CN220269702U - Tandem type cascade refrigerating unit capable of being supplied by cold and heat - Google Patents

Tandem type cascade refrigerating unit capable of being supplied by cold and heat Download PDF

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CN220269702U
CN220269702U CN202223288495.1U CN202223288495U CN220269702U CN 220269702 U CN220269702 U CN 220269702U CN 202223288495 U CN202223288495 U CN 202223288495U CN 220269702 U CN220269702 U CN 220269702U
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temperature
stage
low
heat
stage compressor
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李世岗
刘冬毓
王向新
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Jiangsu Kelide Cold Chain Technology Co ltd
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Jiangsu Kelide Cold Chain Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

The utility model relates to a tandem type cascade refrigerating unit capable of being supplied with cold and heat, which comprises a low-temperature-stage compression refrigerating system and a high-temperature-stage heat pump system, wherein the high-temperature-stage compressor exhausts into a heat exchanger, the other heat exchanger is connected with a hot water supply or hot air pipeline, an expansion valve is connected with a condensing evaporator, and return air is connected with the high-temperature-stage compressor after the heat exchanger; the low-temperature-stage compressor of the low-temperature-stage compression refrigeration system is sequentially connected back to the low-temperature-stage expansion valve through another heat range of the condensation evaporator and the low-temperature-stage condenser, the low-temperature-stage expansion valve returns air to the low-temperature-stage compressor through the low-temperature evaporator, and the installation height of the condensation evaporator is higher than that of the low-temperature-stage condenser. The unit has simple structure, can effectively realize independent refrigeration and supply high-temperature water or gas, and has remarkable energy-saving effect.

Description

Tandem type cascade refrigerating unit capable of being supplied by cold and heat
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a refrigerating unit, in particular to a tandem type cascade refrigerating unit capable of being supplied by cold and heat.
Background
In the existing food processing technology, the cooling link and the high-temperature heating link are provided. For example, in the milk processing process, raw milk needs to be quickly cooled to 4 ℃, pasteurized to about 85 ℃ and then quickly cooled to 4 ℃ for storage, the ingredients need to be heated to 70-75 ℃ in the process of batching, and the homogenization process needs to be reduced to below 8 ℃. In slaughterhouses and central kitchens, a processing room at about 12 ℃, a refrigerator at about 0 ℃ and a freezer at-20 ℃, a quick-freezing tunnel or a quick-freezing warehouse at-35 ℃ and steam at about 105 ℃ are needed for steaming and boiling foods, a hot air drying device at 85 ℃ and hot water at 55 ℃ are needed for cleaning kitchen ware and domestic water for staff. Similar to the above application scenario that both cooling refrigeration and heating are needed, the current solution is to solve cooling by a refrigerating unit alone and high-temperature heating by an electric heating device or a gas/oil boiler, and the two are not related.
These high temperature heating devices require a significant amount of electricity or fossil fuel combustion to produce heat. On the other hand, the refrigeration equipment extracts heat from the low-temperature environment, and together with the power consumption of the compressor, a large amount of heat is discharged into the atmosphere, and if the heat discharged by the refrigeration equipment can be transferred to the high-temperature heating equipment, a large amount of energy consumption can be obviously saved.
Refrigerating units used for freezing and refrigerating in the market at present, whether a single-stage circulating system or a cascade system, can only provide a refrigerating function. Some refrigerating units are designed with partial condensation, heat dissipation and recovery, the temperature of recovered hot water can only reach about 50 ℃, and the heat dissipation capacity can only be recovered by about 20 percent, so that the temperature of the hot water is not high enough and the heat is not much in the heating process. If the refrigerating unit is designed with full heat recovery, the temperature of hot water can only reach about 40 ℃ although the recovered heat is large, and the grade is too low to meet the requirements of part of high-temperature heating processes.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a tandem type cascade refrigerating unit capable of supplying cold and heat in a combined way, which has a simple structure, can effectively realize independent refrigeration and supply of high-temperature water or air and has an obvious energy-saving effect.
The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows: the cascade refrigerating unit comprises a low-temperature-stage compression refrigerating system and is characterized in that: the high-temperature-stage heat pump system comprises a high-temperature-stage compressor, a heat exchanger, a high-temperature-stage expansion valve and a condensing evaporator, wherein the high-temperature-stage compressor exhausts into a first heat path of the heat exchanger, the other heat path of the heat exchanger is connected with a hot water supply or hot air pipeline, and the expansion valve is connected with the condensing evaporator for a first heat path and then is connected with the high-temperature-stage compressor; the low-temperature-stage compressor of the low-temperature-stage compression refrigeration system is sequentially connected back to the low-temperature-stage expansion valve through another heat range of the condensation evaporator and the low-temperature-stage condenser, the low-temperature-stage expansion valve returns air to the low-temperature-stage compressor through the low-temperature evaporator, and the installation height of the condensation evaporator is higher than that of the low-temperature-stage condenser.
Further, the exhaust gas of the low-temperature-stage compressor and the high-temperature-stage compressor is connected with oil.
Further, the low-temperature-stage compressor and the high-temperature-stage compressor are connected with a gas-liquid separator in a return air way.
Further, a high-temperature-stage liquid storage tank and a high-temperature-stage electromagnetic valve are arranged between the heat exchanger and the condensation evaporator.
Further, the low-temperature-stage condenser is connected back to the low-temperature-stage expansion valve through the low-temperature liquid storage device and the low-temperature electromagnetic valve in sequence.
Further, the low-temperature-stage condenser is water-cooled shell-and-tube type or water-cooled plate-and-shell type or water evaporation type or fan fin coil air-cooled.
Further, the condensing evaporator is a plate-type or shell-and-tube-type or plate-and-shell-type or sleeve-type heat exchanger structure.
Further, the low-temperature-stage compressor and the high-temperature-stage compressor are one or more compressors which are arranged in parallel, and the low-temperature-stage compressor and the high-temperature-stage compressor adopt screw or piston or vortex compressors.
Further, the high-temperature-stage heat pump system adopts the refrigerant R134a or R515B or R245fa.
Further, the low-temperature-level heat pump system adopts the refrigerant R404a or R507a or NH3 or CO2.
Further, the exhaust gas of the high-temperature-level heat pump system sequentially enters a hot water exchanger and a hot air exchanger, or the exhaust gas is divided into two paths which respectively enter the hot water exchanger and the hot air exchanger which are arranged in parallel through switching electromagnetic valves; or the heat exchanger is divided into three heat processes, one heat process is connected with the exhaust of the high-temperature-stage compressor, the other heat process is connected with the hot water supply pipeline, and the three heat processes are connected with the hot air pipeline.
The whole unit is formed by special overlapping of two relatively independent and complete subsystems of a low-temperature-stage compression refrigeration system and a high-temperature-stage heat pump system. The low-temperature compressor of the low-temperature-stage compression refrigeration system can be in the forms of a screw, a piston and a vortex, the number of the low-temperature-stage compressor can be one or a plurality of the low-temperature-stage compressor can be connected in parallel, the refrigerant is a conventional freezing and refrigerating refrigerant, such as R404a, R507a, NH3, CO2 and the like, the evaporation temperature is a conventional refrigerating design temperature, the freezing temperature can reach minus 30 ℃ to minus 45 ℃, and the refrigerating temperature can reach about minus 10 ℃.
The condensing evaporator of the high-temperature-stage heat pump system can be switched by an electric three-way valve to be used as a condenser of a low-temperature-stage compression refrigeration system, and meanwhile, the condensing evaporator of the high-temperature-stage heat pump system can be in the form of any heat exchanger capable of realizing heat exchange of two mediums, such as a plate type heat exchanger, a shell type heat exchanger, a sleeve type heat exchanger and the like, and when the heat exchanger requires the exhaust gas of the low-temperature-stage compressor to flow through the other heat path, the flow resistance of the heat exchanger is less than 0.5bar under the condition that no condensation occurs.
The low-temperature-stage condenser of the low-temperature-stage compression refrigeration system can be in a water-cooled shell-and-tube type, a water-cooled plate-and-shell type, a water evaporation type or a fan fin coil pipe air-cooled type, and when the refrigerant of the low-temperature-stage compression refrigeration system is completely condensed in a condensation evaporator, the pressure drop of liquid flowing through the low-temperature-stage condenser is small, and the liquid does not flash. If the low-temperature-stage condenser is an air-cooled and evaporative condenser, the low-temperature-stage condenser does not need to be arranged on the whole unit, but is independently arranged outdoors.
In practical application, for a large-scale unit, the condensing evaporator and the low-temperature-level condenser are in a shell-and-tube type or plate-and-shell type mode, so that the whole combined heat and cold production cascade unit is designed into a complete prying block, the manufacturing in a factory is facilitated, and the field installation workload is greatly reduced.
The high-temperature-stage compressors of the high-temperature-stage heat pump system can be screw rods, pistons and vortex, one high-temperature-stage compressor can be used for preparing high-temperature hot water at 80 ℃ or a plurality of high-temperature-stage compressors can be connected in parallel, R134a and R515B can be used as refrigerants, and R245fa can be used for preparing ultra-high-temperature hot water or steam at 100-125 ℃.
The primary work purpose of this cold and hot allies oneself with supplies unit is to provide refrigeration, when the user cooling object temperature is higher than target temperature value of monitoring, opens low temperature level compression refrigerating system, including low temperature level solenoid valve, expansion valve, low temperature level evaporation, low temperature level compressor put into operation, and whether condensation evaporator participates in the work depends on whether there is the heating demand in step this moment. At this time, the temperature of the high-temperature heating medium water/air needs to be monitored and compared with a target heating value. If the target heating value is higher, indicating that there is no heating demand, the high temperature heat pump system is not operated and the low temperature stage condenser is operated. Because the liquid refrigerant does not flow through the first thermal process of the evaporation side of the condensation evaporator and evaporation is not generated, the exhaust gas of the low-temperature-stage compressor flows through the other thermal process of the condensation channel of the condensation evaporator, but does not generate heat to generate condensation, and continuously flows into the low-temperature-stage conventional refrigeration condenser, flows into the low-temperature-stage liquid storage after being condensed into liquid, further flows into the low-temperature-stage electromagnetic valve, the expansion valve and the low-temperature-stage evaporator, is evaporated into steam after absorbing the heat of a cooling object, and returns to the low-temperature-stage compressor to complete the whole cycle. At the moment, the high-temperature-level heat pump system is in an idle stop state, and the condensation of the low-temperature-level compression refrigeration system is completely completed by the low-temperature-level condenser, and is controlled to be regulated and controlled to be at the design value of the normal refrigeration system.
When the temperature of the high-temperature heating medium water/air is monitored to be lower than the target set value, the heating requirement is indicated, and the high-temperature-stage heat pump system is controlled to be operated, namely the high-temperature-stage compressor, the heat exchanger, the high-temperature-stage electromagnetic valve and the expansion valve are started, the condensing evaporator is also operated, and meanwhile, the low-temperature-stage condenser is stopped, such as air supply and cold water supply, for example. The exhaust gas of the low-temperature-stage compressor of the low-temperature-stage compression refrigeration system flows into a condensation evaporator, is evaporated and absorbed by the refrigerant of the high-temperature-stage heat pump system, is condensed into liquid, and continuously flows through the low-temperature-stage condenser, but does not generate heat any more, and continuously flows into the low-temperature-stage liquid reservoir, so that the whole refrigeration cycle is completed. And the refrigerant steam of the high-temperature-stage heat pump system is sucked and compressed by the high-temperature-stage compressor, and the high-temperature and high-pressure steam flows into the heat exchanger to release heat into water/air, so that the temperature of the water or the air is raised to a target value. The condensed liquid flows into a high-temperature electromagnetic valve, an expansion valve and a condensing evaporator to complete circulation. The energy output of the high-temperature-stage compressor of the high-temperature-stage heat pump system can be controlled, such as an energy unloading valve on a compressor head, compressor frequency conversion, individual compressor shutdown during multiple machine heads and the like, so as to adjust the high-temperature-stage evaporation pressure, thereby controlling the condensation pressure of the low-temperature-stage compression refrigeration system. The specific numerical value can be determined by adopting an optimal intermediate pressure method of a traditional cascade unit, in practical application, the saturated evaporation temperature corresponding to the evaporation pressure of a high-temperature-level heat pump system is generally 35-45 ℃, and the condensation pressure of a corresponding low-temperature-level refrigeration system is generally 40-50 ℃. The condensing pressure of the heat pump system can be controlled by adjusting the flow of the water/air of the heat exchanger, so that the purpose of controlling the temperature of the produced hot water/air is achieved. The whole cold and heat co-production refrigerating unit greatly improves the evaporation temperature of the high-temperature-level heat pump system due to heat release of the low-temperature-level compression refrigerating system, so that a very high heat production temperature can be obtained.
For an application scene that a user needs to heat by using steam, high-temperature water with the temperature of 100-120 ℃ can be connected into a steam flash drum to generate high-temperature steam, then the steam is conveyed into heating equipment through a pipeline, and water generated by flash evaporation returns to a water heat exchanger to be repeatedly heated for use.
In practical applications, water is used in most applications because it can be stored in a small volume and transported to a heat-consuming terminal over a long distance.
Compared with a normal single-cooling system, the low-temperature-stage compression refrigerating system of the cold-hot combined supply unit does not increase energy consumption, but can always transfer a large amount of heat from a refrigerated object to a high-temperature heat end by increasing the power consumption of a compressor of a high-temperature-stage heat pump system, so that the heating efficiency is very high, EER can reach 2.5-3.8, and the obtained temperature is very high and reaches 80-120 ℃. The heat-pump water heater can be widely applied to occasions needing heat and cold simultaneously in common food processing factories, prefabricated vegetable factories, milk factories and the like, and has great social value of energy conservation and consumption reduction.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the present utility model.
In the figure: the low-temperature-stage compressor 1, the oil content 2, the low-temperature-stage condenser 3, the low-temperature-stage liquid reservoir 4, the low-temperature-stage electromagnetic valve 5, the low-temperature-stage expansion valve 6, the low-temperature evaporator 7, the gas-liquid separator 8, the high-temperature-stage compressor 9, the heat exchanger 10, the hot water or hot air pipeline 11, the high-temperature-stage liquid reservoir 12, the high-temperature-stage electromagnetic valve 13, the high-temperature-stage expansion valve 14 and the condensing evaporator 15.
Detailed Description
The utility model is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 shows: a cascade refrigerating unit capable of supplying cold and heat in series comprises a high-temperature-stage heat pump system and a low-temperature-stage compression refrigerating system.
The high temperature stage heat pump system comprises a high temperature stage compressor 9, a heat exchanger 10, a hot water or hot air pipeline 11, a high temperature stage liquid storage 12, a high temperature stage electromagnetic valve 13, a high temperature stage expansion valve 14 and a condensation evaporator 15. The exhaust gas of the high-temperature-stage compressor 9 is sequentially connected with the high-temperature-stage compressor 9 through oil content, a heat exchanger 10, a high-temperature-stage liquid reservoir 12, a high-temperature-stage electromagnetic valve 13, a high-temperature-stage expansion valve 14, a condensation evaporator 15 and gas-liquid separator return air, and the high-temperature-stage heat pump system is connected with a heat stroke of the condensation evaporator 15.
The low-temperature-stage compression refrigeration system comprises a low-temperature-stage compressor 1, oil content 2, a low-temperature-stage condenser 3, a low-temperature-stage liquid reservoir 4, a low-temperature-stage electromagnetic valve 5, a low-temperature-stage expansion valve 6, a low-temperature evaporator 7 and a gas-liquid separator 8. The exhaust gas of the low-temperature-stage compressor 1 is returned to the low-temperature-stage compressor 1 through the low-temperature-stage condenser 4, the other heat stroke of the condensing evaporator 15, the low-temperature-stage liquid reservoir 4, the low-temperature-stage electromagnetic valve 5, the low-temperature-stage expansion valve 6, the low-temperature evaporator 7 and the gas-liquid separator 8 in sequence.
In the embodiment, the low-temperature-stage compressor 1 and the high-temperature-stage compressor 9 are connected in parallel by adopting double machines, and can also be connected in parallel by adopting a single machine or more than three machines, and the compressor is selected from screw compressors, pistons or scroll compressors.
In the embodiment, the high-temperature-stage heat pump system adopts the refrigerant R134a, R515B or R245fa; the low-temperature-stage heat pump system adopts a refrigerant R404a or R507a or NH3 or CO2. So as to meet the performance requirements of refrigeration and heat exchange.
In this embodiment, the low-temperature-stage condenser of the low-temperature-stage compression refrigeration system may be a water-cooled shell-and-tube type, a water-cooled shell-and-plate type, a water evaporation type, or a fan-fin coil air-cooled type, and if the low-temperature-stage condenser is an air-cooled or evaporation type, the low-temperature-stage condenser is not required to be installed on the whole unit, but is independently installed outdoors.
In this embodiment, the condensing evaporator of the high-temperature-stage heat pump system is a condenser of the low-temperature-stage compression refrigeration system, and is an evaporator of the high-temperature-stage heat pump system, and the form of the condensing evaporator may be any heat exchanger capable of realizing heat exchange between two media, such as a plate type heat exchanger, a shell-and-tube type heat exchanger, a plate-and-shell type heat exchanger, a sleeve type heat exchanger and the like.
In this embodiment, the heat exchanger can be modified based on the option of using only hot water or hot air: the exhaust gas of the high-temperature-level heat pump system sequentially enters the hot water exchanger and the hot air exchanger, or the exhaust gas is divided into two paths and enters the hot water exchanger and the hot air exchanger which are arranged in parallel through the switching electromagnetic valve respectively; or the heat exchanger is divided into three heat processes, one heat process is connected with the exhaust of the high-temperature-stage compressor, the other heat process is connected with the hot water supply pipeline, and the three heat processes are connected with the hot air pipeline.

Claims (11)

1. The cascade refrigerating unit comprises a low-temperature-stage compression refrigerating system and is characterized in that: the high-temperature-stage heat pump system comprises a high-temperature-stage compressor, a heat exchanger, a high-temperature-stage expansion valve and a condensing evaporator, wherein the high-temperature-stage compressor exhausts into a first heat path of the heat exchanger, the other heat path of the heat exchanger is connected with a hot water supply or hot air pipeline, and the expansion valve is connected with the condensing evaporator for a first heat path and then is connected with the high-temperature-stage compressor; the low-temperature-stage compressor of the low-temperature-stage compression refrigeration system is sequentially connected back to the low-temperature-stage expansion valve through another heat range of the condensation evaporator and the low-temperature-stage condenser, the low-temperature-stage expansion valve returns air to the low-temperature-stage compressor through the low-temperature evaporator, and the installation height of the condensation evaporator is higher than that of the low-temperature-stage condenser.
2. The tandem type cascade refrigeration unit capable of combining heat and cold supply according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the exhaust of the low-temperature-stage compressor and the high-temperature-stage compressor is connected with oil.
3. The tandem type cascade refrigeration unit capable of combining heat and cold supply according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the low-temperature-stage compressor and the high-temperature-stage compressor are connected with a gas-liquid separator in a return air way.
4. The tandem type cascade refrigeration unit capable of combining heat and cold supply according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: a high-temperature-stage liquid storage tank and a high-temperature-stage electromagnetic valve are arranged between the heat exchanger and the condensation evaporator.
5. The tandem type cascade refrigeration unit capable of combining heat and cold supply according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the low-temperature-stage condenser is connected with the low-temperature-stage expansion valve through the low-temperature liquid storage device and the low-temperature electromagnetic valve in sequence.
6. The cascade refrigeration unit capable of being combined with heat and cold according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the cascade refrigeration unit is characterized in that: the low-temperature-stage condenser is water-cooled shell-and-tube type or water-cooled plate-and-shell type or water evaporation type or fan fin coil air-cooled.
7. The cascade refrigeration unit capable of being combined with heat and cold supply according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the cascade refrigeration unit is characterized in that: the condensing evaporator is of a plate type or shell and tube type or plate and shell type or sleeve type heat exchanger structure.
8. The tandem type cascade refrigeration unit capable of combining heat and cold supply according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the low-temperature-stage compressor and the high-temperature-stage compressor are one or more of the low-temperature-stage compressor and the high-temperature-stage compressor which are arranged in parallel, and the low-temperature-stage compressor and the high-temperature-stage compressor adopt screw rods or pistons or vortex compressors.
9. The tandem type cascade refrigeration unit capable of combining heat and cold supply according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the high-temperature-stage heat pump system adopts a refrigerant R134a or R515B or R245fa.
10. The cascade refrigeration unit capable of being combined with heat and cold according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that: the low-temperature-stage heat pump system adopts a refrigerant R404a or R507a or NH3 or CO2.
11. The cascade refrigeration unit capable of being combined with heat and cold according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that: the exhaust gas of the high-temperature-level heat pump system sequentially enters a hot water exchanger and a hot air exchanger, or the exhaust gas is divided into two paths which respectively enter the hot water exchanger and the hot air exchanger which are arranged in parallel through switching electromagnetic valves; or the heat exchanger is divided into three heat processes, one heat process is connected with the exhaust of the high-temperature-stage compressor, the other heat process is connected with the hot water supply pipeline, and the three heat processes are connected with the hot air pipeline.
CN202223288495.1U 2022-12-08 2022-12-08 Tandem type cascade refrigerating unit capable of being supplied by cold and heat Active CN220269702U (en)

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CN202223288495.1U CN220269702U (en) 2022-12-08 2022-12-08 Tandem type cascade refrigerating unit capable of being supplied by cold and heat

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202223288495.1U CN220269702U (en) 2022-12-08 2022-12-08 Tandem type cascade refrigerating unit capable of being supplied by cold and heat

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CN220269702U true CN220269702U (en) 2023-12-29

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