CN2202965Y

CN2202965Y - High-effect energy-saving electric magnet iron

Info

Publication number: CN2202965Y
Application number: CN 94222357
Authority: CN
Inventors: 秦康
Original assignee: Hebei Normal University Industrial Co Electric Furnace Factory
Current assignee: Hebei Normal University Industrial Co Electric Furnace Factory
Priority date: 1994-09-28
Filing date: 1994-09-28
Publication date: 1995-07-05
Anticipated expiration: 2004-09-28

Abstract

The utility model relates to a high effect and energy saving electric magnet iron, which belongs to an electric magnet. The circuit in the controller provided by the utility model is mainly composed of a rectifying voltage reducing circuit unit, an electronic switching circuit unit. The integration molding of the iron core of the utility model can be realized by cast steel, the armature iron of the utility model is in a directly pulling type, and two windings of the utility model can be successfully connected into circuit in working processes to ensure the maintenance of attracting at a low current condition. The utility model has the advantages of long service life, small energy loss, simple circuit design, safety, etc.

Description

High-effect energy-saving electric magnet iron

The utility model belongs to electromagnet, is a kind of braking electromagnet with controller.

The electromagnet major part of device on the brake of certain nominal torque is alternating electromagnet at present, in use exist easy generation eddy current and cause iron loss, energy consumption, impurity influences deficiencies such as producing big electric current damage winding to noise between magnetic gap greatly and because of being subjected to, both having made is that some DC electromagnet that is used to brake also influences useful life because of it lacks the comparatively rational controller of design, and causes its energy consumption higher.

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of safe and efficient energy-saving electromagnet.This electromagnet configuration has the controller of rectification step-down, electronic switching circuit unit, and making its operating current is DC pulse, and the iron core of electromagnet is made by monoblock mild steel, and armature is direct-push, and adopts the tandem double winding.In use make the winding of electromagnet keep the adhesive of band-type brake in armature and the brake mechanism by little electric current to overcome the existing in prior technology deficiency by controller.

Overall structure of the present utility model is:

A kind of high-efficiency, energy-conserving and electromagnetical iron is by iron core, armature, winding and dispose corresponding controller and assemble, it is characterized in that having the soft iron core 2 interior assembling winding skeletons 3 of heat radiation side of body sheet 1, the newel hole of skeleton 3 is coaxial with the boss 4 of iron core 2, the interference fits suit twines the two-layer at least winding L of making alignment footpath, effective quantity number of turn on the periphery wall of skeleton ₁, L ₂Armature 5 is the cylinders with certain altitude, the top 6 of armature is in frame center post hole, the two matched in clearance, the post core 7 of armature bottom is set in the axis hole 8 of boss, offer steam vent 9 in boss axis hole one side, the internal face of electromagnet capping 10 has and the corresponding groove 11 of armature cylinder, and the groove internal diameter is slightly larger than the external diameter of armature top cylinder 7; This electromagnet is fastened on the seat board 12, and controller box body 13 also is installed on seat board, and the control circuit in the box body is by rectification reduction voltage circuit unit 14, winding operating circuit unit 15, and electronic switching circuit unit 16 is interconnected to constitute.

The structure of this control circuit for electromagnet is:

Circuit unit 14 is by two crystal diode D ₁, D ₂At least two resistance R parallel with one another ₁, R ₂With the half-wave step-down rectifying circuit that voltage stabilizing didoe DZ contacts mutually and constitutes, circuit unit 15 is with two electromagnet winding L of mutual series connection ₁, L ₂Be main formation, at L ₁, L ₂Two ends also meet the crystal diode D of mutual serial connection ₃, D ₄, in winding L ₁Two ends and meet crystal diode D ₅, D ₆, circuit unit 16 is with two transistor BG ₁, BG ₂Connect the RC delay circuit with thyristor SCR as electronic switching device and constitute, wherein the control utmost point of SCR is by crystal diode D ₈With BG ₁Emitter connect, the anode of SCR, negative electrode respectively with being connected in series a little and crystal diode D of two windings ₇Connect transistor BG ₂Base stage pass through resistance R ₆Be connected with the RC delay circuit.

Being configured to of other members and circuit elements device:

The soft iron core height of electromagnet is 100-300mm, internal diameter is 60-170mm, iron core inner convex platform height is the 30%-50% of iron core height, the boss external diameter is 25-70mm, boss axis hole aperture is φ 6-φ 14, and armature first half height is 30-60mm, and external diameter is 35-70mm, Lower Half post core height is 23-57mm, the winding L on the skeleton ₁Adopt a kind of, flat in φ 0.7-φ 0.8, φ 0.55-φ 0.6 or φ 0.45-φ 0.5 enamelled wire around 2400-2600 circle, winding L ₂Adopt a kind of in φ 0.25-φ 0.3, φ 0.15-φ 0.2 or φ 0.12-φ 0.17 enamelled wire, flat around the 7000-7500 circle, the RC delay circuit in the circuit unit 16 is by resistance R ₅Be connected in series electrolytic capacitor C parallel with one another ₂, C ₃Constitute resistance R ₅Pass through resistance R ₆With transistor BG ₂Base stage connect parallel resistance R ₁, R ₂Resistance equates, electrolytic capacitor C ₂, C ₃Be tantalum electrolytic capacitor.

The first half of armature adopts a kind of whole manufacturing moulding in silicon steel, ferrite, the low-carbon steel material, the post core of armature can adopt stainless steel or alloy steel material to make, post core and armature first half cylinder are fastenedly connected, and coil rack adopts phenolic resin or epoxide resin material to make.

Accompanying drawing of the present utility model has:

Fig. 1 is the sectional structure sketch of electromagnet.

Fig. 2 is the diagrammatic top view of electromagnet.

Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram in the electromagnet controller.

Accompanying drawing has provided embodiment of the present utility model, further specifies as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

Such electromagnet is mainly used in the drive motors of machineries such as braking lathe and crane, and after the winding energising, the magnetic attracting band-type brake of armature is with the rotation of braking motor wheel, and this electromagnet can be braked the motor driving wheel of 100-300mm.With the braking diameter is that the electromagnet of 200mm motor driving wheel is an example, and the main member of electromagnet is: the external diameter of soft iron core (containing side of body sheet) is φ 132mm, and internal diameter is 100mm, the iron core height is 77mm, and iron core inner convex platform height is 25mm, and diameter is 48mm, center bore is φ 50mm, boss axis hole aperture is φ 12mm, and armature first half diameter is φ 48mm, and height is 45mm, post core height is 33mm, diameter is φ 10mm, and the winding skeleton adopts the epoxy resin material to make L ₁Adopt φ 0.55-φ 0.6 enamelled wire flat around 2500 circles, L ₂Adopt the enamelled wire of φ 0.15-φ 0.2 flat around 7000 circles.Whole electromagnet is installed on the seat board.

The operation principle of controller is:

380 volts of alternating currents are through D ₁, D ₂And resistance R ₁, R ₂After carrying out the half-wave step-down rectifier, by voltage-stabiliser tube DZ voltage stabilizing, DC pulse makes transistor BG earlier ₁Conducting is through D ₈Triggering and conducting thyristor SCR, the electromagnet winding L ₁Place in circuit, when wherein have electric current by the time armature adhesive band-type brake have the motor of certain torque or the driving wheel of other dynamic power machines with braking.This moment winding L ₁Middle electric current is bigger, keeps the adhesive of electromagnet armature (its impulse stroke is about 10mm) for realizing little electric current, in the SCR conducting, and the capacitor C in the delay circuit ₂, C ₃After charging to 0.6 volt, BG ₂Saturation conduction, BG ₁, SCR turn-offs (time constant was about 0.6 second-0.8 second), this moment winding L ₁, L ₂Equal place in circuit, winding L ₁, L ₂Middle electric current is decreased to the attracting state that is enough to keep armature, and current value is about 0.1-0.2A, the crystal diode D in the circuit ₅, D ₆, D ₃, D ₄Be respectively to winding L ₁, L ₂The earial drainage diode that shields.The apolegamy of each main electronic devices and components is crystal diode D ₁, D ₂, D ₃, D ₄, D ₅, D ₆Can select 5408 types for use, thyristor SCR is BT151, transistor BG ₁, BG ₂Can select β (50-80) value little BDX2000 or 3DK series for use, voltage-stabiliser tube DZ is a ZCW series.

The obtained technological progress of the utility model is:

Because this electromagnet is under the controller circuitry effect, its operating current is DC pulse, And can make two mutually winding priority places in circuit of series connection, both electromagnet core can be utilized the cast steel material global formation, avoided generation and the iron loss of eddy current, can keep with little electric current again the duty of electromagnet, cut down the consumption of energy and prolong electromagnet service life. The apolegamy of the controller circuitry components and parts of this electromagnet is suitable in addition, and the circuit design advantages of simple is in use safe and reliable stronger with interference free performance.

Claims

1, a kind of high-efficiency, energy-conserving and electromagnetical iron is by iron core, armature, winding also disposes corresponding controller and assembles, it is characterized in that having the soft iron core 2 interior assembling winding skeletons 3 of heat radiation side of body sheet 1, the newel hole of skeleton 3 is coaxial with the boss 4 of iron core 2, the interference fits suit, on the periphery wall of skeleton, twine system one alignment footpath, at least the two-layer winding L 1 of effective quantity number of turn, L2, armature 5 is the cylinders with certain altitude, the top 6 of armature is in frame center post hole, the two matched in clearance, the post core 7 of armature bottom is set in the axis hole 8 of boss, offer steam vent 9 in boss axis hole one side, the internal face of electromagnet capping 10 has and the corresponding groove 11 of armature cylinder, and the groove internal diameter is slightly larger than the external diameter of armature top cylinder 7; This electromagnet is fastened on the seat board 12, and controller box body 13 also is installed on seat board, and the control circuit in the box body is by rectification reduction voltage circuit unit 14, winding operating circuit unit 15, and electronic switching circuit unit 16 is interconnected to constitute.

2, electromagnet according to claim 1 is characterized in that circuit unit 14 is by two crystal diode D ₁, D ₂At least two resistance R parallel with one another ₁, R ₂With the half-wave step-down rectifying circuit that voltage stabilizing didoe DZ contacts mutually and constitutes, circuit unit 15 is with two electromagnet winding L of mutual series connection ₁, L ₂Be main formation, at L ₁, L ₂Two ends also meet the crystal diode D of mutual serial connection ₃, D ₄, in winding L ₁Two ends and meet crystal diode D ₅, D ₆, circuit unit 16 is with two transistor BG ₁, BG ₂Connect the RC delay circuit with thyristor SCR as electronic switching device and constitute, wherein the control utmost point of SCR is by crystal diode D ₈With BG ₁Emitter connect, the anode of SCR, negative electrode respectively with being connected in series a little and crystal diode D of two windings ₇Connect transistor BG ₂Base stage pass through resistance R ₆Be connected with the RC delay circuit.

3, electromagnet according to claim 1 and 2, the high 100-300mm of being of soft iron core that it is characterized in that electromagnet, internal diameter is 60-170mm, iron core inner convex platform height is the 30%-50% of iron core height, and the boss external diameter is 25-70mm, and boss axis hole aperture is φ 6-φ 14, armature first half height is 30-60mm, external diameter is 35-70mm, and Lower Half post core height is 23-57mm, the winding L on the skeleton ₁Adopt a kind of, flat in φ 0.7-φ 0.8, φ 0.55-φ 0.6 or φ 0.45-φ 0.5 enamelled wire around 2400-2600 circle, winding L ₂Adopt a kind of in φ 0.25-φ 0.3, φ 0.15-φ 0.2 or φ 0.12-φ 0.17 enamelled wire, flat around the 7000-7500 circle, the RC delay circuit in the circuit unit 16 is by resistance R ₅Be connected in series electrolytic capacitor C parallel with one another ₂, C ₃Constitute resistance R ₅Pass through resistance R ₆With transistor BG ₂Base stage connect parallel resistance R ₁, R ₂Resistance equates, electrolytic capacitor C ₂, C ₃Be tantalum electrolytic capacitor.

4, electromagnet according to claim 3, the first half that it is characterized in that armature adopts a kind of integral body in silicon steel, ferrite, the low-carbon steel material to make moulding, the post core of armature can adopt stainless steel or alloy steel material to make, post core and armature first half cylinder are fastenedly connected, and coil rack adopts phenolic resin or epoxide resin material to make.