CN220306060U - Nitrogen fixation cooling type high temperature superconducting magnet - Google Patents
Nitrogen fixation cooling type high temperature superconducting magnet Download PDFInfo
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- CN220306060U CN220306060U CN202321638224.6U CN202321638224U CN220306060U CN 220306060 U CN220306060 U CN 220306060U CN 202321638224 U CN202321638224 U CN 202321638224U CN 220306060 U CN220306060 U CN 220306060U
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- superconducting
- switch
- nitrogen fixation
- mgb
- cold
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009954 braiding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910020073 MgB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013421 nuclear magnetic resonance imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021521 yttrium barium copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
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- Containers, Films, And Cooling For Superconductive Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to the technical field of high-temperature superconducting magnets, and discloses a nitrogen fixation cooling type high-temperature superconducting magnet, wherein the superconducting magnet comprises an outer Dewar, a nitrogen fixation cavity, a superconducting coil and MgB 2 The superconducting switch and the excitation power supply, the nitrogen fixation cavity, the superconducting coil and the MgB 2 The superconducting switch and the excitation power supply are arranged in the outer dewar, the vacuum environment is arranged in the outer dewar, and the nitrogen fixation cavity, the superconducting coil and the MgB are arranged in the outer dewar 2 The superconducting switch is connected, and the nitrogen fixation cavity is cooled by the refrigerator so as to realize the superconducting coil and the MgB 2 The superconducting switch is used for refrigerating, and the superconducting coil and the MgB are used for refrigerating 2 Superconducting deviceThe switch is connected in parallel with the excitation power supply. Therefore, the winding difficulty of the superconducting constant current switch can be reduced without adding other components, and MgB can be utilized 2 The superconducting material realizes the transition of superconducting state and natural state by the self characteristic in the cooling process, thereby increasing the control reliability of the superconducting constant current switch.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of high-temperature superconducting magnets, in particular to a nitrogen fixation cooling type high-temperature superconducting magnet.
Background
The superconducting magnet has the advantages of zero resistance and large current, forms a closed loop with approximately zero loss with the constant current switch after excitation is completed, and can maintain a high stable strong magnetic field for a long time. The fields which have been widely used at present include the fields of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging and the like, but the fields which have been mature and applied are basically in the field of low-temperature superconducting magnets.
Three critical indexes, namely critical current, critical temperature and critical magnetic field, exist in the high-temperature superconducting tape, and when any one of the three indexes does not meet the requirements of a superconducting state, the high-temperature superconducting tape can be restored to a resistive state from the superconducting state. The high-temperature superconducting switch is wound into a non-inductive coil by using a superconducting tape with a certain length by utilizing the zero resistance characteristic of the superconducting wire, and the switch in a closed loop formed by the superconducting tape and the superconducting magnet is closed and opened by utilizing the mutual conversion between the superconducting state and the normal state of the superconducting tape. The superconducting switch in the current high-temperature superconducting magnet field can be divided into a thermal control superconducting switch, a flow control superconducting switch and a magnetic control superconducting switch according to the mode of converting the superconducting switch into a recovery resistance value. The key point is that all the current high-temperature superconducting switches are YBCO high-temperature superconducting tapes and Bi high-temperature superconducting tapes, the superconducting state can be achieved at the liquid nitrogen temperature of 77K, and the normal state and the superconducting state can be changed by using other methods such as thermal control and magnetic control.
The magnetic control type superconducting switch needs to use a magnetic control type coil, firstly, a power supply is used for supplying current to the magnetic control type coil, and the magnetic field generated by the magnetic control type coil is used for enabling the space magnetic field to exceed the critical magnetic field of the superconducting tape, so that the superconducting switch is switched between a superconducting state and a normal resistance state.
The heat control type superconducting switch needs to be added with a heating wire, the heating wire is powered by an external small constant current source, and when the temperature of the superconducting tape is higher than the critical temperature for maintaining the superconducting state by the heat generated by the heating wire, the superconducting switch realizes the conversion between the superconducting state and the normal resistance state.
The current control type superconducting switch needs to be added with a trigger switch, and meanwhile, discharge is conducted to the superconducting switch through an external trigger source, and when the current passing through the superconducting switch is larger than the critical current of the superconducting switch, the superconducting switch achieves conversion between a superconducting state and a normal resistance state.
Therefore, the current main current superconducting switch adopts an external device to enable the superconducting switch to realize the conversion between a superconducting state and a normal resistance state, three critical indexes (critical magnetic field, critical temperature and critical current) of the superconducting tape are respectively utilized by the three superconducting switches, wherein the magnetic field of the magnetic control switch exceeds the critical magnetic field of the superconducting switch through the magnetic control coil, the magnetic field of the thermal control switch exceeds the critical temperature of the superconducting switch through the heating wire, and the current of the thermal control switch exceeds the critical current of the superconducting switch through the triggering power supply.
However, the three switches all adopt external equipment to change the surrounding physical environment to realize the conversion of superconducting states, the way increases the manufacturing complexity of the superconducting switch, and meanwhile, the control of changing physical quantity is difficult, and the precision and the accuracy are more difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a nitrogen fixation cooling type high-temperature superconducting magnet, which can solve the technical problems in the prior art.
The utility model provides a nitrogen fixation cooling type high-temperature superconducting magnet, which comprises an outer Dewar, a nitrogen fixation cavity, a superconducting coil and MgB 2 The superconducting switch and the excitation power supply, the nitrogen fixation cavity, the superconducting coil and the MgB 2 The superconducting switch and the excitation power supply are arranged in the outer dewar, the vacuum environment is arranged in the outer dewar, and the nitrogen fixation cavity, the superconducting coil and the MgB are arranged in the outer dewar 2 The superconducting switch is connected, and the nitrogen fixation cavity is cooled by the refrigerator so as to realize the superconducting coil and the MgB 2 The superconducting switch is used for refrigerating, and the superconducting coil and the MgB are used for refrigerating 2 The superconducting switch is connected with the excitation power supply in parallel.
Preferably, the superconducting magnet further comprises a first cold guide belt and a second cold guide belt, the nitrogen fixation cavity is connected with the refrigerator through the first cold guide belt, and the superconducting coil is connected with the nitrogen fixation cavity through the second cold guide belt.
Preferably, the first cold guide belt is made of metal braiding belt.
Preferably, the second cold guide belt is made of metal braid.
Preferably, the metal is copper.
Preferably, the superconducting coil is wound by a high-temperature superconducting tape.
Preferably, the superconducting magnet further comprises a cold conducting layer, and the cold conducting layer is arranged outside the superconducting coil.
Preferably, the cold conducting layer is made of copper wires.
Through the technical scheme, mgB is adopted 2 The superconducting constant current switch for winding the high-temperature superconducting coil does not need to increase other parts, can reduce the winding difficulty of the superconducting constant current switch, and can utilize MgB 2 The superconducting material realizes the transition of superconducting state and natural state by the self characteristic in the cooling process, thereby increasing the superconductingReliability of constant current switch control.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the utility model. It is evident that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a nitrogen-fixing cooled high temperature superconducting magnet.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the utility model, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present utility model unless it is specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but should be considered part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a nitrogen-fixing cooled high temperature superconducting magnet.
As shown in FIG. 1, the embodiment of the utility model provides a nitrogen-fixing cooling type high-temperature superconducting magnet, wherein the superconducting magnet comprises an outer Dewar, a nitrogen-fixing cavity, a superconducting coil (high-temperature superconducting coil) 1 and MgB 2 A superconducting switch (high-temperature superconducting constant current switch PCS) 2 and an excitation power supply 3, wherein the nitrogen fixation cavity, the superconducting coil 1 and the MgB 2 The superconducting switch 2 and the excitation power supply 3 are arranged in the outer dewar, the vacuum environment is arranged in the outer dewar, and the nitrogen fixation cavity, the superconducting coil 1 and the MgB are arranged in the outer dewar 2 The superconducting switch 2 is connected, and the nitrogen fixation cavity is cooled by a refrigerator so as to realize the superconducting coil 1 and MgB 2 The superconducting switch 2 is used for refrigerating, and the superconducting coil 1 and the MgB are used for cooling 2 The superconducting switch 2 is connected in parallel with the excitation power supply 3.
Wherein MgB is used 2 Non-inductive coil wound as MgB 2 The superconducting switch is not added with other components. MgB (MgB) 2 The superconducting switch plays a role of a switch in a closed loop of the high-temperature superconducting magnet, and when the temperature of the superconducting switch is increased, the resistance value of the superconducting switch is increased, and when the temperature of the superconducting switch is reduced, the superconducting switch plays a role of opening the switch.
By the above techniqueAdopts MgB as the technical proposal 2 The superconducting constant current switch for winding the high-temperature superconducting coil does not need to increase other parts, can reduce the winding difficulty of the superconducting constant current switch, and can utilize MgB 2 The superconducting material realizes the transition of superconducting state and natural state by the self characteristic in the cooling process, thereby increasing the control reliability of the superconducting constant current switch.
The refrigerating machine cold head is a part for outputting cold quantity of the refrigerating machine, and the refrigerating machine cold head is connected with the nitrogen fixation cavity to cool the nitrogen fixation cavity during actual refrigeration. A refrigerator is a device that converts electric energy into cold. The nitrogen fixation cavity is used for storing liquid nitrogen, the temperature of the liquid nitrogen is 77K, and when the liquid nitrogen is cooled to be lower than 77K by utilizing a cold head of a refrigerator, the liquid nitrogen can be solidified to form nitrogen fixation. The nitrogen fixation temperature may be continuously reduced, for example to 20K, under refrigerator cooling. After the nitrogen fixation is formed, the cold energy can be stored like ice cubes, and then the cooled nitrogen fixation in the nitrogen fixation cavity can be used as a cold source to continuously output the cold energy to the superconducting coil. The vacuum environment of the outer dewar can reduce the convective heat dissipation of the entire superconducting magnet system to a large extent.
In the present utility model, although the nitrogen fixation chamber is cooled using the refrigerator as described above, the present utility model is not limited thereto, and the nitrogen fixation chamber may be cooled using other refrigeration systems such as a cold helium gas circulation system.
According to one embodiment of the utility model, the superconducting magnet further comprises a first cold conduction band and a second cold conduction band, the nitrogen fixation cavity is connected with the refrigerator through the first cold conduction band, and the superconducting coil 1 is connected with the nitrogen fixation cavity through the second cold conduction band.
That is, cold energy transfer can be performed between the nitrogen fixation cavity and the refrigerator and between the nitrogen fixation cavity and the superconducting coil through the corresponding cold guide belt.
Therefore, the nitrogen fixation cavity is cooled by the refrigerator, the nitrogen fixation temperature can be further reduced, the low-temperature state of the superconducting coil can be maintained for a long time after the refrigerator is separated from the superconducting magnet, the use of the superconducting magnet in a dynamic environment can be better realized, and the problems of weight increase and reliability reduction of the refrigerator in a motion environment are reduced.
According to one embodiment of the utility model, the first cold guide belt is made of metal braiding.
That is, the first cold guide belt is connected with the refrigerator and the nitrogen fixation cavity, so that cold energy transfer between the refrigerator and the nitrogen fixation cavity is realized.
According to one embodiment of the utility model, the second cold guide belt is made of metal braiding.
That is, the nitrogen fixation cavity and the superconducting coil are connected through the second cold conduction band, so that cold energy transfer between the nitrogen fixation cavity and the superconducting coil is realized.
According to one embodiment of the utility model, the metal is copper.
For example, the first cold guide strip and the second cold guide strip may be made of soft copper braid.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above description of the cold band material is exemplary only and is not intended to limit the utility model.
According to one embodiment of the present utility model, the superconducting coil 1 is formed by winding a high-temperature superconducting tape.
The high-temperature superconducting tape can reach a superconducting state at the temperature of liquid nitrogen of 77K, so that a strong magnetic field can be generated through a large current without damage.
According to one embodiment of the utility model, the superconducting magnet further comprises a cold conducting layer arranged outside the superconducting coil 1.
Through setting up the cold layer that leads, can make full use of refrigerator and nitrogen fixation chamber's cold volume, and it is more even to superconducting coil's cooling, can prevent effectively that superconducting coil from leading to superconducting coil to quench because of the rising of local temperature.
According to one embodiment of the utility model, the cold conducting layer is made of copper wires.
For example, flocculent fine copper wires can be used for wrapping the outer side of the superconducting coil to form a cold conducting layer, meanwhile, the fine copper wires are connected with a cold conducting belt connected with the nitrogen fixation cavity, cold energy transfer between the nitrogen fixation cavity and the superconducting coil is achieved, and the superconducting coil is wrapped through the very dense fine copper wires, so that cooling uniformity of the superconducting coil can be achieved.
The nitrogen-fixing cooled high temperature superconducting magnet according to the present utility model will be described below with reference to examples.
Firstly, a refrigerator is adopted to make superconducting coil 1 and MgB 2 The superconducting switch 2 carries out refrigeration, and the selected high-temperature superconducting magnet is in a nitrogen fixation refrigeration mode, so that the superconducting coil 1 and MgB 2 The superconducting switch 2 can reach a temperature below 77K.
It is assumed that the superconducting coil 1 can be excited by the excitation power supply 3 at this time when the temperature reaches 45K. Due to MgB 2 The superconducting switch 2 can reach a superconducting state only when the temperature is lower than 39K, and has a certain resistance value at 45K, and the superconducting coil 1 is in the superconducting state at the moment, so that current cannot pass through MgB at the moment 2 The superconducting switch 2 directly increases the current to the working current I under the condition, the current passing through the superconducting coil 1 is I, and the current passes through MgB 2 The current of the superconducting switch 2 is 0.
When the output current of the exciting power supply 3 reaches the working current I, the refrigerator continues to perform the operation on the superconducting coil 1 and MgB 2 The temperature of the superconducting switch 2 is reduced, when the superconducting coil 1 and MgB are 2 When the temperature of the superconducting switch 2 is reduced to 39K or below, mgB 2 Superconducting switch 2 also reaches the superconducting state, at this time by MgB 2 The current of the superconducting switch 2 is also I.
At this time, the superconducting coil 1 and the MgB2 superconducting switch 2 form a closed loop, and the output current of the excitation power supply 3 can be reduced to 0. So far, the high-temperature superconducting magnet has completed excitation, and can be separated from an excitation power supply to realize closed-loop operation.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the azimuth or positional relationships indicated by the azimuth terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal", and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the azimuth or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present utility model and simplify the description, and these azimuth terms do not indicate and imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth or be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present utility model; the orientation word "inner and outer" refers to inner and outer relative to the contour of the respective component itself.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface at … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define the components, and are only for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present utility model.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims (8)
1. A nitrogen fixation cooling type high temperature superconducting magnet is characterized in that the superconducting magnet comprises an outer Dewar, a nitrogen fixation cavity, a superconducting coil (1) and MgB 2 Superconducting switch (2) and excitationThe power supply (3) is provided with the nitrogen fixation cavity, the superconducting coil (1) and the MgB 2 The superconducting switch (2) and the excitation power supply (3) are arranged in the outer dewar, the vacuum environment is arranged in the outer dewar, and the nitrogen fixation cavity, the superconducting coil (1) and the MgB are arranged in the outer dewar 2 The superconducting switch (2) is connected, and the nitrogen fixation cavity is cooled by a refrigerator so as to realize the superconducting coil (1) and the MgB 2 The superconducting switch (2) is used for refrigerating, and the superconducting coil (1) and the MgB are used for refrigerating 2 The superconducting switch (2) is connected with the exciting power supply (3) in parallel.
2. Superconducting magnet according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a first cold-conducting strip and a second cold-conducting strip, the nitrogen fixation chamber being connected to the refrigerator by means of the first cold-conducting strip, the superconducting coil (1) being connected to the nitrogen fixation chamber by means of the second cold-conducting strip.
3. The superconducting magnet according to claim 2, wherein the first cold-conducting strip is made of a metal braid.
4. A superconducting magnet according to claim 3, wherein the second cold-conducting strip is made of a metal braid.
5. The superconducting magnet of claim 4, wherein the metal is copper.
6. Superconducting magnet according to claim 4, characterized in that the superconducting coil (1) is wound from a high-temperature superconducting tape.
7. Superconducting magnet according to claim 6, characterized in that it further comprises a cold conducting layer, which is arranged outside the superconducting coil (1).
8. The superconducting magnet of claim 7, wherein the cold-conducting layer is made of copper wire.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321638224.6U CN220306060U (en) | 2023-06-26 | 2023-06-26 | Nitrogen fixation cooling type high temperature superconducting magnet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321638224.6U CN220306060U (en) | 2023-06-26 | 2023-06-26 | Nitrogen fixation cooling type high temperature superconducting magnet |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN220306060U true CN220306060U (en) | 2024-01-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321638224.6U Active CN220306060U (en) | 2023-06-26 | 2023-06-26 | Nitrogen fixation cooling type high temperature superconducting magnet |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN220306060U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-06-26 CN CN202321638224.6U patent/CN220306060U/en active Active
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