CN220303933U - Two-stage variable-effect solution series lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit - Google Patents
Two-stage variable-effect solution series lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN220303933U CN220303933U CN202321894780.XU CN202321894780U CN220303933U CN 220303933 U CN220303933 U CN 220303933U CN 202321894780 U CN202321894780 U CN 202321894780U CN 220303933 U CN220303933 U CN 220303933U
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- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The utility model relates to a two-stage variable-efficiency solution series lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit, which comprises a low-pressure generator, a high-pressure generator, a condenser, a high-temperature heat exchanger, a low-temperature heat exchanger, a high-temperature section absorber, a low-temperature section absorber, a high-temperature section evaporator, a low-temperature section evaporator, a solution pump, a refrigerant pump, a solution relay pump, a solution booster pump, a single-effect condenser and a heating medium regulating valve. The heat pump unit is provided with a double-effect structure and a single-effect structure, the temperature of the low-temperature section of the heating medium is increased by the double-effect structure, and the temperature of the high-temperature section is increased by the single-effect structure. And when the working condition of the waste heat source or the heating medium is good, the heating medium heating duty ratio of the heating medium heated by adopting the double-effect structure can be increased, so that the COP of the whole heat pump unit is improved, and the effect is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a two-stage variable-efficiency solution series lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit. Belongs to the technical field of air conditioning equipment.
Background
The existing lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit (hereinafter referred to as unit) with a single driving heat source has two structural types, namely a single-effect type unit and a double-effect type unit.
As shown in fig. 1, the single-effect unit is composed of a low-pressure generator 1, a condenser 3, a low-temperature heat exchanger 5, an absorber 6, an evaporator 7, a solution pump 8, a refrigerant pump 9, a control system (not shown in the figure), and pipelines and valves for connecting the components. The waste heat source flows through the evaporator 7 for cooling; heating medium flows through the absorber 6 and the condenser 3 to raise temperature; the heat source is driven to flow through the low-pressure generator 1, and the heat is released to heat the concentrated lithium bromide solution. When the unit operates, the refrigerant water pumped by the refrigerant pump 9 and sprayed from the top of the evaporator 7 absorbs heat of a waste heat source in a heat transfer pipe of the evaporator 7, the vaporized refrigerant steam enters the absorber 6 and is absorbed by the lithium bromide concentrated solution, the released heat is absorbed by the heat medium in the heat transfer pipe of the absorber 6, the concentration of the lithium bromide concentrated solution becomes thin after absorbing the refrigerant steam, the lithium bromide concentrated solution is pumped by the solution pump 8 and is sent into the low-temperature heat exchanger 5 to be heated and concentrated by the driving heat source in the low-pressure generator 1, the concentrated refrigerant steam enters the condenser 3 and is cooled and condensed by the heat medium and then returns to the evaporator 7, and the concentrated lithium bromide solution returns to the absorber 6 through the low-temperature heat exchanger 5.
The double-effect unit is composed of a low-pressure generator 1, a high-pressure generator 2, a condenser 3, a high-temperature heat exchanger 4, a low-temperature heat exchanger 5, an absorber 6, an evaporator 7, a solution pump 8, a refrigerant pump 9, a control system (not shown in the figure) and pipelines and valves for connecting the components, as shown in the figure. The waste heat source flows through the evaporator 7 for cooling; heating medium flows through the absorber 6 and the condenser 3 to raise temperature; the heat source is driven to flow through the high-pressure generator 2, and the heat is released to heat the concentrated lithium bromide solution. When the unit operates, the refrigerant water pumped by the refrigerant pump 9 and sprayed from the top of the evaporator 7 absorbs heat of a residual heat source in the heat transfer pipe of the evaporator 7, the refrigerant water is vaporized into refrigerant steam and then enters the absorber 6 to be absorbed by the lithium bromide concentrated solution, the released heat is absorbed and taken away by a heating medium in the heat transfer pipe of the absorber 6, the concentration of the lithium bromide concentrated solution becomes thin after absorbing the refrigerant steam, the lithium bromide concentrated solution is pumped by the solution pump 8 and is sent into the high-pressure generator 2 after heat exchange and temperature rise of the low-temperature heat exchanger 5 and the high-temperature heat exchanger 4, the driven heat source is primarily heated and concentrated, the primarily concentrated lithium bromide solution is subjected to heat exchange and temperature reduction by the high-temperature heat exchanger 4 and then enters the low-pressure generator 1, the concentrated high-temperature refrigerant steam generated by concentration of the lithium bromide solution in the high-pressure generator 2 is finally returned to the absorber 6 through the low-temperature heat exchanger 5, the concentrated high-temperature refrigerant steam generated by concentration in the low-pressure generator 1 is used as a heat source to heat the concentrated lithium bromide solution, the lithium bromide solution is self-cooled and then enters the low-pressure generator 3 after heat exchange and is cooled by the low-pressure generator 1, and the concentrated solution enters the evaporator 7, and the refrigerant steam is cooled.
When the grade of the driving heat source is higher or the nominal working condition parameters of the waste heat source and the heat medium are better, the unit can select a double-effect structure, and the energy utilization efficiency (COP) of the driving heat source is high and can reach about 2.4. When the grade of the driving heat source is lower or the nominal working condition parameters of the residual heat source and the heat medium are poorer, the unit can only select a single-effect structure, and the COP is lower and is only about 1.8. After the construction of the assembly has been established and produced, its COP is also substantially fixed throughout its service life.
Under certain conditions, although the unit cannot directly use a double-effect type structure with high COP (the working condition is not allowed or the cost for doing double effects is too high), the heating medium can be divided into two sections for heating, namely, two heat pumps are adopted to heat the heating medium in a gradient manner, the low-temperature section adopts a double-effect type structure, and the high-temperature section still adopts a single-effect type structure, so that the COP of the whole system can be improved under the condition of proper cost of the heat pump unit. However, although the COP of the whole system can be improved by the method, after the whole system is divided into two heat pumps, the total occupied area is increased, so that a certain limit exists in practical application, after the heating proportion of the second section of the heating medium is defined in the design stage, the COP of the whole system is fixed, and the COP can not be basically improved even if the practical working condition is good in practical operation. If the double-effect heating of the low temperature Duan Remei and the single-effect heating of the high temperature section heating medium can be simultaneously realized on one heat pump, and meanwhile, the proportion of the double-effect heating can be increased when the working condition is good, so that the COP of the whole system is timely improved, and the application limitation can be well solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to overcome the defects and provide a two-stage variable solution series lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit, wherein a double-effect structure and a single-effect structure coexist on the heat pump unit, the temperature of a low-temperature section of a heating medium is raised by the double-effect structure, and the temperature of a high-temperature section of the heating medium is raised by the single-effect structure. And when the working condition of the waste heat source or the heating medium is good, the heating medium heating duty ratio of the heating medium heated by adopting the double-effect structure can be increased, so that the COP of the whole heat pump unit is improved, and the effect is realized.
The purpose of the utility model is realized in the following way:
a two-stage variable-efficiency solution series lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit comprises: the low-pressure generator, the high-pressure generator, the condenser, the high-temperature heat exchanger, the low-temperature heat exchanger, the absorber (comprising a high-temperature section absorber and a low-temperature section absorber), the evaporator (comprising a high-temperature section evaporator and a low-temperature section evaporator), the solution pump, the solution relay pump, the solution booster pump, the refrigerant pump, the single-effect condenser and the heat medium regulating valve, wherein the high-temperature section absorber and the high-temperature section evaporator are positioned in one cavity and are provided with the solution pump, and the low-temperature section absorber and the low-temperature section evaporator are positioned in one cavity and are provided with the solution relay pump. The waste heat source is serially connected with the high-temperature section evaporator and the low-temperature section evaporator for step cooling, the heat medium flows through the condenser, the high-temperature section absorber, the low-temperature section absorber and the single-effect condenser for temperature rise, and the heat source is driven to flow through the high-pressure generator. When the unit operates, a heat source is driven to heat and concentrate lithium bromide solution in the high-pressure generator, the concentrated solution enters the low-temperature section absorber to absorb refrigerant steam, and after the solution becomes thin, the solution is pumped by the solution relay pump to be sent into the high-temperature section absorber to continuously absorb the refrigerant steam, and after the solution becomes thin again, the solution is pumped by the solution pump to be sent into the low-pressure generator to be primarily heated and concentrated, and after the concentration, the solution is pumped by the solution booster pump to be sent into the high-pressure generator to be continuously heated and concentrated. The high-temperature refrigerant steam generated by concentrating the lithium bromide solution in the high-pressure generator is connected in parallel to the single-effect condenser and the low-pressure generator. When the actual operation parameters are good in the unit operation process, the heat medium regulating valve is closed, and the heat medium does not flow through the single-effect condenser, so that the single-effect condenser does not work, and other components of the unit form a unit operated under a double-effect working condition. When the operation parameters are worsened, the heat medium regulating valve is gradually opened, the heat medium flow entering the single-effect condenser is regulated, and the single-effect condenser is added into a unit for operation, so that the single-effect operation is increased on the basis of the original double-effect operation, and the high-temperature refrigerant steam generated by concentration of lithium bromide solution in the high-pressure generator is parallelly connected into the low-pressure generator and the single-effect condenser. With further deterioration of the operation parameters, the opening of the heat medium regulating valve is gradually increased, the flow of the heat medium entering the single-effect condenser is increased, and the proportion of the single-effect working condition operation can be increased until the single-effect working condition operation is completed (at the moment, because the working condition is too bad, the lithium bromide solution cannot be concentrated in the low-pressure generator, and therefore, all high-temperature refrigerant steam generated by concentration of the solution in the high-pressure generator enters the single-effect condenser for cooling and condensing).
The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:
the two-stage variable-efficiency lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit can simultaneously realize double-effect heating of low-temperature Duan Remei and single-effect heating of high-temperature heat media, and has low equipment cost compared with a pure double-effect unit under the same working condition, high COP compared with the pure single-effect unit, and the unit can completely run under the double-effect working condition of high COP when the running working condition is better; when the operation working condition is poor, the proportion of single-effect working condition operation can be increased, and even the single-effect working condition operation is completed, namely the COP of the unit can be changed along with the actual operation working condition;
the waste heat source flows through the high-temperature section evaporator and the low-temperature section evaporator in series in a stepped manner, the concentration of lithium bromide solution is lower, and the larger the duty ratio of the double-effect part is, the higher the COP of the unit is.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a conventional single-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigeration heat pump unit.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a conventional double-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigeration heat pump unit.
Fig. 3 shows an application example of the two-stage variable solution series lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit.
Fig. 4 is another application example of the solution series lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit with two-stage variable efficiency of the present patent.
Reference numerals in the drawings:
the low-pressure generator 1, the high-pressure generator 2, the condenser 3, the high-temperature heat exchanger 4, the low-temperature heat exchanger 5, the absorber 6, the high-temperature section absorber 6-1, the low-temperature section absorber 6-2, the evaporator 7, the high-temperature section evaporator 7-1, the low-temperature section evaporator 7-2, the solution pump 8, the refrigerant pump 9, the solution relay pump 10, the solution booster pump 11, the single-effect condenser 12 and the heat medium regulating valve 13.
Waste heat source is in A1, waste heat source is out A2, heat medium is in B1, heat medium is out B2, heat source is driven to enter C1, and heat source is driven to exit C2.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Referring to fig. 3, the present utility model relates to a two-stage variable-efficiency solution series lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit (hereinafter referred to as unit), which is composed of a low-pressure generator 1, a high-pressure generator 2, a condenser 3, a high-temperature heat exchanger 4, a low-temperature heat exchanger 5, a high-temperature section absorber 6-1, a low-temperature section absorber 6-2, a high-temperature section evaporator 7-1, a low-temperature section evaporator 7-2, a solution pump 8, a refrigerant pump 9, a solution relay pump 10, a solution booster pump 11, a single-effect condenser 12, a heat medium regulating valve 13 and a control system (not shown in the figure), and pipes and valves connecting the respective components. The waste heat source flows through the high temperature section evaporator 7-1 and the low temperature section evaporator 7-2 in series, the heat medium flows through the condenser 3, then flows through the high temperature section absorber 6-1 and the low temperature section absorber 6-2 in parallel, finally, the flow rate (all of the heat medium does not flow through or partially or completely flows through) flowing through the single-effect condenser 12 is regulated through the heat medium regulating valve 13, and the heat source is driven to flow through the high pressure generator 2. When the unit operates, the refrigerant water pumped by the refrigerant pump 9 and sprayed from the tops of the high-temperature section evaporator 7-1 and the low-temperature section evaporator 7-2 absorbs heat of a residual heat source in the heat transfer pipe, the refrigerant water is vaporized into refrigerant steam and then enters the high-temperature section absorber 6-1 and the low-temperature section absorber 6-2 respectively to be absorbed by lithium bromide concentrated solution, the released heat is taken away by heat medium flowing through the heat transfer pipe, and the concentration of the lithium bromide concentrated solution becomes thin after absorbing the refrigerant steam. The lithium bromide dilute solution in the low-temperature section absorber 6-2 is pumped by a solution relay pump 10 and is sent to the high-temperature section absorber 6-1, the lithium bromide dilute solution in the high-temperature section absorber 6-1 is pumped by a solution pump 8, is sent to the low-pressure generator 1 through the low-temperature heat exchanger 5, is sent to the high-pressure generator 2 through a solution booster pump 11 after primary concentration, is heated and concentrated again, and the concentrated lithium bromide concentrated solution returns to the low-temperature section absorber 6-2 through the high-temperature heat exchanger 4 and the low-temperature heat exchanger 5. The high-temperature refrigerant steam concentrated by the lithium bromide solution in the high-pressure generator 2 enters the single-effect condenser 12 and the low-pressure generator 1 in parallel in two paths, the high-temperature refrigerant steam is used as a heat source in the low-pressure generator 1 to heat the concentrated solution, then the high-temperature refrigerant steam is cooled and condensed, enters the condenser 3 together with the refrigerant steam generated by the concentration of the solution in the low-pressure generator 1, is cooled and condensed by a heating medium, and then returns to the high-temperature section evaporator 7-1. The high-temperature refrigerant steam entering the single-effect condenser 12 is directly cooled and condensed by the heating medium and also returns to the high-temperature section evaporator 7-1.
In the two-stage variable-efficiency solution series lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit shown in fig. 3, the heat medium flows through the condenser 3, then flows through the high-temperature section absorber 6-1 and the low-temperature section absorber 6-2 in parallel, and finally flows through the single-effect condenser 12 by being regulated by the heat medium regulating valve 13; it may also flow through the condenser 3, then flow through the high temperature section absorber 6-1 and the low temperature section absorber 6-2 in series, and finally flow through the single effect condenser 12 is adjusted by the heat medium adjusting valve 13, as shown in fig. 4; it may also flow through the condenser 3, then flow through the low temperature section absorber 6-2 and the high temperature section absorber 6-1 in series, and finally flow through the single effect condenser 12 is adjusted by the heat medium adjusting valve 13.
In the two-stage variable lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit shown in fig. 3, the refrigerant water in the condenser 3 and the single-effect condenser 12 is returned to the high-temperature-stage evaporator 7-1, and may be returned to the low-temperature-stage evaporator 7-2.
In the two-stage variable-efficiency lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit shown in fig. 3, the refrigerant water in the single-effect condenser 12 directly returns to the high-temperature-stage evaporator 7-1, and can also enter the condenser 3 first and then enter the high-temperature-stage evaporator 7-1, or enter the condenser 3 first and then enter the low-temperature-stage evaporator 7-2.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present utility model also includes other embodiments, and all technical solutions that are formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent substitution should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present utility model.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a two-stage type variable solution series connection lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit, low pressure generator, high pressure generator, condenser, high temperature heat exchanger, low temperature heat exchanger, high temperature section absorber, low temperature section absorber, high temperature section evaporimeter, low temperature section evaporimeter, solution pump, coolant pump, solution relay pump, solution booster pump, its characterized in that: the device also comprises a single-effect condenser and a heating medium regulating valve;
the waste heat source is connected in series and flows through the high-temperature section evaporator and the low-temperature section evaporator, and the heat medium flows through the condenser, the high-temperature section absorber, the low-temperature section absorber and the single-effect condenser to drive the heat source to flow through the high-pressure generator;
the solution relay pump pumps out the lithium bromide solution in the low-temperature section absorber and sends the lithium bromide solution into the high-temperature section absorber, the lithium bromide solution in the high-temperature section absorber is pumped out by the solution pump and then sent into the low-pressure generator through the low-temperature heat exchanger to be heated and concentrated, the concentrated lithium bromide solution is pumped out by the solution booster pump and then sent into the high-pressure generator through the high-temperature heat exchanger to be heated and concentrated, and the concentrated lithium bromide solution returns to the low-temperature section absorber through the high-temperature heat exchanger and the low-temperature heat exchanger.
2. The two-stage variable solution series lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit according to claim 1, wherein: the heat medium flows through the condenser, then flows through the high-temperature section absorber and the low-temperature Duan Xishou device in parallel, and finally flows through the single-effect condenser through the heat medium regulating valve.
3. The two-stage variable solution series lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit according to claim 1, wherein: the heat medium flows through the condenser, then flows through the high-temperature section absorber and the low-temperature Duan Xishou device in series, and finally flows through the single-effect condenser through the heat medium regulating valve.
4. The two-stage variable solution series lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit according to claim 1, wherein: the heat medium flows through the condenser firstly, then flows through the low-temperature section absorber and the high-temperature section absorber in series, and finally flows through the heat medium regulating valve to regulate the flow flowing through the single-effect condenser.
5. The two-stage variable solution series lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit according to claim 1, wherein: the refrigerant water generated by cooling and condensing after the concentrated solution is heated in the low-pressure generator enters the condenser and then enters the high-temperature section evaporator or the low-temperature section evaporator.
6. The two-stage variable solution series lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit according to claim 1, wherein: the refrigerant water in the single-effect condenser is directly returned to the high-temperature section evaporator or the low-temperature section evaporator, or is returned to the high-temperature section evaporator or the low-temperature section evaporator after being first returned to the condenser.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321894780.XU CN220303933U (en) | 2023-07-19 | 2023-07-19 | Two-stage variable-effect solution series lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321894780.XU CN220303933U (en) | 2023-07-19 | 2023-07-19 | Two-stage variable-effect solution series lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN220303933U true CN220303933U (en) | 2024-01-05 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321894780.XU Active CN220303933U (en) | 2023-07-19 | 2023-07-19 | Two-stage variable-effect solution series lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN220303933U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-07-19 CN CN202321894780.XU patent/CN220303933U/en active Active
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