CN220330891U - Four-axis adjusting type annular worm grinding device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of grinding tools and discloses a four-axis adjustable type toroidal worm grinding device which comprises a fixed base, wherein the bottom of the fixed base is provided with a connecting datum plane, a turntable seat is rotationally connected to the fixed base, a longitudinal sliding block is slidingly connected to the turntable seat, a transverse sliding block is slidingly connected to the longitudinal sliding block, a fixed body is connected to the fixed body in a rotating manner, the axis of the rotating body is parallel to the connecting datum plane of the fixed base and perpendicular to the sliding direction of the transverse sliding block or the longitudinal sliding block, a grinding head body and a motor are connected to the rotating body, the axis of the grinding head body is perpendicularly intersected with the axis of the rotating body, the input end of the grinding head body is in transmission connection with an output shaft of the motor, the output end of the grinding head body is used for coaxially installing a plane grinding wheel, a plane which is perpendicular to the axis of the grinding head body through the axis of the rotating body is the grinding datum plane, and the working plane of the plane grinding wheel is positioned on the grinding datum plane.

Description

Four-axis adjusting type annular worm grinding device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of grinding tools, in particular to a four-axis adjustable type toroidal worm grinding device.

Background

The worm and gear transmission has the characteristics of large transmission ratio, compact structure, stable transmission, low noise and the like, and has self-locking property under certain conditions, so that the worm and gear transmission is widely applied to the mechanical field. The worms therein are generally divided into several types according to shape, one of which is a planar enveloping worm. In the prior art, various plane grinding wheel grinding devices are mainly adopted for grinding the plane enveloping worm, and the plane grinding wheel grinding devices are generally used as machine tool accessories to be installed on a rotary workbench of a grinding machine. The currently common plane grinding wheel grinding devices are mainly the rotary plane grinding wheel grinding devices shown in fig. 1.

Although the rotary plane grinding wheel grinding device is widely applied, certain defects still exist: firstly), a rotation adjusting structure for adjusting the inclination angle of the plane grinding wheel by adapting to the spiral angle of the worm workpiece, namely an integral rotation adjusting structure composed of a motor a, a grinding head body b, a plane grinding wheel c and the like, can rotate along the axis which is horizontal and vertical to the axis of the worm workpiece. However, since the center point of the working plane of the planar grinding wheel c deviates from the axis, the center point of the working plane of the planar grinding wheel c will change in height after the rotation of the rotation adjustment structure, and the working plane of the planar grinding wheel c will deviate from the main base circle of the worm workpiece, so that complex calculation and adjustment are required to meet the tool setting requirement when the planar grinding wheel c and the worm workpiece are set before grinding. When grinding worm workpieces with different tooth surfaces, multiple calculation, adjustment, measurement and the like are required, and a great deal of time is spent, and the time is calculated in process time and cost, and the workers are required to have the capability of skilled calculation, adjustment, measurement and the like. Second), when the grinding front plane grinding wheel c and the worm workpiece are aligned, the plane grinding wheel c is usually directly driven to the bottom, then gradually approaches the tooth surface and controls the grinding amount. For the special toroidal worm machine with the differential device, the plane grinding wheel c can gradually approach the tooth surface and control the grinding amount through the differential device, and the special toroidal worm machine is expensive. For other grinding machines provided with rotary plane grinding wheel grinding devices, the rotary plane grinding wheel grinding devices cannot be adjusted by themselves because of the lack of differential devices, so that the grinding devices can be adjusted only by means of experience of workers, the grinding quantity is easily overlarge or overlarge, the safety is poor, and a lot of inconvenience is brought to grinding. Thirdly), the rotary type plane grinding wheel grinding device and the rotary table of the grinding machine are fixed in a mode of penetrating through bolt lock nuts after aligning bolt hole sites, so that the rotary type plane grinding wheel grinding device is limited in position which cannot be adjusted or is adjusted in the circumferential direction relative to the rotary table, and objects which can be processed are limited. Moreover, for worm workpieces with larger helix angles, the plane grinding wheel c cannot be adjusted to the corresponding position, and grinding processing cannot be performed.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a four-axis adjustable type toroidal worm grinding device for overcoming the defects in the prior art. The utility model achieves the above object by the following technical scheme.

The four-axis adjustable type toroidal worm grinding device comprises a fixed base, wherein the bottom of the fixed base is provided with a connecting datum plane, a turntable seat is rotationally connected to the fixed base, the rotation axis of the turntable seat is vertical to the connecting datum plane of the fixed base, a longitudinal sliding block is slidingly connected to the turntable seat, a transverse sliding block is slidingly connected to the longitudinal sliding block, and the sliding direction of the longitudinal sliding block and the sliding direction of the transverse sliding block are mutually vertical and are parallel to the connecting datum plane of the fixed base; the horizontal sliding block is connected with a fixed body, the fixed body is rotationally connected with a rotating body, the axis of the rotating body is parallel to a connecting datum plane of the fixed base and is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the horizontal sliding block or the longitudinal sliding block, the rotating body is connected with a grinding head body and a motor, the axis of the grinding head body is perpendicularly intersected with the axis of the rotating body, the input end of the grinding head body is in transmission connection with the output shaft of the motor, the output end of the grinding head body is used for coaxially installing a plane grinding wheel, a plane which passes through the axis of the rotating body and is perpendicular to the axis of the grinding head body is a grinding base plane, the working plane of the plane grinding wheel is positioned on the grinding base plane, and the locking can be realized between the fixed base and the rotating disc seat, between the rotating disc seat and the longitudinal sliding block, between the longitudinal sliding block and the horizontal sliding block, and between the fixed body and the rotating body.

The grinding head body in this scheme is the grinding head body in the current product, for example rotary type plane grinding wheel grinding device, and it mainly includes shell, bearing, rotation axis, and wherein the one end of rotation axis is used for installing the emery wheel, and the other end of rotation axis is used for installing the belt pulley. The scheme is mounted on a supporting plane of a rotary workbench of a grinding machine by taking a connecting reference surface of a fixed base as a reference. During installation, the rotation axis of the turntable seat is coaxial with the rotation center of the rotary table, for example, a positioning mandrel can be arranged at the center of the fixed base or the turntable seat to coaxially position the rotary table, and then the fixed base and the rotary table are locked and fixed. The fixed base and the turntable seat and other structures in the scheme form a circumference adjusting mechanism, and the position of the plane grinding wheel in the circumferential direction can be adjusted randomly, so that the range of the worm workpiece which can be ground by the four-axis adjusting type annular worm grinding device is greatly increased, and the range has continuity.

The support plane of the rotary table is generally perpendicular to the rotation center of the rotary table, and when the planar grinding wheel is used for grinding a planar enveloping worm workpiece, the planar grinding wheel rotates along with the circumferential direction of the rotary table. According to the plane enveloping worm forming principle, the movement track of the center point of the working plane of the plane grinding wheel is required to be positioned on a plane which passes through the axis of the worm workpiece and is parallel to the supporting plane of the rotary worktable, and the rotary center of the rotary worktable passes through the center of the main base circle of the worm workpiece on the plane, and the plane which passes through the axis of the worm workpiece and is parallel to the supporting plane of the rotary worktable is called as a parallel main base circle surface. To meet this requirement, it is ensured that the vertical distance from the center point of the work plane of the planar grinding wheel to the support plane of the rotary table is equal to the vertical distance from the axis of the worm workpiece to the support plane of the rotary table. The center point of the working plane of the plane grinding wheel in the scheme is on the axis of the rotating body, the axis of the rotating body is parallel to the connecting reference plane of the fixed base, and the connecting reference plane of the fixed base is used as a reference to be matched with the supporting plane of the rotating table. Therefore, when the scheme is assembled on the grinding machine, the requirements can be met by only ensuring that the sum of the distance from the axis of the rotating body to the connecting reference surface of the fixed base and the distance from the connecting reference surface of the fixed base to the supporting plane of the rotary table is equal to the vertical distance from the axis of the worm workpiece to the supporting plane of the rotary table. The distance from the axis of the rotating body to the connecting reference surface of the fixed base is a fixed design value, and a cushion block with standard height can be additionally arranged between the connecting reference surface of the fixed base and the supporting plane of the rotary table. The scheme is very convenient to assemble on the grinding machine according to design parameters. More importantly, when the rotating body is rotated to adjust the inclination angle of the plane grinding wheel to adapt to the spiral angle of the worm workpiece, the vertical distance from the center point of the working plane of the plane grinding wheel to the supporting plane of the rotating table is always unchanged. If the surface of the support plane of the rotary worktable is a horizontal plane, the height of the center point of the working plane of the plane grinding wheel is always unchanged, that is, the rotary body is simply rotated to determine an angle, and the height problem of the center point of the working plane of the plane grinding wheel is not needed to be considered.

When a plane grinding wheel is used for grinding a plane enveloping worm workpiece, according to the forming principle of the plane enveloping worm, the working plane of the plane grinding wheel is tangential with the main base circle of the worm workpiece. As described above, after the present solution is assembled on the grinding machine, the axis of the rotating body is located on the parallel main base circle surface, the sliding direction of the longitudinal slide block and the sliding direction of the transverse slide block are both parallel to the parallel main base circle surface, and the axis of the rotating body is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the transverse slide block or the longitudinal slide block, so that when the planar grinding wheel moves along with the longitudinal slide block and the transverse slide block, one of the moving directions is parallel to the radial direction of the main base circle of the worm workpiece (the main base circle on the parallel main base circle surface), and the other moving direction is parallel to the tangential direction of the main base circle of the worm workpiece. Therefore, the adjustment operation of tangent and feed of the working plane of the plane grinding wheel and the main base circle of the worm workpiece can be greatly simplified, and the accurate adjustment and feed of the grinding process are very facilitated.

For example, a straight line passing through the center point of the working plane of the planar grinding wheel and perpendicular to the connecting reference plane of the fixed base is used as a reference line of the scheme, the reference line is overlapped with the rotation center of the rotary table during alignment, the rotation center of the rotary table is positioned at the center distance position of the worm workpiece, the planar grinding wheel is moved along the radial direction and tangential direction of the main base circle of the worm workpiece by the sliding transverse sliding block and the longitudinal sliding block, the radial movement distance of the main base circle of the worm workpiece is equal to the radius of the main base circle of the worm workpiece, that is, the working plane of the planar grinding wheel and the main base circle of the worm workpiece meet the tangential requirement after the movement. And the distance along the tangential movement of the main base circle of the worm workpiece is the feed distance.

According to the scheme, through ingenious design, the center point of the working plane of the plane grinding wheel is arranged on the axial center of the rotating body, the plane grinding wheel can move along two directions perpendicular to each other, the plane grinding wheel can be very conveniently assembled on a grinding machine according to design parameters, when the inclination angle of the plane grinding wheel is adjusted to adapt to the spiral angle of a worm workpiece, the rotating body is simply rotated, complex and complicated calculation processes are avoided, the requirements of the sizes of main base circles of different worm workpieces can be met, the device can be used for adjusting and feeding along the tangential direction of the main base circle of the worm workpiece towards or away from the worm workpiece, and the device is applicable to the worm workpiece with larger spiral angle.

As a further improved structural form, the fixed base is rotationally connected with an adjusting worm, the rotation axis of the adjusting worm is parallel to the connecting datum plane of the fixed base, and the turntable seat is provided with an adjusting worm wheel part coaxial with the rotation axis of the turntable seat, and the adjusting worm is in transmission fit with the adjusting worm wheel part. The transmission between the adjusting worm and the adjusting worm wheel part is a speed reduction transmission, and the rotating disc seat and the parts connected to the rotating disc seat are driven to rotate together by rotating the adjusting worm. The fine adjustment of the position of the plane grinding wheel in the circumferential direction can be realized by adopting worm and gear reduction transmission. In addition, the cutter can be used as a cutter feeding mechanism for feeding cutters in the circumferential direction, thereby greatly facilitating grinding processing.

As a further improved structural form, two longitudinal layering guide rails are symmetrically arranged on the turntable seat, a longitudinal sliding block is positioned between the two longitudinal layering guide rails and is in sliding fit with the two longitudinal layering guide rails, a rack part is arranged on the side surface of one longitudinal layering guide rail along the length direction of the side surface of the longitudinal layering guide rail, a first adjusting gear is rotationally connected to the longitudinal sliding block, the first adjusting gear is meshed with the rack part of the longitudinal layering guide rail, and an exposed wrench position is arranged on the first adjusting gear shaft.

As a further improved structural form, the two transverse press bar guide rails are symmetrically arranged on the longitudinal sliding block, the transverse sliding block is positioned between the two transverse press bar guide rails and is in sliding fit with the two transverse press bar guide rails, a rack part is arranged on the side surface of one transverse press bar guide rail along the length direction of the side surface of the transverse press bar guide rail, a second adjusting gear is rotationally connected to the transverse sliding block, the second adjusting gear is meshed with the rack part of the transverse press bar guide rail, and an exposed wrench position is arranged on the second adjusting gear shaft.

In the field of machine tools, the guide rail and the sliding block mostly adopt a dovetail groove structure, the guide rail is connected with the screw rod in a rotating mode, the sliding block is driven by the screw rod in a rotating mode, and a rotating handle is arranged at the end part of the screw rod generally. However, the dovetail groove type guide rail slide block mechanism occupies a large space in length because of the screw and the rotary handle, and is easy to prevent the rotation adjustment of the rotary body for the grinding accessory with compact structure, so that the rotation adjustment angle of the rotary body is limited. In addition, the torque of the rotating handle is too short, resulting in a great effort in rotating the screw. In the utility model, the first adjusting gear and the second adjusting gear which are used as driving parts are respectively arranged on the longitudinal sliding block and the transverse sliding block, and the guide rail sliding block mechanism occupies smaller space in length, so that the structure of the grinding accessory is more compact, the rotation adjustment of the rotating body is not easy to be hindered, and the angle of the rotatable adjustment of the rotating body is larger. When the wrench is longitudinally or transversely adjusted, the wrench sleeve is screwed at the wrench position of the first adjusting gear or the second adjusting gear, and particularly, the ratchet wrench with the long handle is adopted, so that the wrench is convenient and labor-saving, and can be taken down to be placed on one side when the adjustment is not needed, and the space of a grinding accessory is not occupied.

As a further improved structural form, the fixed body is a box body, the rotating body is an output shaft, a large gear is fixed on the output shaft, an input shaft is rotationally connected to the box body, a small gear is fixed on the input shaft, the small gear and the large gear form reduction transmission fit, one end of the input shaft is exposed out of the box body, and a wrench position is arranged at the end part of the input shaft exposed out of the box body. The pinion and the large gear are in reduction transmission fit and can be in direct engagement transmission, and a transition gear can be additionally arranged between the pinion and the large gear, so that the rotation of the output shaft is driven by the pinion no matter what way is adopted, and the power and the accuracy are further saved. In addition, compared with other speed reduction transmission mechanisms, such as worm gears and worms in worm gear and worm speed reduction transmission mechanisms, the design and processing of the gears are easier, and the cost can be reduced.

As a further improved structural form, one axial side of the rotating body is connected with a motor seat, the motor is connected to the motor seat, the other axial side of the rotating body is connected with a grinding head guide rail, the trend of the grinding head guide rail is parallel to the axis of the grinding head body, the grinding head guide rail is connected with a grinding head support in a sliding manner, the grinding head body is connected to the grinding head support, the grinding head support and the grinding head guide rail can be locked, and the input end of the grinding head body is connected with the output shaft of the motor through a belt transmission. The motor and the grinding head body are respectively connected to the two axial sides of the rotating body, so that the weight of the two axial sides of the rotating body is closer, the stress of the rotating body can be balanced, and the rotating body can save more labor during rotation. In addition, the motor and the grinding head body are respectively connected to two axial sides of the rotating body, and the space occupied in the radial direction of the rotating body can be smaller, so that the smaller the possibility that the motor, the grinding head body, the plane grinding wheel and the like interfere with the sliding block, the guide rail and the like when the rotating body rotates, the larger the angle range that the rotating body can rotate. The angle that the rotating body can rotate with the motor, the grinding head body and the like connected with the rotating body is at least 180 degrees, and the angle is enough to meet the requirements of grinding the tooth surfaces on two sides of most worm workpieces.

As a further improved structural form, the fixed base is provided with a circumferential T-shaped groove which is opened towards the turntable seat, the axle center surrounded by the circumferential T-shaped groove is coaxial with the rotation axle center of the turntable seat, a T-shaped bolt is assembled in the circumferential T-shaped groove, and the T-shaped bolt in the circumferential T-shaped groove penetrates through the turntable seat and then is in threaded fit with a nut, so that the turntable seat and the fixed base can be locked.

As a further improved structural form, the turntable seat is provided with a longitudinal T-shaped groove which is opened towards the longitudinal sliding block, the trend of the longitudinal T-shaped groove is parallel to the sliding direction of the longitudinal sliding block, a T-shaped bolt is assembled in the longitudinal T-shaped groove, and a nut is screwed in the T-shaped bolt in the longitudinal T-shaped groove after penetrating through the longitudinal sliding block and can lock the longitudinal sliding block and the turntable seat.

As a further improved structural form, the longitudinal sliding block is provided with a transverse T-shaped groove which is opened towards the transverse sliding block, the trend of the transverse T-shaped groove is parallel to the sliding direction of the transverse sliding block, a T-shaped bolt is assembled in the transverse T-shaped groove, and a nut is screwed in the T-shaped bolt in the transverse T-shaped groove after passing through the transverse sliding block and can lock the transverse sliding block and the longitudinal sliding block.

As a further improved structural form, a coaxial flange is arranged on one axial side of the rotating body, a circumferential T-shaped groove which is opened towards the flange is arranged on the fixed body, the axis surrounded by the circumferential T-shaped groove is coaxial with the axis of the rotating body, a T-shaped bolt is assembled in the circumferential T-shaped groove, a nut is screwed in the T-shaped bolt in the circumferential T-shaped groove after penetrating through the flange, and the rotating body and the fixed body can be locked.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following main beneficial effects: the four-axis adjustable toroidal worm grinding device is very convenient to assemble on a grinding machine according to design parameters; the fixed base and the turntable seat form a circumference adjusting mechanism, the position of the plane grinding wheel in the circumferential direction can be adjusted at will, so that the range of a worm workpiece which can be ground by the four-axis adjusting type annular worm grinding device is greatly increased, the range has continuity, and fine adjustment of the position of the plane grinding wheel in the circumferential direction can be realized due to the adoption of worm gear reduction transmission; in addition, the cutter can be used as a cutter feeding mechanism for feeding cutters in the circumferential direction, so that the grinding processing is greatly facilitated; when the inclination angle of the plane grinding wheel is adjusted to adapt to the helix angle of the worm workpiece, the rotating body is simply rotated, so that complex and complicated calculation processes are avoided, the requirements of different main base circles of the worm workpiece can be met, the device can be used for adjusting and feeding towards or away from the worm workpiece along the tangential direction of the main base circle of the worm workpiece, and the device is suitable for the worm workpiece with larger helix angle; the motor and the grinding head body are respectively connected to the two axial sides of the rotating body, so that the weight of the two axial sides of the rotating body is closer, the stress of the rotating body is more balanced, and the rotating body is more labor-saving during rotation; the motor and the grinding head body are respectively connected to the two axial sides of the rotating body, the space occupied in the radial direction of the rotating body is smaller, the possibility that the motor, the grinding head body, the plane grinding wheel and the like interfere with the sliding block, the guide rail and the like when the rotating body rotates is smaller, the rotating body can rotate at a larger angle with the motor, the grinding head body and the like connected with the motor and the grinding head body, so that after one side tooth surface of the worm workpiece is ground, the rotating body is rotated at a corresponding angle according to design parameters of the worm workpiece, and the transverse sliding block or the longitudinal sliding block slides for a corresponding distance, the other side tooth surface of the worm workpiece is ground, two sets of grinding accessories are not required to be installed, the grinding accessories are not required to be disassembled and reassembled to be matched with the tooth surface on the other side, the number of mechanisms can be greatly reduced, the working strength is reduced, and the operation is simple and quick; the first adjusting gear and the second adjusting gear are respectively arranged on the longitudinal sliding block and the transverse sliding block, so that the guide rail sliding block mechanism occupies smaller space in length, the structure of the grinding accessory is more compact, the rotating adjustment of the rotating body is not easy to be hindered, and the rotating body can rotate and adjust at a larger angle; when the wrench is longitudinally or transversely adjusted, the wrench sleeve is used for screwing the wrench position of the first adjusting gear or the second adjusting gear, so that convenience and labor are saved, the wrench can be taken down to be placed on one side when adjustment is not needed, and the space of a grinding accessory is not occupied.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rotary planar grinding wheel grinding device in the prior art.

Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a fixed base and a turntable base in a partially disassembled state according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a turntable seat, a longitudinal pressing bar guide rail, a longitudinal sliding block, an adapter plate and the like in an assembled state in an embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first adjusting gear, the lower sleeve and the upper sleeve of the cover plate according to the embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of an assembled state of an adapter plate, a transverse batten guide rail, a transverse slider and the like in an embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a partially cut-away case, an output shaft, a large gear, and the like in an assembled state according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of an assembled state of an output shaft, a motor base, a grinding head guide rail, a planar grinding wheel, and the like in an embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the present utility model assembled on a rotary table of a grinding machine.

Description of the embodiments

The utility model is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent. For the sake of brevity of description of the present embodiment, some parts of the drawings or description that are well known to those skilled in the art but not relevant to the main content of the present utility model will be omitted. In addition, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced for convenience of description, but not represent the size or the whole structure of the actual product.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, an embodiment of a four-axis adjustable toroidal worm grinding device includes a circular fixed base 11 with a bottom portion provided with a connection reference surface, and a circular turntable base 12 is rotatably connected to the fixed base 11. Wherein, the fixed base 11 is provided with a coaxial center hole 111, a circular boss 121 is coaxially arranged below the turntable base 12, and the circular boss 121 of the turntable base 12 is coaxially matched and inserted into the center hole 111, thereby realizing the rotary connection of the turntable base 12 and the fixed base 11. The axis of the fixed base 11, the axis of the turntable base 12 and the rotation axis of the turntable base 12 are all coaxial and perpendicular to the connection reference plane of the fixed base 11.

The fixed base 11 is fixedly connected with a worm box 13 after being cut off along the chord length, the worm box 13 is rotationally connected with an adjusting worm 14 through two shaft sleeves, and the axis of the adjusting worm 14 is parallel to the connecting datum plane of the fixed base 11. Both ends of the adjusting worm 14 are exposed out of the worm box 13, and spanner positions are arranged on both end parts of the adjusting worm 14 exposed out of the worm box 13. An adjusting worm wheel part 122 is coaxially and fixedly connected below the turntable seat 12, and the adjusting worm 14 and the adjusting worm wheel part 122 are in speed reduction transmission fit. For ease of processing, the adjustment worm gear 122 may be a separate piece that is then fixedly attached to the underside of the turret seat 12 by welding or bolting.

The fixed base 11 is provided with a circle of circumferential T-shaped grooves 112 which are open towards the turntable base 12, and the axle center surrounded by the circumferential T-shaped grooves 112 is coaxial with the axle center of the turntable base 12. Four T-shaped bolts are assembled in the circumferential T-shaped groove 112, four bolt through holes are formed in the turntable seat 12, and nuts are screwed after the four T-shaped bolts in the circumferential T-shaped groove 112 respectively penetrate through the four bolt through holes in the turntable seat 12. When the turntable seat 12 is required to be rotated, the four nuts are unscrewed, then the spanner is used for screwing the adjusting worm 14, after the turntable seat 12 is rotated in place, the turntable seat 12 and the fixed base 11 can be locked by screwing the four nuts, so that displacement can not be generated between the turntable seat 12 and the fixed base 11 during grinding after locking, and the stability and the accuracy of the grinding are ensured. And because the T-bolts can be located anywhere along the circumference of the circumferential T-slot 112, the turret block 12 can be adjusted and locked in 360 degrees of rotation. In order to facilitate observation and accurately determine the rotation adjustment angle of the turntable base 12, the present embodiment provides a circumferential scale 15 on the outer circumferential surface of the fixed base 11, and provides a circumferential cursor 16 on the outer circumferential surface of the turntable base 12 at a position corresponding to the circumferential scale 15.

As shown in fig. 2, 4 and 5, two longitudinal batten guide rails 21 with L-shaped cross sections are connected to the turntable base 12. The two longitudinal pressing bar guide rails 21 are symmetrically arranged on a plane passing through the diameter of the turntable base 12 and perpendicular to the connecting reference surface of the fixed base 11, and a longitudinal T-shaped slide rail is formed between the two longitudinal pressing bar guide rails 21 and the turntable base 12, and a longitudinal slide block 22 with a main body in a T shape is slidably matched in the longitudinal T-shaped slide rail. The two longitudinal batten guide rails 21 enable the longitudinal sliding blocks 22 to always be attached to the turntable seat 12 when sliding along the longitudinal batten guide rails 21, and the sliding direction of the longitudinal sliding blocks 22 is parallel to the connecting reference surface of the fixed base 11.

One of the longitudinal bead rails 21 is provided with a rack portion 211 along the length direction of the longitudinal bead rail 21 on a side facing the longitudinal T-shaped slide. The longitudinal sliding block 22 is coaxially embedded with a lower shaft sleeve 23 and a cover plate upper shaft sleeve 24 near the side edge, the longitudinal sliding block 22 is rotationally connected with a first adjusting gear 25 through the lower shaft sleeve 23 and the cover plate upper shaft sleeve 24, and the first adjusting gear 25 is meshed with a rack part 211 of the longitudinal layering guide rail 21. The first adjusting gear 25 is axially provided with a wrench position exposed to the longitudinal slide 22 and the cover plate upper sleeve 24. The turntable seat 12 is provided with a longitudinal T-shaped groove 123 which is open towards the longitudinal sliding block 22, the longitudinal T-shaped groove 123 is positioned at the middle position of the two longitudinal layering guide rails 21, and the trend of the longitudinal T-shaped groove 123 is parallel to the sliding direction of the longitudinal sliding block 22. Two T-shaped bolts are assembled in the longitudinal T-shaped groove 123, two bolt through holes are respectively formed in the two ends, close to the two ends, of the longitudinal sliding block 22, and nuts are screwed after the two T-shaped bolts in the longitudinal T-shaped groove 123 respectively penetrate through the two bolt through holes of the longitudinal sliding block 22. When the longitudinal slide block 22 needs to be slid, the two nuts are unscrewed, then the first adjusting gear 25 is screwed by using a wrench, after the longitudinal slide block 22 slides in place, the longitudinal slide block 22 and the turntable seat 12 can be locked by screwing the two nuts, so that displacement can not be generated between the longitudinal slide block 22 and the turntable seat 12 when grinding is performed after the locking, and the grinding is ensured to be stable and accurate.

In order to facilitate assembly and increase structural strength of the parts, in this embodiment, the adapter plate 26 is fixedly connected to the longitudinal slide 22, and the adapter plate 26 and the longitudinal slide 22 may be regarded as an integral part, or may be directly integrally formed. In order to facilitate observation and accurately determine the sliding adjustment distance of the longitudinal sliding block 22, the embodiment is provided with a longitudinal scale 27 on the other side of the longitudinal layering guide rail 21 with a rack portion 211, and a longitudinal cursor 28 is connected to the adapter plate 26 at a position corresponding to the longitudinal scale 27.

As shown in fig. 2 and 6, two transverse batten guide rails 31 with L-shaped cross sections are connected to the adapter plate 26, the two transverse batten guide rails 31 are symmetrically arranged on the middle surface of the longitudinal sliding block 22 in the sliding direction, namely on the middle surface of the longitudinal sliding block 22 in the length direction, a transverse T-shaped slide way is formed between the two transverse batten guide rails 31 and the adapter plate 26, and a transverse sliding block 32 with a T-shaped main body is slidably matched in the transverse T-shaped slide way, and the sliding direction of the transverse sliding block 32 is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the longitudinal sliding block 22. The two transverse batten guide rails 31 enable the transverse sliding blocks 32 to be always attached to the adapter plate 26 when sliding along the transverse batten guide rails 31, and the sliding direction of the transverse sliding blocks 32 is parallel to the connecting reference surface of the fixed base 11.

One side of one of the transverse bead guide rails 31 facing the transverse T-shaped slide rail is provided with a rack portion 311 along the length direction of the transverse bead guide rail 31. The lateral slider 32 is rotatably connected to a second adjusting gear 33 near the side edge, and the second adjusting gear 33 has the same mounting structure as the first adjusting gear 25. The second adjusting gear 33 is engaged with the rack portion 311 of the transverse bead rail 31. The second adjusting gear 33 is provided with a wrench position exposed to the lateral slider 32 in the axial direction. The adapter plate 26 is provided with a transverse T-shaped groove 261 which is open towards the transverse sliding block 32, the transverse T-shaped groove 261 is positioned at the middle position of the two transverse layering guide rails 31, and the trend of the transverse T-shaped groove 261 is parallel to the sliding direction of the transverse sliding block 32. Two T-shaped bolts are assembled in the transverse T-shaped groove 261, two bolt through holes are respectively formed in the two ends, close to the two ends, of the transverse sliding block 32, and nuts are screwed after the two T-shaped bolts in the transverse T-shaped groove 261 pass through the two bolt through holes of the transverse sliding block 32 respectively. When the transverse sliding block 32 needs to be slid, the two nuts are unscrewed, then the second adjusting gear 33 is screwed by using a wrench, after the transverse sliding block 32 slides in place, the two nuts are screwed again, and the transverse sliding block 32, the adapter plate 26 and the longitudinal sliding block 22 can be locked, so that displacement can not be generated between the transverse sliding block 32 and the adapter plate 26 when grinding is performed after locking, and stable and accurate grinding is ensured. In order to facilitate observation and accurately determine the sliding adjustment distance of the transverse slider 32, a transverse scale 34 is arranged on the other side of the transverse layering guide rail 31 with the rack part 311, and a transverse cursor 35 is connected to the transverse slider 32 at a position corresponding to the transverse scale 34.

As shown in fig. 2 and 7, the lateral slider 32 is connected with a case 41, and the case 41 includes an upper case and a lower case that are fastened to each other. The case 41 is rotatably connected to a hollow output shaft 42, an intermediate shaft 43, and an input shaft 44 through bushings, a large gear 421 is fixed to the hollow output shaft 42, a middle gear 431 is fixed to the intermediate shaft 43, and a small gear 441 is fixed to the input shaft 44. The pinion 441, the middle gear 431 and the large gear 421 are all spur gears, the pinion 441 and the middle gear 431 are externally meshed, and the middle gear 431 and the large gear 421 are externally meshed, so that the pinion 441, the middle gear 431 and the large gear 421 form reduction transmission fit, one end of the input shaft 44 is exposed out of the box 41, and a wrench position is arranged at the end of the input shaft 44 exposed out of the box 41. The pinion 441 and the middle gear 431 in the present embodiment are respectively two, and the two pinion 441 and the two middle gears 431 are respectively symmetrically arranged with respect to the vertical plane as seen in the drawing, so that any one of the pinion 441 can be selected for manual rotation, which is convenient for operation. The hollow output shaft 42 in this embodiment is only manually adjusted so that the speed is slow, and the sleeve can play roles in fixing the position, resisting abrasion and sliding, reducing abrasion, ensuring that the hollow output shaft rotates lightly and smoothly, and the like.

The axis of the hollow output shaft 42 in this embodiment is parallel to the connection reference plane of the fixed base 11 and parallel to the sliding direction of the longitudinal slider 22. For the convenience of alignment and assembly according to design parameters, the axis of the hollow output shaft 42 in this embodiment is located on the middle plane of the lateral slider 32 in the sliding direction, that is, on the middle plane of the lateral slider 32 in the longitudinal direction, and the middle plane of the case 41 in the axial direction of the hollow output shaft 42 coincides with the middle plane of the longitudinal slider 22 in the sliding direction, that is, coincides with the middle plane of the longitudinal slider 22 in the longitudinal direction.

The hollow output shaft 42 is provided with a coaxial circular flange 422 on one axial side, the box 41 is provided with a circle of circumferential T-shaped slots 411 which are opened towards the flange 422, the axle center surrounded by the circumferential T-shaped slots 411 is coaxial with the axle center of the hollow output shaft 42, one half of the circumferential T-shaped slots 411 is positioned in the upper half box, and the other half of the circumferential T-shaped slots 411 is positioned in the lower half box. Four T-shaped bolts are assembled in the circumferential T-shaped slot 411, four bolt through holes are formed in the flange 422, and nuts are screwed after the four T-shaped bolts in the circumferential T-shaped slot 411 pass through the four bolt through holes in the flange 422 respectively. When the hollow output shaft 42 is required to be rotated, the four nuts are unscrewed, then the pinion 441 is screwed by a wrench, after the hollow output shaft 42 is rotated in place, the hollow output shaft 42 and the box 41 can be locked by screwing the four nuts, so that displacement can not be generated between the hollow output shaft 42 and the box 41 when grinding is performed after locking, and stable and accurate grinding is ensured. And because the T-bolts can be located at any position in the circumferential direction of the circumferential T-shaped slot 411, the hollow output shaft 42 can be theoretically adjusted and locked by 360 degrees. In order to facilitate observation and accurately determine the rotation adjustment angle of the hollow output shaft 42, a circumferential scale 45 is provided on the case 41, and a corresponding circumferential cursor 46 is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the flange 422.

As shown in fig. 2 and 8, in this embodiment, a grinding head guide rail 51 having a T-shaped cross section is connected to one axial end of the hollow output shaft 42, and the grinding head guide rail 51 is fixedly connected to the flange 422. The grinding head guide rail 51 is slidably connected with a grinding head support 52, and one end of the grinding head support 52 is provided with a T-shaped chute matched with the grinding head guide rail 51, so that the grinding head support 52 can be supported on the grinding head guide rail 51 in a cantilever manner and can slide along the trend of the grinding head guide rail 51. Two set screws are screwed on the grinding head support 52, the set screws are propped against the grinding head guide rail 51, and thus the grinding head support 52 and the grinding head guide rail 51 can be locked through the set screws after the grinding head support 52 is slid to a well-adjusted position. The other end of the grinding head support 52 is connected with a grinding head body 53, the axis of the grinding head body 53 is parallel to the trend of the grinding head guide rail 51, and the axis of the grinding head body 53 is perpendicularly intersected with the axis of the hollow output shaft 42. The grinding head body 53 in this embodiment is a grinding head body in a rotary type plane grinding wheel grinding device in the prior art. The other axial end of the hollow output shaft 42 is fixedly connected with a motor base 54, and the motor base 54 is fixedly connected with a three-phase asynchronous motor 55. The input end of the grinding head body 53 is in transmission connection with the output shaft of the three-phase asynchronous motor 55 through three triangular belts 56, and the output end of the grinding head body 53 is used for fixing a plane grinding wheel 57. In the present embodiment, a plane passing through the axis of the hollow output shaft 42 and perpendicular to the axis of the grinding head body 53 is defined as a grinding base surface on which the working plane of the planar grinding wheel 57 is located. In this embodiment, the hollow output shaft 42 is typically rotated at least 180 degrees. After the optimization design, the rotation angle of the hollow output shaft 42 in the embodiment can reach 220 degrees when measured in the three-dimensional design drawing, that is, the rotation angle of the hollow output shaft 42 with the three-phase asynchronous motor 55, the grinding head body 53 and the like connected with the hollow output shaft can reach 220 degrees.

The grinding processing of the planar enveloping worm has very important significance, directly influences the efficiency, the precision, the bearing capacity, the stability and the like of worm gear transmission, and relates to the service life of the worm gear and the like. The four-axis adjusting type annular worm grinding device of the embodiment is adopted to grind the annular worm, so that the precision of the annular worm part is higher, and the inclination angle, the distance, the feed and the like of the plane grinding wheel 57 are adjusted more conveniently, rapidly and accurately.

As shown in fig. 9 and 2, the grinding attachment of the present embodiment is applied to the grinding machine 8, and the support plane of the rotary table 81 of the grinding machine 8 is a horizontal plane, and the grinding attachment is fixedly attached to the support plane. When the fixed base is connected, the connection datum plane of the fixed base 11 and the supporting plane of the rotary table 81 are ensured to be parallel, the axial height of the hollow output shaft 42 is ensured to be equal to that of the worm workpiece, if the height of the hollow output shaft 42 is insufficient, the height can be ensured by additionally installing a cushion block with standard height, the axial center of the turntable base 12 and the rotary center of the rotary table 81 are ensured to be coaxial, and then the fixed base 11 and the rotary table 81 are locked and fixed.

One key point in the grinding process of the planar enveloping worm is to adjust the inclination angle of the planar grinding wheel 57 to adapt to the helix angle of the worm workpiece, and the adjustment of the inclination angle of the planar grinding wheel in the prior art has the problems of great difficulty, repeated calculation and measurement and the like. The present embodiment is much simpler in adjusting the tilt angle of the plane grinding wheel 57, and the first point is that the height of the center point of the working plane of the plane grinding wheel 57 is always constant when the hollow output shaft 42 is rotated to adjust the tilt angle of the plane grinding wheel 57, that is, the hollow output shaft 42 is simply rotated when the tilt angle of the plane grinding wheel 57 is adjusted, without considering the height problem of the center point of the working plane of the plane grinding wheel 57. And the circumference scale 45 and the circumference cursor 46 are correspondingly arranged, the working plane of the plane grinding wheel 57 is the initial position of the plane grinding wheel 57 when being positioned on the vertical plane, zero positions are marked on the circumference scale 45 and the circumference cursor 46, so that the required helix angle can be obtained according to the helix angle of the circumference scale 45 or the circumference cursor 46 by rotating the scale of the circumference scale 46. The present embodiment can greatly facilitate the adjustment and resetting of the angle of the planar grinding wheel 57.

The fixed base 11 and the turntable base 12 in the present embodiment form a circumferential adjustment mechanism, that is, the position of the planar grinding wheel 57 in the circumferential direction can be adjusted arbitrarily, so that the range of the worm workpiece that can be ground by the four-axis adjustment type toroidal worm grinding device is greatly increased and the range has continuity. Further, since the speed reduction transmission is provided between the adjustment worm 14 and the adjustment worm wheel 122, fine adjustment of the position of the planar grinding wheel 57 in the circumferential direction can be achieved. In addition, the cutter can be used as a cutter feeding mechanism for feeding cutters in the circumferential direction, thereby greatly facilitating grinding processing. The circumferential scale 15 and the circumferential vernier 16 facilitate accurate alignment and adjustment of the position of the planar grinding wheel 57 in the circumferential direction, so that the grinding accuracy is higher.

The first adjusting gear 25 and the second adjusting gear 33 in this embodiment are respectively disposed on the longitudinal slide 22 and the transverse slide 32, and the space occupied by the guide rail slide mechanism in length is smaller, so that the structure of the grinding attachment is more compact, the rotation adjustment of the hollow output shaft 42 is not easy to be hindered, and the angle at which the hollow output shaft 42 can be rotated and adjusted is larger. When the wrench is longitudinally or transversely adjusted, the wrench sleeve is screwed at the wrench position of the first adjusting gear 25 or the second adjusting gear 33, so that convenience and labor are saved, the wrench can be taken down to be placed on one side when the adjustment is not needed, and the space of a grinding accessory is not occupied. The longitudinal scale 27, the longitudinal vernier 28, the transverse scale 34 and the transverse vernier 35 make the reading more visual and facilitate the accurate adjustment of the distance.

Another key point in the planar envelope toroidal worm grinding process is that the working plane of the planar grinding wheel 57 is tangential to the main base circle of the worm workpiece. As described above, the axial height of the hollow output shaft 42 and the axial height of the worm work in the present embodiment are equal, that is, the axial center of the hollow output shaft 42, the center point of the working plane of the plane grinding wheel 57, and the main base circle of the worm work on the horizontal plane are located on the same horizontal plane. The sliding directions of the longitudinal slide 22 and the transverse slide 32 in the present embodiment are horizontal, so that the sliding direction of the transverse slide 32 is parallel to the radial direction of the main base circle of the worm workpiece, and the sliding direction of the longitudinal slide 22 is parallel to the tangential direction of the main base circle of the worm workpiece. Thus, the adjustment operation of the tangent and feed of the working plane of the plane grinding wheel 57 and the main base circle of the worm workpiece can be greatly simplified, which is very beneficial to the accurate adjustment and feed of the grinding process.

In this embodiment, the axial center of the fixed base 11 is used as a reference line of the grinding attachment of this embodiment. In grinding, the center of rotation of the rotary table 81 is positioned at a center distance from the center of the worm workpiece, that is, coaxially with the center of the aforementioned main base circle of the worm workpiece, and the fixed base 11 and the rotary table 81 are coaxial, that is, the reference line passes through the center of the aforementioned main base circle of the worm workpiece. The embodiment is provided with the longitudinal scale 27 and the longitudinal cursor 28, and the transverse scale 34 and the transverse cursor 35, so that the axis of the hollow output shaft 42 and the intermediate surface of the box 41 in the axial direction of the hollow output shaft 42 can be easily aligned on the reference line, and the plane grinding wheel 57 is kept towards the worm workpiece, so that the sliding direction of the transverse slide 32 is the radial direction of the main base circle of the worm workpiece, and the sliding direction of the longitudinal slide 22 is the tangential direction of the main base circle of the worm workpiece. How long the main base circle radius of the worm work piece is, how long the transverse slide 32 slides, the working plane of the plane grinding wheel 57 and the main base circle of the worm work piece meet the tangential requirement after the transverse slide 32 slides in place, and the vertical distance between the grinding head body 53 and the middle surface of the box body 41 in the axial direction of the hollow output shaft 42 plus the sliding distance of the longitudinal slide 22 is the tangential feed distance of the plane grinding wheel 57 along the main base circle of the worm work piece.

In addition, the hollow output shaft 42 in this embodiment can rotate by 220 degrees with the three-phase asynchronous motor 55, the grinding head body 53 and the like connected with the hollow output shaft, and the angle is enough to meet the requirement of grinding the tooth surfaces on two sides of most worm workpieces, that is, after one side tooth surface of the worm workpiece is ground, the other side tooth surface of the worm workpiece can be ground by adopting one set of grinding attachment in this embodiment, only the hollow output shaft 42 is rotated by a corresponding angle according to the design parameters of the worm workpiece, and the transverse slide block 32 is slid by a corresponding distance. The two sets of grinding accessories are not required to be installed, the grinding accessories are not required to be disassembled and assembled again to be matched with the tooth surface on the other side, the number of mechanisms can be greatly reduced, the working strength is reduced, and the operation is simple and quick.

The foregoing is only one embodiment of the present utility model, but the design concept of the present utility model is not limited thereto, and any insubstantial modifications made by using the design concept of the present utility model fall within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. The four-axis adjustable type toroidal worm grinding device is characterized by comprising a fixed base, wherein the bottom of the fixed base is provided with a connecting datum plane, a turntable seat is rotationally connected to the fixed base, the rotation axis of the turntable seat is vertical to the connecting datum plane of the fixed base, a longitudinal sliding block is slidingly connected to the turntable seat, a transverse sliding block is slidingly connected to the longitudinal sliding block, and the sliding direction of the longitudinal sliding block and the sliding direction of the transverse sliding block are mutually vertical and are parallel to the connecting datum plane of the fixed base; the horizontal sliding block is connected with a fixed body, the fixed body is rotationally connected with a rotating body, the axis of the rotating body is parallel to a connecting datum plane of the fixed base and is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the horizontal sliding block or the longitudinal sliding block, the rotating body is connected with a grinding head body and a motor, the axis of the grinding head body is perpendicularly intersected with the axis of the rotating body, the input end of the grinding head body is in transmission connection with the output shaft of the motor, the output end of the grinding head body is used for coaxially installing a plane grinding wheel, a plane which passes through the axis of the rotating body and is perpendicular to the axis of the grinding head body is a grinding base plane, the working plane of the plane grinding wheel is positioned on the grinding base plane, and the locking can be realized between the fixed base and the rotating disc seat, between the rotating disc seat and the longitudinal sliding block, between the longitudinal sliding block and the horizontal sliding block, and between the fixed body and the rotating body.

2. The four-axis adjustable toroidal worm grinding device according to claim 1, wherein the fixed base is rotatably connected with an adjusting worm, the rotation axis of the adjusting worm is parallel to the connection reference plane of the fixed base, and the turntable base is provided with an adjusting worm wheel part coaxial with the rotation axis of the turntable base, and the adjusting worm is in transmission fit with the adjusting worm wheel part.

3. The four-axis adjustable toroidal worm grinding device according to claim 1, wherein the turntable seat is symmetrically provided with two longitudinal batten guide rails, the longitudinal sliding block is positioned between the two longitudinal batten guide rails and is in sliding fit with the two longitudinal batten guide rails, a rack part is arranged on the side surface of one longitudinal batten guide rail along the length direction of the longitudinal sliding block, a first adjusting gear is rotationally connected to the longitudinal sliding block, the first adjusting gear is meshed with the rack part of the longitudinal batten guide rail, and an exposed wrench position is arranged on the first adjusting gear shaft.

4. The four-axis adjustable toroidal worm grinding device according to claim 1, wherein the two transverse press bar guide rails are symmetrically arranged on the longitudinal slide block, the transverse slide block is positioned between the two transverse press bar guide rails and is in sliding fit with the two transverse press bar guide rails, a rack part is arranged on the side surface of one transverse press bar guide rail along the length direction of the transverse slide block, a second adjusting gear is rotationally connected to the transverse slide block, the second adjusting gear is meshed with the rack part of the transverse press bar guide rail, and an exposed wrench position is arranged on the second adjusting gear shaft.

5. The four-axis adjustable toroidal worm grinding device according to claim 1, wherein the fixed body is a box body, the rotating body is an output shaft, a large gear is fixed on the output shaft, an input shaft is rotatably connected to the box body, a small gear is fixed on the input shaft, the small gear and the large gear form a reduction transmission fit, one end of the input shaft is exposed out of the box body, and a wrench position is arranged at the end part of the input shaft exposed out of the box body.

6. The four-axis adjustable toroidal worm grinding device according to claim 1, wherein one axial side of the rotating body is connected with a motor base, the motor is connected to the motor base, the other axial side of the rotating body is connected with a grinding head guide rail, the trend of the grinding head guide rail is parallel to the axis of the grinding head body, the grinding head guide rail is connected with a grinding head support in a sliding manner, the grinding head body is connected to the grinding head support, the grinding head support and the grinding head guide rail can be locked, and the input end of the grinding head body is connected with the output shaft of the motor through a belt transmission.

7. The four-axis adjustable toroidal worm grinding device according to claim 1, wherein the fixed base is provided with a circumferential T-shaped groove opening towards the turntable base, an axis around which the circumferential T-shaped groove surrounds is coaxial with a rotation axis of the turntable base, a T-shaped bolt is assembled in the circumferential T-shaped groove, and a nut is screwed in the T-shaped bolt in the circumferential T-shaped groove after penetrating through the turntable base and can lock the turntable base and the fixed base.

8. The four-axis adjustable toroidal worm grinding device according to claim 1, wherein the turntable seat is provided with a longitudinal T-shaped groove opening towards the longitudinal sliding block, the trend of the longitudinal T-shaped groove is parallel to the sliding direction of the longitudinal sliding block, a T-shaped bolt is assembled in the longitudinal T-shaped groove, and the T-shaped bolt in the longitudinal T-shaped groove is threaded through the longitudinal sliding block and then is matched with a nut, so that the longitudinal sliding block and the turntable seat can be locked.

9. The four-axis adjustable toroidal worm grinding device according to claim 1, wherein the longitudinal slide block is provided with a transverse T-shaped groove which is opened towards the transverse slide block, the trend of the transverse T-shaped groove is parallel to the sliding direction of the transverse slide block, a T-shaped bolt is assembled in the transverse T-shaped groove, and a nut is screwed in the T-shaped bolt in the transverse T-shaped groove after passing through the transverse slide block and can lock the transverse slide block and the longitudinal slide block.

10. The grinding device for the four-axis adjustable toroidal worm according to claim 1, wherein a coaxial flange is arranged on one axial side of the rotating body, a circumferential T-shaped groove which is open towards the flange is arranged on the fixed body, the axis surrounded by the circumferential T-shaped groove is coaxial with the axis of the rotating body, a T-shaped bolt is assembled in the circumferential T-shaped groove, a nut is screwed in the T-shaped bolt in the circumferential T-shaped groove after penetrating through the flange, and the rotating body and the fixed body can be locked.