CN220257549U - Device for purifying tail gas generated in ammonium nitrate granulation process - Google Patents

Device for purifying tail gas generated in ammonium nitrate granulation process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN220257549U
CN220257549U CN202321924898.2U CN202321924898U CN220257549U CN 220257549 U CN220257549 U CN 220257549U CN 202321924898 U CN202321924898 U CN 202321924898U CN 220257549 U CN220257549 U CN 220257549U
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gas
container
washing liquid
ammonium nitrate
stage evaporator
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冯文虎
赵桂周
徐哲
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Aizhi Environmental Technology Xi'an Co ltd
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Aizhi Environmental Technology Xi'an Co ltd
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a device for purifying tail gas generated in an ammonium nitrate granulation process, which comprises: a first purifying unit; a first container; a first pump for first circulating the washing liquid between the first container and the first purifying unit to purify the second-stage evaporator off-gas flowing through the first purifying unit, and for pumping the washing liquid in the first container out of the apparatus when the concentration of ammonium nitrate in the washing liquid in the first container reaches a set value; a second purifying unit; a second container; a second pump for performing a second circulation of the washing liquid between the second container and the second purifying unit so as to purify the granulation off-gas flowing through the second purifying unit and the two-stage evaporator off-gas which has been purified by the first purifying unit, and pumping the washing liquid in the second container to the first container so as to maintain the amount of the washing liquid in the first container stable; and a supply unit which supplies the washing liquid into the second container to maintain the amount of the washing liquid in the second container stable.

Description

Device for purifying tail gas generated in ammonium nitrate granulation process
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of chemical production, in particular to a device for purifying tail gas generated in an ammonium nitrate granulation process.
Background
During the granulation of ammonium nitrate, a large amount of tail gas containing ammonium nitrate dust is produced, wherein one tail gas is the tail gas from the two-stage evaporator, and the content of the ammonium nitrate dust in the tail gas is extremely high and is about 15000mg/m 3 The other tail gas is granulation tail gas, and the content of ammonium nitrate dust in the tail gas is relatively low. The tail gas is directly discharged into the atmosphere, so that not only can pollution be caused, but also the loss of ammonium nitrate products can be caused.
In order to make the tail gas generated in the process of granulating the ammonium nitrate reach the emission standard and reuse the ammonium nitrate in the tail gas, the tail gas purifying process has been adopted at present: firstly, pre-purifying the tail gas of the second-stage evaporator with extremely high ammonium nitrate dust content by using a washing liquid so as to transfer a large amount of dust in the tail gas of the second-stage evaporator into the washing liquid, and then, carrying out main purification on the pre-purified tail gas of the second-stage evaporator and the granulating tail gas together. Thus, the problem of poor purification effect caused by directly purifying the tail gas from the two-stage evaporator together with the granulating tail gas is avoided. After the main purification is completed, the two-stage evaporator tail gas and the granulation tail gas are discharged together into the atmosphere. On the other hand, the ammonium nitrate can be reused after being transferred from the tail gas to the washing liquid.
However, in the above-described exhaust gas purification process, the concentration of ammonium nitrate in the exhaust gas after the purification treatment is still high because the concentration of ammonium nitrate in the washing liquid used for the main purification is high, preventing or unfavorably transferring ammonium nitrate in the two-stage evaporator exhaust gas and the granulated exhaust gas which have been pre-purified to the washing liquid, and the concentration of ammonium nitrate in the washing liquid used for the main purification is high because the content of ammonium nitrate dust in the two-stage evaporator exhaust gas is extremely high, so that the ammonium nitrate concentration of the washing liquid is extremely easily increased, and the washing liquid is mixed and recycled for the pre-purification treatment and the main purification treatment until the set concentration is reached.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, it is desirable to provide a device for purifying the tail gas generated in the process of granulating ammonium nitrate, which can improve the purification efficiency of the tail gas and make the tail gas discharged into the atmosphere contain less ammonium nitrate pollutants.
The technical scheme of the utility model is realized as follows:
the embodiment of the utility model provides a device for purifying tail gas generated in an ammonium nitrate granulation process, which comprises the following components:
a first purifying unit;
a first container;
a first pump for first circulating a washing liquid between the first container and the first purification unit for purifying the second-stage evaporator off-gas flowing through the first purification unit, the first pump further being for pumping the washing liquid in the first container out of the apparatus when the concentration of ammonium nitrate of the washing liquid in the first container reaches a set value;
a second purifying unit;
a second container;
a second pump for performing a second circulation of the washing liquid between the second container and the second purifying unit so as to purify the granulation off-gas flowing together through the second purifying unit and the two-stage evaporator off-gas that has been purified by the first purifying unit, the second pump further being for pumping the washing liquid in the second container to the first container so as to keep the amount of the washing liquid in the first container stable;
and a supply unit for supplying the washing liquid into the second container to maintain the amount of the washing liquid in the second container stable.
In an apparatus according to an embodiment of the utility model: firstly, in the case where no make-up occurs between the first and second vessels, the first and second cycles of the washing liquid are virtually independent of each other, so that an increase in the ammonium nitrate concentration in the washing liquid in which the first cycle is performed at the first purification unit due to the large amount of ammonium nitrate dust contained in the second-stage evaporator off-gas does not have any effect on the ammonium nitrate concentration in the washing liquid in which the second cycle is performed at the second purification unit, that is, the ammonium nitrate concentration in the washing liquid in which the second cycle is performed can be kept at a lower level, and therefore the transfer of the ammonium nitrate dust in the off-gas to the washing liquid can be promoted at the second purification unit, whereby the off-gas is better purified; secondly, in the case where the washing liquid in the first container is discharged to the outside of the apparatus, the washing liquid in the second container is replenished into the first container, and the supply unit supplies the washing liquid to the second container, although the washing liquid in the first container comes from the second container and thus has a certain ammonium nitrate concentration, since the content of ammonium nitrate dust in the off-gas of the second-stage evaporator at the first purification unit is extremely high, the washing effect of the washing liquid having a certain ammonium nitrate concentration or the efficiency of transferring the ammonium nitrate dust in the off-gas of the second-stage evaporator into the washing liquid does not significantly change even when compared with the washing liquid not containing ammonium nitrate. In summary, compared with the prior art that the washing liquid for pre-purification and the washing liquid for main purification are mixed and circulated, the utility model can greatly improve the purification effect of tail gas.
In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the first purification unit comprises a venturi scrubber for scrubbing the two-stage evaporator off-gas with a scrubbing liquid that is subjected to the first cycle, and a cyclone gas-liquid separator for separating droplets in the two-stage evaporator off-gas that have been scrubbed by the venturi scrubber, wherein the cyclone gas-liquid separator is configured such that the separated droplets flow with the scrubbing liquid that is subjected to the first cycle into the first container.
In a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the second purification unit comprises a tail gas scrubber for scrubbing the prilled tail gas and the two-stage evaporator tail gas which has been purified by the first purification unit with a scrubbing liquid which is subjected to the second cycle, and a mist eliminator for separating mist in the prilled tail gas which has been scrubbed by the tail gas scrubber and the two-stage evaporator tail gas which has been purified by the first purification unit, wherein the mist eliminator is configured such that the separated mist flows into the second container together with the scrubbing liquid which is subjected to the second cycle.
In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the apparatus further comprises an induced draft fan arranged between the second purification unit and the atmosphere, the induced draft fan being adapted to promote circulation of the granulation off-gas and the two-stage evaporator off-gas that has been purified by the first purification unit from the second purification unit towards the atmosphere.
In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the second pump is further adapted to circulate a third washing liquid between the second container and the mist eliminator for cleaning the mist eliminator.
In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the off-gas scrubber and the mist eliminator are configured such that a first flow direction of the granulated off-gas and the two-stage evaporator off-gas that has been purified by the first purification unit in the off-gas scrubber is perpendicular to a second flow direction in the mist eliminator.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for purifying tail gas produced during a granulation process of ammonium nitrate according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first purification unit of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second purification unit of the apparatus according to an embodiment of the utility model;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an induced draft fan of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of an apparatus for purifying exhaust gas generated in a process of granulating ammonium nitrate according to another embodiment of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present utility model provides an apparatus 1 for purifying exhaust gas generated in a process of granulating ammonium nitrate, the apparatus 1 may include:
the first purification unit 10, as schematically shown by the upper right double solid line box in fig. 1;
the first container 11, as schematically illustrated by the single solid line box at the bottom right in fig. 1;
as the first pump 12 is located at the lower right in fig. 1, this first pump 12 is used for a first circulation of the washing liquid CL between the first container 11 and the first purification unit 10, as is schematically indicated in fig. 1 by a solid line with double solid arrows, in order to purify the two-stage evaporator off-gas EG1 flowing through the first purification unit 10, wherein in fig. 1 the two-stage evaporator off-gas EG1 is schematically indicated by a dashed line and the flow direction of the two-stage evaporator off-gas EG1 is schematically indicated by an arrow with a dashed line, furthermore, for example, the washing liquid CL flows from the first pump 12 to the first purification unit 10, or the washing liquid CL flows from the first purification unit 10 to the first container 11, or the washing liquid CL flows from the first container 11 to the first pump 12, or the flow of the two-stage evaporator off-gas EG1 outside the first purification unit 10, this can be done by guiding through a pipe, but the pipe is not shown in fig. 1 for the sake of clarity, the first pump 12 is also used to pump the washing liquid CL in the first container 11 out of the device 1 when the concentration of ammonium nitrate in the washing liquid CL in the first container 11 reaches a set value, as schematically shown in fig. 1 by a solid line with double-line arrows, which can be done by conventional technical means of providing a valve on the pipe guiding the flow of the washing liquid CL and opening and closing the valve accordingly, which will not be described in detail here, and it is furthermore necessary to state that the above-mentioned second-stage evaporation off-gas EG1 is one of the off-gases generated by the ammonium nitrate granulation process, typically by a second-stage evaporator of the ammonium nitrate granulation system, which contains a large amount of ammonium nitrate dust, by "cleaning" is meant here that the ammonium nitrate dust is transferred from the second-stage evaporator off-gas EG1 to the washing liquid CL under the scrubbing action of the washing liquid CL, which results in an increase in the ammonium nitrate concentration of the washing liquid CL in the first container 11, which, because the washing liquid CL is continuously circulating, continues to increase and reach the above-mentioned set point as the scrubbing process proceeds, which set point may depend, for example, on the cleaning efficiency of the first cleaning unit 10, since it is understood that the ammonium nitrate concentration of the washing liquid CL is no longer suitable for cleaning the second-stage evaporator off-gas EG1 if it is very high, or that the cleaning efficiency of the first cleaning unit 10 is unsatisfactory, and that the ammonium nitrate in the washing liquid CL may be reused by pumping the washing liquid CL out of the device 1, which set point may also depend on the ammonium nitrate concentration required for the reused washing liquid CL in the sense that the ammonium nitrate concentration is suitable for the re-used washing liquid CL;
a second purifying cell 13, as schematically shown by the upper left double solid line box in fig. 1;
a second container 14, as schematically illustrated in fig. 1 by the lower middle single solid line box;
as in fig. 1, a second pump 15 located at the lower left, which second pump 15 serves to circulate the washing liquid CL for the second time between the second container 14 and the second purification unit 13, as is schematically shown in fig. 1 by a solid line with double-headed arrows, in order to purify the granulation off-gas EG2 which is circulated together through the second purification unit 13 and the two-stage evaporator off-gas EG1 which has been purified by the first purification unit 10, wherein in fig. 1 the granulation off-gas EG2 is schematically shown by a dash-dot line and the direction of circulation of the granulation off-gas EG2 is schematically shown by an arrow with a dash-dot line, and in addition, as such, for example, the washing liquid CL flows from the second pump 15 to the second purification unit 13, or the washing liquid CL flows from the second purification unit 13 to the second container 14, or the washing liquid CL flows from the second container 14 to the second pump 15, or the circulation of the granulation off-gas EG2 outside the second purification unit 13 can be accomplished via a conduit, which conduit is not shown in fig. 1 for the sake of clarity, the second pump 15 also being used for pumping the washing liquid CL in the second container 14 to the first container 11, as schematically shown in fig. 1 by a solid line with a single solid arrow, so that the amount of washing liquid CL in the first container 11 remains stable, as well as the flow of washing liquid CL from the second container 14 to the first container 11 can also be accomplished via a conduit, which conduit is not described here again, it being additionally noted that the above mentioned granulation off-gas EG2 is another of the off-gases generated in the ammonium nitrate granulation process, which contains a smaller amount of ammonium nitrate dust than the two-stage evaporator off-gas EG1, by "cleaning" is meant here that ammonium nitrate dust is transferred from the granulation off-gas EG2 and the second-stage evaporator off-gas EG1 that has been cleaned by the first cleaning unit 10 into the cleaning liquid CL under the cleaning action of the cleaning liquid CL, which results in an increase in the concentration of ammonium nitrate in the cleaning liquid CL in the second container 14, and in addition, since the cleaning liquid CL in the first container 11 is discharged, the cleaning liquid CL in the second container 14 is replenished into the first container 11 in order to keep the amount of the cleaning liquid CL in the first container 11 stable;
a supply unit 16 for supplying the washing liquid CL into the second container 14, as schematically shown by a solid line with a single open arrow in fig. 1, so as to keep the amount of the washing liquid CL in the second container 14 stable, and likewise, since the washing liquid CL in the second container 14 is discharged, the washing liquid CL is replenished into the second container 14 by the supply unit 16 in order to keep the amount of the washing liquid CL in the second container 14 stable.
In the apparatus 1 according to the embodiment of the present utility model: first, in the case where the first container 11 and the second container 14 are not subjected to the replacement of the liquid, the first circulation and the second circulation of the washing liquid CL are virtually independent of each other, and therefore, the increase in the ammonium nitrate concentration in the washing liquid CL subjected to the first circulation at the first purification unit 10 due to the large amount of ammonium nitrate dust contained in the second-stage evaporator off-gas EG1 does not have any influence on the ammonium nitrate concentration in the washing liquid CL subjected to the second circulation at the second purification unit 13, that is, the ammonium nitrate concentration in the washing liquid CL subjected to the second circulation can be maintained at a low level, and therefore, the transfer of the ammonium nitrate dust in the off-gas into the washing liquid can be promoted at the second purification unit 13, whereby the off-gas can be purified more effectively; next, in the case where the washing liquid CL in the first container 11 is discharged to the outside of the apparatus 1, the washing liquid CL in the second container 14 is replenished into the first container 11, and the supply unit 16 supplies the washing liquid CL to the second container 14, although the washing liquid CL in the first container 11 comes from the second container 14 and thus has a certain ammonium nitrate concentration, since the content of ammonium nitrate dust in the second-stage evaporator off-gas EG1 at the first purification unit 10 is extremely high, the washing effect of the washing liquid CL having a certain ammonium nitrate concentration or the efficiency of transferring the ammonium nitrate dust in the second-stage evaporator off-gas EG1 into the washing liquid CL does not significantly change even when compared with the washing liquid CL having no ammonium nitrate. In summary, compared with the prior art that the washing liquid for pre-purification and the washing liquid for main purification are mixed and circulated, the utility model can greatly improve the purification effect of tail gas.
In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, see fig. 2, the first purification unit 10 described above may comprise a venturi scrubber 100 for scrubbing the second-stage evaporator off-gas EG1 with the aid of a scrubbing liquid CL which is subjected to the first cycle, wherein in fig. 2 the scrubbing liquid CL which is subjected to the first cycle is likewise schematically shown by solid lines with double solid arrows and the second-stage evaporator off-gas EG1 is likewise schematically shown by dashed lines and the direction of flow of the second-stage evaporator off-gas EG1 is schematically shown by arrows with dashed lines, and a cyclone gas-liquid separator 101 for separating the droplets in the second-stage evaporator off-gas EG1 which have been scrubbed by the venturi scrubber 100, it being noted that ammonium nitrate is very water-soluble, whereas during the scrubbing of the venturi scrubber 100 a large number of droplets are generated in which the ammonium nitrate dust is dissolved, so that it is necessary to effect purification by separating the droplets from the separated off-gas, wherein the cyclone gas separator 101 is configured to flow together with the first-stage evaporator off-gas 11. The venturi scrubber 100 and the cyclone gas-liquid separator 101 are well known in the art, and are not described herein.
In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, see fig. 3, the second purification unit 13 described above may comprise a tail gas scrubber 130 and a mist eliminator 131, the tail gas scrubber 130 being used for scrubbing the prilled tail gas EG2 and the second-stage evaporator tail gas EG1 which has been purified by the first purification unit 10 by means of a scrubbing liquid CL which has been subjected to a second cycle, wherein in fig. 3, the scrubbing liquid CL which has been subjected to the second cycle is likewise schematically shown by means of a solid line with double-headed arrows, and the flow direction of the prilled tail gas EG2 is likewise schematically shown by means of a dashed line and the arrows which have been carried by means of dotted lines, the mist eliminator 131 being used for separating the prilled tail gas EG2 which has been scrubbed by the tail gas scrubber 130 and the mist of the second-stage evaporator tail gas EG1 which has been purified by the first purification unit 10, and it is also necessary to say that ammonium nitrate dust is very soluble in water, and that during the scrubbing of the tail gas scrubber 130 a large amount of mist of ammonium nitrate dust is produced, which is dissolved in such mist of ammonia dust, and thus the mist of ammonia dust is required to be separated from the second tail gas CL which has been circulated by means of a dot-dash line to the second mist eliminator 131, and thus the mist eliminator is configured to be able to separate. The exhaust gas scrubber 130 and the mist eliminator 131 are also known in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, see fig. 4, the device 1 may further comprise an induced draft fan 17 arranged between the second purification unit 13 and the atmosphere, wherein the upper part of the components shown in fig. 4 can be seen as the atmosphere here, which induced draft fan 17 is used to promote the circulation of the granulation off-gas EG2 and the two-stage evaporator off-gas EG1 that has been purified by the first purification unit 10 from the second purification unit 13 towards the atmosphere. In addition, in the case where the second purifying unit 13 includes the exhaust gas scrubber 130 and the mist eliminator 131 as shown in fig. 4, since the exhaust gas is treated by the exhaust gas scrubber 130 before being treated by the mist eliminator 131 as described above, the induced draft fan 17 should be disposed between the mist eliminator 131 and the atmospheric environment in particular. Like this, draught fan 17 has played forced draft's effect, has solved the big problem of tail gas circulation resistance.
In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, referring to fig. 5, in addition to the second pump 15 for the second circulation of the washing liquid CL between the second container 14 and the second purifying unit 13, as is also schematically indicated in fig. 5 by a solid line with double hollow arrows, the second pump 15 may also be used for the third circulation of the washing liquid CL between the second container 14 and the mist eliminator 131, as is schematically indicated in fig. 5 by a solid line with single-line arrows, for cleaning the mist eliminator 131. In this way, even if the mist eliminator 131 is attached with contaminants during a long-term use, the mist eliminator 131 can be prevented from being clogged by the cleaning solution CL being cleaned by the third cycle. In addition, the selection of whether to circulate the washing liquid CL in the second container 14 in the second cycle or in the third cycle may be achieved by providing a valve on a pipe guiding the flow of the washing liquid CL and opening and closing the valve accordingly, which is a conventional technical means for those skilled in the art and will not be described herein.
In a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, referring back to fig. 4, the off-gas scrubber 130 and the mist eliminator 131 may be configured such that the first flow direction D1 of the granulated off-gas EG2 and the two-stage evaporator off-gas EG1 that has been purified by the first purification unit 10 in the off-gas scrubber 130 is perpendicular to the second flow direction D2 in the mist eliminator 131. In this way, the exhaust gas scrubber 130 and the mist eliminator 131 may be arranged in an "L" shape, for example, with the scrubber 130 and the mist eliminator 131 being arranged in sequence in a vertically upward direction, whereby the exhaust gas circulates in a vertically upward direction more space-saving in the vertical direction.
In practice, the device 1 according to the embodiment of the utility model has the efficiency of removing solid-liquid pollutants in the tail gas generated in the ammonium nitrate granulation process as high as more than 99.5%, and the dust content of the purified tail gas can be controlled at 10mg/m 3 Below that of the Chinese medicine is far lower than 30mg/m of the state 3 The following index requirements.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present utility model, and the present utility model is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present utility model should be included in the present utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the present utility model shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (6)

1. An apparatus for purifying the tail gas produced by an ammonium nitrate granulation process, the apparatus comprising:
a first purifying unit;
a first container;
a first pump for first circulating a washing liquid between the first container and the first purification unit for purifying the second-stage evaporator off-gas flowing through the first purification unit, the first pump further being for pumping the washing liquid in the first container out of the apparatus when the concentration of ammonium nitrate of the washing liquid in the first container reaches a set value;
a second purifying unit;
a second container;
a second pump for performing a second circulation of the washing liquid between the second container and the second purifying unit so as to purify the granulation off-gas flowing together through the second purifying unit and the two-stage evaporator off-gas that has been purified by the first purifying unit, the second pump further being for pumping the washing liquid in the second container to the first container so as to keep the amount of the washing liquid in the first container stable;
and a supply unit for supplying the washing liquid into the second container to maintain the amount of the washing liquid in the second container stable.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first purification unit comprises a venturi scrubber for scrubbing the two-stage evaporator off-gas with a scrubbing liquid that is subject to the first cycle, and a cyclone gas-liquid separator for separating droplets in the two-stage evaporator off-gas that have been scrubbed by the venturi scrubber, wherein the cyclone gas-liquid separator is configured such that the separated droplets flow with the scrubbing liquid that is subject to the first cycle into the first vessel.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the second purification unit comprises an off-gas scrubber for scrubbing the prilled off-gas and the two-stage evaporator off-gas that has been purified by the first purification unit with a scrubbing liquid that is subjected to the second cycle, and a mist eliminator for separating mist in the prilled off-gas that has been scrubbed by the off-gas scrubber and the two-stage evaporator off-gas that has been purified by the first purification unit, wherein the mist eliminator is configured such that the separated mist flows into the second container together with the scrubbing liquid that is subjected to the second cycle.
4. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising an induced draft fan arranged between the second purification unit and the atmosphere, the induced draft fan being adapted to promote circulation of the granulation off-gas and the two-stage evaporator off-gas that has been purified by the first purification unit from the second purification unit towards the atmosphere.
5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the second pump is further configured to circulate a third flow of wash liquid between the second container and the mist eliminator to clean the mist eliminator.
6. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the off-gas scrubber and the mist eliminator are configured such that a first flow direction of the granulated off-gas and the two-stage evaporator off-gas that has been purified by the first purification unit in the off-gas scrubber is perpendicular to a second flow direction in the mist eliminator.
CN202321924898.2U 2023-07-20 2023-07-20 Device for purifying tail gas generated in ammonium nitrate granulation process Active CN220257549U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202321924898.2U CN220257549U (en) 2023-07-20 2023-07-20 Device for purifying tail gas generated in ammonium nitrate granulation process

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202321924898.2U CN220257549U (en) 2023-07-20 2023-07-20 Device for purifying tail gas generated in ammonium nitrate granulation process

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