CN220311060U - PCB board intelligent detection device - Google Patents
PCB board intelligent detection device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an intelligent detection device for a PCB (printed circuit board), which comprises a feeding mechanism, a mechanical executing mechanism, a vision acquisition module, an electrical function detection system and a vision test module, wherein the feeding mechanism is used for feeding a printed circuit board; the feeding mechanism is used for conveying the PCB, and the qualified PCB on the feeding mechanism is input onto a finished product conveyor belt through the screening conveyor belt, or the unqualified PCB on the feeding conveyor belt is input onto the rejecting conveyor belt; the interface of the mechanical actuating mechanism and the PCB is in butt joint, the current and the voltage of the PCB are detected through the electric functional module, and the working condition of the PCB is judged through the visual acquisition module. According to the utility model, the automatic feeding of PCB products and the automatic detection and screening of PCB circuits thereof are realized by combining machine vision and a numerical control technology, so that the working efficiency and the stability of the product quality are greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of PCB detection equipment, in particular to an intelligent PCB detection device.
Background
The quality of a PCB (printed circuit board) as an important control component of a small home appliance directly affects the function of the product. At present, in enterprises such as small household appliances, only through simple manual testing, after electrical detection is carried out on PCB products, unqualified products are required to be sorted by manpower according to detection results, so that the production efficiency is low, the production cost is high, the reliability and quality of the products are not guaranteed, the export of the products are hindered, and the influence of human factors is easy to cause missing detection and false detection.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the embodiment of the utility model is to provide the intelligent detection device for the PCB, and the automatic feeding of the PCB product and the automatic detection and screening of the PCB circuit are realized by combining the machine vision and the digital control technology, so that the working efficiency and the stability of the product quality are greatly improved.
In order to achieve the aim, the utility model discloses an intelligent detection device for a PCB, which comprises a feeding mechanism, a mechanical executing mechanism, a vision acquisition module, an electrical function detection system and a vision test module;
the tail ends of the feeding mechanism are symmetrically provided with a finished product conveying belt and a rejecting conveying belt respectively, a screening conveying belt is slidably arranged between the finished product conveying belt, the rejecting conveying belt and the feeding mechanism, and qualified PCB boards on the feeding mechanism are input onto the finished product conveying belt or unqualified PCB boards on the feeding mechanism are input onto the rejecting conveying belt through the screening conveying belt;
the mechanical executing mechanism comprises a plurality of test probes and a triaxial servo mechanical arm, the triaxial servo mechanical arm is arranged above the feeding mechanism, the visual acquisition module is electrically connected with the triaxial servo mechanical arm, the interface position of the PCB on the feeding mechanism is obtained through the visual acquisition module, and the position information of the interface is fed back to the triaxial servo mechanical arm, so that the triaxial servo mechanical arm drives the test probes to be in butt joint with the interface of the PCB;
the electrical function detection system comprises a current test module, a high-voltage test module and a current and voltage display module, wherein the current test module and the high-voltage test module are respectively and electrically connected with the test probe, the current and voltage display module is respectively and electrically connected with the current test module and the high-voltage test module, the test probe is used for carrying out current detection on a 220V alternating current circuit input into a PCB under the action of the current test module, and the test probe is used for carrying out detection on a 330V direct current high voltage input into the PCB under the action of the current test module so as to enable the current and voltage display module to display a detection result;
the visual test module is electrically connected with the visual acquisition module, acquires the surface image of the PCB through the visual acquisition module, feeds back the surface image to the visual test module, and extracts the shape characteristics of the indicator lamp on the PCB through the visual test module to perform target identification so as to judge the working condition of the PCB.
Preferably, the output test module comprises a noninductive precise sampling resistor, the noninductive precise sampling resistor is electrically connected with the test probe, the noninductive precise sampling resistor and the PCB are respectively connected in series with a 220V alternating current circuit, the current of the 220V alternating current circuit is connected onto the PCB through the test probe, and the current is sampled through the noninductive precise sampling resistor and a voltage signal is obtained, so that the current of the PCB is detected and judged.
Preferably, the high voltage testing module comprises an oscillating circuit, a voltage doubling rectifying circuit and a testing circuit, wherein the oscillating circuit is electrically connected with the voltage doubling rectifying circuit, the voltage doubling rectifying circuit and the testing circuit are respectively electrically connected with the testing probe, the alternating voltage generated by the oscillating circuit is converted into direct voltage through the voltage doubling rectifying circuit, so that the testing probe is connected with the direct voltage of the voltage doubling rectifying circuit into the PCB, and the testing circuit is used for detecting and judging the high voltage module of the PCB.
Preferably, the feeding mechanism comprises a fixed conveying belt and a movable conveying belt, a carrier is placed between the fixed conveying belt and the movable conveying belt, width adjusting guide rails are fixedly arranged at the head end and the tail end of the frame respectively, the bottoms of the movable conveying belt are in sliding fit with the width adjusting guide rails respectively, and the movable conveying belt is driven to be at a distance from the fixed conveying belt through a width adjusting linear module.
Preferably, the front end of carrier is provided with a pair of first fixed stopper respectively symmetry, the rear end middle part of carrier is provided with first movable stopper elastically, through first fixed stopper with the front and back end of first movable stopper cooperation restriction PCB board.
Preferably, a second fixed limiting block is fixedly arranged on one side of the carrier, a pair of second movable limiting blocks can be elastically arranged on the other side of the carrier, and two sides of the PCB are limited by the cooperation of the second fixed limiting blocks and the second movable limiting blocks.
Preferably, the side edges of the fixed conveyor belt and the movable conveyor belt are respectively provided with a positioning mechanism, and the positioning mechanism applies pressure to the carrier on the feeding mechanism so as to enable the carrier to stay at the current position.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The utility model adopts the special fixture to clamp the PCB, and the upper layer conveyor belt realizes the automatic feeding of the PCB, so that the manual operation is avoided, and the automatic board feeding is realized. (2) The method comprises the steps of (1) carrying out image acquisition on a PCB by using a vision acquisition module, analyzing the coordinate system positioning of the PCB and feeding back a position signal to a mechanical execution mechanism so that a triaxial servo mechanical arm drives a test probe to be accurately abutted with a reference of the PCB, (4) detecting and identifying a functional module of a PCB product by using machine vision and a circuit test technology. (5) And the unqualified PCB products are automatically removed, so that the quality control is effectively controlled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the overall structure of the feed mechanism;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the overall structure of the carrier;
FIG. 4 is a frame diagram of an electrical function detection system;
fig. 5 is a frame diagram of a visual testing module.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent, the present utility model will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings of fig. 1 to 3.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 4, and fig. 5, an intelligent detection device for a PCB board comprises a feeding mechanism 1, a mechanical executing mechanism 2, a vision acquisition module 3, an electrical function detection system 4, a vision test module 5, and a frame, wherein the feeding mechanism 1 is arranged on the frame, the mechanical executing mechanism 2 and the vision acquisition module 3 are respectively arranged above the feeding mechanism, the electrical function detection system 4 is used for detecting a functional module of the PCB board, and the vision test module is used for identifying working conditions of the PCB board.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the feeding mechanism 1 includes a fixed conveyor belt 11 and a movable conveyor belt 12, both of which are composed of side plates and a conveyor belt, the conveyor belt is arranged on the side plates, a carrier 6 is placed between the fixed conveyor belt 11 and the movable conveyor belt 12, the carrier 6 is driven to move horizontally by the fixed conveyor belt 11 and the movable conveyor belt 12, and the side plates of the fixed conveyor belt 11 and the movable conveyor belt 12 are aligned with both sides of the carrier 6 in a matching manner, so that the carrier 6 is ensured to be always kept neat in the conveying process, width adjusting guide rails 13 are respectively and fixedly arranged at the head end and the tail end of the frame, the bottom of the side plates of the movable conveyor belt 211 are respectively and slidably matched with the width adjusting guide rails 13, and a width adjusting linear module is fixedly arranged on the frame, in this embodiment, the width adjusting linear module is driven by a screw and a servo motor, and the distance between the movable conveyor belt 12 and the fixed conveyor belt 11 is driven by the width adjusting linear module, so that the upper conveyor belt 21 can adjust the distance between the movable conveyor belt 12 and the fixed conveyor belt 11 according to the carrier 6 with different widths, thereby greatly improving the adaptability of the equipment.
Referring to fig. 3, a pair of first fixed limiting blocks 61 are symmetrically disposed at the front end of the carrier 6, a first movable limiting block 62 is elastically disposed in the middle of the rear end of the carrier 6, a first fixing seat is disposed corresponding to the first movable limiting block 62, a first sliding rod is disposed at the rear end of the first movable limiting block 62, a first insertion hole is disposed on the first fixing seat 65, the first sliding rod of the first movable limiting block 62 is slidably inserted into the first insertion hole, and a first spring 66 is disposed between the first movable limiting block 62 and the first fixing seat 65, so that the first movable limiting block 62 abuts against the rear end of the PCB under the elastic action of the first spring 66, and the first fixed limiting block 61 and the first movable limiting block 62 are matched to limit the front end and the rear end of the PCB.
The fixed stopper 63 of second is fixed to one side of carrier 6, the opposite side of carrier 6 can be provided with a pair of fixed stopper 64 of second elasticity, carrier 6 corresponds fixed stopper 64 of second and is provided with second fixing base 67, the rear end of fixed stopper 64 of second has the second slide bar, have the second jack on the fixed fixing base 67 of second, the second slide bar slip cartridge of fixed stopper 64 of second is in the second jack, and be provided with second spring 68 between fixed stopper 64 of second and the fixed fixing base 67 of second, so that the fixed stopper 64 of second pushes up the rear end of PCB under the elasticity effect of second spring 68, through the fixed stopper 63 of second and the fixed stopper 64 cooperation both sides of restriction PCB board of second.
Through the arrangement, the arrangement of the PCB is ensured to be neat, the situation that the PCB cannot be accurately detected due to the arrangement inaccuracy is avoided, meanwhile, the PCB with different sizes can be arranged on the carrier 6, and the applicability of the device is greatly improved.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the sides of the fixed conveyor belt 11 and the movable conveyor belt 12 are respectively provided with a positioning mechanism 7, the positioning mechanism 7 comprises a positioning block 71 and a positioning cylinder 72, the positioning block 71 is fixedly connected with the telescopic end of the positioning cylinder 72, a positioning detection module is arranged below the vision acquisition module 3 and is electrically connected with the positioning cylinder 72, the positioning detection module preferably adopts a photoelectric sensor, and after the positioning detection module detects the carrier 6, the positioning block 71 is respectively driven to move close to each other through the positioning cylinder 72, and pressure is applied to the carrier 6 on the upper conveyor belt 21, so that the carrier 6 stays at the current position, and the vision acquisition module is convenient for visual detection.
Referring to fig. 1, the mechanical executing mechanism 2 includes a plurality of test probes 21 and a three-axis servo mechanical arm 22, wherein vertical plates are arranged on two sides of the frame, the three-axis servo mechanical arm 22 is arranged between the tops of the vertical plates, the three-axis servo mechanical arm 22 in this embodiment is of the prior art, repeated description is omitted here, and the three-axis servo mechanical arm is electrically connected with a vision acquisition module, the vision acquisition module in this embodiment preferably adopts an industrial camera, the vision acquisition module 3 acquires the picture information of the PCB on the upper layer conveyor belt, identifies the interface position of the PCB according to the picture information, and feeds back the interface position information to the mechanical executing mechanism 2, and the three-axis servo mechanical arm 22 drives the test probes 21 to move along X, Y, Z three-axis directions according to the interface position information acquired by the vision acquisition module 3, thereby ensuring that the test probes can accurately position the interface position of the PCB on the carrier 6.
Referring to fig. 4, the electrical function detecting system 4 includes a current testing module 41, a high voltage testing module 42, and a current voltage display module 43, where the current testing module 41 and the high voltage testing module 42 are respectively electrically connected with the test probes 21, and the current voltage display module 43 is respectively electrically connected with the current testing module 41 and the high voltage testing module 42, and in this embodiment, the current voltage display module preferably adopts a display screen, so as to display the detection results of the current testing module and the high voltage testing module.
The current testing module comprises a non-inductive precise sampling resistor, the non-inductive precise sampling resistor is electrically connected with the testing probe 21, the non-inductive precise sampling resistor and the PCB are respectively connected in series to a 220V alternating current circuit, when the testing probe 21 is connected with an interface of the PCB in a butt joint mode, the system starts to detect the PCB, the current testing module firstly detects the PCB, after the PCB is connected to the 220V alternating current circuit, the current consumption generates voltage drop on the non-inductive precise sampling resistor, the voltage drop is measured, and accordingly the current is measured through calculation, meanwhile, a low-value resistor is applied, the voltage drop of the non-inductive precise sampling resistor is avoided to reduce the actual power supply voltage of a load, the error of a detection system is reduced, the hardware part of the system in the embodiment is divided into a computer and an ISA bus board, and the ISA board is used as a functional circuit on one hand, and the acquisition, amplification and analog-digital conversion of signals are mainly realized; on the other hand, the I/O interface device of the computer is responsible for communicating with a computer bus and receiving and transmitting data signals and control signals.
The amplifying circuit is positioned at the forefront end of the system, and the voltage drop on the accurate sampling resistor converted into noninductive is very weak because the current consumption to be measured is smaller, so that the amplifying circuit amplifies the voltage signal and inputs the voltage signal into the A/D conversion circuit. Because the serial mode power frequency interference is a main interference source of the AD conversion circuit and easily causes measurement errors, the measuring system adopts a phase-locking frequency doubling tracking technology, an N frequency dividing circuit is inserted into a feedback loop of the phase-locking loop to form a closed loop, a power frequency square wave is obtained after a power frequency signal is shaped, and the square wave signal is doubled by N times by the phase-locking frequency doubling circuit and is used as a clock signal of AD conversion, so that the influence of fluctuation of the power frequency signal can be restrained. The clock frequency and the power grid frequency are strictly kept synchronous, and the capability of the system for resisting the crosstalk interference is obviously improved. And finally, the A/D conversion circuit adopts a parallel mode to analyze and process the processed signals through a microprocessor bus by a computer, judges the detection result and displays the detection result through a current and voltage display module.
The high-voltage testing module comprises an oscillating circuit, a voltage doubling rectifying circuit and a testing circuit, wherein the oscillating circuit is electrically connected with the voltage doubling rectifying circuit, the voltage doubling rectifying circuit and the testing circuit are respectively electrically connected with the testing probe, after the current testing module finishes detecting, the PCB is then detected through the high-voltage testing module, when the testing probe inputs 3.3V stable voltage to the PCB, the oscillating circuit generates alternating voltage, 3200V direct current high voltage is generated through the voltage doubling rectifying circuit, and the output voltage of the high-voltage testing module cannot be directly measured by the common voltage testing technology. Therefore, the test circuit of the high-voltage test module of the embodiment is composed of a sensor output resistor, a conveying line resistor, an instrument resistor and a power supply, the module is connected into the test circuit by the principle that the average value of direct current voltage is measured by a high-ohm resistor series flow direct current milliammeter, loop voltage drop caused by the instrument resistor is recorded, signals are output to a control computer, the system calculates the output voltage of the high-voltage test module, the detection result is judged, and the detection result is displayed by a current voltage display module.
Referring to fig. 1 and 5, the visual test module 5 is electrically connected with the visual acquisition module 3, firstly, the visual acquisition module acquires the surface image of the PCB workpiece and feeds back the surface image to the visual test module 5, so that the visual test module 5 performs target recognition on the shape characteristics of the extracted indicator lamps on the PCB, firstly, performs local gray level linear transformation to improve the dynamic range of gray levels, then performs spatial domain filtering to denoise the image, finally, divides the area with the indicator lamps from the image, distinguishes the foreground and background of the target, performs shape judgment according to the cylindrical characteristics of the indicator lamps, extracts the indicator lamp body through Hough transformation characteristics to achieve the recognition purpose, finally, performs light and shade analysis on the indicator lamps by using the method of image binarization by utilizing the irregular annular distribution of target gray levels caused by the brightness transformation of the images of the indicator lamps under different working conditions, and finally completes the recognition of the working conditions of the indicator lamps.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the end of the feeding mechanism 1 is symmetrically provided with a finished product conveyor belt 8 and a reject conveyor belt 9, a screening conveyor belt 10 is slidably provided between the finished product conveyor belt 8, the reject conveyor belt 9 and the feeding mechanism 1, a pair of guide rails are provided on a frame, a moving platform is slidably provided on the guide rails, the screening conveyor belt 10 is provided on the moving platform, and a screening driving device is fixedly installed on the frame.
When the PCB board detects qualified, the feeding mechanism 1 inputs the qualified PCB board onto the screening conveyor belt 10, then the screening driving device drives the screening conveyor belt 10 to be in butt joint with the finished product conveyor belt 8, so that the screening conveyor belt 10 inputs the qualified PCB board onto the finished product conveyor belt 8, the qualified PCB board is conveyed to a designated position through the finished product conveyor belt 8 for further processing, and then the screening conveyor belt 10 is driven by the screening driving device to reset.
When the PCB board detects unqualified, the feeding mechanism 1 inputs the unqualified PCB board on the screening conveyor belt 10, then the screening driving device drives the screening conveyor belt 10 to be in butt joint with the removing conveyor belt 9, so that the screening conveyor belt 10 inputs the unqualified PCB board on the removing conveyor belt 9, the unqualified PCB board is conveyed to a designated position to be recovered through the removing conveyor belt 9, and then the screening conveyor belt 10 resets under the driving of the screening driving device to screen the next PCB board, thereby realizing the automatic removal of unqualified PCB products and the effective control of quality control.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present utility model, and therefore, it is intended that the present utility model can be understood by those skilled in the art and implemented according to the technical concept, and the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, but modifications made according to the spirit and scope of the main technical solution of the present utility model should be included in the scope of the present utility model.
Claims (7)
1. The intelligent PCB detection device is characterized by comprising a feeding mechanism (1), a mechanical executing mechanism (2), a visual acquisition module (3), an electrical function detection system (4) and a visual test module (5);
the tail ends of the feeding mechanism (1) are symmetrically provided with a finished product conveying belt (8) and a rejecting conveying belt (9), a screening conveying belt (10) is slidably arranged between the finished product conveying belt (8), the rejecting conveying belt (9) and the feeding mechanism (1), and a qualified PCB on the feeding mechanism (1) is input onto the finished product conveying belt (8) or a unqualified PCB on the feeding mechanism (1) is input onto the rejecting conveying belt (9) through the screening conveying belt (10);
the mechanical actuating mechanism (2) comprises a plurality of test probes (21) and a triaxial servo mechanical arm (22), the triaxial servo mechanical arm (22) is arranged above the feeding mechanism (1), the vision acquisition module (3) is electrically connected with the triaxial servo mechanical arm (22), the interface position of the PCB on the feeding mechanism (1) is acquired through the vision acquisition module (3), and the position information of the interface is fed back to the triaxial servo mechanical arm (22), so that the triaxial servo mechanical arm (22) drives the test probes (21) to be in butt joint with the interface of the PCB;
the electrical function detection system (4) comprises a current test module (41), a high-voltage test module (42) and a current voltage display module (43), wherein the current test module (41) and the high-voltage test module (42) are respectively and electrically connected with the test probe (21), the current voltage display module (43) is respectively and electrically connected with the current test module (41) and the high-voltage test module (42), the test probe (21) is used for carrying out current test on a 220V alternating current circuit input into a PCB under the action of the current test module (41), and the test probe (21) is used for carrying out high-voltage detection on a 330V direct current high voltage input into the PCB under the action of the current test module (41) so that the current voltage display module (43) can display a detection result;
the visual test module (5) is electrically connected with the visual acquisition module (3), the visual acquisition module (3) is used for acquiring the surface image of the PCB, the surface image is fed back to the visual test module (5), and the visual test module (5) is used for extracting the shape characteristics of the indicator lights on the PCB to perform target identification so as to judge the working condition of the PCB.
2. The intelligent detection device for the PCB according to claim 1, wherein the current test module comprises a noninductive precise sampling resistor, the noninductive precise sampling resistor is electrically connected with the test probe, the noninductive precise sampling resistor and the PCB are respectively connected in series with a 220V alternating current circuit, the current of the 220V alternating current circuit is connected onto the PCB through the test probe, and the current is sampled through the noninductive precise sampling resistor and a voltage signal is obtained, so that the current of the PCB is detected and judged.
3. The intelligent PCB detection device according to claim 1, wherein the high-voltage test module comprises an oscillating circuit, a voltage doubling rectifying circuit and a test circuit, the oscillating circuit is electrically connected with the voltage doubling rectifying circuit, the voltage doubling rectifying circuit and the test circuit are respectively electrically connected with the test probes, alternating voltage generated by the oscillating circuit is converted into direct voltage through the voltage doubling rectifying circuit, so that the test probes can connect the direct voltage of the voltage doubling rectifying circuit into the PCB, and the test circuit can detect and judge the high-voltage module of the PCB.
4. The intelligent detection device for the PCB according to claim 1, wherein the feeding mechanism (1) comprises a fixed conveying belt (11) and a movable conveying belt (12), a carrier (6) is placed between the fixed conveying belt and the movable conveying belt, width adjusting guide rails (13) are respectively and fixedly arranged at the head end and the tail end of the frame, the bottoms of the movable conveying belt (12) are respectively and slidably matched with the width adjusting guide rails (13), and the distance between the movable conveying belt (12) and the fixed conveying belt (11) is driven by a width adjusting linear module.
5. The intelligent detection device for the PCB according to claim 4, wherein a pair of first fixed limiting blocks (61) are symmetrically arranged at the front end of the carrier (6), a first movable limiting block (62) is elastically arranged in the middle of the rear end of the carrier (6), and the front end and the rear end of the PCB are limited by the cooperation of the first fixed limiting block (61) and the first movable limiting block (62).
6. The intelligent detection device for the PCB according to claim 4, wherein a second fixed limiting block (63) is fixedly arranged on one side of the carrier (6), a pair of second movable limiting blocks (64) can be elastically arranged on the other side of the carrier (6), and two sides of the PCB are limited by the cooperation of the second fixed limiting blocks (63) and the second movable limiting blocks (64).
7. The intelligent detection device for the PCB according to claim 4, wherein the side edges of the fixed conveyor belt (11) and the movable conveyor belt (12) are respectively provided with a positioning mechanism (7), and the positioning mechanism (7) applies pressure to the carrier (6) on the feeding mechanism (1) so that the carrier (6) stays at the current position.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321570466.6U CN220311060U (en) | 2023-06-19 | 2023-06-19 | PCB board intelligent detection device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321570466.6U CN220311060U (en) | 2023-06-19 | 2023-06-19 | PCB board intelligent detection device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN220311060U true CN220311060U (en) | 2024-01-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202321570466.6U Active CN220311060U (en) | 2023-06-19 | 2023-06-19 | PCB board intelligent detection device |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN220311060U (en) |
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- 2023-06-19 CN CN202321570466.6U patent/CN220311060U/en active Active
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