CN220286256U

CN220286256U - Torque limiter, torsional vibration damper and related power assembly

Info

Publication number: CN220286256U
Application number: CN202190000453.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 康斯坦丁·明加斯
Original assignee: Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Current assignee: Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Priority date: 2020-05-11
Filing date: 2021-04-20
Publication date: 2024-01-02
Anticipated expiration: 2031-04-20
Also published as: DE212021000376U1; WO2021228315A1

Abstract

The utility model relates to a torque limiter (1), in particular for a transmission system, in particular for a motor vehicle. In the construction of the torque limiter (1), the friction lining (5) is connected to the ridge-like projection (14) in the friction lining carrier (10) via a positive form fit, which construction allows a simple construction of the torque limiter (1) while ensuring a reliable function, wherein in the event of exceeding the limit torque of the torque limiter (1), only a slip is made between the friction lining (5) and the friction disc (4), but not between the friction lining (5) and the friction lining carrier (10).

Description

Torque limiter, torsional vibration damper and related power assembly

Technical Field

The present utility model relates to a torque limiter, in particular for a transmission system, in particular for a motor vehicle.

Background

Torque limiters are often used in motor vehicle powertrains to prevent torque spikes, such as those produced by an internal combustion engine, from rushing onto other components of the powertrain, such as an electric motor in a hybrid powertrain, to avoid damage due to torque spikes. This is achieved, for example, by: the torque limiter has at least one first friction fit on the input side or on the drive side and at least one second friction fit on the output side or on the driven side, the first friction fit and the second friction fit being friction fit, wherein the friction fits are preloaded such that, when a limit torque is exceeded, a slip occurs between the first and second friction fit such that no torque peaks are transmitted. In order to ensure that the slip occurs only at the desired points, it is known from DE 10 2017 121 431 A1 to use corresponding friction linings as first or second friction partners, which have different friction coefficients due to the material, wherein the friction coefficient, in particular with respect to the respective further friction partner, is smaller than the friction coefficient with respect to the further element, for example the corresponding support for the friction linings. Another concept is known from DE 10 2017 121 437 A1, in which the respective friction surfaces are characterized by different radii, which serve to precisely define the points at which slip occurs when a limit torque is exceeded. Common to the concepts described is that the friction fit must be relatively complex to construct.

Disclosure of Invention

Starting from this, the object of the utility model is to at least partially overcome the problems known from the prior art.

A torque limiter according to the utility model, in particular for a drive train, in particular of a motor vehicle, is rotatable about a rotational axis, having a drive side and a driven side, wherein at least one friction group is formed by a friction disk and two friction linings, wherein each friction lining has a friction side which can be placed in friction engagement with the friction disk, wherein each friction lining has a rear side which is opposite the respective friction side, wherein each friction lining is fastened by means of its rear side to a friction lining carrier, wherein the friction lining carrier is connected to a first one of the drive side and the driven side and at least one friction disk is connected to a respective other second one of the drive side and the driven side, wherein the friction linings are pressed against the friction disk by means of a pretension acting in the direction of the rotational axis. The torque limiter is characterized in that the at least one friction lining carrier, viewed in the axial direction of the torque limiter, has at least one opening with a ridge-like projection at least partially delimiting the opening, which ridge-like projection snaps into the back side of the corresponding friction lining under deformation of the back side.

A ridge-like projection is understood to be a projection with a sharp edge. By means of the sharp edges, the friction lining carrier penetrates into the material of the friction lining and is caught therein. In this way, a positive form fit is provided for fastening the friction lining to the friction lining carrier, so that slip can only occur on the friction side, but not on the rear side of the friction lining. Thus, a position or location is defined at which slip or slip occurs when the limit torque is exceeded. This only occurs between the friction side of the respective friction lining and the friction disk.

The limit torque is preferably defined here by the preload in conjunction with the friction coefficient or friction factor between the friction disk and the respective friction lining, and the surface available for friction between the friction disk and the friction lining. By determining the number of the ridge-like projections, the height of the ridge-like projections which defines the penetration depth into the friction lining, the corresponding extension, i.e. the length, of the ridge-like projections, the position of the ridge-like projections, the shape of the ridge-like projections and/or the material of the friction lining, it is ensured that the connection between the friction lining and the friction lining carrier is not released when transmitting torque until a limit torque is exceeded.

The installation of the friction lining in the friction lining carrier is simple because of the ridge-like projections, the orientation of the friction lining in the circumferential direction with respect to the friction lining carrier with respect to the axis of rotation can not take place, since no form fit is made between the friction lining and the prefabricated elements in the friction lining carrier, but rather by introducing the ridge-like projections into the friction lining. Furthermore, no further fixing of the friction lining at the friction lining carrier, for example a material-fit or friction-fit fixing, can take place.

As the friction lining, a friction lining composed of a material including fibers is preferably used and an organic binder is preferably used. In this case, the jamming and, if appropriate, the insertion into the friction lining can be carried out in a simple manner. The fibers are preferably glass fibers and/or aramid fibers and the organic binder is preferably at least one resin. Preferably, the at least one friction lining further comprises at least one metal component, which ensures in particular the shape stability of the friction lining.

Preferably, the at least one opening is formed in a radially outer region of the friction lining carrier. The radially outer region comprises, in particular, at most 15% of the outer portion of the outer radius of the friction lining carrier. The design at the radially outer region can be implemented in a simple manner in terms of design, with only a small influence on the other components.

Preferably, the ridge-like projection is produced when the opening of the friction lining carrier is manufactured. This enables a simple construction of the friction lining carrier, since the opening can be produced in one step with the ridge-like projection. It is also possible to produce the entire friction lining carrier with the openings and the ridge-like projections in one process step, for example by punching from a blank. Preferably, the ridge-like projections and, if appropriate, the corresponding openings are produced by means of a stamping process. The ridge-like projections, if appropriate openings and friction lining carriers can thus be produced simply and cost-effectively from a blank, in particular a blank made of steel sheet.

Preferably, the ridge-like projection forms a closed contour in a top view, i.e. seen in the axial direction of the torque limiter. A profile is understood to be a curve separating the ridge-like protrusion from its surroundings. For example, a circular, oval, racetrack-shaped, polygonal or rectangular closed contour can be formed as a closed contour. The ridge-like projection with the closed contour can be constructed simply.

Alternatively or additionally, it is preferred that the ridge-like projections form an open contour in top view. In this case, the open contour, unlike the closed contour, has further edges in the region of the contour end. This improves the positive form fit compared to a ridge-like protrusion with a closed profile. It is possible to combine in the torque limiter and in particular in the friction lining carrier a ridge-like projection with an open contour and with a closed contour.

Furthermore, a torsional vibration damper is proposed, which comprises a torque limiter according to the utility model. This allows a compact implementation of the torque limiter. In particular, the torque limiter can be integrated directly into the torsional vibration damper or connected to the output or driven side of the torsional vibration damper.

Furthermore, a drive train, in particular for a motor vehicle, is proposed, which comprises at least one torque limiter according to the utility model and/or a torsional vibration damper according to the utility model. Preferably, the powertrain comprises at least one electric motor for at least temporarily outputting torque. Thus, torque can be supplied to the driven wheels by the internal combustion engine and/or the at least one electric motor. By means of the torque limiter, the electric motor in the hybrid powertrain can be protected from torque peaks generated by the internal combustion engine.

The details and advantages disclosed for the torque limiter can be applied and transferred to the torsional vibration damper and powertrain, and vice versa, respectively.

It is to be noted prophylactically that the terms (first, second) used herein are mainly (only) used to distinguish a plurality of objects, sizes and processes of the same type, i.e. in particular not to compulsorily preset the relativity and/or order of said objects, sizes or processes with respect to each other. If correlation and/or order should be required, this will be presented in detail herein or will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon learning the specifically described design.

Drawings

The utility model and the technical field are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is noted that the utility model should not be limited by the embodiments shown. In particular, unless otherwise specified in detail, it is also possible to extract sub-aspects of the facts set forth in the drawings and to combine with other components and knowledge in the present description and/or the drawings. It is particularly noted that the drawings and the dimensional relationships particularly shown are merely schematic. Like reference numerals designate like objects so that the description from the other figures may be used in addition as necessary. The drawings show:

fig. 1: one example of a torque limiter;

fig. 2: a cross-sectional view of a friction lining carrier in an example of a torque limiter;

fig. 3: a perspective sub-view of the friction lining carrier according to fig. 2;

fig. 4 and 5: examples of torsional vibration dampers with torque limiters; and

fig. 6: one example of a powertrain for an automotive vehicle.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 schematically shows a part of a torque limiter 1, and fig. 2 and 3 show other views of the torque limiter 1. Fig. 1 to 3 are collectively described hereinafter. The torque limiter 1 is rotatable about a schematically depicted axis of rotation 2. The torque limiter 1 comprises a friction pack 3 comprising a friction disc 4 and two friction linings 5. The friction linings 5 each have a friction side 8 which can be brought into frictional engagement with the friction disk 4. The friction linings 5 each have a rear side 9, which is formed opposite the respective friction side 9. Each friction lining 5 is fastened by its friction side 9 to a friction lining carrier 10. The friction lining carrier 10 is formed here from a sheet metal, in particular a sheet steel. The friction disk 4 is connected to the output side 7, while the friction lining carrier 10 is connected to the drive side 6.

The friction lining 5 is pressed against the friction disk 4 via a pretensioning element 11 comprising at least one spring element 12. The pretensioning force generated by the pretensioning element 11 acts here in the direction of the axis of rotation 2. Thereby, a friction fit is created between the friction lining 5 and the friction disk 4. The limiting torque is defined by the pretension applied by the pretension element 11 and the friction coefficient of the friction pair of the friction lining 5 and the friction disc 4. If a torque less than the limit torque is applied on the drive side 6, the torque is transmitted via the friction pack 3 and thus via the torque limiter 1 in a friction fit. For example, because torque peaks occur above a limit torque, slip occurs between the friction lining 5 and the friction disk 4, so that torque peaks are prevented from rushing from the drive side 6 to the driven side 7.

In a radially outer region 16 of the friction lining carrier 10 (see in particular fig. 2), openings 13 are formed, which penetrate the friction lining carrier 10. The radially outer region 16 here comprises at most 15% of the outer portion of the outer radius 17 of the friction lining carrier 10. The outer radius 17 is only schematically depicted in fig. 2. The openings 13 have ridge-like projections 14 which enter into the corresponding friction linings 5 and are clamped therewith. The ridge-like projection 14 at least partially surrounding the corresponding opening 13 can in particular be a punched ridge which is produced on the side of the plate or friction lining carrier 10 opposite the punch inlet during punching. By means of the positive form fit, the ridge-like projections 14 enter into or deform the corresponding rear side 9 of the friction lining 5 and then form a friction fit with the surrounding material of the friction lining 5. The ridge-like projections 14, in order to form a form fit, enter into the flat, non-deformable and non-fracture surface of the back side 9 of the corresponding friction lining 5 and deform them therearound in order to form a form fit with the friction lining 5. By means of the insertion and the blocking, in particular, the friction linings 5 are not pierced in the axial direction of the torque limiter 1, but rather the friction side 8 of the respective friction lining 5 opposite the rear side 9 remains intact. Thereby, the friction lining 5 is fixed at the friction lining carrier 10. The ridge-like projection 14 protrudes at a height 15 from the surrounding material of the friction lining carrier 10, as is shown in particular in fig. 2.

The ridge-like projection 14 is produced in particular in a process step with the production of the opening 13 or the entire friction lining carrier 10, in particular by stamping, as described hereinabove. Thus, the ridge-like protrusion 14 can be simply and quickly manufactured. The friction lining carrier 10 has a plurality of openings 13, which are distributed over the circumference of the friction lining carrier 10, as is shown in particular in fig. 3.

By means of the positive form fit, openings in the friction lining 5 which must correspond to possible form fit elements in the friction lining carrier 10 can be omitted. Furthermore, no special requirements need be placed on the friction pair of the rear side 9 of the friction lining 5, since no friction fit between the rear side 9 of the friction lining 5 and the friction lining carrier 10 is required. Thereby, the production of the friction linings 5 is simplified and the installation of the friction linings 5 at the respective friction lining carrier 10 is accelerated, since the friction linings 5 do not need to be oriented relative to the respective friction lining carrier 10, since a positive form fit is produced independently of the specific position of the friction linings 5 relative to the friction lining carrier 10 when the friction linings 5 are pressed into the friction lining carrier 10. By determining the number of ridge-like projections 14, the height 15 and the corresponding extension of the ridge-like projections 14, the position of the ridge-like projections 14, the shape of the ridge-like projections 14 and/or the material of the friction lining 5, it is ensured that the connection between the friction lining 5 and the friction lining carrier 10 is not released until a limit torque is exceeded when torque is transmitted. Therefore, only slip occurs between the friction side 8 of the friction lining 5 and the friction disk 4 when a torque greater than the limit torque is applied, so that the function of the torque limiter 1 is ensured.

As is shown in particular in fig. 3, the contour 18 of the ridge-like projection 14 is closed in plan view, in this example circular, seen in the axial direction of the torque limiter 1. The shape of the opening 13 and/or the ridge-like protrusion 14 can have any geometrical shape, such as circular, oval, racetrack, polygonal, rectangular, etc. The contour 18 of the ridge-like projection 14 can be closed as in the example described, but can also be open in plan view, that is to say have interruptions and/or ends. For example, the contour 18 can be crescent-shaped in a top view.

Fig. 4 and 5 show two examples of torsional vibration dampers 19, each having a torque limiter 1 according to fig. 1 to 3, wherein the selected section does not see the opening 13 and thus the area of the ridge-like projection 14. In the first example in fig. 4, the torque limiter 1 is integrated into the torsional vibration damper 19, and in the second example in fig. 5, the torsional vibration damper 19 is connected to the drive side 6 of the torque limiter, which in this case is connected to the friction disk 4, at the driven side of the torsional vibration damper 19. For details of the torque limiter 1, reference is made to the above description of fig. 1 to 3.

Fig. 6 schematically shows a motor vehicle powertrain 20. The drive train 20 has an internal combustion engine 21 via which torque can be produced. The torsional vibration dampers 19 with the torque limiter 1 are each connected with the crankshaft 22 of the internal combustion engine 21 as described above. Via the disconnect clutch 23 and the electric motor 24, the internal combustion engine 21 is connected with a transmission unit 25 and via said transmission unit with at least one driven wheel 26 of the motor vehicle. The electric motor 24 is also capable of generating torque such that the powertrain 20 is a hybrid powertrain. Via the disconnect clutch 23, the internal combustion engine 21 can be disconnected from the driven wheels 26, so that pure electric drive via the electric motor 24 is possible.

The example shows a design in which the electric motors 24 are connected in series, it being possible for the electric motors 24 to be coupled in parallel to the remaining drive train 20, as is also possible for the electric motors 24 to be arranged at the respective driven wheels 26 in a wheel-independent manner. A plurality of motors 24 may be provided in the powertrain 20. By the torque limiter 1, damage to one or more electric motors 24 due to torque peaks of the internal combustion engine 21 is prevented.

In the construction of the torque limiter 1, the friction lining 5 is connected via a positive form fit with the ridge-like projection 14 in the friction lining carrier 10, which construction allows a simple construction of the torque limiter 1 while ensuring a reliable function, wherein in the event of a limit torque of the torque limiter 1 being exceeded, only a slip takes place between the friction lining 5 and the friction disk 4, but not between the friction lining 5 and the friction lining carrier 10.

Description of the reference numerals

1. Torque limiter

2. Axis of rotation

3. Friction group

4. Friction disk

5. Friction lining

6. Drive side

7. Driven side

8. Friction side

9. Backside of the back side

10. Friction lining carrier

11. Pretensioning element

12. Spring element

13. An opening

14. Ridge-like protrusion

15. Height of (1)

16. Radially outer region

17. Outer radius

18. Contour profile

19. Torsional vibration damper

20. Power assembly

21. Internal combustion engine

22. Crankshaft

23. Separating clutch

24. Motor with a motor housing having a motor housing with a motor housing

25. Transmission unit

26. Driven wheel

Claims

1. A torque limiter (1) which is rotatable about a rotational axis (2), having a drive side (6) and a driven side (7), wherein at least one friction group (3) is formed by a friction disk (4) and two friction linings (5), wherein each friction lining (5) has a friction side (8) which can be brought into frictional engagement with the friction disk (4), wherein each friction lining (5) has a rear side (9) which is opposite the respective friction side (8), wherein each friction lining (8) is fixed by means of its rear side (9) at a friction lining carrier (10), wherein the friction lining carrier (10) is connected to a first one of the drive side (6) and the driven side (7) and the at least one friction disk (4) is connected to a respective further second one of the drive side (6) and the driven side (7), wherein the friction linings (5) are pressed against the friction disk (4) by means of a pre-tightening force acting in the direction of the rotational axis (2),

it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,

at least one friction lining carrier (10), viewed in the axial direction of the torque limiter (1), has at least one opening (13) with a ridge-like projection (14) at least partially delimiting the opening (13), which engages in the rear side (9) of the corresponding friction lining (5) when the rear side (9) is deformed.

2. The torque limiter (1) according to claim 1,

wherein the at least one opening (13) is formed in a radially outer region (16) of the friction lining carrier (10).

3. The torque limiter (1) according to claim 1 or 2,

wherein at least one friction lining (5) is made of a material comprising fibers.

4. Torque limiter (1) according to any one of the previous claims,

wherein the ridge-like projection (14) is produced during the production of the opening (13) of the friction lining carrier (10).

5. Torque limiter (1) according to any one of the previous claims,

wherein the ridge-like protrusion (14) is produced by a stamping process.

6. Torque limiter (1) according to any one of the previous claims,

wherein the ridge-like projections (14) form a closed contour (18).

7. Torque limiter (1) according to any one of the previous claims,

wherein the ridge-like projections (14) form an open contour (18).

8. Torsional vibration damper (19) comprising a torque limiter (1) according to any of the preceding claims.

9. A powertrain (20) comprising at least one torque limiter (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7 and/or a torsional vibration damper (19) according to claim 8.

10. The powertrain (20) of claim 9, wherein the powertrain (20) includes at least one electric motor (24) for outputting torque at least temporarily.