is ensured.

Description

Glass antenna and vehicle

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of glass products, in particular to a glass antenna and a vehicle.

Background

With the rapid development of wireless communication, the requirements of people on communication quality are increasing. As vehicles are used daily by people, the requirements for antennas are higher in order to obtain better transmission efficiency and signal transmission quality, and therefore, the requirements for vehicle antenna systems with higher design performance and better signal quality are also put forward.

In the related art, most of antennas installed on a vehicle are whip antennas, shark fin antennas and the like, and some antennas are arranged outside the vehicle, so that design difficulty is increased, wind resistance is increased, other electric appliances can be influenced in an instrument panel, surrounding electric appliances can be interfered, and other antennas are arranged in a box, so that communication effect is influenced, and antenna performance is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on this, there is a need to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art, and to provide a glass antenna and a vehicle that can reduce wind resistance, reduce losses, and improve antenna performance.

A glass antenna, the glass antenna comprising:

a glass body; and

the antenna unit comprises a radiation sheet and a feed structure which are mutually coupled and matched, the radiation sheet is arranged in the glass body, the feed structure is arranged on the inner side surface of the glass body, and a gap is formed between the feed structure and the inner side surface of the glass body; the feed structure comprises a multilayer dielectric plate, a feed network arranged in the multilayer dielectric plate, a first grounding plate and a second grounding plate, wherein the first grounding plate is arranged on one side surface of the multilayer dielectric plate facing the glass body, and the second grounding plate is arranged on the other side surface of the multilayer dielectric plate; the first grounding plate is provided with a coupling gap, the coupling gap corresponds to the output position of the feed network, and the coupling gap also corresponds to the radiation sheet position.

In one embodiment, the radiation piece is provided with a first alignment part, and the feeding structure is provided with a second alignment part corresponding to the first alignment part.

In one embodiment, the first alignment part is an alignment hole and/or a colored marker arranged at the center of the radiation piece, and the second alignment part is an alignment hole and/or a colored marker arranged at the center of the feed structure.

In one embodiment, a plurality of shielding parts are distributed on the circumferential outline of the feed structure at intervals in sequence; each shielding part penetrates through the feed structure and is electrically connected with the first grounding plate and the second grounding plate respectively.

In one embodiment, the shield portions are each arranged at equal intervals on the feed structure; and/or the shielding part is a first metallized via hole penetrating through the feed structure.

In one embodiment, the glass body comprises a first glass plate, an adhesive layer and a second glass plate which are sequentially stacked; the radiation sheet is connected to any one side surface of the adhesive layer.

In one embodiment, the multi-layer dielectric plates comprise at least two insulating dielectric plates which are stacked, and the feed network is arranged between any two adjacent insulating dielectric plates; alternatively, the multi-layer dielectric plate comprises an insulating dielectric plate, and the feed network is embedded in the insulating dielectric plate.

In one embodiment, the feeding structure is provided with an input port, a transmission line and a conductive connection part, the input port is used for being connected with an external feeding device, the input port is electrically connected with the transmission line, and the transmission line is electrically connected with the input part of the feeding network through the conductive connection part.

In one embodiment, the antenna unit further comprises a housing, the feed structure is disposed inside the housing, and the housing is connected to the inner side surface of the glass.

A vehicle comprises the glass antenna and a vehicle body, wherein the glass antenna is connected with the vehicle body.

When the glass antenna and the vehicle work, the coupling gap corresponds to the output part of the feed network, and the coupling gap also corresponds to the position of the radiation sheet, so that the output part of the feed network and the coupling gap are mutually coupled for feeding, signals (energy) are radiated out through the coupling gap, and the radiated signals (energy) are coupled with the radiation sheet to generate needed electromagnetic wave signals. In addition, by adjusting the gap between the feed structure and the inner side surface of the glass body, the impedance matching and the axial ratio bandwidth can be correspondingly adjusted. In addition, because the antenna unit and the glass body are mutually fused, the appearance of the vehicle is not affected, the design difficulty and wind resistance can be reduced, the antenna loss can be reduced, and the antenna performance is ensured.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional structural view of a glass antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a top perspective view of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a feed network in an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a radiation patch in an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of a first ground plate in the feeding structure according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6 is an S11 graph of a glass antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 7 is a left-handed and right-handed view of a glass antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 8 is an axial ratio diagram of a glass antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 9 is a gain diagram of a glass antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

10. A glass body; 11. a first glass plate; 12. an adhesive layer; 13. a second glass plate; 20. an antenna unit; 21. a radiation sheet; 211. a first alignment part; 22. a feed structure; 221. a multi-layer dielectric plate; 2211. an insulating dielectric plate; 222. a feed network; 2221. an output unit; 2222. an input unit; 223. a first ground plate; 2231. a coupling slit; 224. a second ground plate; 225. a second alignment part; 226. a shielding part; 227. an input port; 228. a transmission line; 229. conductive connection parts.

Detailed Description

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. This application is, however, susceptible of embodiment in many other forms than those described herein and similar modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the application, and therefore the application is not to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, fig. 1 shows a cross-sectional structural view of a glass antenna according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 2 shows a top perspective view of an antenna unit 20 according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 3 shows a block diagram of the feed network 222 in the antenna unit 20 according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 4 shows a structural view of the radiation piece 21 in the antenna unit 20 of an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 5 shows a structural view of the first ground plate 223 in the feed structure 22 of an embodiment of the present application. An embodiment of the present application provides a glass antenna, the glass antenna includes: glass body 10 and antenna unit 20. The antenna element 20 comprises a radiating patch 21 and a feed structure 22 coupled to each other. The radiation sheet 21 is disposed inside the glass body 10. The feeding structure 22 is disposed on the inner side surface of the glass body 10, and a gap S is formed between the feeding structure 22 and the inner side surface of the glass body 10. The feeding structure 22 includes a multi-layer dielectric plate 221, a feeding network 222 disposed inside the multi-layer dielectric plate 221, and a first ground plate 223 and a second ground plate 224. The first ground plate 223 is disposed on one side of the multi-layered dielectric plate 221 facing the glass body 10, and the second ground plate 224 is disposed on the other side of the multi-layered dielectric plate 221. The first ground plate 223 is provided with a coupling slit 2231. The coupling gap 2231 corresponds to the position of the output 2221 of the feed network 222, and the coupling gap 2231 also corresponds to the position of the radiation sheet 21. Specifically, the coupling slit 2231 corresponds to a middle portion position of the radiation sheet 21, thereby having a superior coupling effect.

In operation of the glass antenna, since the coupling slot 2231 corresponds to the position of the output portion 2221 of the feeding network 222, the coupling slot 2231 also corresponds to the position of the radiation sheet 21, so that the output portion 2221 of the feeding network 222 and the coupling slot 2231 are mutually coupled to feed, so that a signal (energy) is radiated through the coupling slot 2231, and the radiated signal (energy) is coupled with the radiation sheet 21 to generate a required electromagnetic wave signal. In addition, by adjusting the size of the gap S between the feeding structure 22 and the inner side surface of the glass body 10, the impedance matching and the axial ratio bandwidth can be adjusted accordingly. In addition, since the antenna unit 20 and the glass body 10 are fused with each other, the appearance of the vehicle is not affected, the design difficulty and wind resistance can be reduced, and the antenna loss can be reduced, so that the antenna performance is ensured.

The inner side of the glass body 10 refers to the side of the glass body 10 facing the inside of the vehicle, and the outer side of the glass body 10 refers to the side of the glass body 10 facing the outside of the vehicle.

It should be further noted that, the coupling slot 2231 corresponds to the position of the output portion 2221 of the feeding network 222, and means that the coupling slot 2231 projects on the feeding network 222 in a direction perpendicular to the board surface of the multilayer dielectric board 221, and the projection of the coupling slot 2231 at least partially overlaps the output portion 2221. Optionally, the projection profile of the coupling slit 2231 completely covers the output portion 2221, is located in the output portion 2221, or is staggered with each other, and specifically can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual requirements, which is not limited herein.

Referring to fig. 5, in some embodiments, the coupling slit 2231 is a hollow area disposed on the first ground plate 223, and its outline shape includes, but is not limited to, rectangular, triangular, circular, elliptical, pentagonal, or other regular and irregular shapes, which can be flexibly adjusted and set according to practical requirements.

Referring to fig. 3, in one embodiment, the feed network 222 comprises a 90 ° equal power splitting network. Thus, the antenna unit 20 can realize a single-frequency circular polarization function when operated.

Of course, the feed network 222 may also be a power splitting network comprising two or other numbers of 90 °. In addition, as some alternatives, the feeding network 222 may also be flexibly adjusted and configured to other forms of feeding circuits according to actual requirements, and for example, implement a dual-frequency circular polarization function.

Referring to fig. 2 and fig. 5, in one embodiment, when the feeding network 222 includes a 90 ° equal power dividing network, two coupling slits 2231 are provided, and the two coupling slits 2231 respectively correspond to positions of two output portions 2221 of the feeding network 222. In this way, signals (energy) of the two outputs 2221 of the feed network 222 are each radiated out through the two coupling slits 2231.

Referring to fig. 2 to 5, in one embodiment, the radiation piece 21 is provided with a first alignment portion 211, and the feeding structure 22 is provided with a second alignment portion 225 corresponding to the first alignment portion 211. In this way, when the feeding structure 22 is assembled to the glass body 10, the first alignment portion 211 and the second alignment portion 225 need to be aligned with each other, so as to ensure that the coupling slot 2231 corresponds to the middle portion of the radiation sheet 21, so that the signal transmission of the antenna unit 20 is normal, and the influence on the antenna performance index caused by the deviation of the coupling slot 2231 from the middle portion of the radiation sheet 21 is avoided.

Referring to fig. 2 to 5, in an alternative embodiment, the first alignment portion 211 is an alignment hole disposed at a central position of the radiation sheet 21, and the second alignment portion 225 is an alignment hole disposed at a central position of the feeding structure 22. Thus, after the alignment hole of the radiation sheet 21 and the alignment hole of the feeding structure 22 are aligned, the center position of the radiation sheet 21 and the center position of the feeding structure 22 are aligned with each other, so that the feeding structure 22 can be accurately mounted on the glass body 10. In addition, the alignment holes are not easily observed, and the appearance is not affected.

Of course, in some embodiments, the first alignment portion 211 is a colored marker disposed at a central position of the radiating patch 21, and the second alignment portion 225 is a colored marker disposed at a central position of the feeding structure 22. In this way, the feeding structure 22 can also be quickly aligned by the colored marker during the fitting process to the inner side of the glass body 10, and the fitting of the feeding structure 22 to the glass body 10 is achieved. Optionally, the color of the colored marker includes, but is not limited to, white, silver, black, yellow, and the like, and the specific material includes, but is not limited to, a film layer, a coating layer, or a sheet.

Referring to fig. 2 to 5, in one embodiment, the circumferential profile of the feeding structure 22 is distributed with a plurality of shielding portions 226 that are sequentially spaced apart. Each shielding portion 226 penetrates through the feed structure 22 and is electrically connected to the first ground plate 223 and the second ground plate 224, respectively. In this way, under the cooperation of the individual shielding portions 226, the energy signal is entirely locked inside the feed structure 22, so that a stronger signal (energy) is radiated out through the coupling slit 2231 and transmitted to the radiation piece 21.

Referring to fig. 1-3, in one embodiment, the individual shields 226 are equally spaced apart on the feed structure 22.

Referring to fig. 1-3, in one embodiment, the shield 226 includes, but is not limited to, a first metallized via disposed through the feed structure 22. The first metallized via enables the first ground plate 223 and the second ground plate 224 to be electrically connected to each other.

Referring to fig. 1, in one embodiment, a glass body 10 includes a first glass plate 11, an adhesive layer 12, and a second glass plate 13 stacked in order. The radiation sheet 21 is attached to either side of the adhesive layer 12. The adhesive layer 12 may be selected from polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polycarbonate (PC), sound-proof PVB, light-shielding tape PVB, heat-controlling PVB, ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA), thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU), ionomer, thermoplastic material, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene vinyl acetate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl fluoride (PVf), polyacrylate (PA), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyurethane (PUR), and combinations thereof.

Referring to fig. 1 and 4, in some embodiments, the radiation patch 21 includes, but is not limited to, a metal layer disposed on either side of the adhesive layer 12 by electroplating, printing, 3D printing, deposition, pasting, or the like.

Referring to fig. 1 and 4, in some embodiments, the radiation sheet 21 includes, but is not limited to, a sheet with a regular shape, such as a circular sheet, an elliptical sheet, a polygonal sheet, and the like, and a sheet with an irregular shape, which can be flexibly adjusted and set according to practical requirements. Polygonal panels include, but are not limited to, triangular panels, rectangular panels, pentagonal panels, hexagonal panels, and the like.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in one embodiment, the multi-layered dielectric plate 221 includes at least two insulating dielectric plates 2211 stacked. The feed network 222 is sandwiched between any adjacent two insulating medium plates 2211. Of course, as some alternatives, the multi-layer dielectric plate 221 includes an insulating dielectric plate 2211. The feeding network 222 is embedded in the insulating dielectric plate 2211.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in one embodiment, the feeding structure 22 is provided with an input port 227, a transmission line 228, and a conductive connection portion 229. The input port 227 is used for connecting with an external power supply, the input port 227 is electrically connected with the transmission line 228, and the transmission line 228 is electrically connected with the input portion 2222 of the power supply network 222 through the conductive connection portion 229. Optionally, the conductive connection 229 includes, but is not limited to, a second metallized via to make electrical connection between the transmission line 228 and the input 2222 of the feed network 222 at different layers. In operation, the external power supply device inputs signals through the input port 227, transmits the signals to the input portion 2222 of the power supply network 222 through the transmission line 228 and the conductive connection portion 229, processes the signals through the power supply network 222, outputs the signals to the coupling slit 2231, outputs the signals to the radiation sheet 21 through the coupling slit 2231, and outputs the signals to the outside through the radiation sheet 21. The receiving path of the antenna signal is opposite to the output direction, and detailed description is omitted here.

Referring to fig. 1, in one embodiment, the antenna unit 20 further includes a housing (not shown). The feed structure 22 is disposed within a housing that is connected to the inside surface of the glass body 10. Thus, on the one hand, the housing protects the feed structure 22 arranged inside it; on the other hand, the first ground plate 223 of the power feeding structure 22 and the inner side surface of the glass body 10 can be provided with a gap S. Alternatively, the gap S includes, but is not limited to, 5mm-50mm, specifically, for example, 5mm, 10mm, 15mm, 20mm, 50mm. Of course, any value set to less than 5mm, and greater than 50mm is also possible.

Referring to fig. 1-5, in one embodiment, a vehicle includes, but is not limited to, a vehicle configured as an automobile, jeep, bus, van, airplane, train, taxi, bus, and the like. The vehicle comprises the glass antenna of any embodiment, and further comprises a vehicle body, wherein the glass antenna is connected with the vehicle body. When the vehicle is exemplified by an automobile, the glass body 10 includes, but is not limited to, a front windshield, a rear windshield, a quarter window, a sunroof, left and right side windows, and the like.

In operation of the vehicle, since the coupling slot 2231 corresponds to the position of the output portion 2221 of the feeding network 222, the coupling slot 2231 also corresponds to the position of the radiation sheet 21, so that the output portion 2221 of the feeding network 222 and the coupling slot 2231 are mutually coupled to feed, so that the signal (energy) is radiated through the coupling slot 2231, and the radiated signal (energy) is coupled with the radiation sheet 21 to generate the required electromagnetic wave signal. In addition, by adjusting the size of the gap S between the feeding structure 22 and the inner side surface of the glass body 10, the impedance matching and the axial ratio bandwidth can be adjusted accordingly. In addition, since the antenna unit 20 and the glass body 10 are fused with each other, the appearance of the vehicle is not affected, the design difficulty and wind resistance can be reduced, and the antenna loss can be reduced, so that the antenna performance is ensured.

Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 shows an S11 graph of a glass antenna according to an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from fig. 6, S11 is below-10 dB, and the antenna matching is well satisfactory.

Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 shows a left-handed and right-handed diagram of a glass antenna according to an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from fig. 7, the maximum gain of the antenna is 4.5dB.

Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 shows an axial ratio diagram of a glass antenna according to an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from fig. 8, the axial ratio of the antenna is 0.6 at an elevation angle of 0 ° -90 °.

Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 shows a gain diagram of a glass antenna according to an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from fig. 9, the gain of the antenna is 4.5dB.

In this application, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly. For example, the two parts can be fixedly connected, detachably connected or integrated; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the meaning of a first feature being "on" or "off" a second feature, and the like, is that the first and second features are either in direct contact or in indirect contact through an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.

The above examples only represent a few embodiments of the present application, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. It should be noted that it would be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements could be made without departing from the spirit of the present application, which would be within the scope of the present application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the claims appended hereto.

Claims (10)

1. A glass antenna, the glass antenna comprising:

a glass body; and

the antenna unit comprises a radiation sheet and a feed structure which are mutually coupled and matched, the radiation sheet is arranged in the glass body, the feed structure is arranged on the inner side surface of the glass body, and a gap is formed between the feed structure and the inner side surface of the glass body; the feed structure comprises a multilayer dielectric plate, a feed network arranged in the multilayer dielectric plate, a first grounding plate and a second grounding plate, wherein the first grounding plate is arranged on one side surface of the multilayer dielectric plate facing the glass body, and the second grounding plate is arranged on the other side surface of the multilayer dielectric plate; the first grounding plate is provided with a coupling gap, the coupling gap corresponds to the output position of the feed network, and the coupling gap also corresponds to the radiation sheet position.

2. The glass antenna according to claim 1, wherein the radiation piece is provided with a first alignment portion, and the feed structure is provided with a second alignment portion corresponding to the first alignment portion.

3. The glass antenna according to claim 2, wherein the first alignment portion is an alignment hole and/or a colored marker provided at a central position of the radiation piece, and the second alignment portion is an alignment hole and/or a colored marker provided at a central position of the feed structure.

4. The glass antenna according to claim 1, wherein the circumferential profile of the feed structure is distributed with a plurality of shielding portions arranged at intervals in sequence; each shielding part penetrates through the feed structure and is electrically connected with the first grounding plate and the second grounding plate respectively.

5. The glass antenna of claim 4, wherein each of the shields is equally spaced on the feed structure; and/or the shielding part is a first metallized via hole penetrating through the feed structure.

6. The glass antenna according to claim 1, wherein the glass body comprises a first glass plate, an adhesive layer, and a second glass plate laminated in this order; the radiation sheet is connected to any one side surface of the adhesive layer.

7. The glass antenna of claim 1, wherein the multi-layer dielectric plate comprises at least two dielectric plates stacked, the feed network being disposed between any adjacent two dielectric plates; alternatively, the multi-layer dielectric plate comprises an insulating dielectric plate, and the feed network is embedded in the insulating dielectric plate.

8. The glass antenna of claim 7, wherein the feed structure is provided with an input port, a transmission line, and a conductive connection portion, the input port is configured to be connected to an external feed device, the input port is electrically connected to the transmission line, and the transmission line is electrically connected to the input portion of the feed network through the conductive connection portion.

9. The glass antenna according to any of claims 1 to 8, wherein the antenna element further comprises a housing, the feed structure being disposed inside the housing, the housing being connected to the glass inner side.

10. A vehicle comprising the glass antenna of any one of claims 1 to 9, and further comprising a vehicle body, the glass antenna being connected to the vehicle body.